Reverse flatted array to multidimensional - php

In another thread i asked about flatten an array with a specific style to get something like this:
array(4) {
["one"]=> string(9) "one_value"
["two-four"]=> string(10) "four_value"
["two-five"]=> string(10) "five_value"
["three-six-seven"]=> string(11) "seven_value"
}
I've got some very good help there, but now im wondering how would i reverse this method to get again the same original array:
array(
'one' => 'one_value',
'two' => array
(
'four' => 'four_value',
'five' => 'five_value'
),
'three' => array
(
'six' => array
(
'seven' => 'seven_value'
)
)
)
I've tried with recursive method but with no luck.
I thank all the help in advance!

function expand($flat) {
$result = array();
foreach($flat as $key => $val) {
$keyParts = explode("-", $key);
$currentArray = &$result;
for($i=0; $i<count($keyParts)-1; $i++) {
if(!isSet($currentArray[$keyParts[$i]])) {
$currentArray[$keyParts[$i]] = array();
}
$currentArray = &$currentArray[$keyParts[$i]];
}
$currentArray[$keyParts[count($keyParts)-1]] = $val;
}
return $result;
}
Note that the code above is not tested and is given only to illustrate the idea.
The & operator is used for $currentArray to store not the value but the reference to some node in your tree (implemented by multidimensional array), so that changing $currentArray will change $result as well.

Here is an efficient recursive solution:
$foo = array(
"one" => "one_value",
"two-four" => "four_value",
"two-five" => "five_value",
"three-six-seven" => "seven_value"
);
function reverser($the_array) {
$temp = array();
foreach ($the_array as $key => $value) {
if (false != strpos($key, '-')) {
$first = strstr($key, '-', true);
$rest = strstr($key, '-');
if (isset($temp[$first])) {
$temp[$first] = array_merge($temp[$first], reverser(array(substr($rest, 1) => $value)));
} else {
$temp[$first] = reverser(array(substr($rest, 1) => $value));
}
} else {
$temp[$key] = $value;
}
}
return $temp;
}
print_r(reverser($foo));
strstr(___, ___, true) only works with PHP 5.3 or greater, but if this is a problem, there's a simple one-line solution (ask if you'd like it).

Related

php arrays combining multi dimensional array [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
How to Flatten a Multidimensional Array?
(31 answers)
Closed 1 year ago.
It's probably beginner question but I'm going through documentation for longer time already and I can't find any solution. I thought I could use implode for each dimension and then put those strings back together with str_split to make new simple array. However I never know if the join pattern isn't also in values and so after doing str_split my original values could break.
Is there something like combine($array1, $array2) for arrays inside of multi-dimensional array?
$array = your array
$result = call_user_func_array('array_merge', $array);
echo "<pre>";
print_r($result);
REF: http://php.net/manual/en/function.call-user-func-array.php
Here is another solution (works with multi-dimensional array) :
function array_flatten($array) {
$return = array();
foreach ($array as $key => $value) {
if (is_array($value)){ $return = array_merge($return, array_flatten($value));}
else {$return[$key] = $value;}
}
return $return;
}
$array = Your array
$result = array_flatten($array);
echo "<pre>";
print_r($result);
This is a one line, SUPER easy to use:
$result = array();
array_walk_recursive($original_array,function($v) use (&$result){ $result[] = $v; });
It is very easy to understand, inside the anonymous function/closure. $v is the value of your $original_array.
Use array_walk_recursive
<?php
$aNonFlat = array(
1,
2,
array(
3,
4,
5,
array(
6,
7
),
8,
9,
),
10,
11
);
$objTmp = (object) array('aFlat' => array());
array_walk_recursive($aNonFlat, create_function('&$v, $k, &$t', '$t->aFlat[] = $v;'), $objTmp);
var_dump($objTmp->aFlat);
/*
array(11) {
[0]=>
int(1)
[1]=>
int(2)
[2]=>
int(3)
[3]=>
int(4)
[4]=>
int(5)
[5]=>
int(6)
[6]=>
int(7)
[7]=>
int(8)
[8]=>
int(9)
[9]=>
int(10)
[10]=>
int(11)
}
*/
?>
Tested with PHP 5.5.9-1ubuntu4.24 (cli) (built: Mar 16 2018 12:32:06)
If you specifically have an array of arrays that doesn't go further than one level deep (a use case I find common) you can get away with array_merge and the splat operator.
<?php
$notFlat = [[1,2],[3,4]];
$flat = array_merge(...$notFlat);
var_dump($flat);
Output:
array(4) {
[0]=>
int(1)
[1]=>
int(2)
[2]=>
int(3)
[3]=>
int(4)
}
The splat operator effectively changes the array of arrays to a list of arrays as arguments for array_merge.
// $array = your multidimensional array
$flat_array = array();
foreach(new RecursiveIteratorIterator(new RecursiveArrayIterator($array)) as $k=>$v){
$flat_array[$k] = $v;
}
Also documented:
http://www.phpro.org/examples/Flatten-Array.html
Sorry for necrobumping, but none of the provided answers did what I intuitively understood as "flattening a multidimensional array". Namely this case:
[
'a' => [
'b' => 'value',
]
]
all of the provided solutions would flatten it into just ['value'], but that loses information about the key and the depth, plus if you have another 'b' key somewhere else, it will overwrite them.
I wanted to get a result like this:
[
'a_b' => 'value',
]
array_walk_recursive doesn't pass the information about the key it's currently recursing, so I did it with just plain recursion:
function flatten($array, $prefix = '') {
$return = [];
foreach ($array as $key => $value) {
if (is_array($value)) {
$return = array_merge($return, flatten($value, $prefix . $key . '_'));
} else {
$return[$prefix . $key] = $value;
}
}
return $return;
}
Modify the $prefix and '_' separator to your liking.
Playground here: https://3v4l.org/0B8hf
With PHP 7, you can use generators and generator delegation (yield from) to flatten an array:
function array_flatten_iterator (array $array) {
foreach ($array as $value) {
if (is_array($value)) {
yield from array_flatten_iterator($value);
} else {
yield $value;
}
}
}
function array_flatten (array $array) {
return iterator_to_array(array_flatten_iterator($array), false);
}
Example:
$array = [
1,
2,
[
3,
4,
5,
[
6,
7
],
8,
9,
],
10,
11,
];
var_dump(array_flatten($array));
http://3v4l.org/RU30W
A non-recursive solution (but order-destroying):
function flatten($ar) {
$toflat = array($ar);
$res = array();
while (($r = array_shift($toflat)) !== NULL) {
foreach ($r as $v) {
if (is_array($v)) {
$toflat[] = $v;
} else {
$res[] = $v;
}
}
}
return $res;
}
function flatten_array($array, $preserve_keys = 0, &$out = array()) {
# Flatten a multidimensional array to one dimension, optionally preserving keys.
#
# $array - the array to flatten
# $preserve_keys - 0 (default) to not preserve keys, 1 to preserve string keys only, 2 to preserve all keys
# $out - internal use argument for recursion
foreach($array as $key => $child)
if(is_array($child))
$out = flatten_array($child, $preserve_keys, $out);
elseif($preserve_keys + is_string($key) > 1)
$out[$key] = $child;
else
$out[] = $child;
return $out;
}
Another method from PHP's user comments (simplified) and here:
function array_flatten_recursive($array) {
if (!$array) return false;
$flat = array();
$RII = new RecursiveIteratorIterator(new RecursiveArrayIterator($array));
foreach ($RII as $value) $flat[] = $value;
return $flat;
}
The big benefit of this method is that it tracks the depth of the recursion, should you need that while flattening.
