I'm using CI, and for every main page (for example contents) I load a specific css file in the constructor using :
$this->load->vars(array('add_css'=>array('contents')));
In my views, I check if the add_css array exists or not, if yes, I load the contents.css. Now in my controller file (in this case contents.php), I have lots of methods, and while all of them will always load the additional contents.css , specific methods will have (if any) their own add_css too, for example when I'm on method review, I want to load additional rating.css. What I did was :
$data['add_css'] = array('rating');
But it doesn't work because the rating.css overwrites the vars in the constructor.
So is there any way I can push the array? I've tried array_push($data['add_css'],'rating') but it doesn't work.
Thanks
The most elegant way I can think off would be this:
1. In your controller or if you have MY_Controller(it's much better) add new protected (so it is available from all controllers) property that will keep all loaded css files.
protected $_addCss = array();
2. Add new method for setting new css files to this array:
protected function _addCssFile($file)
{
$this->_addCss[] = $file;
return $this; //So you can chain it when adding but not necessary
}
3. New method for manual loading of all added css files.
protected function _loadCssFiles()
{
//Load the vars then reset the property to empty array again
$this->load->vars(array('add_css' => $this->_addCss));
$this->_addCss = array();
return $this;
}
4. In your application controller you can use it like this:
public function __construct()
{
parent::__construct();
$this->_addCssFile('contents');
}
public function test()
{
//Chain the methods so you can add additional css files
$this->_addCssFile('contents')
->_addCssFile('rating')
->_loadCssFiles()
->load->view('test');
}
5. In your view:
echo '<pre>';
print_r($add_css);
echo '</pre>';
Result:
Array
(
[0] => contents
[1] => contents
[2] => rating
)
I had a similar problem. Read what's in the array, write to another array, push new info to it, overwrite the second array to data.
Related
I'm currently learning the ropes of the MVC pattern and came across a problem I can't seem
to fix in a way I want and is in line with the MVC pattern.
I have set up the router, controllers and views up successfully.
The only thing I don't really get is the use of the Model. I know it's supposed to
serve the Data to the view, and here it is I have a problem.
I want to pass a function thru my view method, but it executes before it should be.
is there a way
I will try to be as specific as possible about the situation so sorry for the long post.
The controller class is this:
class Controller{
private $tpl_name = 'default';
public function model($model){
require('../admin/model/'.$model.'.model.php');
return new $model();
}
public function view($page_title,$file_paths,$params,$data = []) {
// takes an array with the file paths
$this->content = $file_paths;
$tpl_name = $this->tpl_name;
require_once('templates/'.$tpl_name.'/header.php');
require_once('templates/'.$tpl_name.'/nav.php');
require_once('templates/'.$tpl_name.'/content-top.php');
foreach ($file_paths as $content){
require_once('view/'.$content);
}
require_once('templates/'.$tpl_name.'/content-bottom.php');
require_once('templates/'.$tpl_name.'/footer.php');
}
}
The view renders the template I want, takes parameters from the router and, the data that
needs to be handled in the desired view. So far so good.
I want to serve my posts in my admin panel that displays a table of all the posts in the DB.
I have written a method that fetches the data, and a method that writes the data.
class Post{
......
//other functions above
public function displayPosts(){
// get's all the posts form the data base, returns an object array
$posts = Post::fetchContent('posts',0);
// array get's passes to the write function which will write out the data.
$writer = Post::write($posts);
}
static public function write(Array $posts){
foreach($posts as $single){
// for each object in the array, assign the vars so the view can handle them
// to create a single row in the table for each object:
$trashed = $single->getTrashed();
$id = $single->getID();
$title = $single->getTitle();
$category = $single->getCategory();
$content = $single->getContent();
$author = $single->getAuthor();
$date = $single->getDate();
$approved = $single->getApproved();
$dbt = $single->getDbt();
// This is a template which represents a table row with the post data I need.
require('view/content_table.php');
}
//controller file (needs to moved to other file later): handles approve/remove/edit/delete actions.
require('view/manage_content.php');
}
}
Now we have arrived at the problem:
When I call the model in my controller and render the view, it will execute immediatly
before the rest of my view loads, resulting in errors, although it displays the data,
it is not in my template, but above it, just in plain text.
