Comparing Multidimensional arrays in PHP - php

I am trying to compare to multidimensional arrays, but I can't just use array_diff_assoc(). The arrays I am trying to compare are both associative arrays, and they are both sorted so the keys are in the same order. For the most part the arrays are identical in structure. I can't seem to figure out how to compare the elements that store arrays, I can compare the elements that hold one value just fine does anyone know what I can do?

If your trying to just see if they are different (and not what specifically is different) you could try something like:
return serialize($array1) == seralize($array2);
That would give you a yea or neah on the equality of the two arrays.

It's not clear whether you want to see if they're equal, or actually want an output of what the differences are.
If it's the former then you could do it the proper way, with a recursive function:
$array1 = array('a' => 1, 'b' => 2, 'c' => array('ca' => 1, 'cb' => array('foo')));
$array2 = array('a' => 1, 'b' => 2, 'c' => array('ca' => 1, 'cb' => array('bar')));
var_dump(arrayEqual($array1, $array2));
function arrayEqual($a1, $a2)
{
if (count(array_diff($a1, $a2)))
return false;
foreach ($a1 as $k => $v)
{
if (is_array($v) && !arrayEqual($a1[$k], $a2[$k]))
return false;
}
return true;
}
Or use a complete hack like this:
if (serialize($array1) == serialize($array2))

Related

Custom sort an associative array by its keys using a lookup array

I need to sort the following flat, associative array by its keys, but not naturally. I need to sort the keys by a predefined array of values.
$aShips = [
'0_204' => 1,
'0_205' => 2,
'0_206' => 3,
'0_207' => 4
];
My order array looks like this:
$order = ["0_206", "0_205", "0_204", "0_207"];
The desired result:
[
'0_206' => 3,
'0_205' => 2,
'0_204' => 1,
'0_207' => 4
]
I know how to write a custom sorting function, but I don't know how to integrate the order array.
function cmp($a, $b){
if ($a==$b) return 0;
return ($a<$b)?-1:1;
}
uasort($aShips, "cmp");
If you want to sort by keys. Use uksort. Try the code below.
<?php
$aShips = array('0_204' => 1, '0_205' => 2, '0_206' => 3, '0_207' => 4);
uksort($aShips, function($a, $b) {
return $b > $a;
});
According to the Official PHP Docs, you can use uasort() like this (just for demo):
<?php
// Comparison function
function cmp($a, $b) {
if ($a == $b) {
return 0;
}
return ($a < $b) ? -1 : 1;
}
// Array to be sorted
$array = array('a' => 4, 'b' => 8, 'c' => -1, 'd' => -9, 'e' => 2, 'f' => 5, 'g' => 3, 'h' => -4);
print_r($array);
// Sort and print the resulting array
uasort($array, 'cmp');
print_r($array);
?>
You don't need to leverage a sorting algorithm.
Simply flip $order to use its values as keys (maintaining their order), then merge the two arrays to replace the unwanted values of $order with the values from $aShip.
This assumes that $aShip includes all key values represented in $order, of course. If not, array_intersect_key() can be used to filter $order, but this is dwelling on a fringe case not included in the posted question.
Code: (Demo)
var_export(array_replace(array_flip($order), $aShips));
Output:
array (
'0_206' => 3,
'0_205' => 2,
'0_204' => 1,
'0_207' => 4,
)
This also works when you haven't listed every occurring key in $order -- the unlisted keys are "moved to the back". Proven by this Demo.
Using a custom sorting algorithm can be done and there will be a number of ways, but I'll only show one for comparison's sake.
Reverse your order array and use it as a lookup array while asking uksort() to sort in a descending fashion. If an encountered key is not found in the lookup assign it a value of -1 to ensure it moves to the back of the array.
Code: (Demo)
$lookup = array_flip(array_reverse($order));
uksort($aShips, function($a, $b) use ($lookup) {
return ($lookup[$b] ?? -1) <=> ($lookup[$a] ?? -1);
});
var_export($aShips);
If you don't like reversing the lookup and sorting DESC, you can count the order array to determine a fallback value. This alternative script uses arrow function syntax for brevity and to gain direct access to the variables declared outside of the closure. (Demo)
$lookup = array_flip($order);
$default = count($order);
uksort($aShips, fn($a, $b) => ($lookup[$a] ?? $default) <=> ($lookup[$b] ?? $default));
var_export($aShips);

