access properties/method via the __get() magic method - php

how can i access the second property or method in this statement
$this->test->hello();
In my __get() I can only figure out how to figure out what the test property is. I want to be also be able to capture the 'hello' method call. and do some dynamic things with it.
So in short if I type
$this->test->hello()
I want to echo each segment
echo $propert // test
echo $method //hello
The issue is that my test is being used to instantiate a new class object from an outside class. The method hello belongs to the test class object.
I want to capture the method within my __get().
How can i do this?
EDIT:
public function __get($name)
{
if ($name == 'system' || $name == 'sys') {
$_class = 'System_Helper';
} else {
foreach (get_object_vars($this) as $_property => $_value) {
if ($name == $_property)
$_class = $name;
}
}
$classname = '\\System\\' . ucfirst($_class);
$this->$_class = new $classname();
//$rClass = new \ReflectionClass($this->$_class);
$rClass = get_class_methods($this->$_class);
foreach($rClass as $k => $v)
echo $v."\n";
//print_r($rClass);
return $this->$_class;

It seems you are after some kind of proxy class, this might suit your needs.
class ObjectProxy {
public $object;
public function __construct($object) {
$this->object = $object;
}
public function __get($name) {
if (!property_exists($this->object, $name)) {
return "Error: property ($name) does not exist";
}
return $this->object->$name;
}
public function __call($name, $args) {
if (!method_exists($this->object, $name)) {
return "Error: method ($name) does not exist";
}
return call_user_func_array(array($this->object, $name), $args);
}
}
class A {
public $prop = 'Some prop';
public function hello() {
return 'Hello, world!';
}
}
class B {
public function __get($name) {
if (!isset($this->$name)) {
$class_name = ucfirst($name);
$this->$name = new ObjectProxy(new $class_name);
}
return $this->$name;
}
}
$b = new B();
var_dump($b->a->hello());
var_dump($b->a->prop);
var_dump($b->a->foo);
var_dump($b->a->bar());
Output:
string 'Hello, world!' (length=13)
string 'Some prop' (length=9)
string 'Error: property (foo) does not exist' (length=36)
string 'Error: method (bar) does not exist' (length=34)
Example:
http://ideone.com/dMna6
It could be easily extend for other magic methods like __set, __callStatic, __isset, __invoke, etc.

I think you want to use __call instead of __get. Also, don't.

The object you instantiated for $this will use the __get magic method to create the object (as a property) test. The object stored at $this->test needs to implement the __call magic method to use hello() if it's not defined

Related

Using generic getters and setters with php

There's thousands of examples of php __get and __set out there, unfortunately nobody actually tells you how to use them.
So my question is: how do I actually call the __get and __set method from within the class and when using an object.
Example code:
class User{
public $id, $usename, $password;
public function __construct($id, $username) {
//SET AND GET USERNAME
}
public function __get($property) {
if (property_exists($this, $property)) {
return $this->$property;
}
}
public function __set($property, $value) {
if (property_exists($this, $property)) {
$this->$property = $value;
}
return $this;
}
}
$user = new User(1, 'Bastest');
// echo GET THE VALUE;
How would I set the values in the constructor and how would i get the value in the // echo GET THE VALUE;
This feature is called overloading in PHP. As the documentation states the __get or __set methods will be called if you are trying to access non existent or non accessible properties. The problem in your code is, that the properties your are accessing are existent and accessible. That's why __get/__set will not being called.
Check this example:
class Test {
protected $foo;
public $data;
public function __get($property) {
var_dump(__METHOD__);
if (property_exists($this, $property)) {
return $this->$property;
}
}
public function __set($property, $value) {
var_dump(__METHOD__);
if (property_exists($this, $property)) {
$this->$property = $value;
}
}
}
Test code:
$a = new Test();
// property 'name' does not exists
$a->name = 'test'; // will trigger __set
$n = $a->name; // will trigger __get
// property 'foo' is protected - meaning not accessible
$a->foo = 'bar'; // will trigger __set
$a = $a->foo; // will trigger __get
// property 'data' is public
$a->data = '123'; // will not trigger __set
$d = $a->data; // will not trigger __get