errors:
Notice: Undefined variable: _SESSION in /Volumes/HDD Mac/Websites/server/admin/view/content_table.php on line 8
Warning: session_start(): Cannot send session cache limiter - headers already sent (output started at ...)
class Dashboard extends Controller {
public function index($params = null){
$model = $this->model('Post');
$posts = $model->displayPosts();
// view takes: page_title,[array of view files],params from the router,array of data from model
$this->view('Dashboard',['admin.php'],$params,[ 'posts' => $posts]);
}
}
Before I was trying to use MVC I just outputted this in my view:
And it worked just fine.
Non relevant HTML above
$posts = Post::fetchContent('posts',0);
// array get's passes to the write function which will write out the data.
$writer = Post::write($posts);
Non relevant HTML below
But now when I pass the display post function, I just want to do this in my view:
echo $data['posts'];
which doesn't work because it already executed my Write function.
The only way I could work around like this was by adding the content of my write function to the view,
and only pass the fetchContent method to my view method (this will output an array of objects).
But since I need this info in two place I dont want to repeat this code, I would prefer echoing
all out.
Non relevant HTML above
$posts = $data['posts'];
foreach($posts as $single){
// for each object in the array, assign the vars so the view can handle them
// to create a single row in the table for each object:
$trashed = $single->getTrashed();
$id = $single->getID();
$title = $single->getTitle();
$category = $single->getCategory();
$content = $single->getContent();
$author = $single->getAuthor();
$date = $single->getDate();
$approved = $single->getApproved();
$dbt = $single->getDbt();
// This is a template which represents a table row with the post data I need.
require('view/content_table.php');
}
//controller file (needs to moved to other file later): handles approve/remove/edit/delete actions.
require('view/manage_content.php');
Non relevant HTML below
Is it bad practise to just skip the use of the Model here and do it like this:
Non relevant HTML above
$posts = Post::fetchContent('posts',0);
// array get's passes to the write function which will write out the data.
$writer = Post::write($posts);
Non relevant HTML below
Or is there a way to rewrite my Post::Write function? Or just use the foreach loop in the view?
Thank you all for taking the time!
If you need more info, just ask:-)
I wrote a vcard class with Phalcon in PHP. The vCard Model is initialized like this.
// Inside the BS_VCard class
public function initialize(){
$this->hasMany("id","BS_VCardElement","vCardId",array(
"alias" => "elements",
'foreignKey' => array(
'action' => Phalcon\Mvc\Model\Relation::ACTION_CASCADE
)
));
}
Its elements are initialized like this
// Inside the BS_VCardElement class
public function initialize(){
$this->belongsTo("vCardId","BS_VCard","id",array("alias" => "vCard"));
...
}
If a user reads a vCard and adds another element, it doesn't work as expected. To simplify the use I added some fascade methods like this
public function addDateOfBirth($date){
$element = new BS_VCardElement();
$element->setName("BDAY");
$element->addValue($date);
// This doesn't work
$this->elements[] = $element;
}
The Docs/Storing related records do not explain how to append fresh data like this to the related table.
I also tried this
$this->elements[] = array_merge($this->elements,array($element));
But the save method seems to ignore the added element. Save() returns true.
This question has been asked a couple of months ago but since I ran into a similar issue I decided to share my results anyway.
And here's what I found. Lower case aliases ('elements') don't seem to work whereas upper case aliases ('Elements') do.
To add one element you can do this;
$this->Elements = $element;
To add multiple elements you can do this;
$elements = array($element1, $element2);
$this->Elements = $elements;
After that you have to save the vcard before accessing the elements again. If you don't, phalcon will just return a result set with only the elements already in the database. (Not sure if this can be changed somehow.)
And here's the documentation (where all this is not mentioned): http://docs.phalconphp.com/en/latest/reference/models.html#storing-related-records
According to the Phalcon source code, the Resultset object is immutible.
