I have these inputs:
Rosemary Hess (2018) (Germany) (all media)
Jackie H Spriggs (catering)
I want to split them by the first parentheses, the output i want:
array:2 [
0 => "Rosemary Hess"
1 => "(2018) (Germany) (all media)"
]
array:2 [
0 => "Jackie H Spriggs"
1 => "(catering)"
]
I tried these but not working correctly :
preg_split("/(\s)\(/", 'Rosemary Hess (2018) (Germany) (all media)')
But it splits every space with parentheses and returns five items rather two.
You can use
$strs= ["Rosemary Hess (2018) (Germany) (all media)", "Jackie H Spriggs (catering)"];
foreach ($strs as $s){
print_r( preg_split('~\s*(?=\([^()]*\))~', $s, 2) );
}
// => Array ( [0] => Rosemary Hess [1] => (2018) (Germany) (all media) )
// => Array ( [0] => Jackie H Spriggs [1] => (catering) )
See the PHP demo. See the regex demo.
The preg_split third $limit argument set to 2 makes it split the string with the first occurrence of the pattern that matches:
\s* - 0+ whitespaces
(?=\([^()]*\)) - that are followed with (, 0 or more chars other than ( and ) and then a ).
Related
I have a string containing multiple products orders which have been joined together without a delimiter.
I need to parse the input string and convert sets of three substrings into separate rows of data.
I tried splitting the string using split() and strstr() function, but could not generate the desired result.
How can I convert this statement into different columns?
RM is Malaysian Ringgit
From this statement:
"2 x Brew Coffeee Panas: RM7.42 x Tongkat Ali Ais: RM8.6"
Into seperate row:
2 x Brew Coffeee Panas: RM7.4
2 x Tongkat Ali Ais: RM8.6
And this 2 row into this table in DB:
Table: Products
Product Name
Quantity
Total Amount (RM)
Brew Coffeee Panas
2
7.4
Tongkat Ali Ais
2
8.6
*Note: the "total amount" substrings will reliably have a numeric value with precision to one decimal place.
You could use regex if your string format is consistent. Here's an expression that could do that:
(\d) x (.+?): RM(\d+\.\d)
Basic usage
$re = '/(\d) x (.+?): RM(\d+\.\d)/';
$str = '2 x Brew Coffeee Panas: RM7.42 x Tongkat Ali Ais: RM8.6';
preg_match_all($re, $str, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER, 0);
var_export($matches);
Which gives
array (
0 =>
array (
0 => '2 x Brew Coffeee Panas: RM7.4',
1 => '2',
2 => 'Brew Coffeee Panas',
3 => '7.4',
),
1 =>
array (
0 => '2 x Tongkat Ali Ais: RM8.6',
1 => '2',
2 => 'Tongkat Ali Ais',
3 => '8.6',
),
)
Group 0 will always be the full match, after that the groups will be quantity, product and price.
Try it online
Capture one or more digits
Match the space, x, space
Capture one or more non-colon characters until the first occuring colon
Match the colon, space, then RM
Capture the float value that has a max decimal length of 1OP says in comment under question: it only take one decimal place for the amount
There are no "lazy quantifiers" in my pattern, so the regex can move most swiftly.
This regex pattern is as Accurate as the sample data and requirement explanation allows, as Efficient as it can be because it only contains greedy quantifiers, as Concise as it can be thanks to the negated character class, and as Readable as the pattern can be made because there are no superfluous characters.
