Reverse a functions output - php

I have some code that I got from here: Color coding based on number
function GreenYellowRed($number) {
$number--; // working with 0-99 will be easier
if ($number < 50) {
// green to yellow
$r = floor(255 * ($number / 50));
$g = 255;
} else {
// yellow to red
$r = 255;
$g = floor(255 * ((50-$number%50) / 50));
}
$b = 0;
return "$r,$g,$b";
}
I am then calling it on a percentage output... like this:
"<span style='background-color: rgb(" . GreenYellowRed($percentage) . ")'>" . $percentage . "%</span>"
It works as expected, but it makes lower numbers green and higher numbers red. In my case, low percentage is bad and high percentage is good, but I can't work out what to change to make it work in reverse so that hight numbers go green and low numbers go red.
I've tried a few things but it never seems to do what I want... can anyone help?

Chnge this:
return "$r,$g,$b";
to this:
return "$g,$r,$b";

Soooo easy when I thought about it!!
All I had to do was to swap $r and $g on each side of the if statement, like this:
function GreenYellowRed($number)
{
$number--; // working with 0-99 will be easier
if ($number < 50) {
// green to yellow
$g = floor(255 * ($number / 50));
$r = 255;
} else {
// yellow to red
$g = 255;
$r = floor(255 * ((50-$number%50) / 50));
}
$b = 0;
return "$r,$g,$b";
}
All sorted :)

Related

php function to convert RYB color to RGB color

I'm in php.
I've got a RYB color with that value :
$rybColor = array("r"=>0,"y"=255",b="255")
I would like to convert it in RGB in order to get
$rgbColor = array("r"=>0,"g"=>255,"b"=>0)
is that something possible ?
I found a script there in javascript
link
but it's a bit complicated for me. I stuck on the normalisation of the values..
Absolutely.
Here's a quick PHP version of the JavaScript version of the Python version you linked:
// RYB color to RGB color
function RYB2RGB($iRed, $iYellow, $iBlue){
// Remove the whiteness from the color.
$iWhite = min($iRed, $iYellow, $iBlue);
$iRed -= $iWhite;
$iYellow -= $iWhite;
$iBlue -= $iWhite;
$iMaxYellow = max($iRed, $iYellow, $iBlue);
// Get the green out of the yellow and blue
$iGreen = min($iYellow, $iBlue);
$iYellow -= $iGreen;
$iBlue -= $iGreen;
if ($iBlue > 0 && $iGreen > 0)
{
$iBlue *= 2.0;
$iGreen *= 2.0;
}
// Redistribute the remaining yellow.
$iRed += $iYellow;
$iGreen += $iYellow;
// Normalize to values.
$iMaxGreen = max($iRed, $iGreen, $iBlue);
if ($iMaxGreen > 0)
{
$iN = $iMaxYellow / $iMaxGreen;
$iRed *= $iN;
$iGreen *= $iN;
$iBlue *= $iN;
}
// Add the white back $in.
$iRed += $iWhite;
$iGreen += $iWhite;
$iBlue += $iWhite;
// Save the RGB
$RGB = [floor($iRed), floor($iGreen), floor($iBlue)];
return $RGB
}
$R = 98;
$y = 152;
$b = 223;
var_dump( RYB2RGB( $R, $y, $b ) ); //
// array(3) {
// [0]=>
// float(98)
// [1]=>
// float(193)
// [2]=>
// float(223)
// }

How I can create my own pow function using PHP?