/**
* Resultsets cannot be changed. It has only been implemented to
* meet the definition of the ArrayAccess interface
*
* #param int index
* #param \Phalcon\Mvc\ModelInterface value
*/
public function offsetSet(var index, var value)
{
throw new Exception("Cursor is an immutable ArrayAccess object");
}
It appears that replacing the element with an array is the only way to implement an "append" or modification of the resultset (other than delete which IS supported).
Of course this breaks the \Phalcon\Mvc\Model::_preSaveRelatedRecords() because the function ignores the class properties and refetches the related from the Model Manager (and resets the model::$element attribute at the end).
I feel frustrated by this because appending objects to a collection seems like a very common task and not having a clear method in which to add new items to a parent seems like a design flaw.
I think related elements might have some magic functionality invoked when you set the properties, so simply using $this->elements[] (evidently) doesn't work. Perhaps try re-setting the entire variable:
public function addDateOfBirth($date){
$element = new BS_VCardElement();
$element->setName("BDAY");
$element->addValue($date);
$elements = $this->elements;
$elements[] = $element;
$this->elements = $elements;
}
I'm in need of calling a function located in a class stored in app/lib directory before every action (ie. in preExecute action)
In that function I do need a $this pointer from an action.
I can do it in a static way - Classname::functionname(), however it results with a PHP warning, which I want to avoid.
For now I handle it with
ini_set('display_errors', '0'); # don't show any errors...
error_reporting(E_ALL | E_STRICT); # ...but do log them
but it's an ugly way..
How can I do it in a dynamic way?
===============
EDIT:
as requested - I add a code to show what am I actually doing with that $this pointer
...
$c = new Criteria();
$c->add(ArticlePeer::PUBLISHED, true);
$articles = ArticlePeer::doSelect($c);
$this->articles = $articles;
...
Yes, I know that I can put this Select in preExecute action in every module and it will be working fine. However - I have many modules, and as I have a set of actions that are all the same for all those modules, so putting them in one procedure and just calling that function would be the smartest way...
Especially when it comes to maintaining the app - It's only one place to change code, instead of a dozen of them...
In your class inside your app/lib folder, you simply have to return $articles:
$c = new Criteria();
$c->add(ArticlePeer::PUBLISHED, true);
return ArticlePeer::doSelect($c);
Then, inside your preExecute():
public function preExecute()
{
$this->articles = Classname::functionname();
}
If you have to return multiple value, you can do it using an array:
$c = new Criteria();
$c->add(ArticlePeer::PUBLISHED, true);
$articles = ArticlePeer::doSelect($c);
$c = new Criteria();
$c->add(BookPeer::PUBLISHED, true);
$books = BookPeer::doSelect($c);
return array(
'articles' => $articles,
'books' => $books,
);
End then, use this array to populate your variable inside your action:
public function preExecute()
{
$data = Classname::functionname();
$this->articles = $data['articles'];
$this->books = $data['books'];
}
You cannot change the value of $this in a method. Never.
Instead, look at the class how you can access $articles from outside, there should be something like getArticles(). It looks like the class is a Propel model, those have generated getters like that.
Dependent on what your end goal is, there might be better solutions than instantiating this model, calling the mysterious method and then getting the attribute. After all, classes are not just collections of functions and should not be treated like that. Not repeating code is good, but it has to be done with some sense.
Problem: I am trying to extend PHP's ArrayObject as shown below. Unfortunately I can't get it to work properly when setting multi-dimensional objects and instead an error thrown as I have the strict settings enabled in PHP. (Error: Strict standards: Creating default object from empty value)
Question: How can I modify my class to automatically create non-existing levels for me?
The code:
$config = new Config;
$config->lvl1_0 = true; // Works
$config->lvl1_1->lvl2 = true; // Throws error as "lvl1" isn't set already
class Config extends ArrayObject
{
function __construct() {
parent::__construct(array(), self::ARRAY_AS_PROPS);
}
public function offsetSet($k, $v) {
$v = is_array($v) ? new self($v) : $v;
return parent::offsetSet($k, $v);
}
}
Taking a more oop view of your issue, you can create a class that models the concept of an multi-dimensional object.
The solution im posting doesn't extends from ArrayObject to achieve the goals you mention. As you tagged your question as oop, i think it´s important to reinforce the separation the way you store an object's state from how do you access it.