Code: (Demo)
var_export(
preg_match_all('~(\d+) x ([^:]+): RM(\d+\.\d)~', $string, $m)
? array_slice($m, 1) // omit the fullstring matches
: [] // if there are no matches
);
Output:
array (
0 =>
array (
0 => '2',
1 => '2',
),
1 =>
array (
0 => 'Brew Coffeee Panas',
1 => 'Tongkat Ali Ais',
),
2 =>
array (
0 => '7.4',
1 => '8.6',
),
)
You can add the PREG_SET_ORDER argument to the preg_match_all() call to aid in iterating the matches as rows.
preg_match_all('~(\d+) x ([^:]+): RM(\d+\.\d)~', $string, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER);
foreach ($matches as $match) {
echo '<tr><td>' . implode('</td><td>', array_slice($match, 1)) . '</td></tr>';
}
You can use a regex like this:
/(\d+)\sx\s([^:]+):\sRM(\d+\.?\d?)(?=\d|$)/
Explanation:
(\d+) captures one or more digits
\s matches a whitespace character
([^:]+): captures one or more non : characters that come before a : character (you can also use something like [a-zA-Z0-9\s]+): if you know exactly which characters can exist before the : character - in this case lower case and upper case letters, digits 0 through 9 and whitespace characters)
(\d+\.?\d?) captures one or more digits, followed by a . and another digit if they exist
(?=\d|$) is a positive lookahead which matches a digit after the main expression without including it in the result, or the end of the string
You can also add the PREG_SET_ORDER flag to preg_match_all() to group the results:
PREG_SET_ORDER
Orders results so that $matches[0] is an array of first set of matches, $matches[1] is an array of second set of matches, and so on.
Code example:
<?php
$txt = "2 x Brew Coffeee Panas: RM7.42 x Tongkat Ali Ais: RM8.62 x B026 Kopi Hainan Kecil: RM312 x B006 Kopi Hainan Besar: RM19.5";
$pattern = "/(\d+)\sx\s([^:]+):\sRM(\d+\.?\d?)(?=\d|$)/";
if(preg_match_all($pattern, $txt, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER)) {
print_r($matches);
}
?>
Output:
Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[0] => 2 x Brew Coffeee Panas: RM7.4
[1] => 2
[2] => Brew Coffeee Panas
[3] => 7.4
)
[1] => Array
(
[0] => 2 x Tongkat Ali Ais: RM8.6
[1] => 2
[2] => Tongkat Ali Ais
[3] => 8.6
)
[2] => Array
(
[0] => 2 x B026 Kopi Hainan Kecil: RM31
[1] => 2
[2] => B026 Kopi Hainan Kecil
[3] => 31
)
[3] => Array
(
[0] => 2 x B006 Kopi Hainan Besar: RM19.5
[1] => 2
[2] => B006 Kopi Hainan Besar
[3] => 19.5
)
)
See it live here php live editor and here regex tester.
The first thing I would do would be to perform a simple replacement using preg_replace to insert, with the aid of a a back-reference to the captured item, based upon the known format of a single decimal point. Anything beyond that single decimal point forms part of the next item - the quantity in this case.
$str="2 x Brew Coffeee Panas: RM7.42 x Tongkat Ali Ais: RM8.625 x Koala Kebabs: RM15.23 x Fried Squirrel Fritters: RM32.4";
# qty price
# 2 7.4
# 2 8.6
# 25 15.2
# 3 32.4
/*
Our RegEx to find the decimal precision,
to split the string apart and the quantity
*/
$pttns=(object)array(
'repchar' => '#(RM\d{1,}\.\d{1})#',
'splitter' => '#(\|)#',
'combo' => '#^((\d{1,}) x)(.*): RM(\d{1,}\.\d{1})$#'
);
# create a new version of the string with our specified delimiter - the PIPE
$str = preg_replace( $pttns->repchar, '$1|', $str );
# split the string intp pieces - discard empty items
$a=array_filter( preg_split( $pttns->splitter, $str, null ) );
#iterate through matches - find the quantity,item & price
foreach($a as $str){
preg_match($pttns->combo,$str,$matches);
$qty=$matches[2];
$item=$matches[3];
$price=$matches[4];
printf('%s %d %d<br />',$item,$qty,$price);
}
Which yields:
Brew Coffeee Panas 2 7
Tongkat Ali Ais 2 8
Koala Kebabs 25 15
Fried Squirrel Fritters 3 32
Can the preg_match() function include groups it did not find in the matches array?
