SQL error when generated SQL command with Doctrine PHP - php

I use Doctrine on my PHP web application with a MySQL database. I have a little problem with my request :
$q = Doctrine_Query::create()
->select('event.EventDate, event.EventId, player.PlayerId, player.FirstName,
player.LastName, player.Login, player.Email,
event_period.EventPeriodId, event.Type, event.Description,
period.StartHour, period.EndHour, player_event_period.Participate,
event_period.CourtNumber')
->from('Event event, Player player, Period period')
->leftJoin('player.PlayerEventPeriod player_event_period')
->leftJoin('player_event_period.EventPeriod event_period')
->where('period.PeriodId = event_period.PeriodId')
->andWhere('event.EventId = event_period.EventId');
if I show what is the generated MySQL command, I can see
SELECT e.eventid AS e__eventid, e.eventdate AS e__eventdate, e.type AS e__type, e.description AS e__description, p.playerid AS p__playerid, p.firstname AS p__firstname, p.lastname AS p__lastname, p.login AS p__login, p.email AS p__email, p2.periodid AS p2__periodid, p2.starthour AS p2__starthour, p2.endhour AS p2__endhour, p3.playereventperiodid AS p3__playereventperiodid, p3.participate AS p3__participate, e2.eventperiodid AS e2__eventperiodid, e2.courtnumber AS e2__courtnumber
FROM event e, player p, period p2
LEFT JOIN player_event_period p3 ON p.playerid = p3.playerid
LEFT JOIN event_period e2 ON p3.eventperiodid = e2.eventperiodid
WHERE (
p2.periodid = e2.periodid
AND e.eventid = e2.eventid
);
I get error :
#1054 - Unknown column 'p.playerid' in 'on clause'
What's wrong with my request ?
Thank you in advance
EDIT:
If that could help you. I have add the script that creates my database tables.
CREATE TABLE `event` (
`EventId` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`Type` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
`Description` text,
`EventDate` datetime NOT NULL,
`CreationDate` datetime NOT NULL,
`UpdateDate` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00 00:00:00' ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
PRIMARY KEY (`EventId`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
CREATE TABLE `event_period` (
`EventPeriodId` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`PeriodId` int(11) NOT NULL,
`EventId` int(11) NOT NULL,
`CourtNumber` int(11) NOT NULL,
`CreationDate` datetime NOT NULL,
`UpdateDate` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
PRIMARY KEY (`EventPeriodId`),
KEY `fk_event_period_to_period` (`PeriodId`),
KEY `fk_event_period_to_event` (`EventId`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
CREATE TABLE `period` (
`PeriodId` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`StartHour` time NOT NULL,
`EndHour` time NOT NULL,
`CreationDate` datetime NOT NULL,
`UpdateDate` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
PRIMARY KEY (`PeriodId`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
CREATE TABLE `player` (
`PlayerId` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`Login` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
`Password` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
`RankId` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '1',
`FirstName` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
`LastName` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
`Email` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
`ValidateId` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
`InscriptionDate` datetime NOT NULL,
`Enable` tinyint(1) NOT NULL,
`CreationDate` datetime NOT NULL,
`UpdateDate` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
PRIMARY KEY (`PlayerId`),
KEY `fk_player_to_rank` (`RankId`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
CREATE TABLE `player_event_period` (
`PlayerEventPeriodId` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`PlayerId` int(11) NOT NULL,
`EventPeriodId` int(11) NOT NULL,
`Participate` tinyint(1) NOT NULL,
`CreationDate` datetime NOT NULL,
`UpdateDate` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
PRIMARY KEY (`PlayerEventPeriodId`),
KEY `fk_player_event_period_to_player` (`PlayerId`),
KEY `fk_player_event_period_to_event_period` (`EventPeriodId`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
ALTER TABLE `event_period`
ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_event_period_to_period` FOREIGN KEY (`PeriodId`) REFERENCES `period` (`PeriodId`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE,
ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_event_period_to_event` FOREIGN KEY (`EventId`) REFERENCES `event` (`EventId`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE;
ALTER TABLE `player`
ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_player_to_rank` FOREIGN KEY (`RankId`) REFERENCES `rank` (`RankId`);
ALTER TABLE `player_event_period`
ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_player_event_period_to_player` FOREIGN KEY (`PlayerId`) REFERENCES `player` (`PlayerId`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE,
ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_player_event_period_to_event_period` FOREIGN KEY (`EventPeriodId`) REFERENCES `event_period` (`EventPeriodId`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE;