Hope this will help you achieve what you need!
From what you said, an multi-dimensional object is one that:
handles multiple levels of nested information
it does so by providing reading/writing access to the information via properties
behaves nicely when undefined properties are accessed. This means that, for example, you do the following on an empty instance: $config->database->host = 'localhost' the database and host levels are initialized automatically, and host will return 'localhost' when queried.
ideally, would be initialized from an associative arrays (because you can already parse config files into them)
Proposed Solution
So, how can those features be implemented?
The second one is easy: using PHP's __get and __set methods. Those will get called whenever an read/write is beign done on an inaccessible property (one that's not defined in an object).
The trick will be then not to declare any property and handle propertie's operations through those methods and map the property name being accessed as a key to an associative array used as storage. They'll provide basically an interface for accessing information stored internally.
For the third one, we need a way to create a new nesting level when a undeclared property is read.
The key point here is realizing that the returned value for the property must be an multi-dimensional object so further levels of nesting can be created from it also: whenever we´re asked for a property whose name is not present in the internal array, we´ll associate that name with a new instance of MultiDimensionalObject and return it. The returned object will be able to handle defined or undefined properties too.
When an undeclared property is written, all we have to do is assign it's name with the value provided in the internal array.
The fourth one is easy (see it on __construct implementation). We just have to make sure that we create an MultiDimensionalObject when a property's value is an array.
Finally, the fist one: the way we handle the second and third features allows us to read and write properties (declared and undeclared) in any level of nesting.
You can do things like $config->foo->bar->baz = 'hello' on an empty instance and then query for $config->foo->bar->baz successfully.
Important
Notice that MultiDimensionalObject instead of beign itself an array is it composed with an array, letting you change the way you store the object's state as needed.
Implementation
/* Provides an easy to use interface for reading/writing associative array based information */
/* by exposing properties that represents each key of the array */
class MultiDimensionalObject {
/* Keeps the state of each property */
private $properties;
/* Creates a new MultiDimensionalObject instance initialized with $properties */
public function __construct($properties = array()) {
$this->properties = array();
$this->populate($properties);
}
/* Creates properties for this instance whose names/contents are defined by the keys/values in the $properties associative array */
private function populate($properties) {
foreach($properties as $name => $value) {
$this->create_property($name, $value);
}
}
/* Creates a new property or overrides an existing one using $name as property name and $value as its value */
private function create_property($name, $value) {
$this->properties[$name] = is_array($value) ? $this->create_complex_property($value)
: $this->create_simple_property($value);
}
/* Creates a new complex property. Complex properties are created from arrays and are represented by instances of MultiDimensionalObject */
private function create_complex_property($value = array()){
return new MultiDimensionalObject($value);
}
/* Creates a simple property. Simple properties are the ones that are not arrays: they can be strings, bools, objects, etc. */
private function create_simple_property($value) {
return $value;
}
/* Gets the value of the property named $name */
/* If $name does not exists, it is initilialized with an empty instance of MultiDimensionalObject before returning it */
/* By using this technique, we can initialize nested properties even if the path to them don't exist */
/* I.e.: $config->foo
- property doesn't exists, it is initialized to an instance of MultiDimensionalObject and returned
$config->foo->bar = "hello";
- as explained before, doesn't exists, it is initialized to an instance of MultiDimensionalObject and returned.
- when set to "hello"; bar becomes a string (it is no longer an MultiDimensionalObject instance) */
public function __get($name) {
$this->create_property_if_not_exists($name);
return $this->properties[$name];
}
private function create_property_if_not_exists($name) {
if (array_key_exists($name, $this->properties)) return;
$this->create_property($name, array());
}
public function __set($name, $value) {
$this->create_property($name, $value);
}
}
Demo
Code:
var_dump(new MultiDimensionalObject());
Result:
object(MultiDimensionalObject)[1]
private 'properties' =>
array
empty
Code:
$data = array( 'database' => array ( 'host' => 'localhost' ) );
$config = new MultiDimensionalObject($data);
var_dump($config->database);
Result:
object(MultiDimensionalObject)[2]
private 'properties' =>
array
'host' => string 'localhost' (length=9)
Code:
$config->database->credentials->username = "admin";
$config->database->credentials->password = "pass";
var_dump($config->database->credentials);
Result:
object(MultiDimensionalObject)[3]
private 'properties' =>
array
'username' => string 'admin' (length=5)
'password' => string 'pass' (length=4)
Code:
$config->database->credentials->username;
Result:
admin
Implement the offsetGet method. If you are accessing a non exist property, you can create one as you like.