Here is the pattern I'm using:
/^([0-9]+)(.[0-9]+)?\s?([^iIbB])?([iI])?([bB])?$/
What I'm trying to is parse an human readable size into bytes. This pattern fits my requirement, but only if I can retrieve matches in the absolute group order.
This can produce upto 5 match groups, which would result in a matches array with indices 0-5. However if the string does not match all groups, then the matches array may have, for example, group 5 actually at index 3.
What I'd like is the final match in that pattern (5) to always be at the same index of the matches array. Because multiple groups are optional it's very important that when reading the matches array we know which group in the expression got matched.
Example situation: The regex tester at regexr.com will show all 5 groups including those not matched always in the correct order. By enabling the "global" and "multi-line" flags and using the following text, you can hover over the blue matches for a good visual.
500.2 KiB
256M
700 Mb
1.2GiB
You'll notice that not all groups are always matched, however the group indexes are always in the correct order.
Edit: Yes I did already try this in PHP with the following:
$matches = [];
$matchesC = 0;
$matchesN = 6;
if (!preg_match("/^([0-9]+)(\.[0-9]+)?\s?([^iIbB])?([iI])?([bB])?$/", $size, $matches) || ($matchesC = count($matches)) < $matchesN) {
print_r($matches);
throw new \Exception(sprintf("Could not parse size string. (%d/%d)", $matchesC, $matchesN));
}
When $size is "256M" that print_r($matches); returns:
Array
(
[0] => 256M
[1] => 256
[2] =>
[3] => M
)
Groups 4 and 5 are missing.
The non-participating groups are just not initialized with an empty string value in PHP, so, Group 4 and 5 are null in case of '256M' string. It seems that preg_match discards those non-initialized values from the end of the array.
In your case, you can make your capturing groups non-optional, but the patterns inside optional.
$arr = array('500.2 KiB', '256M', '700 Mb', '1.2GiB');
foreach ($arr as $s) {
if (preg_match('~^([0-9]+)(\.[0-9]+)?\s?([^ib]?)(i?)(b?)$~i', $s, $m)) {
print_r($m) . "\n";
}
}
Output:
Array
(
[0] => 500.2 KiB
[1] => 500
[2] => .2
[3] => K
[4] => i
[5] => B
)
Array
(
[0] => 256M
[1] => 256
[2] =>
[3] => M
[4] =>
[5] =>
)
Array
(
[0] => 700 Mb
[1] => 700
[2] =>
[3] => M
[4] =>
[5] => b
)
Array
(
[0] => 1.2GiB
[1] => 1
[2] => .2
[3] => G
[4] => i
[5] => B
)
See the PHP demo.
You can use T-Regx which can handle such cases with ease! It always checks whether a group is matched, even if it's last and unmatched. It also can differentiate between "" (matched empty) or null (unmatched):
pattern('^([0-9]+)(.[0-9]+)?\s?([^iIbB])?([iI])?([bB])?$')
->match($size)
->first(function (Match $match) {
// whether the group was used in a pattern
$match->hasGroup(14);
// whether the group was matched, even if last or empty string
$match->matched(5);
// group, or default value if not matched
$match->group(5)->orReturn('unmatched');
});
Consider the following code snippet:
$example = "DELIM1test1DELIM2test2DELIM1test3DELIM2test4"; // and so on
preg_match_all('/DELIM1(.*?)DELIM2(.*?)/', $example, $matches);
$matches array becomes:
array:3 [
0 => array:2 [
0 => "DELIM1test1DELIM2"
1 => "DELIM1test3DELIM2"
]
1 => array:2 [
0 => "test1"
1 => "test3"
]
2 => array:2 [
0 => ""
1 => ""
]
]
As you can see, it fails to get test2 and test4. Any reason why that happens and what could be a possible solution? Thank you.