Not sure how your models look but do your table called "player" have a column called "playerid" in it?
That's what mysql is complaining about.
[Edit]
I think that Doctrine prefers column names i lowercase.
(Can't remember if MySQL is case-sensitive regarding column names...)

Case sensitivity of MySQL column names depends on how the database/schema/tables are configured, but it looks like yours are case sensitive.
You haven't provided the entity definitions so I'm guessing at the issue, but try setting the name of the column.
For example for player id the annotation would be:
/**
* #Column(name="PlayerId", type="integer", length=11, nullable=false)
* #Id
* GeneratedValue(strategy="AUTO")
*/
protected $PlayerId;

Related

How to select from relational database?

I am starting to learn how databases work and I have always had all my data in one table. I am looking over an open-source project which I would like to create an interface for and the database structure is too complicated for me to understand.
I am sure it has a relational database structure (if I have learned properly). This is what the database structure looks like:
-- Table structure for table `databasechangelog`
--
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `databasechangelog` (
`ID` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`AUTHOR` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`FILENAME` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`DATEEXECUTED` datetime NOT NULL,
`ORDEREXECUTED` int(11) NOT NULL,
`EXECTYPE` varchar(10) NOT NULL,
`MD5SUM` varchar(35) DEFAULT NULL,
`DESCRIPTION` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`COMMENTS` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`TAG` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`LIQUIBASE` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`CONTEXTS` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`LABELS` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
-- --------------------------------------------------------
-- Table structure for table `databasechangeloglock`
--
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `databasechangeloglock` (
`ID` int(11) NOT NULL,
`LOCKED` bit(1) NOT NULL,
`LOCKGRANTED` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
`LOCKEDBY` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
-- --------------------------------------------------------
-- Table structure for table `devices`
--
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `devices` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
`uniqueid` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
`status` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,
`lastupdate` timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`positionid` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE KEY `uk_device_uniqueid` (`uniqueid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=2 ;
-- --------------------------------------------------------
-- Table structure for table `positions`
--
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `positions` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`protocol` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,
`deviceid` int(11) NOT NULL,
`servertime` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
`devicetime` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
`fixtime` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
`valid` bit(1) NOT NULL,
`latitude` double NOT NULL,
`longitude` double NOT NULL,
`altitude` float NOT NULL,
`speed` float NOT NULL,
`course` float NOT NULL,
`address` varchar(512) DEFAULT NULL,
`attributes` varchar(4096) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `position_deviceid_fixtime` (`deviceid`,`fixtime`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=145 ;
-- --------------------------------------------------------
-- Table structure for table `server`
--
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `server` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`registration` bit(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT b'1',
`latitude` double NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`longitude` double NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`zoom` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`map` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,
`language` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,
`distanceunit` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,
`speedunit` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,
`bingkey` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,
