How to get grade A on these Yslow rules? - php

Use a Content Delivery Network (CDN)
Compress components with gzip
Configure entity tags (ETags)
Add Expires headers
If i don't have access to Apache configuration.

Use a Content Delivery Network (CDN)
This involves changing your hosting (for at least some files)
Compress components with gzip
Configure entity tags (ETags)
Add Expires headers
You can either:
Get access to your Apache configuration
Get someone who does have access to it to change it

I find "HOW TO SPEED UP YOUR SITE AND GET A YSLOW GRADE" is useful for me. Hope this help.

If you have grade A on every other YSlow rule then you're doing pretty well already and don't need to worry about those items. By the way, you can create custom rulesets in YSlow that are more tailored to your needs and server setup. So if you can't change any of these things, just remove them from the rules that YSlow uses.
Use a Content Delivery Network (CDN)
You can add your site domain as a CDN in YSlow. The idea of this one is to store static components on different domains to increase "parallelisation" (downloading more files at once). If you are using limited hosting then you could open a separate account and host some files there on a different domain.
Compress components with gzip
You can do this in PHP, using ob_start('ob_gzhandler'); at the very start of your scripts. This is a little more resource intensive so use Apache if possible.
Configure entity tags (ETags)
Remove this from the rule list, it's not necessary in 90% of cases. Yahoo only says to remove them because in the rare situation you have multiple servers in the back-end, the same file might have a different ETag if it comes from a different server. When each file comes from one server then ETags are a good thing and removing them is detrimental.
Add Expires headers
If you have no access to the server then you probably won't be able to change this. Ask your host about it. You may be able to override the server setting in your .htaccess file. You'd need the mod_expires Apache module. This page has some usage examples.

Paste this code bottom of .htaccess file
RewriteEngine On
# BEGIN Mod Header
ExpiresActive On
# Turn on Expires and set default expires to 10 years
# END Mod Header
# BEGIN Cache Control
Header set Expires "Thu, 15 Apr 2012 20:00:00 GMT"
Header unset ETag
FileETag None
#END Cache Control

