I have a little piece of code in PHP that returns certain key-value pairs based upon if a value contains /includes a specific value: Code Runnable number 1
$example = array('1'=>'if you dont','2'=>'if you like','3'=>'if you know');
$searchword = 'like';
$matches = array_filter($example, function($var) use ($searchword) { return preg_match("/\b$searchword\b/i", $var); });
print_r($matches);
The function works perfectly if the array's value's words are separated, like above. The above code will return an array with all the key-value pairs with a value that includes $searchword. However, if the array's value's words aren't separated, like the below, the function will seemingly not detect the word inside the value(that is inside the array), therefore returning a blank array: Code Runnable number 2
$example = array('1'=>'ifyoudont','2'=>'ifyoulike','3'=>'ifyouknow');
$searchword = 'like';
$matches = array_filter($example, function($var) use ($searchword) { return preg_match("/\b$searchword\b/i", $var); });
print_r($matches);
How could I make the code detect if a value inside an array includes a specific string, even if the value's contents aren't spaced? I have tried searching and many other solutions and nothing seems to be working.
REGEX in this scenario are overkill, instead you can use strpos:
$matches = array_filter($example, function($var) use ($searchword) { return strpos($var,$searchword) !== FALSE; });
Incidentally, you don't need to use array_filter. There's already a function that filters an array based on a pattern.
$matches = preg_grep("/$searchword/", $example);
But if you aren't going to be using word boundaries, I agree with the other answer that you don't need to use a regular expression at all.
Just get rid of the word boundary \b from your regex:
return preg_match("/$searchword/i")
Related
Is it possible use str_replace() and use function in replace?
$value = "gal($data)";
$replace = str_replace($dat, $value, $string);
gal($data) is a function and I need replace one code for this function and show, but the script only give me finally this gal($data), and the function no show nothing
Is it possible use str_replace() for replace code and replace by the function or some similar method?
PHP has a function called preg_replace_callback that does this. When you pass it a callback function, it will pass each match through your function. You can choose to replace, based upon the matched value, or ignore it.
As an example, suppose I have a pattern that matches various strings, such as [a-z]+. I may not want to replace every instance with the same value, so I can call a function upon eat match found, and determine how I ought to respond:
function callback ($match) {
if ($match[0] === "Jonathan")
return "Superman";
return $match[0];
}
$subject = "This is about Jonathan.";
$pattern = "/[a-z]+/i";
$results = preg_replace_callback($pattern, "callback", $subject);
// This is about Superman.
echo $results;
Note in our callback function how I am able to return special values for certain matches, and not all matches.
Expanding Abbreviations
Another example would be a lookup. Suppose we wanted to find abbreviations of programming languages, and replace them with their full titles. We may have an array that has abbreviations as keys, with long-names as values. We could then use our callback ability to lookup the full-length names:
function lookup ($match) {
$langs = Array(
"JS" => "JavaScript",
"CSS" => "Cascading Style Sheets",
"JSP" => "Java Server Pages"
);
return $langs[$match[0]] ?: $match[0];
}
$subject = "Does anybody know JS? Or CSS maybe? What about PHP?";
$pattern = "/(js|css|jsp)/i";
$results = preg_replace_callback($pattern, "lookup", $subject);
// Does anybody know JavaScript? Or Cascading Style Sheets maybe? What about PHP?
echo $results;
So every time our regular expression finds a match, it passes the match through lookup, and we can return the appropriate value, or the original value.
I want to replace all strings in square brackets ([]) with a randomly chosen item from an array that's named that string.
It's very similar to this issue, but with a twist, in that I want to replace different brackets' contents with strings from arrays named that.
An example should make this a bit clearer.
So say I've got the string
"This is a very [adjective] [noun], and this is a [adjective] [noun]."
And the variables:
$adjective = array("big","small","good","bad");
$noun = array("house","dog","car");
And we want it to return "This is a very big house, and this is a good dog." or whatever, by choosing randomly. That is, I want to write a PHP function that will replace each [string] with a randomly chosen item from the array named $string. For now it doesn't matter if by randomly choosing it ends up repeating choices, but it must make a fresh choice for each [] item.
I hope I've explained this clearly. If you get what I'm trying to achieve and can think of a better way to do it I'd be very grateful.
Algorithm
Match for this regex: (\[.*?\])
For each match group pick an item from the related array.
Replace in string by order.
Implementation
$string = "This is a very [adjective] [noun], and this is a [adjective] [noun].";
$adjective = array("big","small","good","bad");
$noun = array("house","dog","car");
// find matches against the regex and replaces them the callback function.
$result = preg_replace_callback(
// Matches parts to be replaced: '[adjective]', '[noun]'
'/(\[.*?\])/',
// Callback function. Use 'use()' or define arrays as 'global'
function($matches) use ($adjective, $noun) {
// Remove square brackets from the match
// then use it as variable name
$array = ${trim($matches[1],"[]")};
// Pick an item from the related array whichever.
return $array[array_rand($array)];
},
// Input string to search in.