.*? is non-greedy; if you have no constraint after it, it will match the minimum necessary: zero characters. You need a constraint after it to force it to match more than trivially. For example:
/DELIM1(.*?)DELIM2(.*?)(?=DELIM1|$)/
Lazy subpatterns at the end of the patter match either 0 (*?) or 1 (+?) characters because they match as few as possible.
You can still use lazy matching and append a lookahead that will require a DELIM1 to appear after the value or the end of string:
/DELIM1(.*?)DELIM2(.*?)(?=$|DELIM1)/
See demo. It is very close in terms of performance with a tempered greedy token (DELIM1(.*?)DELIM2((?:(?!DELIM1).)*) - demo).
However, the best approach is to unroll it:
DELIM1(.*?)DELIM2([^D]*(?:D(?!ELIM1)[^D]*)*)
See another demo
preg_split would be better:
$example = "DELIM1test1DELIM2test2DELIM1test3DELIM2test4"; // and so on
$keywords = preg_split("/DELIM1|DELIM2/", $example,0,PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY);
print_r($keywords);
output:
Array
(
[0] => test1
[1] => test2
[2] => test3
[3] => test4
)
demo: http://ideone.com/s5nC0k
Those values are OUTSIDE of your anchors, so they won't get matched. e.g. (with some extra spaces)
str: DELIM1 test1 DELIM2 test2 DELIM1 test3 DELIM2 test4
pat: DELIM1 (.*?) DELIM2 (.*?) DELIM1 (.*?) DELIM2 (.*?)
match #1 match #2
(.*?) is a non-greedy match, and can/will match a 0-length string. Since the boundary between M2 and te is a 0-length string, that invisible zero-length character matches and the pattern terminates there.
You can use this negative lookahead regex:
preg_match_all('/DELIM1((?:(?!DELIM1|DELIM2).)*)DELIM2((?:(?!DELIM1|DELIM2).)*)/',
$example, $matches);
(?:(?!DELIM1|DELIM2).)* will match 0 or more of any character that doesn't have DELIM1 or DELIM2 at next position.
Output:
print_r($matches);
Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[0] => DELIM1test1DELIM2test2
[1] => DELIM1test3DELIM2test4
)
[1] => Array
(
[0] => test1
[1] => test3
)
[2] => Array
(
[0] => test2
[1] => test4
)
)
I have a string like
"first,second[,b],third[a,b[1,2,3]],fourth[a[1,2]],sixth"
I want to explode it to array
Array (
0 => "first",
1 => "second[,b]",
2 => "third[a,b[1,2,3]]",
3 => "fourth[a[1,2]]",
4 => "sixth"
}
I tried to remove brackets:
preg_replace("/[ ( (?>[^[]]+) | (?R) )* ]/xis",
"",
"first,second[,b],third[a,b[1,2,3]],fourth[a[1,2]],sixth"
);
But got stuck one the next step
PHP's regex flavor supports recursive patterns, so something like this would work:
$text = "first,second[,b],third[a,b[1,2,3]],fourth[a[1,2]],sixth";
preg_match_all('/[^,\[\]]+(\[([^\[\]]|(?1))*])?/', $text, $matches);
print_r($matches[0]);
which will print:
Array
(
[0] => first
[1] => second[,b]
[2] => third[a,b[1,2,3]]
[3] => fourth[a[1,2]]
[4] => sixth
)
The key here is not to split, but match.