`mapurl` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,
`readonly` bit(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT b'0',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=2 ;
-- --------------------------------------------------------
-- Table structure for table `users`
--
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `users` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
`email` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
`hashedpassword` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
`salt` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
`readonly` bit(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT b'0',
`admin` bit(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT b'0',
`map` varchar(128) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'osm',
`language` varchar(128) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'en',
`distanceunit` varchar(128) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'km',
`speedunit` varchar(128) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'kmh',
`latitude` double NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`longitude` double NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`zoom` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE KEY `uk_user_email` (`email`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=3 ;
-- --------------------------------------------------------
-- Table structure for table `user_device`
--
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `user_device` (
`userid` int(11) NOT NULL,
`deviceid` int(11) NOT NULL,
KEY `fk_user_device_deviceid` (`deviceid`),
KEY `user_device_user_id` (`userid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
--
-- Constraints for dumped tables
--
--
-- Constraints for table `positions`
--
ALTER TABLE `positions`
ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_position_deviceid` FOREIGN KEY (`deviceid`) REFERENCES `devices` (`id`) ON DELETE CASCADE;
--
-- Constraints for table `user_device`
--
ALTER TABLE `user_device`
ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_user_device_deviceid` FOREIGN KEY (`deviceid`) REFERENCES `devices` (`id`) ON DELETE CASCADE,
ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_user_device_userid` FOREIGN KEY (`userid`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`) ON DELETE CASCADE;
When a user registers, it adds an entry to the "users" table and the user gets an id.
Then when the user adds a device, the user_device table looks like this:
And the devices table looks like this:
This is a GPS tracking software, so each device then posts it's position in the "positions" table which looks like this:
So, if a user logs in, how do I query the positions table and get all info from all devices of that user? I am assuming I would need to join the tables but I don't know how to do that. Any help would be greatly appreciated.
Let's build it incrementally. First, what is the actual data you want?
query the positions table
Ok, start with that:
SELECT
*
FROM
positions
Now how do you want to further filter that data?
from all devices of that user
Ok, so we need to relate this table (positions) through devices and to the user. So ultimately we'll need a WHERE clause like this:
WHERE
userid = ?
But positions doesn't have a userid, so let's walk through joining some tables until we have one. positions does have a deviceid, so we can join that:
SELECT
*
FROM
positions
INNER JOIN devices
ON positions.deviceid = devices.id
We still don't have a userid, though. And devices itself doesn't reference anything to further help us. But there's a table which does reference devices, user_device. Let's join that:
SELECT
*
FROM
positions
INNER JOIN devices
ON positions.deviceid = devices.id
INNER JOIN user_device
ON devices.id = user_device.deviceid
You'll see that we're getting a lot of data now. But you'll also see that we're now getting a userid column, so we can finally add our WHERE clause:
SELECT
*
FROM
positions
INNER JOIN devices
ON positions.deviceid = devices.id
INNER JOIN user_device
ON devices.id = user_device.deviceid
WHERE
userid = ?
At this point we should be getting all of the unique positions from any device related to that user. You can get just the position data by replacing SELECT * with SELECT positions.*, or you can explicitly define which columns from which tables you want to select.
it would appear from your notes that you know when the user logs in which device he has. if this is correct, you should not need a join. Just do a select on the positions table where the positions.deviceid = the login device.

