How to heap sort in php? - php

I writting assignment about heap sort in php. I am in a little bit difficult situation. Please help me. Any one who suggest me the code.
Thanks in advance.

Have you googled this???
Check this out.
Heap Sorting in PHP
<?php
function build_heap(&$array, $i, $t){
$tmp_var = $array[$i];
$j = $i * 2 + 1;
while ($j <= $t) {
if($j < $t)
if($array[$j] < $array[$j + 1]) {
$j = $j + 1;
}
if($tmp_var < $array[$j]) {
$array[$i] = $array[$j];
$i = $j;
$j = 2 * $i + 1;
} else {
$j = $t + 1;
}
}
$array[$i] = $tmp_var;
}
function heap_sort(&$array) {
//This will heapify the array
$init = (int)floor((count($array) - 1) / 2);
// Thanks jimHuang for bug report
for($i=$init; $i >= 0; $i--){
$count = count($array) - 1;
build_heap($array, $i, $count);
}
//swaping of nodes
for ($i = (count($array) - 1); $i >= 1; $i--) {
$tmp_var = $array[0];
$array [0] = $array [$i];
$array [$i] = $tmp_var;
build_heap($array, 0, $i - 1);
}
}
// Demo
$array = array(9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1,0,10,1000,0);
heap_sort($array);
print_r($array);
?>

Related

for loop gets executed just once

I have created an array dynamically like this way
$names = array();
for ($i = 0; $i < 100; $i++) {
$names[] = $i;
}
then created part
$parts = count($names) / 20;
and created a sub array then loop through the parts
$j = 0;
for ($i = 0; $i < $parts; $i++) {
echo "Part" . $i."<br>";
$newarray = array_slice($names, $j, 20);
for ($i = 0; $i < count($newarray); $i++) {
echo $i;
}
$j = $j + 20;
}
The problem is that this code displays from zero to 19 It doesn't display the other parts
Both the inner and outer loops use the same control variable $i, so just change the inner one...
$j = 0;
for ($i = 0; $i < $parts; $i++) {
echo "Part" . $i."<br>";
$newarray = array_slice($names, $j, 20);
for ($i1 = 0; $i1 < count($newarray); $i1++) {
echo $i1;
}
$j = $j + 20;
}

Convert array outputted from DCT to an image in PHP

Using the following code I can get the DCT of an image in PHP. Then I need to convert this back in to the compressed image. How can I achieve that?
<?php
$results = array();
$image1 = "baboon.jpg";
$ima = ImageCreateFromJPEG($image1);
$N1 = imagesx($ima);
$N2 = imagesy($ima);
$rows = array();
$row = array();
for ($j = 0; $j < $N2; $j++) {
for ($i = 0; $i < $N1; $i++)
$row[$i] = imagecolorat($ima, $i, $j);
$rows[$j] = dct1D($row);
}
for ($i = 0; $i < $N1; $i++) {
for ($j = 0; $j < $N2; $j++)
$col[$j] = $rows[$j][$i];
$results[$i] = dct1D($col);
}
print_r($results);
function dct1D($in) {
$results = array();
$N = count($in);
for ($k = 0; $k < $N; $k++) {
$sum = 0;
for ($n = 0; $n < $N; $n++) {
$sum += $in[$n] * cos($k * pi() * ($n + 0.5) / ($N));
}
$sum *= sqrt(2 / $N);
if ($k == 0) {
$sum *= 1 / sqrt(2);
}
$results[$k] = $sum;
}
return $results;
}
?>
Also I need to know how can I add some extra details like another message to this image too.. (image steganography). Please help. Thanks