I want to create a function in which I put two values (value and its power - Example function: multiply(3, 3) result 27). I have tried so far but failed, I have searched using Google but I have been unable to find any result because I don't know the name of this function.
What I want exactly:
3,3 => 3 x 3 x 3 = 27
4,4 => 4 x 4 x 4 x 4 = 256
What I tried:
function multiply($value,$power){
for($x = 1; $x <= $value; $x++ ){
return $c = $value * $power;
}
}
echo multiply(3,3);
The answer has already been accepted, but I had to come here and say that all answers here use a bad algorithm. There are better ones. Including very simple ones, like exponentiation by squaring that reduces the complexity from O(power) to O(log(power)).
The idea is to square the base while dividing the exponent by 2. For example
3^8 = 9^4 = 81^2 = 6561
There is a special case when the exponent is odd. In this case, you must store a separate variable to represent this factor:
2^10 = 4^5 = 16^2 * 4 = 256 * 4 = 1024
PHP isn't one of my strong skills, but the final algorithm is as simple as:
function multiply($value, $power){
$free = 1;
while ($power > 1) {
if ($power % 2 == 1)
$free *= $value;
$value *= $value;
$power >>= 1; //integer divison by 2
}
return $value*$free;
}
echo multiply(3, 3) . "\n";
echo multiply(2, 10) . "\n";
echo multiply(3, 8) . "\n";
Oopsika, couldn't have asked a more obvious question. Use the built-in function named pow (as in a lot of languages)
echo pow(3, 3);
Edit
Let's create our own function.
function raiseToPower($base,$exponent)
{
// multiply the base to itself exponent number of times
$result=1;
for($i=1;$i<=$exponent;$i++)
{
$result = $result * $base;
}
return $result;
}
function exponent($value,$power)
{
$c=1;
for($x = 1; $x <= $power; $x++ )
{
$c = $value * $c;
}
return $c;
}
If you have PHP >= 5.6 you can use the ** operator
$a ** $b Exponentiation Result of raising $a to the $b'th power.
echo 2 ** 3;
If you have PHP < 5.6 you can use pow:
number pow ( number $base , number $exp )
echo pow(2, 3);
Your own function is:
function multiply($value, $power) {
$result = 1;
for($x = 1; $x <= $power; $x++){
$result *= $value;
}
return $result;
}
echo multiply(3,3);
Read more at:
http://php.net/manual/en/language.operators.arithmetic.php
http://php.net/manual/en/function.pow.php
Just try to run this code I hope your problem will be solved.
If you defining any function then you have to call it return value.
<?php
function multiply($value,$exp)
{ $temp=1;
if($exp==0)
return $temp;
else
{
for($i=1;$i<=$exp;$i++)
$temp=$temp*$value;
return $temp;
}
}
echo multiply(5,6);
?>
echo "Enter number (will be mutiplied):".PHP_EOL;
$value = (int) readline("> ");
echo "Enter number for multiplier:".PHP_EOL;
$multiplier = (int) readline("> ");
function power(int $i, int $n):int {
$result =1;
for ($int = 1; $int < $n; $int++){
$result *= $i;
}
return $result;
}
echo power($value,$multiplier);

Calculating the n-th root of an integer using PHP/GMP

How can I calculate the n-th root of an integer using PHP/GMP?
Although I found a function called gmp_root(a, nth) in the PHP source, it seems that this function has not been published in any release yet*: http://3v4l.org/8FjU7
*) 5.6.0alpha2 being the most recent one at the time of writing
Original source: Calculating Nth root with bcmath in PHP – thanks and credits to HamZa!
I've rewritten the code to use GMP instead of BCMath:
function gmp_nth_root($num, $n) {
if ($n < 1) return 0; // we want positive exponents
if ($num <= 0) return 0; // we want positive numbers
if ($num < 2) return 1; // n-th root of 1 or 2 give 1
// g is our guess number
$g = 2;
// while (g^n < num) g=g*2
while (gmp_cmp(gmp_pow($g, $n), $num) < 0) {
$g = gmp_mul($g, 2);
}
// if (g^n==num) num is a power of 2, we're lucky, end of job
if (gmp_cmp(gmp_pow($g, $n), $num) == 0) {
return $g;
}
// if we're here num wasn't a power of 2 :(
$og = $g; // og means original guess and here is our upper bound
$g = gmp_div($g, 2); // g is set to be our lower bound
$step = gmp_div(gmp_sub($og, $g), 2); // step is the half of upper bound - lower bound
$g = gmp_add($g, $step); // we start at lower bound + step , basically in the middle of our interval
// while step != 1
while (gmp_cmp($step, 1) > 0) {
$guess = gmp_pow($g, $n);
$step = gmp_div($step, 2);
$comp = gmp_cmp($guess, $num); // compare our guess with real number
if ($comp < 0) { // if guess is lower we add the new step
$g = gmp_add($g, $step);
} else if ($comp == 1) { // if guess is higher we sub the new step
$g = gmp_sub($g, $step);
} else { // if guess is exactly the num we're done, we return the value
return $g;
}
}
// whatever happened, g is the closest guess we can make so return it
return $g;
}

How can I optimize this 'lottery' function in PHP?