This will output:
$array = array(
'A' => array('B' => array( 1, 2, 3)),
'C' => array(4, 5)
);
print_r(array_flatten_recursive($array));
#Returns:
Array (
[0] => 1
[1] => 2
[2] => 3
[3] => 4
[4] => 5
)
In PHP>=5.3 and based on Luc M's answer (the first one) you can make use of closures like this
array_walk_recursive($aNonFlat, function(&$v, $k, &$t){$t->aFlat[] = $v;}, $objTmp);
I love this because I don't have to surround the function's code with quotes like when using create_function()
Using higher-order functions (note: I'm using inline anonymous functions, which appeared in PHP 5.3):
function array_flatten($array) {
return array_reduce(
$array,
function($prev, $element) {
if (!is_array($element))
$prev[] = $element;
else
$prev = array_merge($prev, array_flatten($element));
return $prev;
},
array()
);
}
I found a simple way to convert multilevel array into one.
I use the function "http_build_query" which converts the array into a url string.
Then, split the string with explode and decode the value.
Here is a sample.
$converted = http_build_query($data);
$rows = explode('&', $converted);
$output = array();
foreach($rows AS $k => $v){
list($kk, $vv) = explode('=', $v);
$output[ urldecode($kk) ] = urldecode($vv);
}
return $output;
A new approach based on the previous example function submited by chaos, which fixes the bug of overwritting string keys in multiarrays:
# Flatten a multidimensional array to one dimension, optionally preserving keys.
# $array - the array to flatten
# $preserve_keys - 0 (default) to not preserve keys, 1 to preserve string keys only, 2 to preserve all keys
# $out - internal use argument for recursion
function flatten_array($array, $preserve_keys = 2, &$out = array(), &$last_subarray_found)
{
foreach($array as $key => $child)
{
if(is_array($child))
{
$last_subarray_found = $key;
$out = flatten_array($child, $preserve_keys, $out, $last_subarray_found);
}
elseif($preserve_keys + is_string($key) > 1)
{
if ($last_subarray_found)
{
$sfinal_key_value = $last_subarray_found . "_" . $key;
}
else
{
$sfinal_key_value = $key;
}
$out[$sfinal_key_value] = $child;
}
else
{
$out[] = $child;
}
}
return $out;
}
Example:
$newarraytest = array();
$last_subarray_found = "";
$this->flatten_array($array, 2, $newarraytest, $last_subarray_found);
/*consider $mArray as multidimensional array and $sArray as single dimensional array
this code will ignore the parent array
*/
function flatten_array2($mArray) {
$sArray = array();
foreach ($mArray as $row) {
if ( !(is_array($row)) ) {
if($sArray[] = $row){
}
} else {
$sArray = array_merge($sArray,flatten_array2($row));
}
}
return $sArray;
}
you can try this:
function flat_an_array($a)
{
foreach($a as $i)
{
if(is_array($i))
{
if($na) $na = array_merge($na,flat_an_array($i));
else $na = flat_an_array($i);
}
else $na[] = $i;
}
return $na;
}
If you're okay with loosing array keys, you may flatten a multi-dimensional array using a recursive closure as a callback that utilizes array_values(), making sure that this callback is a parameter for array_walk(), as follows.
<?php
$array = [1,2,3,[5,6,7]];
$nu_array = null;
$callback = function ( $item ) use(&$callback, &$nu_array) {
if (!is_array($item)) {
$nu_array[] = $item;
}
else
if ( is_array( $item ) ) {
foreach( array_values($item) as $v) {
if ( !(is_array($v))) {
$nu_array[] = $v;
}
else
{
$callback( $v );
continue;
}
}
}
};
array_walk($array, $callback);
print_r($nu_array);
The one drawback of the preceding example is that it involves writing far more code than the following solution which uses array_walk_recursive() along with a simplified callback:
<?php
$array = [1,2,3,[5,6,7]];
$nu_array = [];
array_walk_recursive($array, function ( $item ) use(&$nu_array )
{
$nu_array[] = $item;
}
);
print_r($nu_array);
See live code
This example seems preferable to the previous one, hiding the details about how values are extracted from a multidimensional array. Surely, iteration occurs, but whether it entails recursion or control structure(s), you'll only know from perusing array.c. Since functional programming focuses on input and output rather than the minutiae of obtaining a result, surely one can remain unconcerned about how behind-the-scenes iteration occurs, that is until a perspective employer poses such a question.
You can use the flatten function from Non-standard PHP library (NSPL). It works with arrays and any iterable data structures.
assert([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] === flatten([[1, [2, [3]]], [[[4, 5, 6]]], 7, 8, [9]]));
Simple approach..See it via recursion..
<?php
function flatten_array($simple){
static $outputs=array();
foreach ( $simple as $value)
{
if(is_array($value)){
flatten_array($value);
}
else{
$outputs[]=$value;
}
}
return $outputs;
}
$eg=['s'=>['p','n'=>['t']]];
$out=flatten_array($eg);
print_r($out);
?>
Someone might find this useful, I had a problem flattening array at some dimension, I would call it last dimension so for example, if I have array like:
array (
'germany' =>
array (
'cars' =>
array (
'bmw' =>
array (
0 => 'm4',
1 => 'x3',
2 => 'x8',
),
),
),
'france' =>
array (
'cars' =>
array (
'peugeot' =>
array (
0 => '206',
1 => '3008',
2 => '5008',
),
),
),
)
Or:
array (
'earth' =>
array (
'germany' =>
array (
'cars' =>
array (
'bmw' =>
array (
0 => 'm4',
1 => 'x3',
2 => 'x8',
),
),
),
),
'mars' =>
array (
'france' =>
array (
'cars' =>
array (
'peugeot' =>
array (
0 => '206',
1 => '3008',
2 => '5008',
),
),
),
),
)
For both of these arrays when I call method below I get result:
array (
0 =>
array (
0 => 'm4',
1 => 'x3',
2 => 'x8',
),
1 =>
array (
0 => '206',
1 => '3008',
2 => '5008',
),
)
So I am flattening to last array dimension which should stay the same, method below could be refactored to actually stop at any kind of level:
function flattenAggregatedArray($aggregatedArray) {
$final = $lvls = [];
$counter = 1;
$lvls[$counter] = $aggregatedArray;
$elem = current($aggregatedArray);
while ($elem){
while(is_array($elem)){
$counter++;
$lvls[$counter] = $elem;
$elem = current($elem);
}
$final[] = $lvls[$counter];
$elem = next($lvls[--$counter]);
while ( $elem == null){
if (isset($lvls[$counter-1])){
$elem = next($lvls[--$counter]);
}
else{
return $final;
}
}
}
}
If you're interested in just the values for one particular key, you might find this approach useful:
function valuelist($array, $array_column) {
$return = array();
foreach($array AS $row){
$return[]=$row[$array_column];
};
return $return;
};
Example:
Given $get_role_action=
array(3) {
[0]=>
array(2) {
["ACTION_CD"]=>
string(12) "ADD_DOCUMENT"
["ACTION_REASON"]=>
NULL
}
[1]=>
array(2) {
["ACTION_CD"]=>
string(13) "LINK_DOCUMENT"
["ACTION_REASON"]=>
NULL
}
[2]=>
array(2) {
["ACTION_CD"]=>
string(15) "UNLINK_DOCUMENT"
["ACTION_REASON"]=>
NULL
}
}
than $variables['role_action_list']=valuelist($get_role_action, 'ACTION_CD'); would result in:
$variables["role_action_list"]=>
array(3) {
[0]=>
string(12) "ADD_DOCUMENT"
[1]=>
string(13) "LINK_DOCUMENT"
[2]=>
string(15) "UNLINK_DOCUMENT"
}
From there you can perform value look-ups like so:
if( in_array('ADD_DOCUMENT', $variables['role_action_list']) ){
//do something
};
any of this didnt work for me ...
