Using $_POST information only once - php

I have some information which gets passed from a form and needs to be used once and only once. I can collect it nicely from $_POST but I'm not sure which is the "best" way to ensure that I can only use it once, i.e. I want to avoid the user pressing F5 repeatedly and accessing the function more than once.
My initial thought was to set a session variable and time the function out for a set period of time. The problem with that is thay could have access to the function again after the set period has elapsed.
Better ideas welcomed!

A redirect to another page would be sufficient to break most browser repost-on-refresh behaviour. Setting a cookie on form submit (or a session variable, as you suggest) would also work quite nicely. You could have the form submission page unset the session variable again, such that only a fresh access to the form would permit re-submitting the form.

This one's VERY easy to implement.
All you need to do is this:
have your form submit to a different page, which will only handle the post information, and not display ANYTHING
Then, send a LOCATION header to redirect the browser to a new page (which will be retreived by GET) This will break the browser's repost-on-refresh behaviour

You can redirect to some other page, like doing
header("Location: index.php");

How about:
1) create a page with the form, eg myformpage.php
2) Make the action of the form myformpage_submit.php
3) in myformpage_submit.php do whatever it is you need to do with the posted info, like inserting into a database.
4) When finished, direct the browser to another page, eg nicework.php
This should dispose of them as you wish.

To avoid the user refreshing the page and accessing to the information,
You can use the token method in the form like this:
<?php
if ( isset($_POST['submit'], $_POST['token']) && ($_POST['token'] === $_SESSION['token']) )
{
// do something here
}
$_SESSION['token'] = uniqid();
?>
And for the form
<form method="POST">
<input type="hidden" name="token" value="<?= $_SESSION['token'] ?>">
<button name="submit" class="btn btn-success">Submit</button>
</form>

Related

Page refresh causes form submission [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
Avoid resending forms on php pages
(6 answers)
Closed 9 years ago.
I have a webpage that contains a form that uses the POST method and references the same page it is on for submission. I am using a PHP include file that contains an if statement that runs when the submit value is set. For some reason though, after one submission, every time you refresh the page it submits the form with the previously submitted data (The browser warns of this before refreshing the page). What causes this, and what could I be doing wrong?
This is expected. You should have the form submit to a handler that has a unique URL, whether it be a query string or a different URI. One solution (of many) would be to change your form action:
<form action="?action=submit" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="action" value="submit" />
...
and then in the PHP script handle the form, then change the context back to a URL without the hidden query string
if (!empty($_POST['action']) && $_POST['action'] == 'submit') {
// do stuff
header('Location: '.$_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME']);
die();
}
Note the query string is not actually present in $_POST but we keep it there so browsers don't consider it to be a redirect loop.
i had the same issue with one of my pages.
the reason is that when the browser warns you that it will submit the form again, that means it is going yo be the same exact thing when you click on a submit button.
I did 2 things to avoid it but i am sure there many other ways.
1. Do not let the page echo the form again after succesfull submission of the form.
mine was like this
<?php
if(!isset($_POST['submit'])) {
include(form.php);// you can modify this according to your needs.
} else {
//display your message about what happened with the form.
}
?>
with that approach, your page will not the contaion a form to submit HOWEVER this will not prevent it from submitting on refresh.
2. if the form is submitted create a contoller input that carries a value indication that the form is already submitted. for example , place this into your form:
<?=(isset($_POST['submit']))?"" :"<input type-"hidden" name="submit_stat" value="true" />" ; ?>
and when you process your form when it is submitted check it with your php and make the script act on that variable like this:
<?php
if($_POST['submit_stat']==true) {
//do not process the form here.
//stop your script
}
?>
Another thing you can do is redirect your page to another page other than the page that handles the form. i believe this is the safest one.
Another Way to prevent this is to move the Post Data to Session, redirect, collect Post back from Session and delete Session Post Data.
if(!empty($_POST) && empty($_FILES)){
// move post to session
// redirect to same url (don't forget possible get query)
}else{
// collect post from session
// unset post from session
}
Build this as default and you should never have problems with post data.
Only exceptions are File uploads. In this case redirect *after* post processing manualy.