Getting a class name from a property reference

I was wondering if you could get the class name and property name from a property reference in PHP?
class Test {
public static $TestProp;
}
GetDoc(& Test::$TestProp);
function GetDoc($prop) {
$className = getClassName($prop);
$propertyName = getPropertyName($prop);
}
what I'm looking for is if it is possible to create the functions getClassName and getPropertyName?
What you want is basically not possible; a property doesn't know its parent structure.
The only sane thing I could think of is to use reflection for it:
class Test
{
public static $TestProp = '123';
}
//GetDoc(& Test::$TestProp);
GetDoc('Test', 'TestProp');
function GetDoc($className, $propName)
{
$rc = new ReflectionClass($className);
$propValue = $rc->getStaticPropertyValue($propName);
}
Within the Test class you could use __CLASS__ as a convenient reference for the class name.
I have figured out the way to get this to work there is a lot of magic that goes on just to get this to work, but in my case it's worth it.
class Test {
private $props = array();
function __get($name) {
return new Property(get_called_class(), $name, $this->props[$name]);
}
function __set($name, $value) {
$props[$name] = $value;
}
}
class Property {
public $name;
public $class;
public $value;
function __construct($class, $name, $value) {
$this->name = $name;
$this->class = $class;
$this->value = $value;
}
function __toString() {
return $value.'';
}
}
function GetClassByProperty($prop) {
return $prop->class.'->'.$prop->name;
}
$t = new Test();
$t->Name = "Test";
echo GetClassByProperty($t->Name);
this example yes I know it's complex, but it does the job how I'd want it to, will print out "Test->Name" I can also get the value by saying $prop->value. If I want to compare the value to another object I can simply do this:
if($t->Name == "Test") { echo "It worked!!"; }
hope this isn't too confusing but it was a fun exploration into PHP.
Php have a build in function called get_class

How to add methods dynamically

I'm trying to add methods dynamically from external files.
Right now I have __call method in my class so when i call the method I want, __call includes it for me; the problem is I want to call loaded function by using my class, and I don't want loaded function outside of the class;
Class myClass
{
function__call($name, $args)
{
require_once($name.".php");
}
}
echoA.php:
function echoA()
{
echo("A");
}
then i want to use it like:
$myClass = new myClass();
$myClass->echoA();
Any advice will be appreciated.
Is this what you need?
$methodOne = function ()
{
echo "I am doing one.".PHP_EOL;
};
$methodTwo = function ()
{
echo "I am doing two.".PHP_EOL;
};
class Composite
{
function addMethod($name, $method)
{
$this->{$name} = $method;
}
public function __call($name, $arguments)
{
return call_user_func($this->{$name}, $arguments);
}
}
$one = new Composite();
$one -> addMethod("method1", $methodOne);
$one -> method1();
$one -> addMethod("method2", $methodTwo);
$one -> method2();
You cannot dynamically add methods to a class at runtime, period.*
PHP simply isn't a very duck-punchable language.
* Without ugly hacks.
You can dynamically add attributes and methods providing it is done through the constructor in the same way you can pass a function as argument of another function.
class Example {
function __construct($f)
{
$this->action=$f;
}
}
function fun() {
echo "hello\n";
}
$ex1 = new class('fun');
You can not call directlry $ex1->action(), it must be assigned to a variable and then you can call this variable like a function.
if i read the manual right,
the __call get called insted of the function, if the function dosn't exist
so you probely need to call it after you created it
Class myClass
{
function __call($name, $args)
{
require_once($name.".php");
$this->$name($args);
}
}
You can create an attribute in your class : methods=[]
and use create_function for create lambda function.
Stock it in the methods attribute, at index of the name of method you want.
use :
function __call($method, $arguments)
{
if(method_exists($this, $method))
$this->$method($arguments);
else
$this->methods[$method]($arguments);
}
to find and call good method.
What you are referring to is called Overloading. Read all about it in the PHP Manual
/**
* #method Talk hello(string $name)
* #method Talk goodbye(string $name)
*/
class Talk {
private $methods = [];
public function __construct(array $methods) {
$this->methods = $methods;
}
public function __call(string $method, array $arguments): Talk {
if ($func = $this->methods[$method] ?? false) {
$func(...$arguments);
return $this;
}
throw new \RuntimeException(sprintf('Missing %s method.'));
}
}
$howdy = new Talk([
'hello' => function(string $name) {
echo sprintf('Hello %s!%s', $name, PHP_EOL);
},
'goodbye' => function(string $name) {
echo sprintf('Goodbye %s!%s', $name, PHP_EOL);
},
]);
$howdy
->hello('Jim')
->goodbye('Joe');
https://3v4l.org/iIhph
You can do both adding methods and properties dynamically.
Properties:
class XXX
{
public function __construct($array1)
{
foreach ($array1 as $item) {
$this->$item = "PropValue for property : " . $item;
}
}
}
$a1 = array("prop1", "prop2", "prop3", "prop4");
$class1 = new XXX($a1);
echo $class1->prop1 . PHP_EOL;
echo $class1->prop2 . PHP_EOL;
echo $class1->prop3 . PHP_EOL;
echo $class1->prop4 . PHP_EOL;
Methods:
//using anounymous function
$method1 = function () {
echo "this can be in an include file and read inline." . PHP_EOL;
};
class class1
{
//build the new method from the constructor, not required to do it here by it is simpler.
public function __construct($functionName, $body)
{
$this->{$functionName} = $body;
}
public function __call($functionName, $arguments)
{
return call_user_func($this->{$functionName}, $arguments);
}
}
//pass the new method name and the refernce to the anounymous function
$myObjectWithNewMethod = new class1("method1", $method1);
$myObjectWithNewMethod->method1();
I've worked up the following code example and a helper method which works with __call which may prove useful. https://github.com/permanenttourist/helpers/tree/master/PHP/php_append_methods