so had to run it myself.
works just fine:
function arrayFlat($arr){
$out = '';
foreach($arr as $key => $value){
if(!is_array($value)){
$out .= $value.',';
}else{
$out .= $key.',';
$out .= arrayFlat($value);
}
}
return trim($out,',');
}
$result = explode(',',arrayFlat($yourArray));
echo '<pre>';
print_r($result);
echo '</pre>';
Given multi-dimensional array and converting it into one-dimensional, can be done by unsetting all values which are having arrays and saving them into first dimension, for example:
function _flatten_array($arr) {
while ($arr) {
list($key, $value) = each($arr);
is_array($value) ? $arr = $value : $out[$key] = $value;
unset($arr[$key]);
}
return (array)$out;
}

How would I write this multidimensional array to a one dimensional array? [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
How to Flatten a Multidimensional Array?
(31 answers)
Closed 1 year ago.
It's probably beginner question but I'm going through documentation for longer time already and I can't find any solution. I thought I could use implode for each dimension and then put those strings back together with str_split to make new simple array. However I never know if the join pattern isn't also in values and so after doing str_split my original values could break.
Is there something like combine($array1, $array2) for arrays inside of multi-dimensional array?
$array = your array
$result = call_user_func_array('array_merge', $array);
echo "<pre>";
print_r($result);
REF: http://php.net/manual/en/function.call-user-func-array.php
Here is another solution (works with multi-dimensional array) :
function array_flatten($array) {
$return = array();
foreach ($array as $key => $value) {
if (is_array($value)){ $return = array_merge($return, array_flatten($value));}
else {$return[$key] = $value;}
}
return $return;
}
$array = Your array
$result = array_flatten($array);
echo "<pre>";
print_r($result);
This is a one line, SUPER easy to use:
$result = array();
array_walk_recursive($original_array,function($v) use (&$result){ $result[] = $v; });
It is very easy to understand, inside the anonymous function/closure. $v is the value of your $original_array.
Use array_walk_recursive
<?php
$aNonFlat = array(
1,
2,
array(
3,
4,
5,
array(
6,
7
),
8,
9,
),
10,
11
);
$objTmp = (object) array('aFlat' => array());
array_walk_recursive($aNonFlat, create_function('&$v, $k, &$t', '$t->aFlat[] = $v;'), $objTmp);
var_dump($objTmp->aFlat);
/*
array(11) {
[0]=>
int(1)
[1]=>
int(2)
[2]=>
int(3)
[3]=>
int(4)
[4]=>
int(5)
[5]=>
int(6)
[6]=>
int(7)
[7]=>
int(8)
[8]=>
int(9)
[9]=>
int(10)
[10]=>
int(11)
}
*/
?>
Tested with PHP 5.5.9-1ubuntu4.24 (cli) (built: Mar 16 2018 12:32:06)
If you specifically have an array of arrays that doesn't go further than one level deep (a use case I find common) you can get away with array_merge and the splat operator.
<?php
$notFlat = [[1,2],[3,4]];
$flat = array_merge(...$notFlat);
var_dump($flat);
Output:
array(4) {
[0]=>
int(1)
[1]=>
int(2)
[2]=>
int(3)
[3]=>
int(4)
}
The splat operator effectively changes the array of arrays to a list of arrays as arguments for array_merge.
// $array = your multidimensional array
$flat_array = array();
foreach(new RecursiveIteratorIterator(new RecursiveArrayIterator($array)) as $k=>$v){
$flat_array[$k] = $v;
}
Also documented:
http://www.phpro.org/examples/Flatten-Array.html
Sorry for necrobumping, but none of the provided answers did what I intuitively understood as "flattening a multidimensional array". Namely this case:
[
'a' => [
'b' => 'value',
]
]
all of the provided solutions would flatten it into just ['value'], but that loses information about the key and the depth, plus if you have another 'b' key somewhere else, it will overwrite them.
I wanted to get a result like this:
[
'a_b' => 'value',
]
array_walk_recursive doesn't pass the information about the key it's currently recursing, so I did it with just plain recursion:
function flatten($array, $prefix = '') {
$return = [];
foreach ($array as $key => $value) {
if (is_array($value)) {
$return = array_merge($return, flatten($value, $prefix . $key . '_'));
} else {
$return[$prefix . $key] = $value;
}
}
return $return;
}
Modify the $prefix and '_' separator to your liking.
Playground here: https://3v4l.org/0B8hf
With PHP 7, you can use generators and generator delegation (yield from) to flatten an array:
function array_flatten_iterator (array $array) {
foreach ($array as $value) {
if (is_array($value)) {
yield from array_flatten_iterator($value);
} else {
yield $value;
}
}
}
function array_flatten (array $array) {
return iterator_to_array(array_flatten_iterator($array), false);
}
Example:
$array = [
1,
2,
[
3,
4,
5,
[
6,
7
],
8,
9,
],
10,
11,
];
var_dump(array_flatten($array));
http://3v4l.org/RU30W
A non-recursive solution (but order-destroying):
function flatten($ar) {
$toflat = array($ar);
$res = array();
while (($r = array_shift($toflat)) !== NULL) {
foreach ($r as $v) {
if (is_array($v)) {
$toflat[] = $v;
} else {
$res[] = $v;
}
}
}
return $res;
}
function flatten_array($array, $preserve_keys = 0, &$out = array()) {
# Flatten a multidimensional array to one dimension, optionally preserving keys.
#
# $array - the array to flatten
# $preserve_keys - 0 (default) to not preserve keys, 1 to preserve string keys only, 2 to preserve all keys
# $out - internal use argument for recursion
foreach($array as $key => $child)
if(is_array($child))
$out = flatten_array($child, $preserve_keys, $out);
elseif($preserve_keys + is_string($key) > 1)
$out[$key] = $child;
else
$out[] = $child;
return $out;
}
Another method from PHP's user comments (simplified) and here:
function array_flatten_recursive($array) {
if (!$array) return false;
$flat = array();
$RII = new RecursiveIteratorIterator(new RecursiveArrayIterator($array));
foreach ($RII as $value) $flat[] = $value;
return $flat;
}
The big benefit of this method is that it tracks the depth of the recursion, should you need that while flattening.
This will output:
$array = array(
'A' => array('B' => array( 1, 2, 3)),
'C' => array(4, 5)
);
print_r(array_flatten_recursive($array));
#Returns:
Array (
[0] => 1
[1] => 2
[2] => 3
[3] => 4
[4] => 5
)
In PHP>=5.3 and based on Luc M's answer (the first one) you can make use of closures like this
array_walk_recursive($aNonFlat, function(&$v, $k, &$t){$t->aFlat[] = $v;}, $objTmp);
I love this because I don't have to surround the function's code with quotes like when using create_function()
Using higher-order functions (note: I'm using inline anonymous functions, which appeared in PHP 5.3):
function array_flatten($array) {
return array_reduce(
$array,
function($prev, $element) {
if (!is_array($element))
$prev[] = $element;
else
$prev = array_merge($prev, array_flatten($element));
return $prev;
},
array()
);
}
I found a simple way to convert multilevel array into one.