Merge row data from multiple arrays

I have two arrays as shown below. I need to merge the content of the arrays so that I can get the structure as shown in the third array at last. I have checked array_merge but can't figure out the way this is possible. Any help appreciated. Thanks.
[
['gross_value' => '100', 'quantity' => '1'],
['gross_value' => '200', 'quantity' => '1']
]
and
[
['item_title_id' => '1', 'order_id' => '4'],
['item_title_id' => '2', 'order_id' => '4']
];
I should get a merged array like this:
[
[
'gross_value' => '100',
'quantity' => '1',
'item_title_id' => '1',
'order_id' => 4
],
[
'gross_value' => '200',
'quantity' => '1',
'item_title_id' => '2',
'order_id' => 4
]
]
Use array_merge_recursive :
Convert all numeric key to strings, (make is associative array)
$result = array_merge_recursive($ar1, $ar2);
print_r($result);
See live demo here
how about:
$arr1 = array(
0 => array(
'gross_value' => '100',
'quantity' => '1'
),
1 => array(
'gross_value' => '200',
'quantity' => '1'
)
);
$arr2 = array(
0 => array(
'item_title_id' => '1',
'order_id' => '4'
),
1 => array(
'item_title_id' => '2',
'order_id' => '4'
)
);
$arr = array();
foreach($arr1 as $k => $v) {
array_push($arr, array_merge($v, $arr2[$k]));
}
print_r($arr);
output:
Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[gross_value] => 100
[quantity] => 1
[item_title_id] => 1
[order_id] => 4
)
[1] => Array
(
[gross_value] => 200
[quantity] => 1
[item_title_id] => 2
[order_id] => 4
)
)
Have a look at array_merge
I would probably iterate over the arrays and merge them manually.
$result = array();
foreach ( $array1 as $key => $item )
{
$result[$key] = array_merge($array1[$key], $array2[$key]);
}
You will have an issue if the top-level arrays don't have strictly matching keys though.
If you have $array1 and $array2, try this:
foreach($array1 as $key1=>$innerArray){
$array1[$key1]['item_title_id'] = $array2[$key1]['item_title_id'];
$array1[$key1]['order_id'] = $array2[$key1]['order_id'];
}
The problem with things like merge recursive is that they don't know when to stop.
In some scenarios you want to stop traversing down an array and simply take a given value if it exists.
For instance if you have to override a nested config array you might not want the default keys to stick around at a a specific level.
here is my solution:
public static function merge_lvl2(){
$args = func_get_args();
return static::merge($args, 2);
}
public static function merge($args, $maxDepth = null, $depth = 1)
{
$merge = [];
foreach($args as $arg) {
if (is_array($arg)) {
if (is_array($merge)) {
if ($maxDepth == $depth) {
$arg += $merge;
$merge = $arg;
} else {
$merge = array_merge($merge, $arg);
}
} else {
$merge = $arg;
}
}
}
if ($maxDepth !== $depth) {
foreach($args as $a) {
if (is_array($a)) {
foreach($a as $k => $v) {
if (isset($merge[$k]) && is_array($merge[$k])) {
$merge[$k] = static::merge([$merge[$k], $v], $maxDepth, $depth + 1);
}
}
}
}
}
return $merge;
}
You can pass as many arrays to merge as you want to.
$merged = ClassName::merge_lvl2([..array1..], [..array2..], [..array3..], etc...);
It will stop merging at level 2 and accept the last instance of the key as an override instead of a merge.
You can also call merge directly with an array of args and setting the max depth.
If no max depth is set it will traverse the entire array.
The most modern, elegant, concise way to merge rows from two or more arrays (or the rows from a multidimensional array with 3 or more levels of depth) is to call array_merge() on each row (array_replace() can also be used). array_map() can call array_merge by its string name and the input data can be split into individual arguments with the "spread operator" (...) when needed.
Code for the OP's arrays: (Demo)
var_export(
array_map('array_merge', $arr1, $arr2)
);
The above technique will return a newly indexed array (though you might not notice because the sample input arrays were indexed to begin with). If your input data has associative first-level keys, they will be ignored and destroyed by this technique. If you have non-numeric first-level keys and want to merge on those, then array_merge_recursive() is likely to be the ideal native function - Demo.
However, it must be said, that for the OP's sample data array_merge_recursive() IS NOT a correct technique.
My first snippet is conveniently extended if you have more than two arrays which need their rows to be merge based on their positions. (Demo)
var_export(
array_map('array_merge', $arr1, $arr2, $arr3)
);
And as mentioned earlier, the spread operator can be used to unpack deeper arrays with the same result. Again, the number of subarrays containing rows can be dynamic. If your deep array only has one subarray containing rows, then the result will be a "flattening" effect where the top level is removed.
Code with new data structure: (Demo)
$masterArray = [
[
['gross_value' => '100', 'quantity' => '5'],
['gross_value' => '200', 'quantity' => '6']
],
[
['item_title_id' => '1', 'order_id' => '3'],
['item_title_id' => '2', 'order_id' => '4']
],
[
['foo' => 'bar1'],
['foo' => 'bar2']
]
];
var_export(
array_map('array_merge', ...$masterArray)
);
To be fair, array_replace_recursive() does provide the desired result using the OP's sample data, but I find the technique to be semantically misleading. (Demo)
All that said, you are not forced to use PHP's native array functions; you can use classic loops as well -- you will have several ways to "unite" the rows inside the loop. This approach is a little less D.R.Y. because you need to explicitly specific the separate arrays that you wish to synchronously iterate. Just make sure that you understand the nuanced differences in using array_merge(), array_replace(), and the union operator (+) with different qualities of data. Hint: associative, non-numeric keyed data in the respective rows will be affected when key collisions occur. Be careful to use a merging technique that will not overwrite the wrong data when rows share associative keys.
array_merge() to build a new array: (array_merge() Demo) (array_replace() Demo) (array union operator + Demo)
$result = [];
foreach ($arr1 as $i => $row) {
$result[] = array_merge($row, $arr2[$i]);
}
var_export($result);
Alternative, you can use the same general approach, but instead of populating a new $result array, you can merge data into the first array.
(array_merge() Demo) (array_replace() Demo) (array union assignment operator += Demo)
foreach ($arr1 as $i => &$row) {
$row = array_merge($row, $arr2[$i]);
}
var_export($arr1);
For the sake of completeness, if you have an indexed array of indexed arrays, then you might even use iterated calls of array_push() with the spread operator to achieve a similar functionality. This quite literally, indicatively appends the row data from subsequent arrays to the first array's rows.
Code: (Demo)
$arr1 = [
['A', 'B', 'C'],
['F', 'G']
];
$arr2 = [
['D', 'E'],
['H', 'I', 'J', 'L']
];
foreach ($arr1 as $i => &$row) {
array_push($row, ...$arr2[$i]);
}
var_export($arr1);
Related non-duplicate content on Stack Overflow:
Partially merge one array's row data with another another array:Add column of values from one array to another
Merge two flat arrays to create an array of merged rows:Transforming array values in elements of a subarray using PHP
Merge rows with indexed elements, remove duplicates and reindex:Merge two multidimensional arrays, preserve numeric keys, and combine values inside array
Merge arrays containing objects:Merge rows of two arrays containing objects by first level index
Push single elements from one array to rows in another array:Push elements from one array into rows of another array (one element per row)
On the above pages, the rabbit hole goes further because I've linked other related pages to them. Keep researching until you find what you need.
If you are using Laravel, you might be interested in its combine() and collect() methods.

