Foreach not working - PHP - php

Question

I need to print the below array structure as:
Node Title 1
topic 1
topic 2
topic 3
topic 4
asset title1
asset title2
asset title3
How can i do using foreach - PHP
What i have done is :
foreach($output['fields'] as $key => $value) {
if($key == 'title') {
echo $value;
}
if(count($value['main_topic'])) {
foreach($value['main_topic'] AS $mainkey => $main_topic) {
echo $main_topic['topic_title'];
}
}
}
The above syntax is printing the title. But not the main_topic array.
Array
(
[fields] => Array
(
[nid] => 136
[node_title] => Node title 1
[node_type] => curriculum
[title] => Node title 1
[main_topic] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[row_id] => 136
[topic_id] => 411847
[weight] => 10
[topic_title] => topic 1
)
[1] => Array
(
[row_id] => 136
[topic_id] => 411839
[weight] => 2
[topic_title] => topic 2
)
[2] => Array
(
[row_id] => 136
[topic_id] => 411840
[weight] => 3
[topic_title] => topic 3
)
[3] => Array
(
[row_id] => 136
[topic_id] => 411841
[weight] => 4
[topic_title] => topic 4
[subfield] => Array
(
[1] => Array
(
[asset_title] => asset title 1
)
[2] => Array
(
[asset_title] => asset title 2
)
[3] => Array
(
[asset_title] => asset title 3
)
)
)
)
)
)

Answer 1

That is because you are iterating over all $output['fields'].
There will never be a $value with key 'main_topic' because the key 'main_topic' is contained in the $output['fields'] array and thus exists only as $key in your foreach. The array you want is $value
Your code should be like:
foreach($output['fields'] as $key => $value) {
if($key == 'title') {
echo $value;
continue;
}
if($key == 'main_topic' && is_array($value)) {
foreach($value as $main_topic) {
echo $main_topic['topic_title'];
}
}
}
To complete this answer with a full solution (including asset titles), below is how I would write it.
Because $output['fields'] is the starting point and to make the code more readable, I create a reference to the starting node using the =& operator so the array is not copied in memory. I do the same with the inner foreachs. Since we are not modifying data, referencing the variables is sufficient and consumes less memory and CPU:
if (is_array($output['fields'])) {
$node =& $output['fields'];
echo $node['title'];
if(is_array($node['main_topic'])) {
foreach($node['main_topic'] as &$main) {
echo $main['topic_title'];
if(is_array($main['subfield'])) {
foreach($main['subfield'] as &$asset) {
echo $asset['asset_title'];
}
}
}
}
}
else {
echo "no menu";
}

Answer 2

$value is the array, not $key['main_topic']
foreach($output['fields'] as $key => $value) {
if($key == 'title') {
echo $value;
}
if($key == 'main_topic') {
foreach($value as $mainkey => $main_topic) {
echo $main_topic['topic_title'];
}
}
}

Answer 3

Try this, you need the additional key:
echo $value['main_topic'][$mainkey]['topic_title'];

Answer 4

You're getting your array sections confused.
Try (and I haven't tested this) :
echo $output['node_title']."\n";
foreach ($output['fields'] as $key=>$value)
{
switch ($key)
{
case 'title':
echo $value."\n";
break;
case 'main_topic':
if (count($value) > 0)
{
foreach ($value as $main_block)
{
echo "\t".$main_block['topic_title']."\n";
if (array_key_exists('subfield',$main_block)!==FALSE)
{
foreach ($main_block['subfield'] as $subfield_block)
{
echo "\t\t".$subfield_block['asset_title']."\n";
}
}
}
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}