I have two IF in my php api that checks if request method is POST or DELTE . For Post method I get the variables in "Data" part of ajax using $_POST. But for DELETE Method I can't do.I've used the code below
$deleteAcKey = file_get_contents("php://input");
$test = array();
parse_str($deleteAcKey, $test);
echo json_encode($test);
However I get Some unreadable data. I want some json Data that i would access it in Ajax By using result.message
Any Suggestion?
Any Other way to use?
There is a difference between POST request and DELETE request. The first one has BODY payload - the second one does not or at least is not considered as standard.
A payload within a DELETE request message has no defined semantics;
sending a payload body on a DELETE request might cause some existing
implementations to reject the request.
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7231#section-4.3.5
You can send a BODY with your DELETE method but it will be 99% ignored.
In your case you should user query parameters.
I have been directed to use the method php://input instead of $_POST when interacting with Ajax requests from JQuery. What I do not understand is the benefits of using this vs the global method of $_POST or $_GET.
The reason is that php://input returns all the raw data after the HTTP-headers of the request, regardless of the content type.
The PHP superglobal $_POST, only is supposed to wrap data that is either
application/x-www-form-urlencoded (standard content type for simple form-posts) or
multipart/form-data (mostly used for file uploads)
This is because these are the only content types that must be supported by user agents. So the server and PHP traditionally don't expect to receive any other content type (which doesn't mean they couldn't).
So, if you simply POST a good old HTML form, the request looks something like this:
POST /page.php HTTP/1.1
key1=value1&key2=value2&key3=value3
But if you are working with Ajax a lot, this probaby also includes exchanging more complex data with types (string, int, bool) and structures (arrays, objects), so in most cases JSON is the best choice. But a request with a JSON-payload would look something like this:
POST /page.php HTTP/1.1
{"key1":"value1","key2":"value2","key3":"value3"}
The content would now be application/json (or at least none of the above mentioned), so PHP's $_POST-wrapper doesn't know how to handle that (yet).
The data is still there, you just can't access it through the wrapper. So you need to fetch it yourself in raw format with file_get_contents('php://input') (as long as it's not multipart/form-data-encoded).
This is also how you would access XML-data or any other non-standard content type.
First, a basic truth about PHP.
PHP was not designed to explicitly give you a pure REST (GET, POST, PUT, PATCH, DELETE) like interface for handling HTTP requests.
However, the $_SERVER, $_COOKIE, $_POST, $_GET, and $_FILES superglobals, and the function filter_input_array() are very useful for the average person's / layman's needs.
The number one hidden advantage of $_POST (and $_GET) is that your input data is url-decoded automatically by PHP. You never even think about having to do it, especially for query string parameters within a standard GET request, or HTTP body data submitted with a POST request.
Other HTTP Request Methods
Those studying the underlying HTTP protocol and its various request methods come to understand that there are many HTTP request methods, including the often referenced PUT, PATCH (not used in Google's Apigee), and DELETE.
In PHP, there are no superglobals or input filter functions for getting HTTP request body data when POST is not used. What are disciples of Roy Fielding to do? ;-)
However, then you learn more ...
That being said, as you advance in your PHP programming knowledge and want to use JavaScript's XmlHttpRequest object (jQuery for some), you come to see the limitation of this scheme.
$_POST limits you to the use of two media types in the HTTP Content-Type header:
application/x-www-form-urlencoded, and
multipart/form-data
Thus, if you want to send data values to PHP on the server, and have it show up in the $_POST superglobal, then you must urlencode it on the client-side and send said data as key/value pairs--an inconvenient step for novices (especially when trying to figure out if different parts of the URL require different forms of urlencoding: normal, raw, etc..).
For all you jQuery users, the $.ajax() method is converting your JSON to URL encoded key/value pairs before transmitting them to the server. You can override this behavior by setting processData: false. Just read the $.ajax() documentation, and don't forget to send the correct media type in the Content-Type header.
php://input, but ...
Even if you use php://input instead of $_POST for your HTTP POST request body data, it will not work with an HTTP Content-Type of multipart/form-data This is the content type that you use on an HTML form when you want to allow file uploads!
<form enctype="multipart/form-data" accept-charset="utf-8" action="post">
<input type="file" name="resume">
</form>
Therefore, in traditional PHP, to deal with a diversity of content types from an HTTP POST request, you will learn to use $_POST or filter_input_array(POST), $_FILES, and php://input. There is no way to just use one, universal input source for HTTP POST requests in PHP.
You cannot get files through $_POST, filter_input_array(POST), or php://input, and you cannot get JSON/XML/YAML in either filter_input_array(POST) or $_POST.
PHP Manual: php://input
php://input is a read-only stream that allows you to read raw data
from the request body...php://input is not available with
enctype="multipart/form-data".
PHP Frameworks to the rescue?
PHP frameworks like Codeigniter 4 and Laravel use a facade to provide a cleaner interface (IncomingRequest or Request objects) to the above. This is why professional PHP developers use frameworks instead of raw PHP.