I use the function "http_build_query" which converts the array into a url string.
Then, split the string with explode and decode the value.
Here is a sample.
$converted = http_build_query($data);
$rows = explode('&', $converted);
$output = array();
foreach($rows AS $k => $v){
list($kk, $vv) = explode('=', $v);
$output[ urldecode($kk) ] = urldecode($vv);
}
return $output;
A new approach based on the previous example function submited by chaos, which fixes the bug of overwritting string keys in multiarrays:
# Flatten a multidimensional array to one dimension, optionally preserving keys.
# $array - the array to flatten
# $preserve_keys - 0 (default) to not preserve keys, 1 to preserve string keys only, 2 to preserve all keys
# $out - internal use argument for recursion
function flatten_array($array, $preserve_keys = 2, &$out = array(), &$last_subarray_found)
{
foreach($array as $key => $child)
{
if(is_array($child))
{
$last_subarray_found = $key;
$out = flatten_array($child, $preserve_keys, $out, $last_subarray_found);
}
elseif($preserve_keys + is_string($key) > 1)
{
if ($last_subarray_found)
{
$sfinal_key_value = $last_subarray_found . "_" . $key;
}
else
{
$sfinal_key_value = $key;
}
$out[$sfinal_key_value] = $child;
}
else
{
$out[] = $child;
}
}
return $out;
}
Example:
$newarraytest = array();
$last_subarray_found = "";
$this->flatten_array($array, 2, $newarraytest, $last_subarray_found);
/*consider $mArray as multidimensional array and $sArray as single dimensional array
this code will ignore the parent array
*/
function flatten_array2($mArray) {
$sArray = array();
foreach ($mArray as $row) {
if ( !(is_array($row)) ) {
if($sArray[] = $row){
}
} else {
$sArray = array_merge($sArray,flatten_array2($row));
}
}
return $sArray;
}
you can try this:
function flat_an_array($a)
{
foreach($a as $i)
{
if(is_array($i))
{
if($na) $na = array_merge($na,flat_an_array($i));
else $na = flat_an_array($i);
}
else $na[] = $i;
}
return $na;
}
If you're okay with loosing array keys, you may flatten a multi-dimensional array using a recursive closure as a callback that utilizes array_values(), making sure that this callback is a parameter for array_walk(), as follows.
<?php
$array = [1,2,3,[5,6,7]];
$nu_array = null;
$callback = function ( $item ) use(&$callback, &$nu_array) {
if (!is_array($item)) {
$nu_array[] = $item;
}
else
if ( is_array( $item ) ) {
foreach( array_values($item) as $v) {
if ( !(is_array($v))) {
$nu_array[] = $v;
}
else
{
$callback( $v );
continue;
}
}
}
};
array_walk($array, $callback);
print_r($nu_array);
The one drawback of the preceding example is that it involves writing far more code than the following solution which uses array_walk_recursive() along with a simplified callback:
<?php
$array = [1,2,3,[5,6,7]];
$nu_array = [];
array_walk_recursive($array, function ( $item ) use(&$nu_array )
{
$nu_array[] = $item;
}
);
print_r($nu_array);
See live code
This example seems preferable to the previous one, hiding the details about how values are extracted from a multidimensional array. Surely, iteration occurs, but whether it entails recursion or control structure(s), you'll only know from perusing array.c. Since functional programming focuses on input and output rather than the minutiae of obtaining a result, surely one can remain unconcerned about how behind-the-scenes iteration occurs, that is until a perspective employer poses such a question.
You can use the flatten function from Non-standard PHP library (NSPL). It works with arrays and any iterable data structures.
assert([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] === flatten([[1, [2, [3]]], [[[4, 5, 6]]], 7, 8, [9]]));
Simple approach..See it via recursion..
<?php
function flatten_array($simple){
static $outputs=array();
foreach ( $simple as $value)
{
if(is_array($value)){
flatten_array($value);
}
else{
$outputs[]=$value;
}
}
return $outputs;
}
$eg=['s'=>['p','n'=>['t']]];
$out=flatten_array($eg);
print_r($out);
?>
Someone might find this useful, I had a problem flattening array at some dimension, I would call it last dimension so for example, if I have array like:
array (
'germany' =>
array (
'cars' =>
array (
'bmw' =>
array (
0 => 'm4',
1 => 'x3',
2 => 'x8',
),
),
),
'france' =>
array (
'cars' =>
array (
'peugeot' =>
array (
0 => '206',
1 => '3008',
2 => '5008',
),
),
),
)
Or:
array (
'earth' =>
array (
'germany' =>
array (
'cars' =>
array (
'bmw' =>
array (
0 => 'm4',
1 => 'x3',
2 => 'x8',
),
),
),
),
'mars' =>
array (
'france' =>
array (
'cars' =>
array (
'peugeot' =>
array (
0 => '206',
1 => '3008',
2 => '5008',
),
),
),
),
)
For both of these arrays when I call method below I get result:
array (
0 =>
array (
0 => 'm4',
1 => 'x3',
2 => 'x8',
),
1 =>
array (
0 => '206',
1 => '3008',
2 => '5008',
),
)
So I am flattening to last array dimension which should stay the same, method below could be refactored to actually stop at any kind of level:
function flattenAggregatedArray($aggregatedArray) {
$final = $lvls = [];
$counter = 1;
$lvls[$counter] = $aggregatedArray;
$elem = current($aggregatedArray);
while ($elem){
while(is_array($elem)){
$counter++;
$lvls[$counter] = $elem;
$elem = current($elem);
}
$final[] = $lvls[$counter];
$elem = next($lvls[--$counter]);
while ( $elem == null){
if (isset($lvls[$counter-1])){
$elem = next($lvls[--$counter]);
}
else{
return $final;
}
}
}
}
If you're interested in just the values for one particular key, you might find this approach useful:
function valuelist($array, $array_column) {
$return = array();
foreach($array AS $row){
$return[]=$row[$array_column];
};
return $return;
};
Example:
Given $get_role_action=
array(3) {
[0]=>
array(2) {
["ACTION_CD"]=>
string(12) "ADD_DOCUMENT"
["ACTION_REASON"]=>
NULL
}
[1]=>
array(2) {
["ACTION_CD"]=>
string(13) "LINK_DOCUMENT"
["ACTION_REASON"]=>
NULL
}
[2]=>
array(2) {
["ACTION_CD"]=>
string(15) "UNLINK_DOCUMENT"
["ACTION_REASON"]=>
NULL
}
}
than $variables['role_action_list']=valuelist($get_role_action, 'ACTION_CD'); would result in:
$variables["role_action_list"]=>
array(3) {
[0]=>
string(12) "ADD_DOCUMENT"
[1]=>
string(13) "LINK_DOCUMENT"
[2]=>
string(15) "UNLINK_DOCUMENT"
}
From there you can perform value look-ups like so:
if( in_array('ADD_DOCUMENT', $variables['role_action_list']) ){
//do something
};
any of this didnt work for me ...
so had to run it myself.
works just fine:
function arrayFlat($arr){
$out = '';
foreach($arr as $key => $value){
if(!is_array($value)){
$out .= $value.',';
}else{
$out .= $key.',';
$out .= arrayFlat($value);
}
}
return trim($out,',');
}
$result = explode(',',arrayFlat($yourArray));
echo '<pre>';
print_r($result);
echo '</pre>';
Given multi-dimensional array and converting it into one-dimensional, can be done by unsetting all values which are having arrays and saving them into first dimension, for example:
function _flatten_array($arr) {
while ($arr) {
list($key, $value) = each($arr);
is_array($value) ? $arr = $value : $out[$key] = $value;
unset($arr[$key]);
}
return (array)$out;
}

PHP - multidimensional array to query string

Searched for so long but didn't get any feasible answer.