As you are extend ArrayObject, you should use the array way [] to set or get.
Copied pasted your code and it works fine on my PHP test box (running PHP 5.3.6). It does mention the Strict Standards warning, but it still works as expected. Here's the output from print_r:
Config Object
(
[storage:ArrayObject:private] => Array
(
[lvl1_0] => 1
[lvl1_1] => stdClass Object
(
[lvl2] => 1
)
)
)
It is worth noting that on the PHP docs there is a comment with guidance related to what you're trying to do:
sfinktah at php dot spamtrak dot org 17-Apr-2011 07:27
If you plan to derive your own class from ArrayObject, and wish to maintain complete ArrayObject functionality (such as being able to cast to an array), it is necessary to use ArrayObject's own private property "storage".
Detailed explanation is linked above but, in addition to offsetSet which you have and offsetGet which xdazz mentions, you also must implement offsetExists and offsetUnset. This shouldn't have anything to do with your current error but it is something you should be mindful of.
Update: xdazz' second-half has the answer to your problem. If you access your Config object as an array, it works without any errors:
$config = new Config;
$config[ 'lvl1_0' ] = true;
$config[ 'lvl1_1' ][ 'lvl2' ] = true;
Can you do that or are you restricted to the Object syntax for some reason?
I'm new to OOP and I'm having some trouble on understanding the structures behind it.
I've created a library in Codeigniter (Template), which I pass some parameters when loading it, but I want to pass those parameters to the functions of the library.
<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
class Template {
public function __construct($params)
{
echo '<pre>'; print_r($params); echo '</pre>';
//these are the parameters I need. I've printed them and everything seems fine
}
public function some_function()
{
//I need the above parameters here
}
}
Try this:
class Template {
// Set some defaults here if you want
public $config = array(
'item1' => 'default_value_1',
'item2' => 'default_value_2',
);
// Or don't
// public $config = array();
// Set a NULL default value in case we want to use defaults
public function __construct($params = NULL)
{
// Loop through params and override defaults
if ($params)
{
foreach ($params as $key => $value)
{
$this->config[$key] = $value;
}
}
}
public function some_function()
{
//i need the above parameters here
// Here you go
echo $this->config['item1'];
}
}
This would turn array('item1' => 'value1', 'item2' => 'value2'); into something you can use like $this->config['item1']. You are just assigning the array to the class variable $config. You could also loop through the variables and validate or alter them if you wish.
If you don't want to override the defaults you set, just don't set the item in your $params array. Use as many different variables and values as you want, it's up to you :)
As Austin has wisely advised make sure to read up on php.net and experiment yourself. The docs can be confusing because they give a lot of edge case examples, but if you check out the Libraries in Codeigniter you can see some examples or how class properties are used. It's really bread-and-butter stuff that you must be familiar with to get anywhere.
Make class members like this:
class Template {
var $param1
var $param2
public function __construct($params)
{
$this->param1 = $params[1]
$this->param2 = $params[2]
//and so on
}
}
Then you can use them in your function
You may want to store the parameters as properties in your class so all your methods will have access to them.
See this documentation about properties in PHP 5: http://www.php.net/manual/en/language.oop5.properties.php
EDIT: Actually, if you're completely new to OOP, you'll find that it can be difficult to wrap your head around at first. Asking questions on SO one at a time as you run into problems will be a very inefficient way to go about it. If you want to save some time, I would recommend starting by reading a basic text that explains the concepts of OOP separate from language-specific implementation details (e.g. The Object-Oriented Thought Process). Then, when you want details, the PHP docs on the subject are pretty good (and free).
I would recommend deciding weather the variables of the class are private or public. This helps greatly with the readability. Private variables should be used for internal variables where as public variables should be used for things that are attributes of the object.