Of course, if you like to program, you can devise your own facade object to provide what frameworks do. It is because I have taken time to investigate this issue that I am able to write this answer.
URL encoding? What the heck!!!???
Typically, if you are doing a normal, synchronous (when the entire page redraws) HTTP requests with an HTML form, the user-agent (web browser) will urlencode your form data for you. If you want to do an asynchronous HTTP requests using the XmlHttpRequest object, then you must fashion a urlencoded string and send it, if you want that data to show up in the $_POST superglobal.
How in touch are you with JavaScript? :-)
Converting from a JavaScript array or object to a urlencoded string bothers many developers (even with new APIs like Form Data). They would much rather just be able to send JSON, and it would be more efficient for the client code to do so.
Remember (wink, wink), the average web developer does not learn to use the XmlHttpRequest object directly, global functions, string functions, array functions, and regular expressions like you and I ;-). Urlencoding for them is a nightmare. ;-)
PHP, what gives?
PHP's lack of intuitive XML and JSON handling turns many people off. You would think it would be part of PHP by now (sigh).
So many media types (MIME types in the past)
XML, JSON, and YAML all have media types that can be put into an HTTP Content-Type header.
application/xml
applicaiton/json
application/yaml (although IANA has no official designation listed)
Look how many media-types (formerly, MIME types) are defined by IANA.
Look how many HTTP headers there are.
php://input or bust
Using the php://input stream allows you to circumvent the baby-sitting / hand holding level of abstraction that PHP has forced on the world. :-) With great power comes great responsibility!
Now, before you deal with data values streamed through php://input, you should / must do a few things.
Determine if the correct HTTP method has been indicated (GET, POST,
PUT, PATCH, DELETE, ...)
Determine if the HTTP Content-Type header has been transmitted.
Determine if the value for the Content-Type is the desired media
type.
Determine if the data sent is well formed XML / JSON / YAML /
etc.
If necessary, convert the data to a PHP datatype: array or
object.
If any of these basic checks or conversions fails, throw an exception!
What about the character encoding?
AH, HA! Yes, you might want the data stream being sent into your application to be UTF-8 encoded, but how can you know if it is or not?
Two critical problems.
You do not know how much data is coming through php://input.
You do not know for certain the current encoding of the data stream.
Are you going to attempt to handle stream data without knowing how much is there first? That is a terrible idea. You cannot rely exclusively on the HTTP Content-Length header for guidance on the size of streamed input because it can be spoofed.
You are going to need a:
Stream size detection algorithm.
Application defined stream size limits (Apache / Nginx / PHP limits may be too broad).
Are you going to attempt to convert stream data to UTF-8 without knowing the current encoding of the stream? How? The iconv stream filter (iconv stream filter example) seems to want a starting and ending encoding, like this.
'convert.iconv.ISO-8859-1/UTF-8'
Thus, if you are conscientious, you will need:
Stream encoding detection algorithm.
Dynamic / runtime stream filter definition algorithm (because you cannot know the starting encoding a priori).
(Update: 'convert.iconv.UTF-8/UTF-8' will force everything to UTF-8, but you still have to account for characters that the iconv library might not know how to translate. In other words, you have to some how define what action to take when a character cannot be translated: 1) Insert a dummy character, 2) Fail / throw and exception).
You cannot rely exclusively on the HTTP Content-Encoding header, as this might indicate something like compression as in the following. This is not what you want to make a decision off of in regards to iconv.
Content-Encoding: gzip
Therefore, the general steps might be ...
Part I: HTTP Request Related
Determine if the correct HTTP method has been indicated (GET, POST,
PUT, PATCH, DELETE, ...)
Determine if the HTTP Content-Type header has been transmitted.
Determine if the value for the Content-Type is the desired media
type.
Part II: Stream Data Related
Determine the size of the input stream (optional, but recommended).
Determine the encoding of the input stream.
If necessary, convert the input stream to the desired character
encoding (UTF-8).
If necessary, reverse any application level compression or encryption, and then repeat steps 4, 5, and 6.
Part III: Data Type Related
Determine if the data sent is well formed XML / JSON / YMAL /
etc.
(Remember, the data can still be a URL encoded string which you must then parse and URL decode).
If necessary, convert the data to a PHP datatype: array or
object.
Part IV: Data Value Related
Filter input data.
Validate input data.
Now do you see?
The $_POST superglobal, along with php.ini settings for limits on input, are simpler for the layman. However, dealing with character encoding is much more intuitive and efficient when using streams because there is no need to loop through superglobals (or arrays, generally) to check input values for the proper encoding.
php://input can give you the raw bytes of the data. This is useful if the POSTed data is a JSON encoded structure, which is often the case for an AJAX POST request.
Here's a function to do just that:
/**
* Returns the JSON encoded POST data, if any, as an object.
*
* #return Object|null
*/
private function retrieveJsonPostData()
{
// get the raw POST data
$rawData = file_get_contents("php://input");
// this returns null if not valid json
return json_decode($rawData);
}
The $_POST array is more useful when you're handling key-value data from a form, submitted by a traditional POST. This only works if the POSTed data is in a recognised format, usually application/x-www-form-urlencoded (see http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/interact/forms.html#h-17.13.4 for details).