$string
);
print $result;
Explanation
preg_replace_callback function performs a regular expression search and replace using provided callback function.
First parameter is regular expression to match (enclosed between slashes): /(\[.*?\])/
Second parameter is callback function to call for each match. Takes the current match as parameter.
We have to use use() here to access the arrays from inside the function, or define the arrays as global: global $adjective = .... Namely, we have to do one of the followings:
a) Define arrays as global:
...
global $adjective = array("big","small","good","bad");
global $noun = array("house","dog","car");
...
function($matches) {
...
b) Use use:
...
$adjective = array("big","small","good","bad");
$noun = array("house","dog","car");
...
function($matches) use ($adjective, $noun) {
...
First line of the callback function:
trim: Removes square brackets ([]) from the match using trim function.
${}: Creates a variable to use as array name with the match name. For example, if the $match is [noun] then trim($matches[1],"[]") returns noun (without brackets) and ${noun} becomes the array name: $noun. For more information on the topic, see variable variables.
Second line randomly picks an index number available for the $array and then returns the element at this position.
Third parameter is the input string.
The code below will do the work:
$string = "This is a very [adjective] [noun], and this is a [adjective] [noun]."
function replace_word ( $matches )
{
$replaces = array(
'[adjective]' => array("big", "small", "good", "bad"),
'[noun]' => array("house", "dog", "car")
);
return $replaces[$matches[0]][array_rand($replaces[ $matches[0] ])];
}
echo preg_replace_callback("(\[.*?\])", "replace_word", $string);
First, we regular expression match on the [something] parts of the word, and call the replace_word() callback function on it with preg_replace_callback(). This function has an internal $replaces two dimension deep array defined inside, each row defined in a [word type] => array('rep1', 'rep2', ...) format.
The tricky and a bit obfuscated line is the return $replaces[$matches[0]][array_rand($replaces[ $matches[0] ])];. If I chunk it down a bit, it'll be a lot more parsable for you:
$random = array_rand( $replaces[ $matches[0] ] );
$matches[0] is the word type, this is the key in the $replaces array we are searching for. This was found by regular expression in the original string. array_rand() basically selects one element of the array, and returns its numerical index. So $random right now is an integer somewhere between 0 and the (number of elements - 1) of the array containing the replaces.
return $replaces[ $matches[0] ][$random];
This will return the $randomth element from the replace array. In the code snippet, these two lines are put together into one line.
Showing one element only once
If you want disjunct elements (no two adjective or noun repeated twice), then you will need to do another trick. We will set the $replaces array to be defined not inside the replace_word() function, but outside it.
$GLOBALS['replaces'] = array(
'[adjective]' => array("big", "small", "good", "bad"),
'[noun]' => array("house", "dog", "car")
);
Inside the function, we will set the local $replaces variable to be a reference to the newly set array, with calling $replaces = &$GLOBALS['replaces'];. (The & operator sets it a reference, so everything we do with $replaces (remove and add elements, for example) modifies the original array too. Without it, it would only be a copy.)
And before arriving on the return line, we call unset() on the currently to-be-returned key.
unset($replaces[$matches[0]][array_rand($replaces[ $matches[0] ])]);
The function put together now looks like this:
function replace_word ( $matches )
{
$replaces = &$GLOBALS['replaces'];
unset($replaces[$matches[0]][array_rand($replaces[ $matches[0] ])]);
return $replaces[$matches[0]][array_rand($replaces[ $matches[0] ])];
}
And because $replaces is a reference to the global, the unset() updates the original array too. The next calling of replace_word() will not find the same replace again.
Be careful with the size of the array!
Strings containing more replace variables than the amount of replace values present will throw an Undefined index E_NOTICE. The following string won't work:
$string = "This is a very [adjective] [noun], and this is a [adjective] [noun]. This is also an [adjective] [noun] with an [adjective] [noun].";
One of the outputs look like the following, showing that we ran out of possible replaces:
This is a very big house, and this is a big house. This is also an small with an .
Another good (easier) method of doing this (not my solution)
https://stackoverflow.com/a/15773754/2183699
Using a foreach to check on which variables you want to replace and replacing them with
str_replace();
You can use preg_match and str_replace function to achive this goal.
First find the matches using preg_match function and then create search & replace array from the result.
Call str_replace function by passing the previous arrays as parameters.
This is my minor update to mmdemirbas' answer above. It lets you set the variables outside of the function (i.e. use globals, as said).
$result = preg_replace_callback(
// Matches parts to be replaced: '[adjective]', '[noun]'
'/(\[.*?\])/',
// Callback function. Use 'use()' or define arrays as 'global'
function($matches) use ($adjective, $noun) {
// Remove square brackets from the match
// then use it as variable name
$arrayname = trim($matches[1],"[]");
$array = $GLOBALS[$arrayname];
// Pick an item from the related array whichever.
return $array[array_rand($array)];
},
// Input string to search in.