Gaussian Eliminate for GF2 code

I have this gauss_eliminate function, but instead of dealing with real numbers, I want it to work on binary values.
I need the GF2 gauss_eliminate function, where the input is binary and the output is binary.
This produces real values, not binary, eg
0.57142857142857
0.71428571428571
-0.42857142857143
-0.28571428571429
0.14285714285714
Gaussian elimination has these 3 allowed steps:
1) Swapping two rows (for achieving a certain look)
2) Multiplying a row by a nonzero number,
3) Adding a multiple of one row to another row.
-- in GF2: addition operation is XOR : 0+0=0, 0+1=1, 1+0=1, 1+1=0 --and--
multiplication is AND operation: 0*0=0,0*1=0,1*0=0,1*1=1
function gauss_eliminate($A, $b, $N)
{
for ($col = 0; $col < $N; $col++) {
$j = $col;
$max = $A[$j][$j];
for ($i = $col + 1; $i < $N; $i++) {
$tmp = abs($A[$i][$col]);
if ($tmp > $max) {
$j = $i;
$max = $tmp;
}
}
swap_rows($A, $b, $col, $j);
for ($i = $col + 1; $i < $N; $i++) {
$tmp = $A[$i][$col] / $A[$col][$col];
for ($j = $col + 1; $j < $N; $j++) $A[$i][$j] -= $tmp * $A[$col][$j];
$A[$i][$col] = 0;
$b[$i] -= $tmp * $b[$col];
}
}
$x = array();
for ($col = $N - 1; $col >= 0; $col--) {
$tmp = $b[$col];
for ($j = $N - 1; $j > $col; $j--) $tmp -= $x[$j] * $A[$col][$j];
$x[$col] = $tmp / $A[$col][$col];
}
return $x;
}
new code #1, still doesn't work:
function gauss_eliminate($A, $b, $N)
{
for ($col = 0; $col < $N; $col++) {
$j = $col;
$max = $A[$j][$j];
for ($i = $col + 1; $i < $N; $i++) {
$tmp = abs($A[$i][$col]);
if ($tmp > $max) {
$j = $i;
$max = $tmp;
}
}
swap_rows($A, $b, $col, $j);
for ($i = $col + 1; $i < $N; $i++) {
for ($j = $col + 1; $j < $N; $j++)
$A[$i][$j]=( $A[$i][$j] != $A[$col][$j] ) ? 1 : 0;
$A[$i][$col] = 0;
$b[$i]=( $b[$i] != $b[$col] ) ? 1 : 0;
}
}
$x = array();
for ($col = $N - 1; $col >= 0; $col--) {
# $tmp = $b[$col];
# for ($j = $N - 1; $j > $col; $j--) $tmp -= $x[$j] * $A[$col][$j];
$x[$col] = ( $x[$col] != $A[$col][$j] ) ? 1 : 0;
}
return $x;
}
New code #2 - still doesn't work - tmp setup to alternate
function gauss_eliminate($A, $b, $N)