JOIN Query In MYSQL and PHP

I am going to generate specific information from all the tables in MYSQL. I have 5 tables in my database. I.e.:
advertiser
CREATE TABLE `advertiser` (
`Adv_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`Name` char(20) NOT NULL,
`F_Name` char(20) NOT NULL,
`Address` varchar(40) NOT NULL,
`CNIC` int(13) NOT NULL,
`Contact` int(11) NOT NULL,
`Monthly_fee` varchar(10) NOT NULL,
`Region` varchar(10) NOT NULL,
`Reg_date` varchar(10) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`Adv_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
company_information
CREATE TABLE `company_information` (
`Company_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`Company_Name` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
`Company_Contact` int(11) NOT NULL,
`Company_Address` varchar(30) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`Company_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
advertisement
CREATE TABLE `advertisement` (
`Ads_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`Adv_id_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`Company_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`Ads_Title` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
`Ads_Description` varchar(40) NOT NULL,
`Ads_Image` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`Ads_id`),
KEY `Adv_id` (`Adv_id_id`),
KEY `Company_id` (`Company_id`),
CONSTRAINT `Adv_id` FOREIGN KEY (`Adv_id_id`) REFERENCES `advertiser` (`Adv_id`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE,
CONSTRAINT `advertisement_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`Company_id`) REFERENCES `company_information` (`Company_id`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
ads_type
CREATE TABLE `ads_type` (
`Ads_type_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`Advertisement_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`Full_Channel_Ads` varchar(30) NOT NULL,
`Logo_Ads` varchar(30) NOT NULL,
`Com_Break_Ads` varchar(30) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`Ads_type_id`),
KEY `Advertisement_id` (`Advertisement_id`),
CONSTRAINT `Advertisement_id` FOREIGN KEY (`Advertisement_id`) REFERENCES `advertisement` (`Ads_id`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
ads_date
CREATE TABLE `ads_date` (
`Ads_date_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`Ads_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`Starting_Date` varchar(30) NOT NULL,
`Expiry_Date` varchar(30) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`Ads_date_id`),
KEY `Ads_id` (`Ads_id`),
CONSTRAINT `Ads_id` FOREIGN KEY (`Ads_id`) REFERENCES `advertisement` (`Ads_id`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
I want to retrive
Name, CNIN, and Contact from table Advertiser
Company_Name from company_information
Ads_Title from Advertisement
Starting_Date and Expiry_Date From ads_date.
This Query work well for the above rows :
SELECT *
FROM ads_date a
JOIN advertisement ci ON ci.Ads_id = a.Ads_id
JOIN company_information ar ON ar.Company_id = ci.Company_id
JOIN advertiser ad ON ad.Adv_id = ci.Advertiser_id
WHERE Expiry_Date >= CURDATE()
Problem:
I also want to retrive Advertisement_type from ads_type.
how can I do this with a JOIN query? Can any one explain?
You'll need another join:
SELECT *
FROM ads_date a
JOIN advertisement ci ON ci.Ads_id = a.Ads_id
JOIN company_information ar ON ar.Company_id = ci.Company_id
JOIN advertiser ad ON ad.Adv_id = ci.Advertiser_id
JOIN ads_type at ON at.Advertisement_id = ci.Ads_id -- Here
WHERE Expiry_Date >= CURDATE()
Please try the below query:
SELECT *
FROM ads_date a
JOIN advertisement ci ON ci.Ads_id = a.Ads_id
JOIN company_information ar ON ar.Company_id = ci.Company_id
JOIN advertiser ad ON ad.Adv_id = ci.Advertiser_id
JOIN ads_type at ON at.Advertisement_id =ci.Ads_id
WHERE Expiry_Date >= CURDATE()
Add another join as
JOIN ads_type at ON at.Advertisement_id = ci.Ads_id
Then use group_by at.Advertisement_id to avoid repetition.

