How do you insert something into mysql using pdo using WHERE - php

So I am trying to change the status of something when values are met using WHERE
Code:
$insertstatus = $DBH->prepare("INSERT INTO
csvdata (status) VALUES ('$status') WHERE username = '".$username."'");
$insertstatus->execute();
Not working. If you could give me a hand.
Thank you for your time!

If you want to use the where clause, you need to use update. From the looks of it, you are trying to update anyhow as you are only using one column from your table.
$insertstatus = $DBH->prepare("update
csvdata set status= '$status' WHERE username = '".$username."'");
$insertstatus->execute();
As PeeHaa correctly points out though, using a prepared statement with parameters would be a slight change in your code, and a better option for you. You can do it like this:
$sql="update csvdata set status=:status where username=:username";
$sth=$DBH->prepare($sql);
$sth->execute(array(':status' => $status, ':username' => $username));
This way you are preparing the statement so the database knows what will happen. You then pass the variables to the database via the execute() function in an array.

Related

Inserting record if the ID is not in the database and update it elsewise

I'm trying to insert data into my database. I'm able to insert it using INSERT INTO. However I want to check, if the database already has the ID and if it has I want it to just update the records.
$check = $db->query("SELECT Fuid FROM users WHERE Fuid='$fuid_db'");
//IF the user is new
if(empty($check))
{
$insert = $db->query("INSERT INTO users (Fuid, Ffname, Femail) VALUES ('$fuid_db', '$ffname_db', '$femail_db'");
}
else
{
//ELSE update the information
$update = $db->query("UPDATE users SET Ffname='$ffname_db', Femail='$femail_db' WHERE Fuid='$fuid_db'");
}
How come this is not working? I'm using ERROR_REPORTING(E_ALL),
but I'm not getting any errors. It seems like the issue is the "checking" before inserting. Without the checking part it works fine but now it's not inserting anything.
The Problem
$db->query() returns an (maybe empty) mysqli_result object. So empty($check) evaluates to false (since empty($var) returns true only if $var is zero, false, an empty string, an empty array or null) and thus an UPDATE is performed, no matter if there is a corresponding id or not.
To check if there is a record you have to use $check->num_rows to get the number of records containing the id.
Better
The ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE command should work for you.
INSERT INTO users (Fuid, Ffname, Femail)
VALUES ('$fuid_db', '$ffname_db', '$femail_db')
ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE users
SET Ffname = '$ffname_db', Femail = '$femail_db'
This way you don't have to make a SELECT first, so you reduce the number of database calls.
Notice: This only works, if Fuid is set as a unique key (or primary key).
Security
The way you use the SQL commands is vulnerable to SQL injection. You should use prepared statements.
Using prepared statements, your code would look like this:
$stmt = $db->prepare("INSERT INTO users (Fuid, Ffname, Femail)
VALUES (?, ?, ?)
ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE users
SET Ffname = ?, Femail = ?");
$stmt->bind_param('issss',$fuid_db,$ffname_db, $femail_db,$ffname_db, $femail_db)
$stmt->execute();
First and foremost, for security reasons you should not insert value that way.
But if we ignore it for now, you can instead use ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE as below provided that Fuid is a primary key
INSERT INTO users (Fuid, Ffname, Femail) VALUES ('$fuid_db', '$ffname_db', '$femail_db')
ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE users SET Ffname = '$ffname_db', Femail = '$femail_db'

Issues with prepared statements / bindValue

So I have the following code, mostly adapted from examples from php.net's SQLite3 prepare statement page.
$stmt = $db->prepare("INSERT INTO users ( accesstoken, authed, ckey, staff) VALUES (':password', 'false', ':ckey' ,'true');");
$stmt->bindValue(':ckey',$_POST["ckey"]);
$hashedpw = password_hash($veri_password, PASSWORD_DEFAULT);
$stmt->bindValue(':password',$hashedpw);
$result = $stmt->execute();
I figured it would work, however when I review the database manually I see this:
:ckey, :password, false, false as the row that was inserted.
I can't seem to fix it either, I tried removing the quotes around it and threw an error instead. I swapped the quote types and either got an undefined column or some other error.
Here is a snip of the code right before that:
$stmt = $db->prepare("select * from `users` WHERE ckey = :ckey");
$stmt->bindValue(":ckey",$_POST["ckey"]);
$result = $stmt->execute();
That works just fine however it is a select query rather than a insert and it only has one value to bind. I've looked at about least 10-15 related questions and still can't solve it, one suggested using ' instead of " but that didn't solve it another suggested using ? instead of :ckey and that left me with question marks inside of my database (how fitting) and I still have not been able to resolve it.
The issue is with the quotes change
$stmt = $db->prepare("INSERT INTO users ( accesstoken, authed, ckey, staff) VALUES (':password', 'false', ':ckey' ,'true');");
to
$stmt = $db->prepare("INSERT INTO `users` ( accesstoken, authed, ckey, staff) VALUES (:password, 0, :ckey ,1)");
Credit to Cfreak

Can While Loop be used for Error Catching?