Related

Blocked a frame with origin from accessing a cross-origin frame in wordpress

I am working on a website, let say the website name is "https://website" (which is built on wordpress) in which I am getting the following error on console:
Uncaught DOMException: Blocked a frame with origin "https://website" from accessing a cross-origin frame.
at contents (https://website/wp-admin/load-scripts.php?c=1&load%5B%5D=jquery-core,jquery-migrate,jquery-ui-core,jquery-ui-widget,jquery-ui-mouse,jquery-ui-sortable,utils,underscore,wp-util,backbone,&load%5B%5D=moxiejs,plupload&ver=4.9.8:2:26921)
at Function.map (https://website/wp-admin/load-scripts.php?c=1&load%5B%5D=jquery-core,jquery-migrate,jquery-ui-core,jquery-ui-widget,jquery-ui-mouse,jquery-ui-sortable,utils,underscore,wp-util,backbone,&load%5B%5D=moxiejs,plupload&ver=4.9.8:2:3613)
at a.fn.init.n.fn.(anonymous function) [as contents] (https://website/wp-admin/load-scripts.php?c=1&load%5B%5D=jquery-core,jquery-migrate,jquery-ui-core,jquery-ui-widget,jquery-ui-mouse,jquery-ui-sortable,utils,underscore,wp-util,backbone,&load%5B%5D=moxiejs,plupload&ver=4.9.8:2:27001)
at b (https://website/wp-admin/load-scripts.php?c=1&load%5B%5D=postbox,thickbox,hoverIntent,common,admin-bar,wp-a11y,updates,plugin-install,svg-painter,heartbeat,wp-auth-check,shortcode,wp-ba&load%5B%5D=ckbone,media-models,wp-plupload,wp-mediaelement,wp-api-request,media-views,media-editor,media-audiovideo,mce-view,imgareaselect,&load%5B%5D=image-edit&ver=4.9.8:347:103)
at HTMLBodyElement.<anonymous> (https://website/wp-admin/load-scripts.php?c=1&load%5B%5D=postbox,thickbox,hoverIntent,common,admin-bar,wp-a11y,updates,plugin-install,svg-painter,heartbeat,wp-auth-check,shortcode,wp-ba&load%5B%5D=ckbone,media-models,wp-plupload,wp-mediaelement,wp-api-request,media-views,media-editor,media-audiovideo,mce-view,imgareaselect,&load%5B%5D=image-edit&ver=4.9.8:347:1306)
at HTMLBodyElement.dispatch (https://website/wp-admin/load-scripts.php?c=1&load%5B%5D=jquery-core,jquery-migrate,jquery-ui-core,jquery-ui-widget,jquery-ui-mouse,jquery-ui-sortable,utils,underscore,wp-util,backbone,&load%5B%5D=moxiejs,plupload&ver=4.9.8:3:12444)
at HTMLBodyElement.r.handle (https://website/wp-admin/load-scripts.php?c=1&load%5B%5D=jquery-core,jquery-migrate,jquery-ui-core,jquery-ui-widget,jquery-ui-mouse,jquery-ui-sortable,utils,underscore,wp-util,backbone,&load%5B%5D=moxiejs,plupload&ver=4.9.8:3:9173)
at Object.trigger (https://website/wp-admin/load-scripts.php?c=1&load%5B%5D=jquery-core,jquery-migrate,jquery-ui-core,jquery-ui-widget,jquery-ui-mouse,jquery-ui-sortable,utils,underscore,wp-util,backbone,&load%5B%5D=moxiejs,plupload&ver=4.9.8:3:11573)
at Object.a.event.trigger (https://website/wp-admin/load-scripts.php?c=1&load%5B%5D=jquery-core,jquery-migrate,jquery-ui-core,jquery-ui-widget,jquery-ui-mouse,jquery-ui-sortable,utils,underscore,wp-util,backbone,&load%5B%5D=moxiejs,plupload&ver=4.9.8:9:8275)
at HTMLDivElement.<anonymous> (https://website/wp-admin/load-scripts.php?c=1&load%5B%5D=jquery-core,jquery-migrate,jquery-ui-core,jquery-ui-widget,jquery-ui-mouse,jquery-ui-sortable,utils,underscore,wp-util,backbone,&load%5B%5D=moxiejs,plupload&ver=4.9.8:3:18991)
The above error is generated by clicking View Details section of wordpress plugins (as shown below):
This error seems to exist in every single wordpress plugins but it works when I open in a new tab but it doesn't work when I open in the same window.
Problem Statement:
I am wondering which file I need to modify in wordpress in order to solve this error. This error seems to exist in every wordpress plugins. As mentioned, it works in a new tab but fails to work in the same page.
I have a feeling I have to make some changes in the following file by seeing the error above (load-scripts.php, as the error is generated in that file) but not sure what line I need to add in order to make it work.
https://website/wp-admin/load-scripts.php
Something bad has happend to your WordPress admin interface.
The first thing to notice is that the error you have described is a well known problem as you may have already noticed: SecurityError: Blocked a frame with origin from accessing a cross-origin frame
Look at the first answer there:
You can't access an with different origin using JavaScript,
it would be a huge security flaw if you could do it. For the
same-origin policy browsers block scripts trying to access a frame
with a different origin.
Protocol, hostname and port must be the same of your domain, if you
want to access a frame.
The second thing to notice is what the "View details" button in the WordPress admin interface does: It opens a ThickBox containing and iframe which is showing remote contents quite often within an IFrame. How this works is ecactly described here: https://codex.wordpress.org/Javascript_Reference/ThickBox
load-scripts.php is an important WordPress core file loaded in the admin which is used to load JavaScript files without having to embed each of them. Those JavaScript files are usually added to your WordPress admin with the admin_enqueue_scripts() function (https://codex.wordpress.org/Plugin_API/Action_Reference/admin_enqueue_scripts).
As your problem is quite uncommon and the "View details" button for Plugins works almost everytime there are only two possibilities:
1. The "View Details" IFrame is usually loaded from the same location where your WordPress is - therefore you might have a problem such that the browser wants to load it from a different host
This happens if you have some misconfiguration within your WordPress installation and Thickbox tries to get an IFrame from a host which the Browser thinks is another host. Configure WordPress correctly.
2. You have a badly programmed plugin or theme which is injecting a script causing this problem
Solution: Deactivate your theme and all your plugins one-by-one and see if the error still exists. This way you can find out the modification which causes the problem and maybe do a bug request to the plugin developers then.
It is almost 100% sure that a single plugin, theme or misconfiguration is causing this problem.
For posterity, chances are your X-Frame-Options have either been set to deny by the server or a configuration was appended by another plugin, but the blocked frame issue may happen when your server has not been configured correctly or was configured with strict policies to prevent any sort of access to cross-origin frames. Since every plugin is affected when viewing the Details link, my answer coincides with what #Blackbam has explained regarding how it functions by bringing up a thickbox and uses an i-frame when explaining why they all don't seem to appear.
I am wondering which file I need to modify in WordPress in order to
solve this error. This error seems to exist in every wordpress
plugins. As mentioned, it works in a new tab but fails to work in the
same page.
So, for this particular case I don't believe it's necessarily a WordPress issue but a hosting server configuration and, depending on how much access you have to the server or wherever you're building the website, will determine what you can do to solve this error or whether or not you'll need to contact support to help you resolve it.
(Since this answer is simply added for posterity, please excuse the present tense references used as I realize it's been 3 years since this was asked)
Solutions:
There are two options that may work for you, and will vary depending on your server and your user access.
Solution 1: Adding permissions by modifying the .htaccess file
If your webhosting server is running on Apache or other supported web server, you can try adding the lines below to the .htaccess file:
<ifModule mod_headers.c>
Header set Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000" env=HTTPS
Header always set X-Frame-Options "sameorigin"
Header setifempty Referrer-Policy: same-origin
</ifModule>
For syntax, you can refer to to this page. But as another option, instead of setting X-Frame-Options to "sameorigin" you can also specify a particular domain so as to preserve the security feature if preferred, such as:
Header always append X-Frame-Options "ALLOW-FROM website.com/*"
And replacing "website.com/*" with the domain you would like to permit, noting the space between ALLOW-FROM and the URL as further explained here. If you have other plugins installed that have modified your .htaccess file, be sure to place this entry above any Wordpress created entry as the .htaccess file is loaded in order and also note that it may not be supported in all browsers. Now, depending on the server security policies, if this doesn't work, then you'll have to move on to the next solution.
Solution 2: Modify your server configuration
Though I'm only including instructions for an Apache server from here as reference, this page includes configurations for Nginx, IIS, HAProxy, and Express as well. A full explanation can be found here if you have access to WHM and/or are running virtual servers and will require root access.
Log into the web server and look for the following file:
/etc/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
# or you can also create a new file named 'include.conf' if it
# doesn't already exist
/etc/apache2/conf.d/userdata/{USERNAME}/{DOMAIN-NAME}/include.conf
If the file exists, you can either comment out the line if it's set to DENY to disable the restriction or add the line below to the newly created configuration file:
<ifModule mod_headers.c>
Header set Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000" env=HTTPS
Header always set X-Frame-Options "sameorigin"
</ifModule>
You'll then need to rebuild the configuration and restart the Apache server.
You can rebuild by running the command
/usr/local/cpanel/scripts/rebuildhttpdconf
Then restart with
/usr/local/cpanel/scripts/restartsrv_httpd
Without the same-origin setting, even though Wordpress is installed on the server, the jquery requests are being blocked as part of preventing any embedding of content from other sites as well. Read more about Secure Headers from OWASP