Querying SQL multiple tables

I have a sql database with the following tables
Book Table
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books` (
`book_id` varchar(8) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`book_title` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
`author1` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
`author2` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`publisher` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
`pub_year` year(4) NOT NULL,
`mod_id` varchar(8) NOT NULL,
`courseID` varchar(8) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`book_id`),
KEY `id` (`book_id`),
KEY `book_id` (`book_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
Courses Table
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `courses` (
`courseID` varchar(8) NOT NULL,
`course_title` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET ascii NOT NULL,
`Entry_Year` int(1) NOT NULL,
`Duration` int(1) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`courseID`),
KEY `courseID` (`courseID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
Modules Table
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `modules` (
`mod_id` varchar(8) NOT NULL,
`mod_title` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`description` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`mod_id`),
KEY `mod_title` (`mod_title`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
Module Course Table
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `mod_course` (
`ID` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`module` varchar(8) NOT NULL,
`course` varchar(8) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=31 ;
I would like to query the database to show all book details of a course. A course has many modules and modules have many books. I have tried the following query but I think there is a problem with my tables as well. (FYI 'BIT' is the id of a course that is in the module course table)
SELECT b.book_id, b.book_title, b.author1, b.author2, b.publisher, b.pub_year, b.mod_id, mc.course
FROM books b
JOIN mod_course mc
WHERE mc.course = 'BIT'
I have had a deeper look at this and offer the following suggestion which includes changes to the data model also. This solution will also allow you to have the same book used for several modules (if required in the future). Also note the new table mod_books
The full code for this (including the query) is below... hope its ok
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS books
(book_id varchar(8) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
book_title varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
author1 varchar(20) NOT NULL,
author2 varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
publisher varchar(20) NOT NULL,
pub_year year(4) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (book_id)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS courses
(course_ID varchar(8) NOT NULL,
course_title varchar(255) CHARACTER SET ascii NOT NULL,
Entry_Year int(1) NOT NULL,
Duration int(1) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (course_ID)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS modules
(mod_id varchar(8) NOT NULL,
mod_title varchar(255) NOT NULL,
description varchar(255) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (mod_id)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS mod_books
(mod_id varchar(8) NOT NULL,
book_id varchar(8) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (mod_id,book_id),
FOREIGN KEY (mod_id) REFERENCES modules (mod_id),
FOREIGN KEY (book_id) REFERENCES books (book_id)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS mod_course
(ID int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
mod_id varchar(8) NOT NULL,
course_ID varchar(8) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (ID),
FOREIGN KEY (mod_id) REFERENCES modules (mod_id),
FOREIGN KEY (course_ID) REFERENCES courses (course_ID)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=31 ;
and the query would be
SELECT b.*
FROM mod_course mc
INNER JOIN mod_books mb
ON mb.mod_id = mc.mod_id
INNER JOIN books b
ON b.book_id = mb.book_id
WHERE mc.course_id = 'BIT'
based on the stated relationship course->module->books, you should drop the courseid column from the books table. the modid that you have is all you need.
the problem with your query is the missing join condition.
below the JOIN mod_course mc line you should add
ON mc.module = b.mod_id
After the keyword Join it should be ON not WHERE
SELECT B.*, MC.COURSE
FROM MODULECOURSE AS MC
INNER JOIN COURSES AS C
ON C.COURSE_TITLE = MC.COURSE
INNER JOIN BOOKS AS B
ON B.COURSEID= C.COURSEID

Kohana orm inheritance

I want to auto creating parent record on creating children.
Example.
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `front_end_users` (
`id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`userid` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL,
`tel` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
`addr1` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`addr2` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`city` int(11) NOT NULL,
`zip` varchar(10) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `fk_userid` (`userid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=1 ;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `users` (
`id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`email` varchar(127) NOT NULL,
`username` varchar(32) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`password` char(64) NOT NULL,
`logins` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`last_login` int(10) unsigned DEFAULT NULL,
`reset_token` char(64) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`status` varchar(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`last_failed_login` datetime NOT NULL,
`failed_login_count` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`created` datetime NOT NULL,
`modified` datetime NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE KEY `uniq_username` (`username`),
UNIQUE KEY `uniq_email` (`email`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=3 ;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `promouter` (
`userid` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,
`balance` float NOT NULL,
`commision` float NOT NULL,
`mountly_fee` float NOT NULL,
`verified` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
KEY `promouter_ibfk_1` (`userid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
ALTER TABLE `front_end_users`
ADD CONSTRAINT `front_end_users_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`userid`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`) ON DELETE CASCADE;
ALTER TABLE `promouter`
ADD CONSTRAINT `promouter_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`userid`) REFERENCES `front_end_users` (`userid`) ON DELETE CASCADE;
users->front_end_users->promouter
I want if I create promouter with login, password and address than automatically inserts appropriate fields in users (login, password), front_end_users (addr1, addr2, userid) and promouter (userid).
And I have several roles. So I can not add have_one to user model. But I added have_one to front_end_users and promouter models.
If you want to trigger parent creation on child creation then I think you should use trigger(s) on database level.
EDIT:
Create a table with the following scheme:
Rules(ID, TableName, ColumnName, Event, Action, Parameters)
You will have a set of Rules then and you will be able to make a general implementation for this. In your business layer you will call your rule parser (which also has to be implemented by you) and this way you can make any logical triggers in your business layer. I hope this helps.