Find intersecting rows between two 2d arrays comparing differently keyed columns

I have two arrays,
The $first has 5000 arrays inside it and looks like:
array(
array('number' => 1),
array('number' => 2),
array('number' => 3),
array('number' => 4),
...
array('number' => 5000)
);
and the $second has 16000 rows and looks like:
array(
array('key' => 1, 'val' => 'something'),
array('key' => 2, 'val' => 'something'),
array('key' => 3, 'val' => 'something'),
...
array('key' => 16000, 'val' => 'something'),
)
I want to create a third array that contains $second[$i]['val'] IF $second[$i][$key] is in $first[$i][$number]
currently I am doing:
$third = array();
foreach($first as &$f)
$f = $f['number'];
foreach($second as $s){
if(in_array($s['key'], $first)
$third[] = $s['val];
}
but, unless I use php's set_timeout(0) it is timing out, is there a more efficient way?
$third = array();
$ftemp = array();
foreach($first as $f)
$ftemp[$f['number']] = true;
foreach($second as $s){
if(isset($ftemp[$s['key']]))
$third[] = $s['val'];
}
should be waaay faster.
Don't try to make lookup dictionary in more convoluted way like below, because it actually is slower than above straightforward loop:
$third = array();
$ftemp = array_flip(reset(call_user_func_array('array_map', array_merge(array(null), $first))));
// $ftemp = array_flip(array_map('reset', $first)); // this is also slower
// array_unshift($first, null); $ftemp = array_flip(reset(call_user_func_array('array_map', $first))); // and this is even slower and modifies $first array
foreach($second as $s){
if(isset($ftemp[$s['key']]))
$third[] = $s['val'];
}
It's probably serious nitpicking but you could replace the foreach with a for which is a little faster, but i doubt that will make a big difference. You are working on a big dataset which might simply be not really fast to process on a webserver.
You are asking for "intersections" between the two arrays but on specific column keys which are not identical. Not to worry, PHP has a native function that is optimized under the hood for this task. array_uintersect() with no special data preparation. Within the custom callback function, null coalesce to the opposite array's key name. The reason for this fallback is because $a and $b do not represent array1 and array2. Because the intersect/diff family of native array functions sort while they filter, there may be instances where column values from the same array will be compared against each other. Again, this is part of the source code optimization.
Code: (Demo)
var_export(
array_uintersect(
$keyValues,
$numbers,
fn($a, $b) => ($a['number'] ?? $a['key']) <=> ($b['number'] ?? $b['key'])
)
);
As a general rule, though, if you are going to make a lot of array comparisons and speed matters, it is better to make key-based comparisons instead of value-based comparisons. Because of the way that PHP handles arrays as hashmaps, key-comparison functions/processes always outpace their value-comparing equivalent.
If you need to isolate the val column data after filtering, array_column() will fix this up for you quickly.

