If you want to implement licensing module in downloadable php application that need:
to allow application to run only on specified domain(s)
to be impossible to remove or go around
to work without Zend Optimizer or Ioncube loader (i.e. without encoding whole application)
what you think is best way to do it? If encoder is needed, do you see solution that encoding is used only for licensing module related logic i.e. allowing application to be altered without compromising licensing?
Cheers
Anti-copy schemes just don't work. See numerous previous posts on this site & elsewhere.
You cannot stop people from copying your code.
You could, I supose obfuscate it, mkaing it very difficult for them to change. And, maybe buried in there (or as a necessary .exe, without whcih your code won't function0, you could 'phone home and gradually build a database of IP addresses that are using your code - although I am not sure what that would get you.
Give up on the idea, plan to erly on lawyers if necessary, and put your efforts into developing your product.
I have taken advantage of the latest version of PHP 5.6 which has some new features that can be leveraged in to a licensing and distribution trialware. You can now distribute password protected files and demo applications.
Since there are some best practices to doing this correctly. I am distributing a demonstration website application showing how to setup your apps so they can be launched and checked in real-time for licenses codes just like a desktop application. As a matter of fact the protection extends to the desktop. I am selling the initial code to developers via binpress.com at fhqk.binpress.com. The online demo is http://fhqk.com/informationtechnology/ssl (Simple Secure Licensing)
Related
First of all, I'm not looking for miracle... I know how PHP works and that there's not really way to hide my code from the clients without using encryption. But that comes with the cost of an extension to be installed on the running server.
I'm looking for something different though... I'm not looking to encrypt my code or even obfuscate it. There are many PHP scripts without encrypted/obfuscated code but they are commercial applications. For instance, vBulletin and/or IP.Board forum applications.
I just want to know what approach do these guys use for their applications...
I'm also open to any other suggestions.
Please note that I'm a single person and not working for a company. My product is also very specific, it won't sell that much. I just want you guys to know that I can't afford to consult a legal professional either to sue someone or prepare a commercial license. I'm just looking for a simple way to protect my simple product, if it's indeed possible, somehow...
Obfuscating things can only inconvenience your legitimate, law-abiding customers, while the people who would would rip you off are not your target paying customers anyway. (edited out other thoughts about obfuscation)
Another suggestion for protecting your software: create a business model in which the code is an incomplete part of the value of your offering. For example, sell product licenses along with access to some data you manage on your site, or license the product on a subscription model or with customer support.
Designing a EULA is a legal matter, not a coding matter. You can start by reading some EULA text for products and websites you use. You might find some interesting details!
Creating a proprietary license is is highly flexible, and probably a subject beyond the intended scope of StackOverflow, since it's not strictly about coding.
Some parts of a EULA that come to mind:
Limiting your liability if the product has bugs or causes damage.
Spelling out how the customer can use their licensed software, for how long, on how many machines, with or without redistribution rights, etc.
Giving you rights to audit their site, so you can enforce the licenses.
What happens if they violate the EULA, e.g. they lose their privilege to use your software.
You should consult a legal professional to prepare a commercial EULA.
edit: If this project can't justify the expense of a lawyer, check out these resources:
"EULA advice" on joelonsoftware
"How to Write an End User License Agreement"
You need to consider your objectives:
1) Are you trying to prevent people from reading/modifying your code? If yes, you'll need an obfuscation/encryption tool. I've used Zend Guard with good success.
2) Are you trying to prevent unauthorized redistribution of your code?? A EULA/proprietary license will give you the legal power to prevent that, but won't actually stop it. An key/activation scheme will allow you to actively monitor usage, but can be removed unless you also encrypt your code. Zend Guard also has capabilities to lock a particular script to a particular customer machine and/or create time limited versions of the code if that's what you want to do.
I'm not familiar with vBulletin and the like, but they'd either need to encrypt/obfuscate or trust their users to do the right thing. In the latter case they have the protection of having a EULA which prohibits the behaviors they find undesirable, and the legal system to back up breaches of the EULA.
If you're not prepared/able to take legal action to protect your software and you don't want to encrypt/obfuscate, your options are a) Release it with a EULA so you're have a legal option if you ever need it and hope for the best, or b) consider whether an open source license might be more appropriate and just allow redistribution.
I have not looked at the VBulletin source code in some time, but the way they used to do it around 2003 was to embed a call to their server inside the code. IIRC, it was on a really long code line (like 200-300+ chars long) and was broken up over several string concatenations and such.