PHP, identify a submitted form by unique value

I am trying to come up with a method to differentiate between form being submitted by a unique POST value. While in and of itself this is not that complex an issue my circumstances can lead to their being an issue.
while(!isset($_SESSION['user']) || empty($_SESSION['user'])){
require_once('login_form.php');
}
When a user goes to a page that requires the user to be logged in to view it. If someone lands on one of these pages and is not already logged in I am displaying the login form. The login form's action is itself, or rather the page being displayed. Now my issue comes when the page being displayed also has a form. I need a method to ensure that the $_POST data from the login form does not make it to the $_POST data from the page's form. Normally it would not be an issue except when when form inputs share the same name.
I am wanting a way to differentiate between forms using some unique value. I had been thinking about using HTML buttons for submission.
while(!isset($_SESSION['user']) || empty($_SESSION['user'])){
require_once('login_form.php');
}
if(isset($_POST['PAGE_FORM']) && !empty(PAGE_FORM)){
unset($_POST);
}
<form name="PAGE_FORM">
<button valuye="PAGE_FORM">Submit</button>
</form>
I had also thought about doing something like this instead.
while(!isset($_SESSION['user']) || empty($_SESSION['user'])){
require_once('login_form.php');
if(isset($_SESSION['user']) && !empty($_SESSION['user'])){
unset($_POST);
}
}
<form name="PAGE_FORM">
<button valuye="PAGE_FORM">Submit</button>
</form>
Let me know what you think. I would be interested in any other ideas you might have.
Instead of including the login_form, do a http redirect to a seperate login form.

How to delete $_POST variable upon pressing 'Refresh' button on browser with PHP?