A) Input:
$array = array(
'order_source' => array('google','facebook'),
'order_medium' => 'google-text'
);
Which looks like:
Array
(
[order_source] => Array
(
[0] => google
[1] => facebook
)
[order_medium] => google-text
)
B) Required output:
order_source=google&order_source=facebook&order_medium=google-text
C) What I've tried (http://3v4l.org/b3OYo):
$arr = array('order_source' => array('google','facebook'), 'order_medium' => 'google-text');
function bqs($array, $qs='')
{
foreach($array as $par => $val)
{
if(is_array($val))
{
bqs($val, $qs);
}
else
{
$qs .= $par.'='.$val.'&';
}
}
return $qs;
}
echo $qss = bqs($arr);
D) What I'm getting:
order_medium=google-text&
Note: It should also work for any single dimensional array like http_build_query() works.
I hope that this is what you are looking for, it works with single to n-dimensinal arrays.
$walk = function( $item, $key, $parent_key = '' ) use ( &$output, &$walk ) {
is_array( $item )
? array_walk( $item, $walk, $key )
: $output[] = http_build_query( array( $parent_key ?: $key => $item ) );
};
array_walk( $array, $walk );
echo implode( '&', $output ); // order_source=google&order_source=facebook&order_medium=google-text
You don't really need to do anything special here.
$array = array(
'order_source' => array('google', 'facebook'),
'order_medium' => 'google-text'
);
$qss = http_build_query($array);
On the other side:
var_dump($_GET);
Result:
array(2) {
["order_source"]=>
array(2) {
[0]=>
string(6) "google"
[1]=>
string(8) "facebook"
}
["order_medium"]=>
string(11) "google-text"
}
This really is the best way to send arrays as GET variables.
If you absolutely must have the output as you've defined, this will do it:
function bqs($array, $qs = false) {
$parts = array();
if ($qs) {
$parts[] = $qs;
}
foreach ($array as $key => $value) {
if (is_array($value)) {
foreach ($value as $value2) {
$parts[] = http_build_query(array($key => $value2));
}
} else {
$parts[] = http_build_query(array($key => $value));
}
}
return join('&', $parts);
}
Although as you found in the comments if you are trying to pass this as $_GET you will have override problems, the solution to your problem to get desired results using recursive functions would be:
function bqs($array, $qs='',$index = false)
{
foreach($array as $par => $val)
{
if($index)
$par = $index;
if(is_array($val))
{
$qs = bqs($val, $qs,$par);
}
else
{
$qs .= $par.'='.$val.'&';
}
}
return $qs;
}
where i am concatinating the $qs string if it's an array and passing the index as a reference along with the value if it's an array()
fixed
After supplying the $index you do not need to concatenate again. See here: http://3v4l.org/QHF5G

How to search by key=>value in a multidimensional array in PHP

Is there any fast way to get all subarrays where a key value pair was found in a multidimensional array? I can't say how deep the array will be.
Simple example array:
$arr = array(0 => array(id=>1,name=>"cat 1"),
1 => array(id=>2,name=>"cat 2"),
2 => array(id=>3,name=>"cat 1")
);
When I search for key=name and value="cat 1" the function should return:
array(0 => array(id=>1,name=>"cat 1"),
1 => array(id=>3,name=>"cat 1")
);
I guess the function has to be recursive to get down to the deepest level.
Code:
function search($array, $key, $value)
{
$results = array();
if (is_array($array)) {
if (isset($array[$key]) && $array[$key] == $value) {
$results[] = $array;
}
foreach ($array as $subarray) {
$results = array_merge($results, search($subarray, $key, $value));
}
}
return $results;
}
$arr = array(0 => array(id=>1,name=>"cat 1"),
1 => array(id=>2,name=>"cat 2"),
2 => array(id=>3,name=>"cat 1"));
print_r(search($arr, 'name', 'cat 1'));
Output:
Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 1
[name] => cat 1
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 3
[name] => cat 1
)
)
If efficiency is important you could write it so all the recursive calls store their results in the same temporary $results array rather than merging arrays together, like so:
function search($array, $key, $value)
{
$results = array();
search_r($array, $key, $value, $results);
return $results;
}
function search_r($array, $key, $value, &$results)
{
if (!is_array($array)) {
return;
}
if (isset($array[$key]) && $array[$key] == $value) {
$results[] = $array;
}
foreach ($array as $subarray) {
search_r($subarray, $key, $value, $results);
}
}
The key there is that search_r takes its fourth parameter by reference rather than by value; the ampersand & is crucial.
FYI: If you have an older version of PHP then you have to specify the pass-by-reference part in the call to search_r rather than in its declaration. That is, the last line becomes search_r($subarray, $key, $value, &$results).
How about the SPL version instead? It'll save you some typing:
// I changed your input example to make it harder and
// to show it works at lower depths:
$arr = array(0 => array('id'=>1,'name'=>"cat 1"),
1 => array(array('id'=>3,'name'=>"cat 1")),
2 => array('id'=>2,'name'=>"cat 2")
);
//here's the code:
$arrIt = new RecursiveIteratorIterator(new RecursiveArrayIterator($arr));
foreach ($arrIt as $sub) {
$subArray = $arrIt->getSubIterator();
if ($subArray['name'] === 'cat 1') {
$outputArray[] = iterator_to_array($subArray);
}
}
What's great is that basically the same code will iterate through a directory for you, by using a RecursiveDirectoryIterator instead of a RecursiveArrayIterator. SPL is the roxor.
The only bummer about SPL is that it's badly documented on the web. But several PHP books go into some useful detail, particularly Pro PHP; and you can probably google for more info, too.
<?php
$arr = array(0 => array("id"=>1,"name"=>"cat 1"),
1 => array("id"=>2,"name"=>"cat 2"),
2 => array("id"=>3,"name"=>"cat 1")
);
$arr = array_filter($arr, function($ar) {
return ($ar['name'] == 'cat 1');
//return ($ar['name'] == 'cat 1' AND $ar['id'] == '3');// you can add multiple conditions
});
echo "<pre>";
print_r($arr);
?>
Ref: http://php.net/manual/en/function.array-filter.php
Came back to post this update for anyone needing an optimisation tip on these answers, particulary John Kugelman's great answer up above.
His posted function work fine but I had to optimize this scenario for handling a 12 000 row resultset. The function was taking an eternal 8 secs to go through all records, waaaaaay too long.
I simply needed the function to STOP searching and return when match was found. Ie, if searching for a customer_id, we know we only have one in the resultset and once we find the customer_id in
the multidimensional array, we want to return.
Here is the speed-optimised ( and much simplified ) version of this function, for anyone in need. Unlike other version, it can only handle only one depth of array, does not recurse and does away with merging multiple results.
// search array for specific key = value
public function searchSubArray(Array $array, $key, $value) {
foreach ($array as $subarray){
if (isset($subarray[$key]) && $subarray[$key] == $value)
return $subarray;
}
}
This brought down the the task to match the 12 000 records to a 1.5 secs. Still very costly but much more reasonable.
if (isset($array[$key]) && $array[$key] == $value)
A minor imporvement to the fast version.