It did nothing "bad" if you pirated it - the forum still worked 100%. But your server's IP was logged along with other info and they used that to investigate and take legal action.
Your license number was embedded in this call, so they could easily track how many IPs/websites a given licensed copy was running on.
If you can't create a "cloud app" that you host yourself and they access via the Web, then you could look into creating a virtual appliance using a virtual server (from VMWare, Parallels, Sun, etc) and install a "lite" version of Linux on that. Put your PHP code in the virtual environment and install the virtual machine on their server. Make sure to create a way to prevent loading into root. Of course, this would involve physically visiting the client yourself.
They distribute their software under a proprietary license. The law protects their rights and prevents their customers from redistributing the source, though there is no actual difficulty doing so.
But as you might be well aware, copyright infringement (piracy) of software products is a pretty common phenomenon.
The only way to really protect your php-applications from other, is to not share the source code. If you post you code somewhere online, or send it to you customers by some medium, other people than you have access to the code.
You could add an unique watermark to every single copy of your code. That way you can trace leaks back to a singe customer. (But will that help you, since the code already are outside of your control?)
Most code I see comes with a licence and maybe a warranty. A line at the top of the script telling people not to alter the script, will maybe be enought. Self; when I find non-open source code, I won't use it in my projects. Maybe I'm a bit dupe, but I expect ppl not to use my none-OSS code!
in my opinion is, but just in case if your php code program is written for standalone model... best solutions is c) You could wrap the php in a container like Phalanger (.NET). as everyone knows it's bind tightly to the system especially if your program is intended for windows users. you just can make your own protection algorithm in windows programming language like .NET/VB/C# or whatever you know in .NET prog.lang.family sets.
Zend Guard does not support php 5.5 and is easy to reverse, go for http://www.ioncube.com for obfuscation. http://wwww.phplicengine.com can license the scripts remotely or locally.
See our SD PHP Obfuscator. Handles huge systems of PHP files. No runtime requirements on PHP server. No extra runtime overhead.
[EDIT May 2016] A recent answer noted that Zend does not handle PHP5.5. The SD PHP Obfuscator does.
I have created a library for this purpose. It uses OPCache only, in order to covert php to op codes. The library compiles your PHP code to opcodes and removes code from all php files included in your project. All produced opcode files are saved on the server's filesystem and used by OPcache!
https://github.com/notihnio/php-cactus
So let me see, we want to show adam and eve there's some forbidden fruit in a tree, adn we 'd like a way to prevent them from eating...
How about having an angel with a flaming sword?
Might sound naive, and I dunno what your application does actually, but what about the extensive use of includes?
For the legitimate user, is all the software that should be visible or only parts of it?
Because you could obfuscate and give a copy of source code to legitimate
You could wrap the php in a container like Phalanger (.NET)
Perhaps your concerned with external theft, meaning your code freely visible over the web as customers uses it. This could be worth investing in a cheap web site hosting, for $50 a year, registering your legit customers with a serial in their code and have your app posting info to your web site regularly. At least, you'd detect when code has been compromised. You could push it with a self destruct after n days, giving you enough time to contact your customer and change the serial. This could be the only obfuscated include() of the whole code
I have on PHP application(like industry machine temperature monitoring and reporting).
Now, My client is asking full source code(including server side,client side,Database) of application. My terms to the client is, the product can be modified/used for their own needs but should not be distributed to others without my permission.
My Question:
Is any way to monitoring, the application is only used by my client?
Can I implement any Authorization/Authentication technique to attain my requirements.
I need your direction/idea.
Thanks
It may depend on why they need it. You could however encode the "core" of your application using
http://www.zend.com/en/products/zend-guard
http://www.ioncube.com/
http://www.sourceguardian.com/
However this will force you to write a modular part which can still be edited to proved enhancements. This will probably cost you a lot of work.
I've developed an application in PHP - Codeigniter. I would like to sell that to clients who are interested. Application has to be hosted on client server.
But, he are comes the questions
client shouldn't able to edit / Modify the code written by me.
It shouldn't be able to replicate to another server.
coding shouldn't understand by other developers to modify.(should be encrypted).
It shouldn't change normal execution of application.
My whole point is even after the product sold to someone it's maintenance should be done by me and it shouldn't replicate.
Any process / application can help on this to encrypt the complete project and runs the application in normal way without any hassles in local / server.
There are some encrpytion frameworks for php such as ZendGuard and Ioncube. I used both for different projects and they are both very capable. However, ioncube is more up to date and supports newer php versions. You can encode your project with a few options including mac address or domain restrictions etc. Those softwares also use opcode cache so they can even run your code slightly faster if you already dont use any opcode cache.
