how do I keep a certain number of elements in an array? - php

How do I keep a certain number of elements in an array?
function test($var)
{
if(is_array($_SESSION['myarray']) {
array_push($_SESSION['myarray'], $var);
}
}
test("hello");
I just want to keep 10 elements in array $a. So when I call test($var) it should push this value to array but keep the number to 10 by removing some elements from top of the array.

while (count($_SESSION['myarray'] > 10)
{
array_shift($_SESSION['myarray']);
}

I would do this:
function test($var) {
if (is_array($_SESSION['myarray']) {
array_push($_SESSION['myarray'], $var);
if (count($_SESSION['myarray']) > 10) {
$_SESSION['myarray'] = array_slice($_SESSION['myarray'], -10);
}
}
}
If there a more than 10 values in the array after adding the new one, take just the last 10 values.

You can use array_shift
if(count($_SESSION['myarray']) == 11))
array_shift($_SESSION['myarray']);

if(count($_SESSION["myarray"]) == 10)
{
$_SESSION["myarray"][9] = $var;
}
else
{
$_SESSION["myarray"][] = $var
}
That should do.

function array_10 (&$data, $value)
{
if (!is_array($data)) {
$data = array();
}
$count = array_push($data, $value);
if ($count > 10) {
array_shift($data);
}
}
Usage:
$data = array();
for ($i = 1; $i <= 15; $i++) {
array_10($data, $i);
print_r($data);
}

Related

Output even or non-even elements of an array?

There is a task. the function accepts the parameter 'odd' or 'even' - strings and array. And it returns the number of either odd or even elements in the array, depending on the parameter. Tell me where I was wrong?
function () {
$num = 'even';
$arr = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9];
in_array($num, $arr) {
if($num == 'even') {
return $arr % 2 == 0;
} else {
return $arr % 2 !== 0;
}
}
}
Here is your result. In your program, you are performing a modular operation on an entire array, which is not supported. You need to check each element of an array.
$result = [];
$num = 'even';
$arr = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9];
function _in_array($num, $arr) {
foreach($arr as $value){
if($num == 'even'){
if($value % 2 == 0){
$result[] = $value;
}
}else{
if($value % 2 != 0){
$result[] = $value;
}
}
}
return $result;
}

Find first duplicate in an array

Given an array a that contains only numbers in the range from 1 to a.length, find the first duplicate number for which the second occurrence has the minimal index. In other words, if there are more than 1 duplicated numbers, return the number for which the second occurrence has a smaller index than the second occurrence of the other number does. If there are no such elements, return -1.
My code:
function firstDuplicate($a) {
$unique = array_unique($a);
foreach ($a as $key => $val) {
if ($unique[$key] !== $val){
return $key;
}else{
return -1;
}
}
}
The code above will be OK when the input is [2, 4, 3, 5, 1] but if the input is [2, 1, 3, 5, 3, 2] the output is wrong. The second duplicate occurrence has a smaller index. The expected output should be 3.
How can I fix my code to output the correct result?
$arr = array(2,1,3,5,3,2);
function firstDuplicate($a) {
$res = -1;
for ($i = count($a); $i >= 1; --$i) {
for ($j = 0; $j < $i; ++$j) {
if ($a[$j] === $a[$i]) {
$res = $a[$j];
}
}
}
return $res;
}
var_dump(firstDuplicate($arr));
By traversing the array backwards, you will overwrite any previous duplicates with the new, lower-indexed one.
Note: this returns the value (not index), unless no duplicate is found. In that case, it returns -1.
// Return index of first found duplicate value in array
function firstDuplicate($a) {
$c_array = array_count_values($a);
foreach($c_array as $value=>$times)
{
if($times>1)
{
return array_search($value, $array);
}
}
return -1;
}
array_count_values() will count the duplicate values in the array for you then you just iterate over that until you find the first result with more then 1 and search for the first key in the original array matching that value.
Python3 Solution:
def firstDuplicate(a):
mySet = set()
for i in range(len(a)):
if a[i] in mySet:
return a[i]
else:
mySet.add(a[i])
return -1
function firstDuplicate($a) {
foreach($a as $index => $value) {
$detector[] = $value;
$counter = 0;
foreach($detector as $item) {
if($item == $value) {
$counter++;
if($counter >= 2) {
return $value;
break;
}
}
}
}
return -1;
}
It's easy to just get the first number that will be checked as duplicated, but unfortunately, this function exceeded 4 seconds with a large array of data, so please using it with a small scale of array data.
EDIT
I have new own code fixes execution time for large array data
function firstDuplicate($a) {
$b = [];
$counts = array_count_values($a);
foreach($counts as $num => $duplication) {
if($duplication > 1) {
$b[] = $num;
}
}
foreach($a as $value) {
if(in_array($value, $b)) {
$detector[] = $value;
$counter = 0;
foreach($detector as $item) {
if($item == $value) {
$counter++;
if($counter >= 2) {
return $value;
break;
}
}
}
}
}
return -1;
}
The new code target the current numbers having a reputation only by using array_count_values()
function firstDuplicate($a) {
$indexNumber = -1;
for($i = count($a); $i >= 1 ; --$i){
for($k = 0; $k < $i; $k++){
if(isset($a[$i]) && ($a[$i] === $a[$k]) ){
$indexNumber = $a[$k];
}
}
}
return $indexNumber;
}
Remove error from undefined index array.

