PHP array MySQL rows and columns? - php

I have a MySQL table that contains the following columns:
id : title : message : date
1 : blah : blah : 27/12/2012
And I have queried it and stored it in an array. How do I get the individual columns if a certain ID. For example, I want to get the row where ID = 1 and get the title, message etc. And then I want row 2 and row 3. How do I get the information out of an array. Like
$array[1]["date"]; ( I tried it and it never worked)

You basicly need to fetch the result as a associative array and loop through all the results. All your results will be in the form of
array(
'id' => 1,
'title' => 'blah',
'message' => 'blah',
'date' => '27/12/2012'
);
example for mysqli implementation of this: Mysqli Fetch Assoc Documentation

$array = array();
while ($row = fetch_assoc($result)) { // use your favorite fetch method here
$array[$row['id']] = $row;
}
echo $array[1]["date"]; // now will work (if you have such id)

Related

Find the position inside this Yii 2 query

I have this following Yii 2 query
$find = People::find()->where(['c_id' => $c_id])->orderBy('totals DESC, id DESC')->all();
So imagine this query was an array. Everything found by this query has an "id" attribute.
Since it's sorted by "totals", I essentially want to return the position in the array where I can find this specific id.
Currently, I'm using this code.
foreach ($find as $t) {
$arr[] = $t->id;
if ($t->id == $id) {
break;
}
}
$key = count($arr);
return $key;
However, this code is vany wayow on a 100k+ result query.
Is there anyway to speed this up?
You could get the result as an array (instead of object) as
$find = People::find()->where(['c_id' => $c_id])
->orderBy('totals DESC, id DESC')
->asArray()
->all();
then you could find your value using array_search()
$my_index = array_search($id,$find);
but for 100k+ you should find using a direct select in db...instead tha looping on php or load all in php and scan with array_search()
To get array from query in YII, you can use queryAll();
$find = People::find()->where(['c_id' => $c_id])->orderBy('totals DESC, id DESC')->queryAll();
OR, another way to convert the object into an array is:
$find = json_decode(json_encode($find), true); // to convert all data into array.
And once you get results in array, you can implement the actual code for your requirement as given below.
You can use array_search() function to get index of your value.
$a=array("a"=>"red","b"=>"green","c"=>"blue");
echo array_search("red",$a);
The array_search() function search an array for a value and returns the key.
Maybe I didn't understand you correctly but I assume that you are trying to detect the index or key for your desired id inside an array returned from an SQL query that is sorted by some other column like total.
So let us fetch records from the database with your query with a little change asArray() like this
$find = People::find()
->where(['c_id' => $c_id])
->orderBy('totals DESC, id DESC')
->asArray()
->all();
in the result, let us assume the People table returns you an array with the following dataset ordered by columns total and id DESC.
[
0 => [
'id' => 2 ,
'c_id'=>2,
'name' => 'John' ,
'age'=>18,
'totals'=>100,
],
1=>[
'id'=>1,
'c_id'=>55,
'name'=>'Bob',
'age'=>20,
'totals'=>80,
],
2=>[
'id'=>3,
'c_id'=>85,
'name'=>'Peter',
'age'=>15,
'totals'=>75,
]
];
Now if you look into \yii\helpers\ArrayHelper you will find ArrayHelper::getColumn().
Let us use this on the array we received from the query, I assume that you are searching $id inside the column id so we will first filter out the id column like below.
$idsArray = ArrayHelper::getColumn($find, 'id');
this will give us the ids in the following sequence which is in the same order as the initial result set.
[2,1,3]
then lets use the built-in php function array_search()
$key=array_search($yourId,$idsArray);
Hope this is what you are looking for.

What does the $this->db->select portion of the CI Active Record API do?

I have code like this:
$this->db->select('title')->from('entries')->where('id', 1);
$query = $this->db->get();
echo $query->row('title');
Which echoes the title from the entries table where the id is equal to 1.
Why doesn't it work without the 'title in row function?
echo $query->row();
As it returns the first row?
Why do I have to have 'title' in both places ($query->row and $this->db->select), in order for this to work? It doesn't make sense to me.
Can anybody explain how this works, supposedly provide with alternative ways to get the value from the database?
$this->db->select('title')->from('entries')->where('id', 1);
Generates
SELECT title FROM entries WHERE id = 1
$query retrieves the result in an array:
array( [0] => array( [title] => 'your title' ))
row('title') returns the title column from the first row of your result array.
The reason you need to tell it which column to get is because row and get can be used with many columns.