When I press the 'refresh' button on my browser, it seems that $_POST variable is preserved across the refresh.
If I want to delete the contents of $_POST what should I do? Using unset for the fields of $_POST did not help.
Help? Thanks!
The request header contains some POST data. No matter what you do, when you reload the page, the rquest would be sent again.
The simple solution is to redirect to a new (if not the same) page. This pattern is very common in web applications, and is called Post/Redirect/Get. It's typical for all forms to do a POST, then if successful, you should do a redirect.
Try as much as possible to always separate (in different files) your view script (html mostly) from your controller script (business logic and stuff). In this way, you would always post data to a seperate controller script and then redirect back to a view script which when rendered, will contain no POST data in the request header.
To prevent users from refreshing the page or pressing the back button and resubmitting the form I use the following neat little trick.
<?php
if (!isset($_SESSION)) {
session_start();
}
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$_SESSION['postdata'] = $_POST;
unset($_POST);
header("Location: ".$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']);
exit;
}
// This code can be used anywhere you redirect your user to using the header("Location: ...")
if (array_key_exists('postdata', $_SESSION)) {
// Handle your submitted form here using the $_SESSION['postdata'] instead of $_POST
// After using the postdata, don't forget to unset/clear it
unset($_SESSION['postdata']);
}
?>
The POST data is now in a session and users can refresh however much they want. It will no longer have effect on your code.
Use case/example
<!-- Demo after submitting -->
<?php if (array_key_exists('postdata', $_SESSION)): ?>
The name you entered was <?= $_SESSION['postdata']['name']; ?>.
<!-- As specified above, clear the postdata from the session -->
<?php unset($_SESSION['postdata']); ?>
<?php endif; ?>
<!-- Demo form -->
<?php if (!isset($_SESSION['postdata'])): ?>
<form method="POST" action="<?= $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>">
Name: <input type="text" name="name" /><br />
<input type="submit" value="Submit" />
</form>
<?php endif; ?>
Simple PHP solution to this:
if (isset($_POST['aaa'])){
echo '
<script type="text/javascript">
location.reload();
</script>';
}
As the page is reloaded it will update on screen the new data and clear the $_POST
;)
this is a common question here.
Here's a link to a similar question. You can see my answer there.
Why POST['submit'] is set when I reload?
The basic answer is to look into post/redirect/get, but since it is easier to see by example, just check the link above.
My usual technique for this is:
<?php
if ($_POST) {
$errors = validate_post($_POST);
if ($!errors) {
take_action($_POST);
// This is it (you may want to pass some additional parameters to generate visual feedback later):
header('Location: ?');
exit;
}
}
?>
How about using $_POST = array(), which nullifies the data. The browser will still ask to reload, but there will be no data in the $_POST superglobal.
$_POST should only get populated on POST requests. The browser usually sends GET requests. If you reached a page via POST it usually asks you if it should resend the POST data when you hit refresh. What it does is simply that - sending the POST data again. To PHP that looks like a different request although it semantically contains the same data.
This will remove the annoying confirm submission on refresh, the code is self-explanatory:
if (!isset($_SESSION)) {
session_start();
}
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$_SESSION['postdata'] = $_POST;
unset($_POST);
header("Location: ".$_SERVER[REQUEST_URI]);
exit;
}
if (#$_SESSION['postdata']){
$_POST=$_SESSION['postdata'];
unset($_SESSION['postdata']);
}
You can't, this is treated by the browser, not by any programming language. You can use AJAX to make the request or redirect the user to the same (or another) page.
The "best" way to do this is Post / Redirect / Get
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post/Redirect/Get
After the post send a 302 header pointing to the success page
I had this problem in an online fabric store, where there was a button to order a fabric sample on the product page, if a customer had first ordered a product and then wanted to order a sample of a different colour their previous order would be duplicated, since they never left the page and the POST data was still present.
The only way I could do this reliably was to add a redirecting page (or in my case in WordPress, add action to "parse_request" for a mock url), that redirects back to the referring page.
Javascript:
window.location.href = '/hard-reset-form';
PHP:
header('Location: ' . $_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']);
die();
This way you are coming back to a new page, all POST data cleared.
Set an intermediate page where you change $_POST variables into $_SESSION. In your actual page, unset them after usage.
You may pass also the initial page URL to set the browser back button.
I have a single form and display where I "add / delete / edit / insert / move" data records using one form and one submit button. What I do first is to check to see if the $_post is set, if not, set it to nothing. then I run through the rest of the code,
then on the actual $_post's
I use switches and if / else's based on the data entered and with error checking for each data part required for which function is being used.
After it does whatever to the data, I run a function to clear all the $_post data for each section.
you can hit refresh till your blue in the face it won't do anything but refresh the page and display.
So you just need to think logically and make it idiot proof for your users...
try
unset($_POST);
unset($_REQUEST);
header('Location: ...');
it worked for me
I can see this is an old thread, just thought I'd give my 2cents. Not sure if it would fit every scenario, but this is the method I've been successfully using for a number of years:
session_start();
if($_POST == $_SESSION['oldPOST']) $_POST = array(); else $_SESSION['oldPOST'] = $_POST;
Doesn't really delete POST-ed values from the browser, but as far as your php script below these lines is concerned, there is no more POST variables.
This is the most simple way you can do it since you can't clear $_POST data by refreshing the page but by leaving the page and coming back to it again.
This will be on the page you would want to clear $_POST data.
<a class="btn" href="clear_reload.php"> Clear</a> // button to 'clear' data
Now create clear_reload.php.
clear_reload.php:
<?php
header("Location: {$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']}");
?>
The "clear" button will direct you to this clear_reload.php page, which will redirect you back to the same page you were at.
If somehow, the problem has to do with multiple insertions to your database "on refresh". Check my answer here Unset post variables after form submission. It should help.
The Post data can be clear with some tricks.
<?php
if (!isset($_SESSION)) {
session_start();
}
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$_SESSION['postdata'] = $_POST;
unset($_POST); //unsetting $_POST Array
header("Location: ".$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']);//This will let your uri parameters to still exist
exit;
}
?>
In my case I have used the below trick to redirect user to the same page once the $_POST operation has been done.
Example:
if(!empty($_POST['message'])) {
// do your operation here
header('Location: '.$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']);
}
It is a very simple trick where we are reloading the page without post variable.
I see this have been answered. However, I ran into the same issue and fixed it by adding the following to the header of the php script.
header("Pragma: no-cache");
Post/Redirect/Get is a good practice no doubt. But even without that, the above should fix the issue.
I had a form on my account page which sent data with POST method and I had to store the received data in a database. The data from the database was supposed to be displayed on the webpage but I had to refresh the page after the POST request to display the contents in database. To solve this issue I wrote the following code on account page:
if (isset($_POST['variable'])){
echo '
<script type="text/javascript">
location.href="./index.php?result=success";
</script>';
}
Then on index.php I refreshed the page and sent the user back to my account page as follows:
if (isset($_GET['result'])) {
echo'<script>
//reloads the page
location.reload();
//send user back to account.php
location.href="./account.php"
</script>'
}
You should add the no cache directive to your header:
<?php
header( 'Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate' );
header( 'Cache-Control: post-check=0, pre-check=0', false );
header( 'Pragma: no-cache' );
?>
This works for me:
<?if(isset($_POST['oldPost'])):?>
<form method="post" id="resetPost"></form>
<script>$("#resetPost").submit()</script>
<?endif?>