Earlier I wrote a code in Matlab for this sort of lottery function, just to test if it was possible. However, I actually needed it in PHP so I've just rewritten the code and it does seem to work, but as it involves a lot of looping I want to make sure I'm doing it as efficiently as possible.
What the code does:
You can call the function $lotto -> type($users,$difficulty) and it will return two numbers. Here's the explanation, $users is the number of users registered on the website, i.e the people who will potentially buy a ticket. $difficulty is a number between 1 and 10, where 5 is normal, 1 is easy and 10 is hard. Difficulty here means how hard it is to match all numbers on a lottery ticket.
So what are the numbers that the function returns? That would be $n and $r. $n is the amount of numbers there will be on the lottery ticket, and $r is the amount of numbers you can choose from the lottery ticket. For example, in the UK a national lottery ticket has 49 numbers if which you choose 6. I.e $n = 49 and $r = 6.
How does the function calculate these two numbers? In the UK national lottery there are 13,983,816 different possible ticket combinations. If I were to run $lotto -> type(13983816,1) it would return array(49,6). Basically it tried to make it so there are as many combinations of tickets as there are registered users.
tl;dr, here's the code:
<?php
class lotto {
public function type($users,$difficulty){
$current_r = $r = 2;
$current_n = 0;
$difficulty = ($difficulty + 5) / 10; // sliding scale from 1 - 10
$last_tickets_sold = 200; // tickets sold in last lotto
$last_users = 100; // how many users there were in the last lotto
$last_factor = $last_tickets_sold / $last_users; // tickets per user
$factor = $last_factor * $difficulty;
$users *= $factor;
while($r <= 10){
$u = 0;
$n = $r;
while($u < $users && $n < 50){
$u = $this -> nCr(++$n,$r);
}
if($r == 2){
$current_n = $n;
} elseif(abs($this -> nCr($n,$r) - $users) < abs($this -> nCr($current_n,$current_r) - $users)){
// this is a better match so update current n and r
$current_r = $r;
$current_n = $n;
}
$r++;
}
return array($current_n,$current_r);
}
private function nCr($n,$r){
return $this -> factorial($n) / (
$this -> factorial($r) * $this -> factorial($n - $r)
);
}
private function factorial($x){
$f = $x;
while(--$x){
$f *= $x;
}
return $f;
}
}
$lotto = new lotto;
print_r($lotto -> type(1000,5));
?>
I did a quick scan and spotted a few places that can be further optimized.
Combination
Your algorithm is a brute force one and can be further optimized
private function nCr($n,$r){
return $this -> factorial($n) / (
$this->factorial($r) * $this->factorial($n - $r)
);
}
to
function nCr($n,$r) {
$top = 1;
$sub = 1;
for($i = $r+1; $i <= $n; $i++)
$top *= $i;
$n -= $r;
for($i = 2; $i <= $n; $i++)
$sub *= $i;
return $top / $sub;
}
Too Much Combination Calculation
Calculate combination is expensive.
$u = 0;
$n = $r;
while($u < $users && $n < 50){
$u = $this -> nCr(++$n,$r);
}
to
$n = $r + 1;
$u = nCr($n, $r);
while ($u < $users && $n < 50) {
$n++;
$u *= $n;
$u /= ($n - $r);
}
An immediate observation is that you have the possibility of a divide by 0 error
$last_factor = $last_tickets_sold / $last_users;
Could be solved by putting a simple if statement around it
$last_factor = ($last_users == 0) ? 0 : $last_tickets_sold / $last_users;
Regardless detailed examination of your code, are you sure that your loops does not need continue or break?
The range of factorial() in your algo is [0,50], so why not just precompute this statically?
private static $factorial=array(1);
private static genFactorial($max) {
if( count( self::$factorial ) > $max ) return;
foreach ( range(count(self::$factorial), $max) as $n ) {
self::$factorial[$n] = $i*self::$factorial[$n-1];
}
}
Now add a self::genFactorial(50); to __construct() or to type() and replace references to $this -> factorial($n) by self::$factorial[$n].
This is just a quick code dump; not even compile checked so forgive any typos, etc. but what this does is to replace a function call (which includes a while loop) by an array element fetch.

Generate gradient color from PHP

I want to know how to build a function that give the code of an color and
display a gradient of this color. For example:
function generate_color(int colorindex)
{ .......
.......
Generate 10 pale colors of this color.
}
Please help me
The code Michael references is rather scary. But the solution is straightforward. It may be clearer if you consider simply a grey scale image:
function create_pallette($start, $end, $entries=10)
{
$inc=($start - $end)/($entries-1);
$out=array(0=>$start);
for ($x=1; $x<$entries;$x++) {
$out[$x]=$start+$inc * $x;
}
return $out;
}
Only using a 3D vector (RGB) instead of a 1D vector.
C.
In the answer to this question lies your solution, only in Javascript...
Generate lighter/darker color in css using javascript
I'm not going to write it out, but a simple Google search for 'lighten hex colour php' yields:
function colourBrightness($hex, $percent) {
// Work out if hash given
$hash = '';
if (stristr($hex,'#')) {
$hex = str_replace('#','',$hex);
$hash = '#';
}
/// HEX TO RGB
$rgb = array(hexdec(substr($hex,0,2)), hexdec(substr($hex,2,2)), hexdec(substr($hex,4,2)));
//// CALCULATE
for ($i=0; $i<3; $i++) {
// See if brighter or darker
if ($percent > 0) {
// Lighter
$rgb[$i] = round($rgb[$i] * $percent) + round(255 * (1-$percent));
} else {
// Darker
$positivePercent = $percent - ($percent*2);
$rgb[$i] = round($rgb[$i] * $positivePercent) + round(0 * (1-$positivePercent));
}
// In case rounding up causes us to go to 256
if ($rgb[$i] > 255) {
$rgb[$i] = 255;
}
}
//// RBG to Hex
$hex = '';
for($i=0; $i < 3; $i++) {
// Convert the decimal digit to hex
$hexDigit = dechex($rgb[$i]);
// Add a leading zero if necessary
if(strlen($hexDigit) == 1) {
$hexDigit = "0" . $hexDigit;
}
// Append to the hex string
$hex .= $hexDigit;
}
return $hash.$hex;
}
http://lab.pxwebdesign.com.au/?p=14
Your Google is just as good as mine!

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