Sorting Arrays by More the One Value, and Prioritizing the Sort based on Column data

I'm looking for a way to sort an array, based on the information in each row, based on the information in certain cells, that I'll call columns.
Each row has columns that must be sorted based on the priority of: timetime, lapcount & timestamp.
Each column cotains this information: split1, split2, split3, laptime, lapcount, timestamp.
laptime if in hundredths of a second. (1:23.45 or 1 Minute, 23 Seconds & 45 Hundredths is 8345.) Lapcount is a simple unsigned tiny int, or unsigned char. timestamp is unix epoch.
The lowest laptime should be at the get a better standing in this sort. Should two peoples laptimes equal, then timestamp will be used to give the better standing in this sort. Should two peoples timestamp equal, then the person with less of a lapcount get's the better standing in this sort.
By better standing, I mean closer to the top of the array, closer to the index of zero where it a numerical array.
I think the array sorting functions built into php can do this with a callback, I was wondering what the best approch was for a weighted sort like this would be.
<?php
$racers = array('Dygear', 'filur', 'glyphon', 'AndroidXP', 'HorsePower', 'Becky Rose', 'kanutron', 'Victor');
foreach ($racers as $racer)
$query[$racer] = unserialize(file_get_contents('http://lfsworld.net/pubstat/get_stat2.php?version=1.4&ps=1&idk=35cP2S05Cvj3z7564aXKyw0Mqf1Hhx7P&s=2&action=pb&racer='.urlencode($racer)));
foreach ($query as $racer => $data)
{
foreach ($data as $row)
{
if ($row['track'] == '000' && $row['car'] == 'FOX')
$sortArray[$racer] = $row;
}
}
# Sort the Array $sortArray
var_dump($sortArray);
?>
What you want is a Schwartzian transform. Create a new array with the values to sort by as the key and the original values as the values, sort the array by key, then strip away the keys.
EDIT:
Quick-and-dirty implementation:
$times = Array(
Array('val1' => 1, 'val2' => 3, 'val3' => 8),
Array('val1' => 1, 'val2' => 2, 'val3' => 5),
Array('val1' => 3, 'val2' => 8, 'val3' => 6),
Array('val1' => 2, 'val2' => 2, 'val3' => 1),
Array('val1' => 4, 'val2' => 7, 'val3' => 3)
);
$timesdec = Array();
foreach($times as $time)
{
$timesdec[sprintf('%010d%010d', $time['val1'], $time['val3'])] = $time;
}
ksort($timesdec);
$newtimes = array_values($timesdec);
var_dump($newtimes);
This is untested, and I felt like using php 5.3. But, you can do the same without anonymous functions. You don't really need to use separate functions for each of the column comparisons like I did. But, it seems like you're really trying to replicate the way a database sorts multiple columns, so I'm giving you something close to it.
$comparatorSequence = array(
function($a, $b) {
return $a['laptime'] - $b['laptime'];
}
, function($a, $b) {
return $a['timestamp'] - $b['timestamp'];
}
, function($a, $b) {
return $a['lapcount'] - $b['lapcount'];
}
);
usort($theArray, function($a, $b) use ($comparatorSequence) {
foreach ($comparatorSequence as $cmpFn) {
$diff = call_user_func($cmpFn, $a, $b);
if ($diff !== 0) {
return $diff;
}
}
return 0;
});

PHP Built-in Method to Get Array Values Given a List of Keys

I have an 'dictionary' array such as this:
$arr['a']=5;
$arr['b']=9;
$arr['as']=56;
$arr['gbsdfg']=89;
And I need a method that, given a list of the array keys, I can retrieve the corresponding array values. In other words, I am looking for a built-in function for the following methods:
function GetArrayValues($arrDictionary, $arrKeys)
{
$arrValues=array();
foreach($arrKeys as $key=>$value)
{
$arrValues[]=$arrDictionary[$key]
}
return $arrValues;
}
I am so sick of writing this kind of tedious transformation that I have to find a built-in method to do this. Any ideas?
array_intersect_key
If you have an array of keys as values you can use array_intersect_key combined with array_flip. For example:
$values = ['a' => 1, 'b' => 2, 'c' => 3, 'd' => 4];
$keys = ['a', 'c'];
array_intersect_key($values, array_flip($keys));
// ['a' => 1, 'c' => 3]

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