How to accurately set up a foreign key scenario in MySQL to accomplish my addressbook

I have been making a database and learning along the way. I recently got into using InnoDB and using foreign keys to connect tables together.
But in all honestly I'm probably making my foreign keys blindly. What is the correct set and check list that I need to use when making a foreign key.
My understanding with foreign keys is that I have a Master Table, and any changes in my Master Table are reflected to any tables that hold a foreign key to a specific column in it.
So my current log-in system has a set up like this
users
=====
id PK
username
password
and my other tables look like this
contacts
========
id PK
user_id references `users`.`id`
group
name
address
groups
======
id PK
user_id
group_name
group_contacts
==============
id PK
group_id references `group`.`id`
contact_id references `contacts`.`id`
To my understanding these tables can be deleted when the Master Table is deleted using the ON DELETE CASCADE option correct?
My problem now is that I can't seem to make group_id and contact_id a Foreign key to groups.id and contacts.id with this setup. I get an error when running the SQL statements.
I'm trying to make my address book so that when a user places a contact into a group becomes all automated and I don't have to change much information. The group_contact table is what I THINK I will querying when I want to see where each contact belongs to. If I change the name of a group it will reflect across all tables right? This is where foreign keys come in and I'm confusing myself with how these keys should behave for me.
But like I said I can't seem to make a foreign key without getting an error.
I know I can Google my Foreign Key question, which I have but I can't seem to learn this way without getting feedback and input to my exact scenario ;(
Not to ask too much but because of my confusion I'm also having a hard time trying to see how I can make a PHP script to handle the group name change and query the database to pull down contacts that belong to a specific group.
This would really help me a lot guys, and I hope to learn something!
My query is this:
ALTER TABLE `list_`.`groups_contacts`
ADD CONSTRAINT `group_id` FOREIGN KEY (`group_id`) REFERENCES `list_`.`groups` (`id`)
ADD CONSTRAINT `contact_id` FOREIGN KEY (`contact_id`) REFERENCES `list_`.`contacts` (`id`);
My database looks like this:
CREATE TABLE `list_`.`buyer` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`user_id` tinyint(11) NOT NULL,
`isClosed` tinyint(1) NOT NULL,
`display_limit` int(1),
`first_name` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`prop_address` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`city` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`state` varchar(11) NOT NULL,
`zip` varchar(5) NOT NULL,
`cell_phone` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`home_phone` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`other1` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`other2` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`comments` text NOT NULL,
`comment_exist` tinyint(1) NOT NULL,
`comment_date` text NOT NULL,
`date_added` date NOT NULL,
`date_modified` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`,`user_id`),
KEY `user_id` (`user_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=23 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=23 ;
CREATE TABLE `list_`.`company` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`user_id` tinyint(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`company_name` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`, `user_id`),
KEY `user_id` (`user_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=3 ;
CREATE TABLE `list_`.`contacts` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`user_id` tinyint(11) NOT NULL,
`group` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
`address` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
`city` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
`state` varchar(2) NOT NULL,
`zip` int(5) NOT NULL,
`phone_number` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`cell_number` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`work_number` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`fax_number` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`email` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
`company` varchar(55) NOT NULL,
`title` varchar(56) NOT NULL,
`notes` text NOT NULL,
`date_added` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`,`user_id`),
KEY `user_id` (`user_id`),
KEY `group` (`group`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=9 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=9 ;
CREATE TABLE `list_`.`groups` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`user_id` tinyint(11) NOT NULL,
`position` int(8) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`name` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
`date_added` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`,`user_id`),
KEY `user_id` (`user_id`),
KEY `name` (`name`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=32 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=32 ;
CREATE TABLE `list_`.`prospect` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`user_id` tinyint(11) NOT NULL,
`isClosed` tinyint(1) DEFAULT '0',
`display_limit` int(1) DEFAULT '0',