I am using try catch algorithm when inserting a record to a MySQL table. My scripting language is PHP.
try {
/*
UDID generation algo goes here.
*/
$sql = "INSERT INTO tablex (udid, name)
VALUES ('$udid', 'Doe')";
$conn->exec($sql);
echo "New record created";
}
catch(PDOException $e)
{
echo "Error"
}
$conn = null;
How do I re-write the above so that instead of try catch, I use a loop. If there is an error, try again. Break out of the loop if there is no error.
There is "While True" but I don't know if the "Try Catch" should be part of the While True loop..
The purpose of this is to save a UDID - the unique value is set in MYSQL. If I generate the same value, I may get the error. Hence, why the loop.
I feel like you're going about this the wrong way. Instead of trying to insert a value that might not be unique, I would try to see if that value exists first. You could perform a query such as
do {
//$udid = create uuid
$query = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM tablex WHERE udid = :udid";
$statement = $pdo->prepare($query);
$statement->bindValue("udid", $udid);
$result = $statement->fetchAll();
} while ($result["count"] === 1);
//insert row into table
This is just off the top of my head and it can be refactored even better. You could also leverage your database to generate the UDID for you if you prefer. You could run a query to get all of the udid's from your table and just run in_array to check to see if the value is there, then you're only hitting your database twice. Anyway, you really don't want to try to abuse a try catch like that.
mysql has a function for something like this you would add an "ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE" to your insert statement
Example:
INSERT INTO table(x, y, z) values (?, ?, ?) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE x=?;
Also see this link for more info:
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/insert-on-duplicate.html

PDO MYSQL Update Only If Different

I have a web program which allows the administrator to update a user's information... With that being said, I only want columns updated which have indeed been 'updated'...
I have done quite a bit of researching on this and it seems that all methods use outdated querys, which do not make use of the prepare statement to escape input...
Can someone please help me with the statement?
Essentially in psuedocode:
Update FIRSTNAME if $editedUserdata['firstname'] != FIRSTNAME, LASTNAME if $editedUserData['lastname'] != LASTNAME ...etc...
Here is what I have for the post code...
$password = sha1($password);
$editedUserData = array(
'firstname' => $firstname,
'lastname' => $lastname,
'username' => $username,
'password' => $password,
'cellphone' => $cellphone,
'security_level' => $seclvl,
'email' => $email,
'direct_phone' => $direct,
'ext_num' => $extension,
'is_active' => $userflag
);
Then it should be something like
$query = $this->db->prepare('UPDATE FIRSTNAME if(?) IS NOT FIRSTNAME, LASTNAME if(?) IS NOT LASTNAME, USERNAME if (?) IS NOT USERNAME.... VALUES (:firstname, :lastname, :username).....'
if ($query -> execute($editedUserData)) {
more code....
According to MySQL documentation -
Ref: (http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/update.html)
"If you set a column to the value it currently has,
MySQL notices this and does not update it."
Maybe I'm not understanding the problem which you're trying to solve but you don't have to test if field value did change.
If field value is "A" and you put there an "A" it will remain the same otherwise, if you put there a "B" it will be updated as expected
The prepared statement would be something like
$stmt = $dbh->prepare("
UPDATE table_name
SET
field1 = :value1,
field2 = :value2
WHERE
field0 = :key
");
$stmt->bindParam(':value1', $value1, PDO::PARAM_STR);
$stmt->bindParam(':value2', $value2, PDO::PARAM_STR);
$stmt->bindParam(':key', $key, PDO::PARAM_INT);
$stmt->execute()
Run a single statement to update the row.
Firstly, what's the unique identifier for a row in the users table, is there a unique userid or username? You'll want a WHERE clause on the UPDATE statement so that only that row will be updated.
The normative pattern for an UPDATE statement to update several columns in a single row is like this:
UPDATE users
SET col2 = 'value'
, col3 = 'another value'
, col4 = 'fi'
WHERE idcol = idvalue ;
To use a prepared statement with PDO, the SQL text could look something like this, if you use named placeholders:
UPDATE users
SET col2 = :col2_value
, col3 = :col3_value
, col4 = :col4_value
WHERE idcol = :id_value
Or this, if you use positional notation for the placeholders:
UPDATE users
SET col2 = ?
, col3 = ?
, col4 = ?
WHERE idcol = ?
(My personal preference is to use the named placeholders, rather than positional, but either will work.)
This is how I'd do it, run the prepare, then the bind_param, and then the execute.
$sql = "UPDATE users
SET col2 = :col2_value
, col3 = :col3_value
, col4 = :col4_value
WHERE idcol = :id_value ";
$stmt = $dbh->prepare($sql);
$stmt->bindParam(':col2_value', $col2_val, PDO::PARAM_STR);
$stmt->bindParam(':col3_value', $col3_val, PDO::PARAM_STR);
$stmt->bindParam(':col4_value', $col4_val, PDO::PARAM_STR);
$stmt->bindParam(':id_value' , $id_val, PDO::PARAM_STR);
$stmt->execute();
To do something different, to dynamically create the SQL text, and adjust the bindParam calls, that would add unnecessary complexity to the code. There's no performance advantage to doing that; when that UPDATE statement runs, MySQL has to lock the row, store a new copy of the row. It doesn't really save anything (aside from a few bytes of data transfer) to avoid sending a column value that hasn't changed.
If you realy want to use cases, read this.
There is no reason to do it in your case, as stated from #spencer7593 in the comments:
That's WAY more overhead... roundtrips to the database, parsing the
statement, developing an execution plan, executing the statement,
obtaining locks, returning a status, client checking the status, etc.
That's just seems an all-around inefficient approach.
I assume that any RDBMS is smart enough, to notice, that Caches etc should not be recalculated (if nothing changes), if that is the problem.