CSS on external URL read by site but font definitions not accessed [duplicate]

I am trying to create a type of font repository for use on my websites, so that I can call to any font in the repository in my css without any other set-up. To do this I created a subdomain on which I placed folders for each font in the repository that contained the various file types for each font. I also placed a css file called font-face.css on the root of the subdomain and filled it with #font-face declarations for each of the fonts, the fonts are linked with an absolute link so that they can be used from anywhere.
My issue is that it seems that I can only use the fonts on that subdomain where they are located, on my other sites the font does not show. Using firebug I determined that the font-face.css file was successfully being linked to and loaded. So why does the font not correctly load? Is there protection on the font files or something? I am using all fonts that I should be allowed to do this with, so I don't see why this is occurring. Maybe it is an apache issue, but I can download the font just fine when I link to it.
Oh, and just to clarify, I am not violating any copyrights by setting this up, all the fonts I am using are licensed to allow this sort of thing. I would however like to set up a way that only I can have access to this repository of fonts but that's another project.
This is because Firefox (from your mention of Firebug) thinks cross-domain, even subdomain, Web font embedding is a bad idea.
You can convince it to load fonts from your subdomain by adding this to the top-level .htaccess file of the subdomain where your fonts are being served (updated to adapt code from the same file in HTML5 Boilerplate):
<FilesMatch "\.(ttf|ttc|otf|eot|woff)$">
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
Header set Access-Control-Allow-Origin "*"
</IfModule>
</FilesMatch>
In response to this:
I would however like to set up a way that only I can have access to this repository of fonts but that's another project.
The W3C spec for Access-Control-Allow-Origin doesn't say anything more than either a wildcard "*" or a specific domain. So far, I've found this SO answer which suggests validating the Origin header, but I think that's a Firefox-only header. I'm not sure about other browsers (they don't even need the .htaccess trick above for cross-domain Web fonts to work).
Another way to fix this in Firefox is to embed the font directly into the css file using base64 encoding. Especially nifty if you don't have access to some of the configuration mentioned above.
You can generate the necessary code on fontsquirrel.com: in the font-face Kit Generator choose expert mode, scroll down and select Base64 Encode under CSS Options - the downloaded Font-Kit will be ready to plug and play.
This also has the fringe benefit of reducing page load time because it requires one less http request.
If you do not want to allow resources from all domains but only from sub domain of your site, you should do it like:
# Allow font, js and css to be loaded from subdomain
SetEnvIf Origin "http(s)?://(.+\.)?(example\.com)$" ORIGIN_DOMAIN=$0
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
<FilesMatch "\.(eot|font.css|otf|ttc|ttf|woff|js|png|jpg|jpeg|gif)$">
Header set Access-Control-Allow-Origin %{ORIGIN_DOMAIN}e env=ORIGIN_DOMAIN
</FilesMatch>
</IfModule>
Source: http://www.webspeaks.in/2015/01/wordpress-allow-cross-domain-resources.html
Using http://www.fontsquirrel.com/fontface/generator in "expert" mode and choosing base64 as an option returned a stylesheet.css with the necessary base64 encoded data to use in our stylesheet. Seems to work in all browsers we've tested except IE8.
We run into this issue most when applying themes to 3rd party tools like salsa petition where we're forced to host the font.
Thanks for all the help everyone!