How to recursively combine array in php

I want to combine two arrays into a dictionary.
The keys will be the distinct values of the first array, the values will be all values from the second array, at matching index positions of the key.
<?php
$a=[2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10];
$b=[1,1,3,2,1,2,6,8,8];
?>
array_combine($b,$a);
Expected result as
<?php
/*
Value '1' occurs at index 0, 1 and 4 in $b
Those indices map to values 2, 3 and 6 in $a
*/
$result=[1=>[2,3,6],3=>4,2=>[5,7],6=>8,8=>[9,10]];
?>
There are quite a few PHP array functions. I'm not aware of one that solves your specific problem. you might be able to use some combination of built in php array functions but it might take you a while to weed through your choices and put them together in the correct way. I would just write my own function.
Something like this:
function myCustomArrayFormatter($array1, $array2) {
$result = array();
$num_occurrences = array_count_values($array1);
foreach ($array1 AS $key => $var) {
if ($num_occurrences[$var] > 1) {
$result[$var][] = $array2[$key];
} else {
$result[$var] = $array2[$key];
}
}
return $result;
}
hope that helps.
$a=[2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10];
$b=[1,1,3,2,1,2,6,8,8];
$results = array();
for ($x = 0; $x < count($b); $x++) {
$index = $b[$x];
if(array_key_exists ($index, $results)){
$temp = $results[$index];
}else{
$temp = array();
}
$temp[] = $a[$x];
$results[$index] = $temp;
}
print_r($results);
Here's one way to do this:
$res = [];
foreach ($b as $b_index => $b_val) {
if (!empty($res[$b_val])) {
if (is_array($res[$b_val])) {
$res[$b_val][] = $a[$b_index];
} else {
$res[$b_val] = [$res[$b_val], $a[$b_index]];
}
} else {
$res[$b_val] = $a[$b_index];
}
}
var_dump($res);
UPDATE: another way to do this:
$val_to_index = array_combine($a, $b);
$result = [];
foreach ($val_to_index as $value => $index) {
if(empty($result[$index])){
$result[$index] = $value;
} else if(is_array($result[$index])){
$result[$index][] = $value;
} else {
$result[$index] = [$result[$index], $value];
}
}
var_dump($result);