Storing redirect URL for later use

I'm trying to store the redirect URL for use a few pages later but I'm having trouble figuring out how to get it from one place to another.
Usually I'd just pass a variable thru the URL, but since my redirect URL contains URL variables itself, this doesn't exactly work.
To give you a better idea of what I'm trying to do, here's the structure.
PAGE 1: User can click a link to add content on PAGE 2
PAGE 2: User enters text. Submitting the form on this page calls "formsubmit.php" where the MySQL data entries are handled. At the end of this I need to redirect the user to PAGE 1 again. The redirect URL needs to exactly match what was originally on PAGE 1
Does anyone have any suggestions on how to go about this?
You should use $_SESSION to store the variable in session memory. As far as specifics go with how to handle this in particular, you should be able to figure it out (store the variable, check if it exists later, if so redirect etc etc) but $_SESSION is going to be much more efficient / less messy than trying to pass things back and forth in query strings.
To declare a session variable you would do something like this:
$_SESSION['redirUrl'] = "http://www.lolthisisaurl.com/lolagain";
And then to reference it you just do
$theUrl = $_SESSION['redirUrl'];
Here is some material to get you started: http://php.net/manual/en/reserved.variables.session.php
I would recommend either using session variables, or storing the redirect url in a hidden form parameter. Session variables are pretty simple; just initialize the session (once, at the top of each page), and then assign variables to the $_SESSION global var:
<?php
session_start();
...
$_SESSION['redirect_url'] = whatever.com;
...
Hidden form parameters work by sending the data from page to page as form data. On the backend, you would add code that would put the URL to be stored in a form variable:
<input type='hidden' name='redirect_url' value='<?php echo $redirect_url; ?>';
On each page, you can take the URL out of the $_POST or $_GET variable (whichever is appropriate) and insert it into a hidden form in the next page.
You can use urlencode and urldecode to pass a string that contains elements that would otherwise break a url in a url query.
I can see two possible solutions :
get the previous page from document.referrer ([edit] find more info on this SO thread : getting last page URL from history object - cross browser?)
store the previous url via a session variable ([edit] MoarCodePlz pointed this out in his answer)
Regards,
Max
You can add this hidden field in to your form:
<input type="hidden" name="referer" value="<?php echo $_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']; ?>">
Then use header() to redirect to this page:
header('Location: '. $_POST['referer']);

Retaining data in HTML form

I have an HTML form. Let's say I fill out all the fields and submit it (PHP script runs here).
Then I want to go back to the form using "Back" button of my browser.
What I see is the empty form.
What do I do to have the entered data retain on the page after I come back to it using "Back" button of the browser?
Thank you!
If you use the "Back" button of your browser then your browser is responsible for re-populating your form data.
Usually that functionality is handled by the browser, however if you want to "force" the fields to always be pre-filled with the user's data, you can store the $_POST data in a session variable and use that to load the form.
Example:
// submission page
session_start();
if(isset($_POST)){
// save the posted data in the session
$_SESSION["POST"] = $_POST;
}
Then on the actual form page, you can check to see if session data exists. It won't if the form is being loaded the first time, but it will if the user submits the form and then presses the browser back button:
// form page
session_start();
if(isset($_SESSION["POST"])){
// previous POST data has been saved
// build the form with pre-defined values from $_SESSION
...
} else {
// no previous data
// build the form without pre-defined values
...
}
Note that you must call session_start() before outputting any HTML.
Store the value in a session
session_start();
//form so that you have all the potential forms in a single session array
//form_1 to identify the form in question
if(!empty($_POST)){
$_SESSION['forms']['form_1'] = $_POST;//if this is for the public internet, then I would really consider making sure that the posted data matches the received data... (and that its comming from YOUR form), which is way too long to post here...
}
then on the form page
<input name="flowers" value="<?php echo if(isset($_SESSION['forms']['forms_1']['flowers'])){ echo htmlspecialchars($_SESSION['forms']['forms_1']['flowers']);} ?>" />
obviously the above can be simplified, but for a example's sake it's better this way.
(make sure to clean out the old form data eventually)
You can potentially store the data in the session, and re-populate it back using PHP sessions. You should create a separate back button that takes you to the previous page.
Example:
Storing data:
$_SESSION['data'] = $_POST['item1'];
In the HTML Forms:
<input type="text" name="someinput" value="<?=$_SESSION['data']?>" />

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