HTACCESS image caching rule that checks the image modification time

I'm serving images two different ways:
Using a PHP script for profile pictures for example
By pointing to them directly, for icons and backgrounds for example
I'm in the process of handling their caching properly, and i'm totally new to this.
For the PHP script, i'm just adding a Last-Modified header to the response, and delivering a 304 status code if it's called again, if the file hasn't changed (using filemtime()).
For direct accesses, i'm using HTACCESS, but every rule i saw so far doesn't allow me to do the same as in my PHP script (checking if the file has changed, then serving a 304 or the file itself).
Here's the HTACCESS rule i'm planning to use:
Header unset Pragma
FileETag None
Header unset ETag
# cache images/pdf docs for 10 days
<FilesMatch "\.(ico|pdf|jpg|jpeg|png|gif)$">
Header set Cache-Control "max-age=864000, public, must-revalidate"
Header unset Last-Modified
</FilesMatch>
From what i understand, the only way of updating a cached image is to rename it. Does someone know a way around it? By checking the image's last modification date for instance?
You could use mod_expires, if available:
<FilesMatch "\.(ico|pdf|jpg|jpeg|png|gif)$">
ExpiresDefault "modification plus 10 days"
</FilesMatch>
What you are doing with PHP should do apache automatically for static files. It will set the Last-Modified header and respond with 304 if it will find if-Modified-since in the request. This is done automatically and has nothing to do with caching. It will not prevent repeated requests to your server, it will just save you bandwidth (and loading times for user) when the file is not modified by returning just 304 info instead of the whole file.
To prevent those repeated requests to your server, browser (and proxy servers) has to do some caching. You can control the caching either via HTTP headers or for HTML also via META tags. When you specify that the file is cacheable for 1 week, browser won't try to contact your server for 1 week (although most browsers are set to revalidate cache entries on first access after startup).
So you will either live with the possibility that some users will use old cached copy for some time (depends on the expiry header) or you must change your URL as Gerben suggested. Only then you can be 100% sure that everyone will get the new version (this is important for javascript as having some of the js files old and some new can make very strange errors). Nowadays almost every high performance website uses the file.ext?v=3 approach, so that they can set the expiry header to large values like 6 months.
As #Gumbo pointed out, "Apache should already do that for static files".
And that's true, Apache does that, so that kind of stuff works fine:
<FilesMatch "\.(ico|pdf|jpg|jpeg|png|gif)$">
Header set Cache-Control "max-age=864000, public, must-revalidate"
</FilesMatch>
ps: Sorry #Gumbo, but i asked you to change your answer so that i can accept it, but you wouldnt do it and i had to close that question eventually, so.