Checking a for progression in a list of variables

Let's say I want to check for simple mathematical progression. I understand I can do it like this:
if ($a<$b and $b<$c and $c<$d and $d<$e and $e<$f) { echo OK; }
Is there a way to do it in a more convenient way? Like so
if ($a..$f isprog(<)) { echo OK; }
I don 't know if I get your problem right. But propably the solution for your progression could be the SplHeap object of the SPL delivered with php.
$stack = new SplMaxHeap();
$stack->insert(1);
$stack->insert(3);
$stack->insert(2);
$stack->insert(4);
$stack->insert(5);
foreach ($stack as $value) {
echo $value . "\n";
}
// output will be: 5, 4, 3, 2, 1
I havent heard of something like this, but how about using simple function:
function checkProgress($vars){ //to make it easie i assume that vars can be given in an array
$result = true;
for ($i=0; $i<= count($vars); $i++){
if ($i>0 && $vars[$i] > $vars[$i-1]) continue;
$result = false;
}
return $result;
}
Solved it quick and dirty:
function ispositiveprogression($vars) {
$num=count($vars)-1;
while ($num) {
$result = true;
if ($vars[$num] > $vars[$num-1]) {
$num--;
}
else { $result = false; break; }
}
return $result;
}
Create an array of values, iterate over them and maintaining a flag that checks if the current element value is greater than / less than that of the next value. Unlike some of the solutions in this thread, this doesn't loop through the whole array. It stops looping when it discovers the first value that's not a progression. This will be a lot more faster if the operation involves a lot of numbers.
function checkIfProg($arr, $compare) {
$flag = true;
for ($i = 0, $c = count($arr); $i < $c; $i++) {
if ($compare == '<') {
if (isset($arr[$i + 1]) && $arr[$i] > $arr[$i + 1]) {
$flag = false;
break;
}
} elseif ($compare == '>') {
if (isset($arr[$i + 1]) && $arr[$i] < $arr[$i + 1]) {
$flag = false;
break;
}
}
}
return $flag;
}
Usage:
$a = 2;
$b = 3;
$c = 4;
$d = 5;
$e = 9;
$f = 22;
$arr = array($a, $b, $c, $d, $e, $f);
var_dump(checkIfProg($arr, '<')); // => bool(true)
If you want the array to be created dynamically, you could use some variable variable magic to achieve this:
$arr = array();
foreach (range('a','f') as $v) {
$arr[] = $$v;
}
This will create an array containing all the values of variables from $a ... $f.

N random numbers that can duplicate after 2 elements

I want to generate 10 numbers with each ranging from (1 to 5) but can only duplicate after 2 elements
for example 5 3 1 4 2 5(can be duplicated here) 2 (cannot be duplicate here since it occur before 1 element) ...etc.
I have this code in php working but its performance is awful since it sometimes exceeds the maximum 30 seconds execution time.
<?php
function contain($prevItems, $number) {
if (count($prevItems) == 3)
{
array_shift($prevItems);
}
for ($k=0; $k<count($prevItems); $k++) {
if ($prevItems[$k] == $number)
return true;
}
return false;
}
$num[0] = rand(1,5);
$prevItems[0] = $num[0];
for ($i=1; $i<=10; $i++) {
$num[$i] = rand(1,5);
while (contain($prevItems, $num[$i])) {
$num[$i] = rand (1,5);
}
$prevItems[$i] = $num[$i]; //append into the array
}
print_r($num);
?>
Edit:
I have also tried this method, its performance is good but it duplicates elements
<?php
$evalAccurance = array();
$count = 0;
while ( $count < 11)
{
$random = rand(1, 5);
if (in_array($random, $evalAccurance))
{
$p = $random;
for ($k = $p ; $k <5; $k++)
{
$random = $random++;
if (in_array($random, $evalAccurance))
continue 1;
else break 1;
}
if (in_array($random, $evalAccurance))
{
for ($k = $p ; $k >0; $k--)
{
$random = $random--;
if (in_array($random, $evalAccurance))
continue 1;
else break 1;
}
}
}
$evalAccurance[] = $random;
if (count ($evalAccurance) == 4)
array_shift($evalAccurance);
print_r ($evalAccurance);
$count++;
}
?>
One way you could do this:
// pass to function current array of numbers
function randomNumber($ar){
// create a random number from 1 to 5
$num = rand(1,5);
// check backwards 3 elements for same number, if none found return it
if(!in_array($num, array_slice($ar, -3, 3, true))){
return $num;
} else {
// else recall function with same array of numbers
return randomNumber($ar);
}
}
$array = array();
// loop 10 numbers and call randomNumber with current set of results.
for($i=1; $i<=10; $i++){
$array[] = randomNumber($array);
}
print_r($array);
Using PHP SPLQueue:
$queue = new SplQueue();
$values = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
$container = array();
for ($i = 0; $i < 10; $i++) {
$value = give_random($values, $queue);
$container[] = $value;
if ($queue->offsetExists(1) AND $queue->offsetExists(0)) {
$queue->dequeue();
}
$queue->enqueue($value);
}
function give_random(&$values, &$queue) {
$picked_value = $values[array_rand($values)];
if ($queue->offsetExists(1)) {
if ($picked_value == $queue->offsetGet(1)) {
$picked_value = give_random($values, $queue);
}
}
if ($queue->offsetExists(0)) {
if ($picked_value == $queue->offsetGet(0)) {
$picked_value = give_random($values, $queue);
}
}
return $picked_value;
}
print_r($container);
It could be neater, but you can figure what's going on.
Cheers.

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