Printing an array in php - php

Question

Now I understand that you cant just use echo to print the contents of an array and you have to use foreach but for some reason this is not working. Any ideas?
$rows = $stmt->fetchAll();
foreach ($rows as $key=>$row)
{
echo "My value at $key is $row";
}
}
Output:
My value at 0 is ArrayMy value at 1 is ArrayMy value at 2 is Array

Answer 1

It appears you've fetched something from PDO using fetchAll.
This method returns an array of arrays (rows). The inner arrays have column_name => value elements. So for example if you retrieved the column 'firstName' and 'lastName', these values for the first record will be $rows[0]['firstName'] and $rows[0]['lastName'] respectivelly.
The proper way to do this would be:
$rows = $stmt->fetchAll();
foreach ($rows as $key => $row) {
foreach ($row as $column => $value) {
echo "My $column value for row $key is $value\n";
}
}
Protip: Watch the parentheses alignment, this doesn't matter for correctness but makes the code more readable :)

Answer 2

Looks like a multi-dimensional array to me. Try var_dump or print_r
var_dump($rows);
print_r($rows);

Answer 3

$row is another array which can not be converted directly to string. You can use this function to check array content.
function d($data)
{
echo '<pre>';
print_r($data);
echo '</pre>';
}
d($stmt->fetchAll());
and better you do this (if you forgot to remove its calling doesn't harm your site)
define('ENVIRONMENT', 'development');
function d($data)
{
if(ENVIRONMENT == 'development')
{
echo '<pre>';
print_r($data);
echo '</pre>';
}
}
d($stmt->fetchAll());

Answer 4

Try this to debug the content of $row:
$rows = $stmt->fetchAll();
foreach ($rows as $key=>$row)
{
echo "First key: $key | ";
foreach($row as $subkey => $subrow)
{
echo "Subkey: $subkey | Value: $subrow <br />";
}
}
Addiotinally, it's important to use functions like var_dump(), print_r() and var_export(), they will prevent a lot of problems for you.

Answer 5

//<pre> tag will give you a well formatted version of var_dump
echo "<pre>";
var_dump($rows);
echo "</pre>";

Answer 6

//#parram $data-array,$d-if true then die by default it is false
//#author Your name
function p($data,$d = false){
echo "<pre>";
print_r($data);
echo "</pre>";
if($d == TRUE){
die();
}
} // END OF FUNCTION
Use this function every time whenver you need to string or array it will wroks just GREAT.
There are 2 Patameters
1.$data - It can be Array or String
2.$d - By Default it is FALSE but if you set to true then it will execute die() function
In your case you can write like this..
$rows = $stmt->fetchAll();
foreach ($rows as $key=>$row) {
p($rows); // to use p function use above code for p() in your code
}