Can't Migrate Foreign Key - php

Question

Here is Vehicles migrate :
public function up()
{
Schema::create('Vehicles', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->increments('serie');
$table->string('color');
$table->integer('power');
$table->float('capacity');
$table->float('speed');
$table->integer('maker_id')->unsigned();
$table->timestamps();
});
Schema::table('Vehicles', function (Blueprint $table){
$table->foreign('maker_id')->references('id')->on('Makers');
});
}
Here is Makers Migrate :
public function up()
{
Schema::create('Makers', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->increments('id');
$table->string('name');
$table->integer('phone');
$table->timestamps();
});
}
When I run artisan migrate , I got following error messages.
[Illuminate\Database\QueryException]
SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1005 Can't create table `api`.`#sql-14b0_71
` (errno: 150 "Foreign key constraint is incorrectly formed") (SQL: alter t
able `Vehicles` add constraint `vehicles_maker_id_foreign` foreign key (`ma
ker_id`) references `Makers` (`id`))
[PDOException]
SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1005 Can't create table `api`.`#sql-14b0_71
` (errno: 150 "Foreign key constraint is incorrectly formed")
I want to create two tables: Vehicles & Makers . In vehicles , maker_id is foreign key . I read the some references for laravel migration from various sources. But I can't find solution.

Answer 1

Pay attention to your migration files order, you have two solutions:
Change order: make Makers Migrate file first then Vehicles Migrate.
If Makers Migrate file comes after Vehicles Migrate file and you don't want to change order, move this:
Schema::table('Vehicles', function (Blueprint $table){
$table->foreign('maker_id')->references('id')->on('Makers');
});
To Makers Migrate file.

Answer 2

Now I delete makers migrate file and I run vehicles migrate file . Below is vehicles migrate file.
public function up()
{
Schema::create('Vehicles', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->increments('serie');
$table->string('color');
$table->integer('power');
$table->float('capacity');
$table->float('speed');
$table->integer('maker_id')->unsigned();
$table->timestamps();
});
}
But I got the below errors
PHP Fatal error: Cannot redeclare class CreateVehicleTable in C:\xampp\htdocs\m
yownapi\database\migrations\2016_07_05_190215_vehicles_table.php on line 35
[Symfony\Component\Debug\Exception\FatalErrorException]
Cannot redeclare class CreateVehicleTable

Answer 3

Now it is work properly with below codes
Makers Migrate
<?php
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
class MakersTable extends Migration
{
/**
* Run the migrations.
*
* #return void
*/
public function up()
{
Schema::create('Makers', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->increments('id');
$table->string('name');
$table->integer('phone');
$table->timestamps();
});
Schema::table('Vehicles', function(Blueprint $table){
$table->foreign('maker_id')->references('id')->on('makers');
});
}
/**
* Reverse the migrations.
*
* #return void
*/
public function down()
{
Schema::drop('Makers');
}
}
Vehicles Migrate
<?php
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
class VehiclesTable extends Migration
{
/**
* Run the migrations.
*
* #return void
*/
public function up()
{
Schema::create('Vehicles', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->increments('serie');
$table->string('color');
$table->float('power');
$table->float('capacity');
$table->integer('maker_id')->unsigned();
$table->timestamps();
});
}
/**
* Reverse the migrations.
*
* #return void
*/
public function down()
{
Schema::drop('Vehicles');
}
}

Answer 4

There is a simple way to do this. From your Vehicles migration, make the following changes
public function up()
{
Schema::create('Vehicles', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->increments('serie');
$table->string('color');
$table->integer('power');
$table->float('capacity');
$table->float('speed');
$table->integer('maker_id')
$table->foreign('maker_id')
->references('id')->on('Makers');
$table->timestamps();
});
}
And since you will be adding the values form the id column in Makers, Laravel already has got your back, so there is really no need to add the unsigned() property there. Its still Okay if you add it there.
Hope I have answered your question. For More Details