$string
);
print $result;
I'm trying to figure out how I can compare values from an array against a particular string.
Basically my values look like chrisx001, chrisx002, chrisx003, chrisx004, bob001
I was looking at fnmatch() but I'm not sure this is the right choice, as what I want to do is keep chrisx--- but ignore bob--- so I need to wildcard the last bit, is there a means of doing this where I can be like
if($value == "chrisx%"){/*do something*/}
and if thats possible is it possible to double check the % value as int or similar in other cases?
Regex can tell you if a string starts with chrisx:
if (preg_match('/^chrisx/', $subject)) {
// Starts with chrisx
}
You can also capture the bit after chrisx:
preg_match('/^chrisx(.*)/', $subject, $matches);
echo $matches[1];
You could filter your array to return a second array of only those entries beginning whith 'chris' and then process that filtered array:
$testData = array ( 'chrisx001', 'chrisx002', 'chrisx003', 'chrisx004', 'bob001');
$testNeedle = 'chris';
$filtered = array_filter( $testData,
function($arrayEntry) use ($testNeedle) {
return (strpos($arrayEntry,$testNeedle) === 0);
}
);
var_dump($filtered);
I have a string like abcdefg123hijklm. I also have an array which contains several strings like [456, 123, 789].
I want to check if the number in the middle of abcdefg123hijklm exists in the array.
How can I do that? I guess in_array() won't work.
So you want to check if any substring of that particular string (lets call it $searchstring) is in the array?
If so you will need to iterate over the array and check for the substring:
foreach($array as $string)
{
if(strpos($searchstring, $string) !== false)
{
echo 'yes its in here';
break;
}
}
See: http://php.net/manual/en/function.strpos.php
If you want to check if a particular part of the String is in the array you will need to use substr() to separate that part of the string and then use in_array() to find it.
http://php.net/manual/en/function.substr.php
Another option would be to use regular expressions and implode, like so:
if (preg_match('/'.implode('|', $array).'/', $searchstring, $matches))
echo("Yes, the string '{$matches[0]}' was found in the search string.");
else
echo("None of the strings in the array were found in the search string.");
It's a bit less code, and I would expect it to be more efficient for large search strings or arrays, since the search string will only have to be parsed once, rather than once for every element of the array. (Although you do add the overhead of the implode.)
The one downside is that it doesn't return the array index of the matching string, so the loop might be a better option if you need that. However, you could also find it with the code above followed by
$match_index = array_search($matches[0], $array);
Edit: Note that this assumes you know your strings aren't going to contain regular expression special characters. For purely alphanumeric strings like your examples that will be true, but if you're going to have more complex strings you would have to escape them first. In that case the other solution using a loop would probably be simpler.
You can do it reversely. Assume your string is $string and array is $array.
foreach ($array as $value)
{
// strpos can return 0 as a first matched position, 0 == false but !== false
if (strpos($string, $value) !== false)
{
echo 'Matched value is ' . $value;
}
}
Use this to get your numbers
$re = "/(\d+)/";
$str = "abcdefg123hijklm";
preg_match($re, $str, $matches);
and ( 123 can be $matches[1] from above ):
preg_grep('/123/', $array);
http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.preg-grep.php
Please excuse my noob-iness!
I have a $string, and would like to see if it contains any one or more of a group of words, words link ct, fu, sl** ETC. So I was thinking I could do:
if(stristr("$input", "dirtyword1"))
{
$input = str_ireplace("$input", "thisWillReplaceDirtyWord");
}
elseif(stristr("$input", "dirtyWord1"))
{
$input = str_ireplace("$input", "thisWillReplaceDirtyWord2");
}
...ETC. BUT, I don't want to have to keep doing if/elseif/elseif/elseif/elseif...
Can't I just do a switch statement OR have an array, and then simply say something like?:
$dirtywords = { "f***", "c***", w****", "bit**" };
if(stristr("$input", "$dirtywords"))
{
$input = str_ireplace("$input", "thisWillReplaceDirtyWord");
}
I'd appreciate any help at all
Thank you
$dirty = array("fuc...", "pis..", "suc..");
$censored = array("f***", "p***", "s***");
$input= str_ireplace($dirty, $censored , $input);
Note, that you don't have to check stristr() to do a str_ireplace()
http://php.net/manual/en/function.str-ireplace.php
If search and replace are arrays, then str_ireplace() takes a value from each array and uses them to do search and replace on subject. If replace has fewer values than search, then an empty string is used for the rest of replacement values. If search is an array and replace is a string, then this replacement string is used for every value of search.
Surely not the best solution since I don't know too much PHP, but what about a loop ?
foreach (array("word1", "word2") as $word)
{
if(stristr("$input", $word))
{
$input = str_ireplace("$input", $word" "thisWillReplaceDirtyWord");
}
}
When you have several objects to test, think "loop" ;-)