join decomposition inside PHP

I came across an article about Join decomposition.
SCENARIO #1 (Not good):
Select * from tag
Join tag_post ON tag_post.tag_id=tag.id
Join post ON tag_post.post_id=post.id
Where tag.tag='mysql'
SCENARIO #2 (good):
Select * from tag where tag='mysql'
Select * from tag_post Where tag_id=1234
Select * from post where post.id in (123,456,9098,545)
It was suggested to stick to scenario #2 for many reasons specially caching.
The question is how to join inside our application. Could u give us an example with PHP
after retrieving them individually?
(I have read MyISAM Performance: Join Decomposition?
but it did not help)
You COULD use an SQL subselect (if I understand your question). Using PHP would be rather odd while SQL has all the capabilities.
SELECT *
FROM `post`
WHERE `id` IN (
SELECT `post_id`
FROM `tag_post`
WHERE `tag_id` = (
SELECT `tag_id`
FROM `tag`
WHERE `tag` = 'mysql'
)
)
I'm not sure how your database structure looks like, but this should get you started. It's pretty much SQL inception. A query within a query. You can select data using the result of a subselect.
Please, before copying this SQL and telling me it's not working, verify all table and column names.
Before anyone starts to cry about speed, caching and efficiency: I think this is rather efficient. Instead of selecting ALL data and loop through it using PHP you can just select smaller bits using native SQL as it was ment to be used.
Again, I highly discourage to use PHP to get specific data. SQL is all you need.
edit: here's your script
Assuming you have some multi-dimensional arrays containing all data:
// dummy results
// table tag
$tags = array(
// first record
array(
'id' => 0,
'tag' => 'mysql'
),
// second record
array(
'id' => 1,
'tag' => 'php'
)
// etc
);
// table tag_post
$tag_posts = array(
// first record
array(
'id' => 0,
'post_id' => 0, // post #1
'tag_id' => 0 // has tag mysql
),
// second record
array(
'id' => 1,
'post_id' => 1, // post #2
'tag_id' => 0 // has tag mysql
),
// second record
array(
'id' => 2,
'post_id' => 2, // post #3
'tag_id' => 1 // has tag mysql
)
// etc
);
// table post
$posts = array(
// first record
array(
'id' => 0,
'content' => 'content post #1'
),
// second record
array(
'id' => 1,
'content' => 'content post #2'
),
// third record
array(
'id' => 2,
'content' => 'content post #3'
)
// etc
);
// searching for tag
$tag = 'mysql';
$tagid = -1;
$postids = array();
$results = array();
// first get the id of this tag
foreach($tags as $key => $value) {
if($value['tag'] === $tag) {
// set the id of the tag
$tagid = $value['id'];
// theres only one possible id, so we break the loop
break;
}
}
// get post ids using the tag id
if($tagid > -1) { // verify if a tag id was found
foreach($tag_posts as $key => $value) {
if($value['tag_id'] === $tagid) {
// add post id to post ids
$postids[] = $value['post_id'];
}
}
}
// finally get post content
if(count($postids) > 0) { //verify if some posts were found
foreach($posts as $key => $value) {
// check if the id of the post can be found in the posts ids we have found
if(in_array($value['id'], $postids)) {
// add all data of the post to result
$results[] = $value;
}
}
}
If you look at the length of the script above, this is exactly why I'd stick to SQL.
Now, as I recall, you wanted to join using PHP, rather doing it in SQL. This is not a join but getting results using some arrays. I know, but a join would only be a waste of time and less efficient than just leaving all results as they are.
edit: 21-12-12 as result of comments below
I've done a little benchmark and the results are quite stunning:
DATABASE RECORDS:
tags: 10
posts: 1000
tag_posts: 1000 (every post has 1 random tag)
Selecting all posts with a specific tag resulted in 82 records.
SUBSELECT RESULTS:
run time: 0.772885084152
bytes downloaded from database: 3417
PHP RESULTS:
run time: 0.086599111557
bytes downloaded from database: 48644
Please note that the benchmark had both the application as the database on the
same host. If you use different hosts for the application and the database layer,
the PHP result could end up taking longer because naturally sending data between
two hosts will take much more time then when they're on the same host.
Even though the subselect returns much less data, the duration of the requests is nearly 10 times longer...
I've NEVER expected these results, so I'm convinced and I will certainly use this information when I know that performance is important however I will still use SQL for smaller operations hehe...