You can use IonCube, but beware you can find decoders online pretty easily. So if someone wants to get your source code, they can.
Maybe you can look into code obfuscation in combination with ioncube. To make it a lot harder and the source code less usable.
I am thinking about selling Magento modules on my website and need your advise what would be the best way to do it.
Here is what I thought:
Install Magento store on my website
When client purchase the module from my store - he is required to enter his domain name
If order is successfully processed and payment is received - Magento or standalone script encode purchased module using ionCube or Zend Guard "On-The-Fly" and generates license to work on provided domain name only.
Is there a script that can do all of this? Or should I write my own code? What do you think about encoding scripts in order to protect your work?
Any thoughts and suggestions are welcome.
Thanks
This is really a matter of opinion and debat-able, however below is my feeling towards such:
Disadvantages of encrypting your code:
Obviously: It is (almost) impossible to modify or extend for custom
needs, without having to contact the original developer which adds
more cost to your end user as well as causing more time for “custom”
development.
3rd party server software like Zend Optimizer is needed
in order to execute the encrypted code. Which can be a headache by
itself.
Confusion during transfer for binary and text data, ultimately
corrupting your binary encrypted data.
It is impossible to have others
contribute to your code to improve it, and/or help with bug finding
and fixes.
As a store owner or maintainer I’m less confident you are
not utilizing any of my data collected from my stores.
Maintenance
becomes chaotic. Having to re-encrypt every release, can be quite
pain staking. This is especially true if you have a bug fix that
needs to be offered to all of your customers using it – however, the
ones with “Custom” versions will require re-encryption for all.
Unless your using some kind of release management that handles this
automatically for you. Most don’t I’m sure.
Full article: http://www.molotovbliss.com/magento-module-developers-stop-encrypting-and-domain-jailing
With that said, I've changed my mind on phone home calls. Since I've posted this article.
I'm okay with modules making phone calls home to a developers site to check for licensing, if you have a simple observer that did such and was done properly (By properly I mean don't break my site because your phone home server is down, and don't make my end users wait for the validation), I wouldn't see any problem with obfuscating this portion of code as long as it didn't interfere with the modules overall functionality, i.e., it is strictly there for checking a license, no module functionality encrypted. I believe Boris (unigry) does such and works well, even though I've had to jump through many hoops at times to get ionCube loader working on different environments, so this still something to consider not doing, and just having hope in peoples integrity and honesty to not pirate.
With that said, domain wide acceptance should be standard, I shouldn't need to send in support requests to get my subdomain added to your white list of domains. Personally if you can obfuscate and encode without the need of an apache/php module is a huge plus. General end users won't know where to remove such code at times.
To answer your question, a home brew script and process would be ideal, as using a cookie cutter solution would be easier to reverse engineer.
First of all, I'm not looking for miracle... I know how PHP works and that there's not really way to hide my code from the clients without using encryption. But that comes with the cost of an extension to be installed on the running server.
I'm looking for something different though... I'm not looking to encrypt my code or even obfuscate it. There are many PHP scripts without encrypted/obfuscated code but they are commercial applications. For instance, vBulletin and/or IP.Board forum applications.
I just want to know what approach do these guys use for their applications...
I'm also open to any other suggestions.
Please note that I'm a single person and not working for a company. My product is also very specific, it won't sell that much. I just want you guys to know that I can't afford to consult a legal professional either to sue someone or prepare a commercial license. I'm just looking for a simple way to protect my simple product, if it's indeed possible, somehow...
Obfuscating things can only inconvenience your legitimate, law-abiding customers, while the people who would would rip you off are not your target paying customers anyway. (edited out other thoughts about obfuscation)
Another suggestion for protecting your software: create a business model in which the code is an incomplete part of the value of your offering. For example, sell product licenses along with access to some data you manage on your site, or license the product on a subscription model or with customer support.
Designing a EULA is a legal matter, not a coding matter. You can start by reading some EULA text for products and websites you use. You might find some interesting details!
Creating a proprietary license is is highly flexible, and probably a subject beyond the intended scope of StackOverflow, since it's not strictly about coding.
Some parts of a EULA that come to mind:
Limiting your liability if the product has bugs or causes damage.
Spelling out how the customer can use their licensed software, for how long, on how many machines, with or without redistribution rights, etc.
Giving you rights to audit their site, so you can enforce the licenses.
What happens if they violate the EULA, e.g. they lose their privilege to use your software.