Whether you want to add such a cryptic regex to your code base, is up to you :)
EDIT
I just realized that my suggestion above will not match entries starting with [. To do that, do it like this:
$text = "first,second[,b],third[a,b[1,2,3]],fourth[a[1,2]],sixth,[s,[,e,[,v,],e,],n]";
preg_match_all("/
( # start match group 1
[^,\[\]] # any char other than a comma or square bracket
| # OR
\[ # an opening square bracket
( # start match group 2
[^\[\]] # any char other than a square bracket
| # OR
(?R) # recursively match the entire pattern
)* # end match group 2, and repeat it zero or more times
] # an closing square bracket
)+ # end match group 1, and repeat it once or more times
/x",
$text,
$matches
);
print_r($matches[0]);
which prints:
Array
(
[0] => first
[1] => second[,b]
[2] => third[a,b[1,2,3]]
[3] => fourth[a[1,2]]
[4] => sixth
[5] => [s,[,e,[,v,],e,],n]
)
I am attempting to use RegEx to strip down the following data:
mlb_s_left1=Baltimore 3 ^NY Yankees 12 (FINAL)&mlb_s_right1_1=W: Hughes L: Britton&mlb_s_right1_count=1&mlb_s_url1=http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/boxscore?gameId=320801110&mlb_s_left2=^Chicago Sox 3 Minnesota 2 (FINAL)&mlb_s_right2_1=W: Peavy L: Diamond S: Reed&mlb_s_right2_count=1&mlb_s_url2=http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/boxscore?gameId=320801109
I am hoping to split it apart by home team (first city), home score (first digit), away team (second city), away score (second digit), and where in the game it is (in parenthesis). This is the RegEx I have currently, but am feeling is very wrong.
preg_match_all('/mlb_s_left[0-9]=(?P<hometeam>.*?) (?P<homescore>.*?) (?P<awayteam>.*?) (?P<awayscore>.*?)\((?P<time>.*?)\)/', $content, $matches);
I would appreciate any and all help in getting this working.
I have tested following code snippet in php 5.4.5:
<?php
$foo = 'mlb_s_left1=Baltimore 3 ^NY Yankees 12 (FINAL)&mlb_s_right1_1=W: Hughes L: Britton&mlb_s_right1_count=1&mlb_s_url1=http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/boxscore?gameId=320801110&mlb_s_left2=^Chicago Sox 3 Minnesota 2 (FINAL)&mlb_s_right2_1=W: Peavy L: Diamond S: Reed&mlb_s_right2_count=1&mlb_s_url2=http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/boxscore?gameId=320801109';
preg_match_all('/mlb_s_left\d=\^?(?P<hometeam>[a-zA-Z]+(?:\s+[a-zA-Z]+)*)\s+(?P<homescore>\d+)\s+\^?(?P<awayteam>[a-zA-Z]+(?:\s+[a-zA-Z]+)*)\s+(?P<awayscore>\d+)\s+\((?P<time>\w+)\)/', $foo, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER);
print_r($matches);
?>
output:
Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[0] => mlb_s_left1=Baltimore 3 ^NY Yankees 12 (FINAL)
[hometeam] => Baltimore
[1] => Baltimore
[homescore] => 3
[2] => 3
[awayteam] => NY Yankees
[3] => NY Yankees
[awayscore] => 12
[4] => 12
[time] => FINAL
[5] => FINAL
)
[1] => Array
(
[0] => mlb_s_left2=^Chicago Sox 3 Minnesota 2 (FINAL)
[hometeam] => Chicago Sox
[1] => Chicago Sox
[homescore] => 3
[2] => 3
[awayteam] => Minnesota
[3] => Minnesota
[awayscore] => 2
[4] => 2
[time] => FINAL
[5] => FINAL
)
)
Something like this should get you close.
preg_match_all('/mlb_s_left\d+=(?P<hometeam>\D+)\s+(?P<homescore>\d+)\s+(?P<awayteam>\D+)\s+(?P<awayscore>\d+)\s*\((?P<time>[^)]+)\)/',
$content, $matches);
Note that \d matches any digit, and \D matches anything that is not a digit.
[^)]+ matches one or more non-close parens characters; \s+ matches one or more whitespace chars, and \s* matches zero or more whitespace characters.
This wouldn't work very well if you have a city name with a number in it, and if you have a huge string, it's possible it could get hung up somewhere; you might consider splitting it up and matching a bit more piecemeal.
Generally speaking I would avoid .*? as a pattern match, as it basically matches almost anything. It's best for your regular expression to be as specific as possible, based on what you know about the data.