PHP Make a multidimensional array from one mysql Row's columns?

I have the following mysql db row.
id | user_id | title_1|desc_1|link_1|title_2|desc_2|link_2|
and so on up to 10
from this one row I want to remove id and user id and have the resulting multidimensional array.
the main issue is iterarating over the associative array that is returned by my query and splitting it up into arrays of 3.
Array = (
[0] = array (
[tite_1] => 'sometitle'
[desc_1] => 'description'
[link_1] => 'a link'
)
[1] = array (
[tite_2] => 'sometitle'
[desc_2] => 'description'
[link_2] => 'a link'
)
and so on how can I achieve this I am stumped!!?
You probably want to structure your table into two tables like this:
parent(id, user_id, more_fields, whatever_you_need_here)
child(parent_id, title, desc, link)
Now it'll be very easy to get the data that you want to have.
SELECT title, desc, link FROM child WHERE parent_id = 12;
Of course, parent and child should be named appropriately, e.g. user and links.
The correct answer would be to redesign your database to use 3rd normal form. You should probably drop everything and read up on database normalization before you do anything further.
A proper design would be something like:
CREATE TABLE user_has_links (
id INT PRIMARY KEY,
user_id INT,
title TEXT,
description TEXT,
link TEXT
)
To store multiple links per user, you would simply create a new row in this table per link.
The real solution here is to fix your database to normalize these columns into other tables. However, if you are not in a position to fix your database, this code will do the job:
// $output will hold your full result set
$output = array();
while ($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($result)) {
// For each row returned, add a new array to $output
$output[] = array(
// The new array consists of 10 sub-arrays with the correct
// keys and values
array (
"title"=>$row['title1'],
"desc"=>$row['desc1'],
"link"=>$row['link1']
),
array (
"title"=>$row['title2'],
"desc"=>$row['desc2'],
"link"=>$row['link2']
),
...,
...,
array (
"title"=>$row['title10'],
"desc"=>$row['desc10'],
"link"=>$row['link10']
)
);
}

How to create php array from mysql result, perform calculation, resort array, present results

I have a photo website on which I am trying to perform a query against a MySQL database. The query is against a concatenated field of 'title' and 'keyword' called 'title_keyword'.
I want to take the search results and sort them by a newly formed variable called 'sort_priority' which is checking to see if the search word is in the 'title' field. If it is in the 'title' field then I want to assign a value of 1 and if not in the title field then a value of 2. The resulting array will be sorted by 'sort_priority' and output to the screen.
Here is the logic I am using with PHP and MySQL:
1) Query the MySQL database and assign variables. (This works just fine)
2) Take the results, assign each field to a variable, create a new variable that performs a calculation on one of the variables returned
$data_array=array();
// get each row
while($row = mysql_fetch_array($result))
{
//get data
$image_id = "{$row['image_id']}";
$title = "{$row['title']}";
$imageurl = "{$row['imageurl']}";
// Create sort_priority to identify if search word is in title field.
//If it is then set to 1 to force this higher in the result list after sorting
$sort_priority = 2;
if(stristr($title,$search))
{ $sort_priority = 1;}
Everything above this point works. Now for the part I'm stumped on. How to create and add data to the array and then sort on my new $sort_priority variable.
Here is what I've written but it just doesn't work**
// Create array and sort by title then keyword (tk_sort)
$data_array = array(
'image_id' => $image_id,
'title' => $title,
'imageurl' => $imageurl,
'sort_priority' => $sort_priority);
// Obtain a list of columns
foreach ($data_array as $key => $row) {
$image_id[$key] = $row['image_id'];
$title[$key] = $row['atitle'];
$imageurl[$key] = $row['imageurl'];
$sort_priority[$key] = $row['sort_priority'];
}
// Sort the data with volume descending, edition ascending
// Add $data as the last parameter, to sort by the common key
array_multisort($sort_priority, SORT_ASC);
// end of array creation and sort
3) Output the newly sorted array to a table
Not sure how to get the data out of it. Do I have to use a loop or something?
You could just let MySQL do the majority of the work. This should work (haven't tried it myself):
SELECT CONCAT_WS('-', `title`, `keyword`) AS search_term,
IF( INSTR(`search_term`, 'your_search_value_here') > 0, 1, 2 ) AS priority_key,
`image_id`, `imageurl`
FROM table_name_here
ORDER BY `priority_key`;
HTH.

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