You should consult a legal professional to prepare a commercial EULA.
edit: If this project can't justify the expense of a lawyer, check out these resources:
"EULA advice" on joelonsoftware
"How to Write an End User License Agreement"
You need to consider your objectives:
1) Are you trying to prevent people from reading/modifying your code? If yes, you'll need an obfuscation/encryption tool. I've used Zend Guard with good success.
2) Are you trying to prevent unauthorized redistribution of your code?? A EULA/proprietary license will give you the legal power to prevent that, but won't actually stop it. An key/activation scheme will allow you to actively monitor usage, but can be removed unless you also encrypt your code. Zend Guard also has capabilities to lock a particular script to a particular customer machine and/or create time limited versions of the code if that's what you want to do.
I'm not familiar with vBulletin and the like, but they'd either need to encrypt/obfuscate or trust their users to do the right thing. In the latter case they have the protection of having a EULA which prohibits the behaviors they find undesirable, and the legal system to back up breaches of the EULA.
If you're not prepared/able to take legal action to protect your software and you don't want to encrypt/obfuscate, your options are a) Release it with a EULA so you're have a legal option if you ever need it and hope for the best, or b) consider whether an open source license might be more appropriate and just allow redistribution.
I have not looked at the VBulletin source code in some time, but the way they used to do it around 2003 was to embed a call to their server inside the code. IIRC, it was on a really long code line (like 200-300+ chars long) and was broken up over several string concatenations and such.
It did nothing "bad" if you pirated it - the forum still worked 100%. But your server's IP was logged along with other info and they used that to investigate and take legal action.
Your license number was embedded in this call, so they could easily track how many IPs/websites a given licensed copy was running on.
If you can't create a "cloud app" that you host yourself and they access via the Web, then you could look into creating a virtual appliance using a virtual server (from VMWare, Parallels, Sun, etc) and install a "lite" version of Linux on that. Put your PHP code in the virtual environment and install the virtual machine on their server. Make sure to create a way to prevent loading into root. Of course, this would involve physically visiting the client yourself.
They distribute their software under a proprietary license. The law protects their rights and prevents their customers from redistributing the source, though there is no actual difficulty doing so.
But as you might be well aware, copyright infringement (piracy) of software products is a pretty common phenomenon.
The only way to really protect your php-applications from other, is to not share the source code. If you post you code somewhere online, or send it to you customers by some medium, other people than you have access to the code.
You could add an unique watermark to every single copy of your code. That way you can trace leaks back to a singe customer. (But will that help you, since the code already are outside of your control?)
Most code I see comes with a licence and maybe a warranty. A line at the top of the script telling people not to alter the script, will maybe be enought. Self; when I find non-open source code, I won't use it in my projects. Maybe I'm a bit dupe, but I expect ppl not to use my none-OSS code!
in my opinion is, but just in case if your php code program is written for standalone model... best solutions is c) You could wrap the php in a container like Phalanger (.NET). as everyone knows it's bind tightly to the system especially if your program is intended for windows users. you just can make your own protection algorithm in windows programming language like .NET/VB/C# or whatever you know in .NET prog.lang.family sets.
Zend Guard does not support php 5.5 and is easy to reverse, go for http://www.ioncube.com for obfuscation. http://wwww.phplicengine.com can license the scripts remotely or locally.
See our SD PHP Obfuscator. Handles huge systems of PHP files. No runtime requirements on PHP server. No extra runtime overhead.
[EDIT May 2016] A recent answer noted that Zend does not handle PHP5.5. The SD PHP Obfuscator does.
I have created a library for this purpose. It uses OPCache only, in order to covert php to op codes. The library compiles your PHP code to opcodes and removes code from all php files included in your project. All produced opcode files are saved on the server's filesystem and used by OPcache!
https://github.com/notihnio/php-cactus
So let me see, we want to show adam and eve there's some forbidden fruit in a tree, adn we 'd like a way to prevent them from eating...
How about having an angel with a flaming sword?
Might sound naive, and I dunno what your application does actually, but what about the extensive use of includes?
For the legitimate user, is all the software that should be visible or only parts of it?
Because you could obfuscate and give a copy of source code to legitimate
You could wrap the php in a container like Phalanger (.NET)
Perhaps your concerned with external theft, meaning your code freely visible over the web as customers uses it. This could be worth investing in a cheap web site hosting, for $50 a year, registering your legit customers with a serial in their code and have your app posting info to your web site regularly. At least, you'd detect when code has been compromised. You could push it with a self destruct after n days, giving you enough time to contact your customer and change the serial. This could be the only obfuscated include() of the whole code