If post data is malformed, $_POST will not contain anything. Yet, php://input will have the malformed string.
For example there is some ajax applications, that do not form correct post key-value sequence for uploading a file, and just dump all the file as post data, without variable names or anything.
$_POST will be empty, $_FILES empty also, and php://input will contain exact file, written as a string.
if (strtoupper($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD']) != 'POST') {
throw new Exception('Only POST requests are allowed');
}
// Make sure Content-Type is application/json
$content_type = isset($_SERVER['CONTENT_TYPE']) ? $_SERVER['CONTENT_TYPE'] : '';
if (stripos($content_type, 'application/json') === false) {
throw new Exception('Content-Type must be application/json');
}
// Read the input stream
$body = file_get_contents("php://input");
// Decode the JSON object
$object = json_decode($body, true);
Simple example of how to use it
<?php
if(!isset($_POST) || empty($_POST)) {
?>
<form name="form1" method="post" action="">
<input type="text" name="textfield"><br />
<input type="submit" name="Submit" value="submit">
</form>
<?php
} else {
$example = file_get_contents("php://input");
echo $example; }
?>
I have the following http.get request...
$http.get("api/checkSave/"+ JSON.stringify($scope.programDetails)).then(function(data) {
....
});
In my programDetails object, there is at least one field that can have a URL in it. I thought the stringify would've properly encoded the object so it would get passed correctly to my PHP function. What seems to happen though is that the URL isn't sent properly. I get an error that the server responded with a 404 not found error. I manually tried removing the URL in the request (copied it to the browser and sent an empty string for the URL field) and the request was processed correctly - that's why I am thinking the stringify can't do what I need.
I also need to send this data via a http.post later to save the data in the object. Hopefully, whatever I need to do in the get will also apply when I call the post.
Should the stringify pass along the data correctly or do I need to encode it differently? I've been using stringify in other apps, but haven't had to pass a URL in the data.
If I need to do it differently, I would need to know what to do on the PHP side to decode it for processing. The examples I find for get/post all seem to pass individual variables and not an object and not with an URL in one of the variables. I've seen encodeURIComponent mentioned but wasn't sure if that's what I need to use instead and if so, then what to use on the PHP side to decode it properly.
This doesn't really have much to do with the data consisting of a URL (only that a URL has a much better chance of having characters in it that have special meaning within a URL than other data).
The problem is that you are putting the data into a URL and URLs are not JSON texts.
To encode a string to put it in a URL use encodeURIComponent.
So it ended up that I had to replace the '/' in the fields that contained links and then it worked. Otherwise, the '/' was making it seem as though I was passing additional parameters in my get call. Thanks for the help!
Here's a stupid question, don't laugh, I've been trying to figure this out but no luck, I guess I'm too tired. So there's an application sending data (image file as string) to a php script, sending it with XMLHttpRequest.send(data). My question is how do I access this string in PHP to save it to a file?
EDIT $_POST, $_GET and $_FILES are all empty
First: Make sure you are sending a POST request (when you call the open method)
Second: Since it looks like you are sending raw data, set an appropriate content type (with setRequestHeader)
Third: You should be able to retrieve the data with $HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA or file_get_contents("php://input");.
hey,
i have about 30 variables which are created and modified by user (none of which comes from input, so submitting a form is not really an option), once modification finished a JS function process the variables and spouse to post them to the controller which will then send the to the model.
now, as appears in the title, my question is what is the best way for me to send them?
thnx for time and attention,
Ido
I wouldn't use GET for this unless it's something like a complex search form.
You can POST values in JavaScript either by using some form of AJAX or by generating a hidden form and submitting it.
Modern browsers and newer versions of PHP both support JSON, and there are supporting libraries you can use if the browsers you need to support or the PHP version you're stuck with are old. I'd recommend this as a way of getting data back and forth.
Client side JS:
var myobject = {
userparam: "value",
anotherThing: "another value",
something: "etc"
}
var serialized = JSON.stringify(myobject);
// use any AJAX technicque to POST 'serialized' back to the server
Then on the server-side:
<?php
$myobject = json_decode( $_POST['serialized'], true );
$myobject['userparam'] == "value"; // true
Hope this helps!
I would use a POST using an ajax-submitted form. You can simply create a form with hidden inputs and then use your favorite ajax library to submit the form to the server as a POST request.
If the variables are tightly related you can shove them into an array and POST them (use Javascript to construct the array of course). Another alternative would be to name each one of them and POST them separately?
POST array look like this: arr[]=Hello&arr[]=World
in PHP you can access it like
<?php
arr = $_POST['arr'] // ["Hello", "World"]
?>
Hope that helped!
Weigh it up between POST and GET. GET is better if you want to navigate back to the a page with a given set of 'variables'. POST is better if you're submitting a lot of content. However, a POST request is less 'efficient' as a GET request - bear that in mind and only use POST if you really need to.