Here is solution:
<?php
$students['e1003']['birthplace'] = ("Mandaluyong <br>");
$students['ter1003']['birthplace'] = ("San Juan <br>");
$students['fgg1003']['birthplace'] = ("Quezon City <br>");
$students['bdf1003']['birthplace'] = ("Manila <br>");
$key = array_search('Delata Jona', array_column($students, 'name'));
echo $key;
?>
Be careful of linear search algorithms (the above are linear) in multiple dimensional arrays as they have compounded complexity as its depth increases the number of iterations required to traverse the entire array. Eg:
array(
[0] => array ([0] => something, [1] => something_else))
...
[100] => array ([0] => something100, [1] => something_else100))
)
would take at the most 200 iterations to find what you are looking for (if the needle were at [100][1]), with a suitable algorithm.
Linear algorithms in this case perform at O(n) (order total number of elements in entire array), this is poor, a million entries (eg a 1000x100x10 array) would take on average 500,000 iterations to find the needle. Also what would happen if you decided to change the structure of your multidimensional array? And PHP would kick out a recursive algorithm if your depth was more than 100. Computer science can do better:
Where possible, always use objects instead of multiple dimensional arrays:
ArrayObject(
MyObject(something, something_else))
...
MyObject(something100, something_else100))
)
and apply a custom comparator interface and function to sort and find them:
interface Comparable {
public function compareTo(Comparable $o);
}
class MyObject implements Comparable {
public function compareTo(Comparable $o){
...
}
}
function myComp(Comparable $a, Comparable $b){
return $a->compareTo($b);
}
You can use uasort() to utilize a custom comparator, if you're feeling adventurous you should implement your own collections for your objects that can sort and manage them (I always extend ArrayObject to include a search function at the very least).
$arrayObj->uasort("myComp");
Once they are sorted (uasort is O(n log n), which is as good as it gets over arbitrary data), binary search can do the operation in O(log n) time, ie a million entries only takes ~20 iterations to search. As far as I am aware custom comparator binary search is not implemented in PHP (array_search() uses natural ordering which works on object references not their properties), you would have to implement this your self like I do.
This approach is more efficient (there is no longer a depth) and more importantly universal (assuming you enforce comparability using interfaces) since objects define how they are sorted, so you can recycle the code infinitely. Much better =)
$result = array_filter($arr, function ($var) {
$found = false;
array_walk_recursive($var, function ($item, $key) use (&$found) {
$found = $found || $key == "name" && $item == "cat 1";
});
return $found;
});
http://snipplr.com/view/51108/nested-array-search-by-value-or-key/
<?php
//PHP 5.3
function searchNestedArray(array $array, $search, $mode = 'value') {
foreach (new RecursiveIteratorIterator(new RecursiveArrayIterator($array)) as $key => $value) {
if ($search === ${${"mode"}})
return true;
}
return false;
}
$data = array(
array('abc', 'ddd'),
'ccc',
'bbb',
array('aaa', array('yyy', 'mp' => 555))
);
var_dump(searchNestedArray($data, 555));
function in_multi_array($needle, $key, $haystack)
{
$in_multi_array = false;
if (in_array($needle, $haystack))
{
$in_multi_array = true;
}else
{
foreach( $haystack as $key1 => $val )
{
if(is_array($val))
{
if($this->in_multi_array($needle, $key, $val))
{
$in_multi_array = true;
break;
}
}
}
}
return $in_multi_array;
}
I needed something similar, but to search for multidimensional array by value... I took John example and wrote
function _search_array_by_value($array, $value) {
$results = array();
if (is_array($array)) {
$found = array_search($value,$array);
if ($found) {
$results[] = $found;
}
foreach ($array as $subarray)
$results = array_merge($results, $this->_search_array_by_value($subarray, $value));
}
return $results;
}
I hope it helps somebody :)
This is a revised function from the one that John K. posted... I need to grab only the specific key in the array and nothing above it.
function search_array ( $array, $key, $value )
{
$results = array();
if ( is_array($array) )
{
if ( $array[$key] == $value )
{
$results[] = $array;
} else {
foreach ($array as $subarray)
$results = array_merge( $results, $this->search_array($subarray, $key, $value) );
}
}
return $results;
}
$arr = array(0 => array(id=>1,name=>"cat 1"),
1 => array(id=>2,name=>"cat 2"),
2 => array(id=>3,name=>"cat 1"));
print_r(search_array($arr, 'name', 'cat 1'));
function findKey($tab, $key){
foreach($tab as $k => $value){
if($k==$key) return $value;
if(is_array($value)){
$find = findKey($value, $key);
if($find) return $find;
}
}
return null;
}
I think the easiest way is using php array functions if you know your key.
function search_array ( $array, $key, $value )
{
return array_search($value,array_column($array,$key));
}
this return an index that you could find your desired data by this like below:
$arr = array(0 => array('id' => 1, 'name' => "cat 1"),
1 => array('id' => 2, 'name' => "cat 2"),
2 => array('id' => 3, 'name' => "cat 1")
);
echo json_encode($arr[search_array($arr,'name','cat 2')]);
this output will:
{"id":2,"name":"cat 2"}
And another version that returns the key value from the array element in which the value is found (no recursion, optimized for speed):
// if the array is
$arr['apples'] = array('id' => 1);
$arr['oranges'] = array('id' => 2);
//then
print_r(search_array($arr, 'id', 2);
// returns Array ( [oranges] => Array ( [id] => 2 ) )
// instead of Array ( [0] => Array ( [id] => 2 ) )
// search array for specific key = value
function search_array($array, $key, $value) {
$return = array();
foreach ($array as $k=>$subarray){
if (isset($subarray[$key]) && $subarray[$key] == $value) {
$return[$k] = $subarray;
return $return;
}
}
}
Thanks to all who posted here.
If you want to search for array of keys this is good
function searchKeysInMultiDimensionalArray($array, $keys)
{
$results = array();
if (is_array($array)) {
$resultArray = array_intersect_key($array, array_flip($keys));
if (!empty($resultArray)) {
$results[] = $resultArray;
}
foreach ($array as $subarray) {
$results = array_merge($results, searchKeysInMultiDimensionalArray($subarray, $keys));
}
}
return $results;
}
Keys will not overwrite because each set of key => values will be in separate array in resulting array.
If you don't want duplicate keys then use this one
function searchKeysInMultiDimensionalArray($array, $keys)
{
$results = array();
if (is_array($array)) {
$resultArray = array_intersect_key($array, array_flip($keys));
if (!empty($resultArray)) {
foreach($resultArray as $key => $single) {
$results[$key] = $single;
}
}
foreach ($array as $subarray) {
$results = array_merge($results, searchKeysInMultiDimensionalArray($subarray, $keys));
}
}
return $results;
}
2 functions: array_search_key_value which returns the array of keys to reach a key with a value in a multidimensional array, array_extract_keys which returns the value in a multidimensional array pointed to by an array of keys.
function array_search_key_value($array, $key, $value) {
if (!is_array($array)) {
return false;
}
return array_search_key_value_aux($array, $key, $value);
}
function array_search_key_value_aux($array, $key, $value, $path=null) {
if (array_key_exists($key, $array) && $array[$key] === $value) {
$path[]=$key;
return $path;
}
foreach ($array as $k => $v ) {
if (is_array($v)) {
$path[]=$k;
$p = array_search_key_value_aux($v, $key, $value, $path);
if ($p !== false) {
return $p;
}
}
}
return false;
}
function array_extract_keys($array, $key_list) {
$v = $array;
foreach ($key_list as $key) {
if (!is_array($v) || !array_key_exists($key, $v))
return false;
$v = &$v[$key];
}
return $v;
}
Here is a unitary test:
$test_array = array(
'a' => array(
'aa' => true,
'ab' => array(
'aaa' => array(
'one' => 1,
'two' => 2,
'three' => 3,
'four' => 4
),
'four' => 4,
'five' => 5,
),
'six' => 6,
),
'seven' => 7
);
$test_data = array(
array('one', 1),
array('two', 2),
array('three', 3),
array('four', 4),
array('five', 5),
array('six', 6),
array('seven', 7),
array('zero', 0),
array('one', 0),
);
foreach ($test_data as $d) {
$r = array_search_key_value($test_array, $d[0], $d[1]);
echo $d[0] . ' => ' . $d[1] . ' ? ', $r ? implode('/', $r) . ' => ' . array_extract_keys($test_array, $r) : 'null', PHP_EOL;
}

How to "flatten" a multi-dimensional array to simple one in PHP? [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
How to Flatten a Multidimensional Array?