insert a record or if exist then update in mysql doesnt work

i want that if a record doesnt exist i add it otherwise update it... but it doesnt work, whats the wrong with this code:
<?php
$user_id=$_POST['user_id'];
$user_email="user_email";
$last_stage=$_POST['last_stage'];
$score=$_POST['score'];
$note=$_POST['note'];
$con=mysqli_connect("localhost","ferfer","Drfrj","ferfw");
$result = mysqli_query($con,"SELECT user_email FROM rating WHERE user_email='".$user_email."'");
$num_rows = mysqli_num_rows($result);
if ($num_rows > 0) {
//echo "exist";
mysqli_query($con,"UPDATE rating SET user_id=".$user_id.", user_email='".$user_email."', last_stage=".$last_stage.", score=".$score.", note='".$note."' WHERE user_email='".$user_email."'";
mysqli_close($con);
}else{
//echo "does not exist";
mysqli_query($con,"INSERT INTO rating(user_id, user_email, last_stage, score, note)VALUES (".$user_id.",'".$user_email."',".$last_stage.",".$score.",'".$note."') ");
mysqli_close($con);
}
?>
You can actually do it in a single query since MySQL has implemented INSERT ... ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE which basically INSERTs a record if it does not exists otherwise UPDATEs it.
The first thing you need to do is to add a UNIQUE column on the table. In your example I see that user_email is the column you are searching for existence. If this is not unique, you need to alter the table for UNIQUE constraint
ALTER TABLE rating ADD CONSTRAINT tb_uq UNIQUE(user_email)
after it has been implement, build a query like this,
INSERT INTO rating(user_id, user_email, last_stage, score, note)
VALUES($user_id, '$user_email', last_stage, score, '$note')
ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE
user_id = $user_id,
last_stage = $last_stage,
score = $score,
note= '$note'
As a sidenote, the query is vulnerable with SQL Injection if the value(s) of the variables came from the outside. Please take a look at the article below to learn how to prevent from it. By using PreparedStatements you can get rid of using single quotes around values.
How to prevent SQL injection in PHP?
$user_email="user_email";
should be changed to
$user_email=$_POST['user_email'];
And missing ( simbol, as #Yogesh Suthar said. You should also consider escaping characters in strings, using i.e. mysql_real_escape_string function.
you forgot ) here
mysqli_query($con,"UPDATE rating SET user_id=".$user_id.", user_email='".$user_email."', last_stage=".$last_stage.", score=".$score.", note='".$note."'
WHERE user_email='".$user_email."'");
^ // here
Better way is to use
REPLACE INTO `rating` (user_id,user_email,last_stage,score,note)
VALUES(#user_id,#user_email,#last_stage,#score,#note) WHERE user_email=#email
use also binding and prepared statements to make it more secure. Your code is very insecure because you have nor escape functions neither casting.
Example of using binding with PHP. $dbh is PDO object.
$stmt = $dbh->prepare("REPLACE INTO `rating` (user_id,user_email,last_stage,score,note)
VALUES(#user_id,#user_email,#last_stage,#score,#note) WHERE user_email=#email");
$stmt->bindParam('#name', (int)$user_id);
$stmt->bindParam('#user_email', $user_email);
$stmt->bindParam('#last_stage', $last_stage);
$stmt->bindParam('#score', $score);
$stmt->bindParam('#note', $note);
more on http://pl1.php.net/pdo
with binding you don't have to escape strings because it goes straight into the database layer without it having to be crudely spliced into the SQL statement.
The MySQL REPLACE statement works like the INSERT statement with the additional rules:
If the record which you want to insert does not exist, the MySQL REPLACE inserts a new record.
If the record which you want to insert already exists, MySQL REPLACE deletes the old record first and then insert a new record.
$user_email="user_email"; should be $user_email=$_POST["user_email"];

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