{
for ($col = 0; $col < $N; $col++) {
$j = $col;
$max = $A[$j][$j];
for ($i = $col + 1; $i < $N; $i++) {
$tmp = abs($A[$i][$col]);
if ($tmp > $max) { $j = $i; $max = $tmp; }
}
swap_rows($A, $b, $col, $j);
for ($i = $col + 1; $i < $N; $i++) {
# $tmp = $A[$i][$col] / $A[$col][$col];
for ($j = $col + 1; $j < $N; $j++) $A[$i][$j]=($A[$i][$j] != $A[$col][$j] ? 1 : 0);
$A[$i][$col] = 0;
$b[$i] = ( $b[$i] != $b[$col] ? 1 : 0);
}
}
$x = array();
for ($col = $N - 1; $col >= 0; $col--) {
$tmp = $b[$col];
for ($j = $N - 1; $j > $col; $j--) $tmp = 1 - $tmp;
$x[$col] = ($tmp != $A[$col][$j] ? 1 : 0);
}
return $x;
}
It appears I found the right syntax. I am getting the right result for one example, after modifying the code in a way that makes sense.... converting - to +, and this + to XOR, while / is ignored and * is AND.
Still it would be nice to get a confirmation that this code is correct.
function gauss_eliminate($A, $b, $N) {
for ($col = 0; $col < $N; $col++) {
$j = $col;
$max = $A[$j][$j];
for ($i = $col + 1; $i < $N; $i++) {
$tmp = abs($A[$i][$col]);
if ($tmp > $max) {
$j = $i;
$max = $tmp;
}
}
swap_rows($A, $b, $col, $j);
for ($i = $col + 1; $i < $N; $i++) {
# $tmp = $A[$i][$col] / $A[$col][$col];
# for ($j = $col + 1; $j < $N; $j++) {
# $A[$i][$j] -= $tmp * $A[$col][$j];
# }
# $A[$i][$col] = 0;
# $b[$i] -= $tmp * $b[$col];
$tmp = $A[$i][$col];
for ($j = $col + 1; $j < $N; $j++) {
# $A[$i][$j] = $A[$i][$j] + ( $tmp * $A[$col][$j] );
$A[$i][$j] = ( $A[$i][$j] != ( $tmp && $A[$col][$j] ) ) ? 1 : 0;
}
$A[$i][$col] = 0;
# $b[$i] = $b[$i] + ($tmp * $b[$col]);
$b[$i] = ( $b[$i] != ($tmp && $b[$col]) ) ? 1 : 0;
}
}
$x = array();
for ($col = $N - 1; $col >= 0; $col--) {
$tmp = $b[$col];
for ($j = $N - 1; $j > $col; $j--) {
# $tmp -= $x[$j] * $A[$col][$j];
# $tmp = $tmp + ($x[$j] * $A[$col][$j]);
$tmp = ( $tmp != ($x[$j] && $A[$col][$j]) ) ? 1 : 0;
}
# $x[$col] = $tmp / $A[$col][$col];
$x[$col] = $tmp;
}
return $x;
}
The commented text is the old (non GF2 code) as well as my "middle step" of showing where I convert + to XOR, * to AND, etc