(31 answers)
Closed 1 year ago.
It's probably beginner question but I'm going through documentation for longer time already and I can't find any solution. I thought I could use implode for each dimension and then put those strings back together with str_split to make new simple array. However I never know if the join pattern isn't also in values and so after doing str_split my original values could break.
Is there something like combine($array1, $array2) for arrays inside of multi-dimensional array?
$array = your array
$result = call_user_func_array('array_merge', $array);
echo "<pre>";
print_r($result);
REF: http://php.net/manual/en/function.call-user-func-array.php
Here is another solution (works with multi-dimensional array) :
function array_flatten($array) {
$return = array();
foreach ($array as $key => $value) {
if (is_array($value)){ $return = array_merge($return, array_flatten($value));}
else {$return[$key] = $value;}
}
return $return;
}
$array = Your array
$result = array_flatten($array);
echo "<pre>";
print_r($result);
This is a one line, SUPER easy to use:
$result = array();
array_walk_recursive($original_array,function($v) use (&$result){ $result[] = $v; });
It is very easy to understand, inside the anonymous function/closure. $v is the value of your $original_array.
Use array_walk_recursive
<?php
$aNonFlat = array(
1,
2,
array(
3,
4,
5,
array(
6,
7
),
8,
9,
),
10,
11
);
$objTmp = (object) array('aFlat' => array());
array_walk_recursive($aNonFlat, create_function('&$v, $k, &$t', '$t->aFlat[] = $v;'), $objTmp);
var_dump($objTmp->aFlat);
/*
array(11) {
[0]=>
int(1)
[1]=>
int(2)
[2]=>
int(3)
[3]=>
int(4)
[4]=>
int(5)
[5]=>
int(6)
[6]=>
int(7)
[7]=>
int(8)
[8]=>
int(9)
[9]=>
int(10)
[10]=>
int(11)
}
*/
?>
Tested with PHP 5.5.9-1ubuntu4.24 (cli) (built: Mar 16 2018 12:32:06)
If you specifically have an array of arrays that doesn't go further than one level deep (a use case I find common) you can get away with array_merge and the splat operator.
<?php
$notFlat = [[1,2],[3,4]];
$flat = array_merge(...$notFlat);
var_dump($flat);
Output:
array(4) {
[0]=>
int(1)
[1]=>
int(2)
[2]=>
int(3)
[3]=>
int(4)
}
The splat operator effectively changes the array of arrays to a list of arrays as arguments for array_merge.
// $array = your multidimensional array
$flat_array = array();
foreach(new RecursiveIteratorIterator(new RecursiveArrayIterator($array)) as $k=>$v){
$flat_array[$k] = $v;
}
Also documented:
http://www.phpro.org/examples/Flatten-Array.html
Sorry for necrobumping, but none of the provided answers did what I intuitively understood as "flattening a multidimensional array". Namely this case:
[
'a' => [
'b' => 'value',
]
]
all of the provided solutions would flatten it into just ['value'], but that loses information about the key and the depth, plus if you have another 'b' key somewhere else, it will overwrite them.
I wanted to get a result like this:
[
'a_b' => 'value',
]
array_walk_recursive doesn't pass the information about the key it's currently recursing, so I did it with just plain recursion:
function flatten($array, $prefix = '') {
$return = [];
foreach ($array as $key => $value) {
if (is_array($value)) {
$return = array_merge($return, flatten($value, $prefix . $key . '_'));
} else {
$return[$prefix . $key] = $value;
}
}
return $return;
}
Modify the $prefix and '_' separator to your liking.
Playground here: https://3v4l.org/0B8hf
With PHP 7, you can use generators and generator delegation (yield from) to flatten an array:
function array_flatten_iterator (array $array) {
foreach ($array as $value) {
if (is_array($value)) {
yield from array_flatten_iterator($value);
} else {
yield $value;
}
}
}
function array_flatten (array $array) {
return iterator_to_array(array_flatten_iterator($array), false);
}
Example:
$array = [
1,
2,
[
3,
4,
5,
[
6,
7
],
8,
9,
],
10,
11,
];
var_dump(array_flatten($array));
http://3v4l.org/RU30W
A non-recursive solution (but order-destroying):
function flatten($ar) {
$toflat = array($ar);
$res = array();
while (($r = array_shift($toflat)) !== NULL) {
foreach ($r as $v) {
if (is_array($v)) {
$toflat[] = $v;
} else {
$res[] = $v;
}
}
}
return $res;
}
function flatten_array($array, $preserve_keys = 0, &$out = array()) {
# Flatten a multidimensional array to one dimension, optionally preserving keys.
#
# $array - the array to flatten
# $preserve_keys - 0 (default) to not preserve keys, 1 to preserve string keys only, 2 to preserve all keys
# $out - internal use argument for recursion
foreach($array as $key => $child)
if(is_array($child))
$out = flatten_array($child, $preserve_keys, $out);
elseif($preserve_keys + is_string($key) > 1)
$out[$key] = $child;
else
$out[] = $child;
return $out;
}
Another method from PHP's user comments (simplified) and here:
function array_flatten_recursive($array) {
if (!$array) return false;
$flat = array();
$RII = new RecursiveIteratorIterator(new RecursiveArrayIterator($array));
foreach ($RII as $value) $flat[] = $value;
return $flat;
}
The big benefit of this method is that it tracks the depth of the recursion, should you need that while flattening.
This will output:
$array = array(
'A' => array('B' => array( 1, 2, 3)),
'C' => array(4, 5)
);
print_r(array_flatten_recursive($array));
#Returns:
Array (
[0] => 1
[1] => 2
[2] => 3
[3] => 4
[4] => 5
)
In PHP>=5.3 and based on Luc M's answer (the first one) you can make use of closures like this
array_walk_recursive($aNonFlat, function(&$v, $k, &$t){$t->aFlat[] = $v;}, $objTmp);
I love this because I don't have to surround the function's code with quotes like when using create_function()
Using higher-order functions (note: I'm using inline anonymous functions, which appeared in PHP 5.3):
function array_flatten($array) {
return array_reduce(
$array,
function($prev, $element) {
if (!is_array($element))
$prev[] = $element;
else
$prev = array_merge($prev, array_flatten($element));
return $prev;
},
array()
);
}
I found a simple way to convert multilevel array into one.
I use the function "http_build_query" which converts the array into a url string.
Then, split the string with explode and decode the value.
Here is a sample.