How to add far-future expires headers to minified cssfiles/scripts?

how to i add add far-future expires headers to minified cssfiles/scripts? I am using minify to combine css files and javascripts files, but the minified versions don't have a far-future expiration date.
If you're using Apache, then this sort of thing is the way to go. There are several different ways to do it depending on the modules installed; some make it easier than others. I recommend the expires (docs) and headers (docs) modules (they're both required for the example below, but you can pull it off with only headers if you really want).
<LocationMatch "/js/(.*)\.js">
ExpiresDefault "access plus 10 years"
Header set Cache-Control "public"
</LocationMatch>
This example matches all files in /js/ that end with a .js extension and set an expiry time of 10 years into the future relative to the time the file is accessed. It also explicitly sets Cache-Control to be public; we run everything over SSL, so it might not be necessary otherwise, but it won't hurt you either way.
This example can easily be extended to match your CSS locations and files as well; just copy, paste and change the LocationMatch.
There are plenty of sites that will give you a full rundown on this; check out this one, "Caching Tutorial", which seems to cover it all.
/min/README.txt has documentation for sending far-future expires headers.
Minify can send far-future (one year) Expires headers. To enable this you must
add a number to the querystring (e.g. /min/?g=js&1234 or /min/f=file.js&1234)
and alter it whenever a source file is changed. If you have a build process you
can use a build/source control revision number.
You can alternately use the utility function Minify_getUri() to get a "versioned"
Minify URI for use in your HTML.
That depends on what web server you are using. It can't be done by modifying the CSS or script files themselves, though.

How to run Wordpress admin on a different subdomain?

I have the requirement of running the Wordpress admin over https.
We use a cdn to deliver cached content for the site but the cdn cannot accept secure traffic (only one SSL cert per IP allowed, and we run several sites off it). I cannot control redirects for httpS://www.mysite.com/.
I would like to have:
http://www.mysite.com/blog/
httpS://secure.mysite.com/blog/wp-admin/
httpS://secure.mysite.com/blog/wp-login.php
I have tried rewriting the urls as suggested in the article http://codex.wordpress.org/Administration_Over_SSL#Virtual_Hosts.
Hypothetically, you could use a host with a different name, such as wpadmin.mysite.com
Unfortunately trying this as suggested still sends me to httpS://www.mysite.com/blog/login.php.
# No matter what it redirects to the wrong subdomain for login.php
http://www.mysite.com/blog/wp-admin/
-> httpS://secure.mysite.com/blog/wp-admin/
-> httpS://www.mysite.com/blog/wp-login.php.
Also when directly going to the css files still link to the wrong url (.)
The simple solution would have been to run the blog off http://blog.mysite.com/blog/. Unfortunately this has been tried and was decided against for SEO reasons.
Is there anyway Wordpress can do this?
Have you looked into this thread? It is a mod on the WordPress HTTPS plugin.
Not too sure if you have seen this article but it's pretty comprehensive when it comes to Wordpress Admin over SSL. Scroll down to the part about Virtual Hosts, and there is information there about setting up the wp-admin as a subdomain.
http://codex.wordpress.org/Administration_Over_SSL
If you're using Apache to serve over SSL, look into mod_proxy.
Using it you can transparently redirect all requests from https://secure.mysite.com/blog/ to http://www.mysite.com/blog/.
The plugin http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/admin-ssl-secure-admin/ is exactly what I was after.
Unfortunately its broken on newer Wordpress versions :(
To enable admin access for http://blog.example.com through https://ssl.example.com/wp-admins/blog/wp-login.php with pure Apache config so you have no dependence on Wordpress plugins and updates you may want to...
...use mod_proxy on an HTTPS apache virtual host to forward traffic, ensure ProxyPreserveHost is Off so that host names in the proxy statements are sent through to the wordpress server. Then mod_substitute is used (make sure to turn it on) to fix the broken links coming back from wordpress.
<Location /wp-admins/blog/>
AddOutputFilterByType SUBSTITUTE text/html
AddOutputFilterByType SUBSTITUTE text/css
AddOutputFilterByType SUBSTITUTE application/javascript
AddOutputFilterByType SUBSTITUTE application/json
Substitute "s|http://blog.example.com|https://ssl.example.com/wp-admins/blog|i"
Substitute "s|blog.example.com\\\/|blog.example.com\\/wp-admins\\/blog\\/|i"
Substitute "s|'/wp-admin|'/wp-admins/blog/wp-admin|i"
Substitute "s|\"/wp-admin|\"/wp-admins/blog/wp-admin|i"
Substitute "s|'/wp-includes|'/wp-admins/blog/wp-includes|i"
ProxyPassReverseCookiePath / /wp-admins/blog/
</Location>
ProxyPass /wp-admins/blog/ http://blog.example.com/
ProxyPassReverse /wp-admins/blog/ http://blog.example.com/
For the reverse proxy to work, you need to specify the internal IP of the server hosting blog.example.com. This solution ensures this will work even if the upstream server (10.0.0.4) has several name-based virtual hosts.
10.0.0.4 blog.example.com
For more details, see:
http://tec.libertar.se/how-to-host-wordpress-admin-on-a-seperate-domain-and-subfolder/

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