`first_name` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`prop_address` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`city` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`state` varchar(11) NOT NULL,
`zip` varchar(5) NOT NULL,
`cell_phone` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`home_phone` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`other1` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`other2` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`comments` text NOT NULL,
`date_added` date NOT NULL,
`date_modified` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`,`user_id`),
KEY `user_id` (`user_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=7 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=7 ;
CREATE TABLE `list_`.`seller` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`user_id` tinyint(11) NOT NULL,
`file` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`isClosed` tinyint(1) NOT NULL,
`display_limit` int(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`first_name` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`prop_address` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`city` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`state` varchar(22) NOT NULL,
`zip` varchar(5) NOT NULL,
`cell_phone` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`home_phone` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`other1` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`other2` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`comments` text NOT NULL,
`comment_exist` tinyint(1) NOT NULL,
`comment_date` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
`date_added` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
`date_modified` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`,`user_id`),
KEY `user_id` (`user_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=21 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=21 ;
CREATE TABLE `list_`.`settings` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`user_id` tinyint(11) NOT NULL,
`seller_display_limit` int(4) DEFAULT '0',
`buyer_display_limit` int(4) DEFAULT '0',
`prospect_display_limit` int(4) DEFAULT '0',
`property_display_limit` int(4) DEFAULT '0',
`date_modified` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`,`user_id`),
KEY `user_id` (`user_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=2 ;
CREATE TABLE `list_`.`users` (
`id` tinyint(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`md5_id` varchar(200) NOT NULL,
`username` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`password` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`user_level` tinyint(1) DEFAULT '1',
`first_name` varchar(200) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(200) NOT NULL,
`email` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL,
`approved` int(1) NOT NULL,
`banned` int(1) NOT NULL,
`date_joined` date NOT NULL,
`ip` varchar(15) DEFAULT NULL,
`activation_code` int(9) DEFAULT NULL,
`ckey` varchar(220) NOT NULL,
`ctime` varchar(220) NOT NULL,
`last_logged_in` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
`account_number` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=4 ;
ALTER TABLE `list_`.`buyer`
ADD CONSTRAINT `buyer_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`) ON UPDATE CASCADE;
--
-- Constraints for table `company`
--
ALTER TABLE `list_`.`company`
ADD CONSTRAINT `company_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`) ON UPDATE CASCADE;
--
-- Constraints for table `contacts`
--
ALTER TABLE `list_`.`contacts`
ADD CONSTRAINT `contacts_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`),
ADD CONSTRAINT `group_ibfk_2` FOREIGN KEY (`group`) REFERENCES `groups` (`name`) ON UPDATE CASCADE;
--
-- Constraints for table `groups`
--
ALTER TABLE `list_`.`groups`
ADD CONSTRAINT `group_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`);
--
-- Constraints for table `prospect`
--
ALTER TABLE `list_`.`prospect`
ADD CONSTRAINT `prospect_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`);
--
-- Constraints for table `seller`
--
ALTER TABLE `list_`.`seller`
ADD CONSTRAINT `seller_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`);
--
-- Constraints for table `settings`
--
ALTER TABLE `list_`.`settings`
ADD CONSTRAINT `settings_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`);
I think you slightly misunderstood the concept of Foreign Keys. Changing the name of a group is not supposed to reflect on any other table, you just change your group-table.
Assuming you have this simple scenario, where one Contact can belong only to one Group:
Groups
id
group_name
Contacts
id
group_id -> Groups.id
first_name
...
Your Contacts do not have the information about the group_name. You just store the reference to your Groups.id.
If you want to query your contacts and the name of their group, you join those two tables:
Select c.first_name, g.group_name
From contacts c
Join groups g On ( g.id = c.group_id )
If you want to change the name of a group, you do a simple update:
Update groups
Set group_name = 'Your new group name'
Where id = 99 --# The id of the group to rename
This only changes your Groups table, without changing your Contacts.
Your Foreign Key on Contacts.group_id is there to ensure the referential integrity. This means, that you are not allowed to have a contact with group_id=88 if there is no record in Groups with id=88.
Using ON DELETE CASCADE would delete all Contacts that are members of a certain group, once you delete that group.

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