$converted = http_build_query($data);
$rows = explode('&', $converted);
$output = array();
foreach($rows AS $k => $v){
list($kk, $vv) = explode('=', $v);
$output[ urldecode($kk) ] = urldecode($vv);
}
return $output;
A new approach based on the previous example function submited by chaos, which fixes the bug of overwritting string keys in multiarrays:
# Flatten a multidimensional array to one dimension, optionally preserving keys.
# $array - the array to flatten
# $preserve_keys - 0 (default) to not preserve keys, 1 to preserve string keys only, 2 to preserve all keys
# $out - internal use argument for recursion
function flatten_array($array, $preserve_keys = 2, &$out = array(), &$last_subarray_found)
{
foreach($array as $key => $child)
{
if(is_array($child))
{
$last_subarray_found = $key;
$out = flatten_array($child, $preserve_keys, $out, $last_subarray_found);
}
elseif($preserve_keys + is_string($key) > 1)
{
if ($last_subarray_found)
{
$sfinal_key_value = $last_subarray_found . "_" . $key;
}
else
{
$sfinal_key_value = $key;
}
$out[$sfinal_key_value] = $child;
}
else
{
$out[] = $child;
}
}
return $out;
}
Example:
$newarraytest = array();
$last_subarray_found = "";
$this->flatten_array($array, 2, $newarraytest, $last_subarray_found);
/*consider $mArray as multidimensional array and $sArray as single dimensional array
this code will ignore the parent array
*/
function flatten_array2($mArray) {
$sArray = array();
foreach ($mArray as $row) {
if ( !(is_array($row)) ) {
if($sArray[] = $row){
}
} else {
$sArray = array_merge($sArray,flatten_array2($row));
}
}
return $sArray;
}
you can try this:
function flat_an_array($a)
{
foreach($a as $i)
{
if(is_array($i))
{
if($na) $na = array_merge($na,flat_an_array($i));
else $na = flat_an_array($i);
}
else $na[] = $i;
}
return $na;
}
If you're okay with loosing array keys, you may flatten a multi-dimensional array using a recursive closure as a callback that utilizes array_values(), making sure that this callback is a parameter for array_walk(), as follows.
<?php
$array = [1,2,3,[5,6,7]];
$nu_array = null;
$callback = function ( $item ) use(&$callback, &$nu_array) {
if (!is_array($item)) {
$nu_array[] = $item;
}
else
if ( is_array( $item ) ) {
foreach( array_values($item) as $v) {
if ( !(is_array($v))) {
$nu_array[] = $v;
}
else
{
$callback( $v );
continue;
}
}
}
};
array_walk($array, $callback);
print_r($nu_array);
The one drawback of the preceding example is that it involves writing far more code than the following solution which uses array_walk_recursive() along with a simplified callback:
<?php
$array = [1,2,3,[5,6,7]];
$nu_array = [];
array_walk_recursive($array, function ( $item ) use(&$nu_array )
{
$nu_array[] = $item;
}
);
print_r($nu_array);
See live code
This example seems preferable to the previous one, hiding the details about how values are extracted from a multidimensional array. Surely, iteration occurs, but whether it entails recursion or control structure(s), you'll only know from perusing array.c. Since functional programming focuses on input and output rather than the minutiae of obtaining a result, surely one can remain unconcerned about how behind-the-scenes iteration occurs, that is until a perspective employer poses such a question.
You can use the flatten function from Non-standard PHP library (NSPL). It works with arrays and any iterable data structures.
assert([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] === flatten([[1, [2, [3]]], [[[4, 5, 6]]], 7, 8, [9]]));
Simple approach..See it via recursion..
<?php
function flatten_array($simple){
static $outputs=array();
foreach ( $simple as $value)
{
if(is_array($value)){
flatten_array($value);
}
else{
$outputs[]=$value;
}
}
return $outputs;
}
$eg=['s'=>['p','n'=>['t']]];
$out=flatten_array($eg);
print_r($out);
?>
Someone might find this useful, I had a problem flattening array at some dimension, I would call it last dimension so for example, if I have array like:
array (
'germany' =>
array (
'cars' =>
array (
'bmw' =>
array (
0 => 'm4',
1 => 'x3',
2 => 'x8',
),
),
),
'france' =>
array (
'cars' =>
array (
'peugeot' =>
array (
0 => '206',
1 => '3008',
2 => '5008',
),
),
),
)
Or:
array (
'earth' =>
array (
'germany' =>
array (
'cars' =>
array (
'bmw' =>
array (
0 => 'm4',
1 => 'x3',
2 => 'x8',
),
),
),
),
'mars' =>
array (
'france' =>
array (
'cars' =>
array (
'peugeot' =>
array (
0 => '206',
1 => '3008',
2 => '5008',
),
),
),
),
)
For both of these arrays when I call method below I get result:
array (
0 =>
array (
0 => 'm4',
1 => 'x3',
2 => 'x8',
),
1 =>
array (
0 => '206',
1 => '3008',
2 => '5008',
),
)
So I am flattening to last array dimension which should stay the same, method below could be refactored to actually stop at any kind of level:
function flattenAggregatedArray($aggregatedArray) {
$final = $lvls = [];
$counter = 1;
$lvls[$counter] = $aggregatedArray;
$elem = current($aggregatedArray);
while ($elem){
while(is_array($elem)){
$counter++;
$lvls[$counter] = $elem;
$elem = current($elem);
}
$final[] = $lvls[$counter];
$elem = next($lvls[--$counter]);
while ( $elem == null){
if (isset($lvls[$counter-1])){
$elem = next($lvls[--$counter]);
}
else{
return $final;
}
}
}
}
If you're interested in just the values for one particular key, you might find this approach useful:
function valuelist($array, $array_column) {
$return = array();
foreach($array AS $row){
$return[]=$row[$array_column];
};
return $return;
};
Example:
Given $get_role_action=
array(3) {
[0]=>
array(2) {
["ACTION_CD"]=>
string(12) "ADD_DOCUMENT"
["ACTION_REASON"]=>
NULL
}
[1]=>
array(2) {
["ACTION_CD"]=>
string(13) "LINK_DOCUMENT"
["ACTION_REASON"]=>
NULL
}
[2]=>
array(2) {
["ACTION_CD"]=>
string(15) "UNLINK_DOCUMENT"
["ACTION_REASON"]=>
NULL
}
}
than $variables['role_action_list']=valuelist($get_role_action, 'ACTION_CD'); would result in:
$variables["role_action_list"]=>
array(3) {
[0]=>
string(12) "ADD_DOCUMENT"
[1]=>
string(13) "LINK_DOCUMENT"
[2]=>
string(15) "UNLINK_DOCUMENT"
}
From there you can perform value look-ups like so:
if( in_array('ADD_DOCUMENT', $variables['role_action_list']) ){
//do something
};
any of this didnt work for me ...
so had to run it myself.
works just fine:
function arrayFlat($arr){
$out = '';
foreach($arr as $key => $value){
if(!is_array($value)){
$out .= $value.',';
}else{
$out .= $key.',';
$out .= arrayFlat($value);
}
}
return trim($out,',');
}
$result = explode(',',arrayFlat($yourArray));
echo '<pre>';
print_r($result);
echo '</pre>';
Given multi-dimensional array and converting it into one-dimensional, can be done by unsetting all values which are having arrays and saving them into first dimension, for example:
function _flatten_array($arr) {
while ($arr) {
list($key, $value) = each($arr);
is_array($value) ? $arr = $value : $out[$key] = $value;
unset($arr[$key]);
}
return (array)$out;
}

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