sort numbers in php,

hi i am using php to learn algorithms, i wanted to convert this psuedocode into php,
for i = 1 to n − 1
minval = A[i]
minindex = i
for j = i to n
if (A[j] < minval)
minval = A[j]
minindex = j
exchange A[i] and A[minindex]
this the corresponding code in php
$A = array(1, 4, 2, 3, 70, 10, 7 );
$n = sizeof($A);
for ($i = 0; $i == $n - 1; $i++){
for ($j = $i + 1; $j == $n; $j++){
if ($A[$i] > $A[$j]){
$temp = $A[$j];
$A[$j] = $A[$i];
$A[$i] = $temp;
}
}
}
print_r($A);
print_r is outputting the array as its original order, why my algorithms doents reorder the array ?
You should check your forloops :
for ($i = 0; $i == $n - 1; $i++){
for ($j = $i + 1; $j == $n; $j++){
should be
for ($i = 0; $i < $n - 1; $i++){
for ($j = $i + 1; $j < $n; $j++){
As the second argument in for is a requirement to continue the loop.

Bubble sort implementation in PHP? [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
How can I sort arrays and data in PHP?
(14 answers)
Closed 7 years ago.
I need to do a bubble sort algorithm in PHP.
I want to know whether any one has any good examples that I can use, or an open source library which can do this.
I have a few spaces in a set (array), i want to fill these spaces with object (a person), so no space can have a male and a female, this why i am trying to find out a bubble sort algorithm.
My plan is to fill in any of the available spaces regardless of the gender, and after that sort them separately.
Thanks.
function bubble_sort($arr) {
$size = count($arr)-1;
for ($i=0; $i<$size; $i++) {
for ($j=0; $j<$size-$i; $j++) {
$k = $j+1;
if ($arr[$k] < $arr[$j]) {
// Swap elements at indices: $j, $k
list($arr[$j], $arr[$k]) = array($arr[$k], $arr[$j]);
}
}
}
return $arr;
}
For example:
$arr = array(1,3,2,8,5,7,4,0);
print("Before sorting");
print_r($arr);
$arr = bubble_sort($arr);
print("After sorting by using bubble sort");
print_r($arr);
Using bubble sort is a very bad idea. It has complexity of O(n^2).
You should use php usort, which is actually a merge sort implementation and guaranteed O(n*log(n)) complexity.
A sample code from the PHP Manual -
function cmp( $a, $b ) {
if( $a->weight == $b->weight ){ return 0 ; }
return ($a->weight < $b->weight) ? -1 : 1;
}
usort($unsortedObjectArray,'cmp');
$numbers = array(1,3,2,5,2);
$array_size = count($numbers);
echo "Numbers before sort: ";
for ( $i = 0; $i < $array_size; $i++ )
echo $numbers[$i];
echo "n";
for ( $i = 0; $i < $array_size; $i++ )
{
for ($j = 0; $j < $array_size; $j++ )
{
if ($numbers[$i] < $numbers[$j])
{
$temp = $numbers[$i];
$numbers[$i] = $numbers[$j];
$numbers[$j] = $temp;
}
}
}
echo "Numbers after sort: ";
for( $i = 0; $i < $array_size; $i++ )
echo $numbers[$i];
echo "n";
function bubble_sort($arr) {
$n = count($arr);
do {
$swapped = false;
for ($i = 0; $i < $n - 1; $i++) {
// swap when out of order
if ($arr[$i] > $arr[$i + 1]) {
$temp = $arr[$i];
$arr[$i] = $arr[$i + 1];
$arr[$i + 1] = $temp;
$swapped = true;
}
}
$n--;
}
while ($swapped);
return $arr;
}
function bubbleSort(array $arr)
{
$n = sizeof($arr);
for ($i = 1; $i < $n; $i++) {
for ($j = $n - 1; $j >= $i; $j--) {
if($arr[$j-1] > $arr[$j]) {
$tmp = $arr[$j - 1];
$arr[$j - 1] = $arr[$j];
$arr[$j] = $tmp;
}
}
}
return $arr;
}
// Example:
$arr = array(255,1,22,3,45,5);
$result = bubbleSort($arr);
print_r($result);
//====================================================
//------- improved version----------------------------
//====================================================
function bubbleSortImproved(array $arr)
{
$n = sizeof($arr);
for ($i = 1; $i < $n; $i++) {
$flag = false;
for ($j = $n - 1; $j >= $i; $j--) {
if($arr[$j-1] > $arr[$j]) {
$tmp = $arr[$j - 1];
$arr[$j - 1] = $arr[$j];
$arr[$j] = $tmp;
$flag = true;
}
}
if (!$flag) {
break;
}
}
return $arr;
}
// Example:
$arr = array(255,1,22,3,45,5);
$result = bubbleSortImproved($arr);
print_r($result);
Improved Bubble Sorting enjoy :)
$sortarr = array(3,5,15,3,2,6,7,50,1,4,5,2,100,9,3,2,6,7,13,18);
echo "<pre>";
// Array to be sorted
print_r($sortarr);
// Sorted Array
print_r(bubble_sort($sortarr));
echo "<pre>";
function bubble_sort($sortarr){
// Bubble sorting
$array_count = count($sortarr);
for($x = 0; $x < $array_count; $x++){
for($a = 0 ; $a < $array_count - 1 ; $a++){
if($a < $array_count ){
if($sortarr[$a] > $sortarr[$a + 1] ){
swap($sortarr, $a, $a+1);
}
}
}
}
return $sortarr;
}
function swap(&$arr, $a, $b) {
$tmp = $arr[$a];
$arr[$a] = $arr[$b];
$arr[$b] = $tmp;
}
Maybe someone finds useful my version of Bubble Sort:
function BubbleSort(&$L)
{
$rm_key = count($L);
while( --$rm_key > -1 )#after this the very first time it will point to the last element
for($i=0; $i<$rm_key; $i++)
if( $L[$i] > $L[$i+1] )
list($L[$i],$L[$i+1]) = array($L[$i+1],$L[$i]);
}
I got the swap idea (using list) from above comment.

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