Questions abt PHP Magic Methods & Delegating

i was wanting to wrap an object in another - favoring composition over inheritance. but i am not sure i am doing it right tho there are no errors.
i created a class Wrapped thats is wrapped by Wrapper. i made it such that when a method/property is called on $wrapper, if it exists in the class, Wrapper, it will be returned else, it will delegate to the $wrapped object. i wonder apart from the fact i didnt check if the method/property exists, what have i done wrong? can some1 explain __callStatic() too?
class Wrapped {
protected $wrappedProp1 = 'Wrapped: Property 1';
protected $wrappedProp2 = 'Wrapped: Property 2';
function method1($arg1, $arg2) {
echo "Called Wrapped::method1() with the following parameters: $arg1, $arg2";
}
static function sMethod2() {
echo 'Called a static method in wrapped';
}
function __get($name) {
return $this->$name;
}
function __set($name, $val) {
$this->$name = $val;
}
}
class Wrapper {
protected $wrapperProp1 = 'Wrapper: Property 1';
protected $wrapped;
function __construct($wrapped) {
$this->wrapped = $wrapped;
}
function wrapperMethod() {
echo 'In wrapper method';
}
function __get($name) {
if (property_exists($this, $name)) {
return $this->$name;
}
return $this->wrapped->$name;
}
function __set($name, $val) {
if (property_exists($this, $name)) {
$this->$name = $val;
}
$this->wrapped->$name = $val;
}
function __call($name, $args = array()) {
call_user_func_array(array($this->wrapped, $name), $args);
}
static function __callStatic($name, $args = array()) {
call_user_func_array(array('Wrapped', $name), $args);
}
}
$wrapper = new Wrapper(new Wrapped);
// testing normal methods
$wrapper->wrapperMethod();
echo $wrapper->wrapperProp1;
$wrapper->wrapperProp1 = 'New Wrapper Prop 1';
echo $wrapper->wrapperProp1;
// testing delegates
$wrapper->method1('hello', 'world'); //delegated to Wrapped::method1()
$wrapper->sMethod2(); // delegated to static Wrapped::sMethod2() ... what is callStatic for then
echo $wrapper->wrappedProp2;
Wrapper::sMethod2();
As it seems - it's all ok.
About __callStatic() - it allows you to workaround undefined static functions in class.
Example:
<?php
class Foo {
static function __callStatic($name, $args = array()) {
echo "Called static function $name with arguments ". print_r($args, true);
}
}
Foo::Bar('test');
// will output "Called static function Bar with arguments Array ( 0 => test );"

PHP OOP, perform a function once a certain variable has been set

How can i perform a function once a variable's value has been set?
say like
$obj = new object(); // dont perform $obj->my_function() just yet
$obj->my_var = 67 // $obj->my_function() now gets run
I want the object to do this function and now having to be called by the script.
Thanks
EDIT
my_var is predefined in the class, __set is not working for me.
Use a private property so __set() is invoked:
class Myclass {
private $my_var;
private $my_var_set = false;
public function __set($var, $value) {
if ($var == 'my_var' && !$this->my_var_set) {
// call some function
$this->my_var_set = true;
}
$this->$var = $value;
}
public function __get($var, $value) {
return $this->$name;
}
}
See Overloading. __set() is called because $my_var is inaccessible and there is your hook.
I'd recommend to create a setter function for $obj and include the relevant function call there. So basically your code would look somehow like this:
$obj = new ClassOfYours();
$obj->setThatValue("apple");
Of course you would have to take care that all assignments to ThatValue need to be
done through that setter in order make it work properly. Assuming that you're on php5 I'd set that property to private, so all direct assignments will cause an runtime error.
A good overview about OOP in php can be found in this article on devarticles.com.
HTH
To acheive exactly what you describe, you'd have to use a magic setter.
class ObjectWithSetter {
var $data = array();
public function my_function() {
echo "FOO";
}
public function __set($name, $value) {
$this->data[$name] = $value;
if($name == 'my_var') {
$this->my_function();
}
}
public function __get($name) {
if (array_key_exists($name, $this->data)) {
return $this->data[$name];
}
$trace = debug_backtrace();
trigger_error(
'Undefined property via __get(): ' . $name .
' in ' . $trace[0]['file'] .
' on line ' . $trace[0]['line'],
E_USER_NOTICE);
return null;
}
/** As of PHP 5.1.0 */
public function __isset($name) {
return isset($this->data[$name]);
}
public function __unset($name) {
unset($this->data[$name]);
}
}
Assuming you want to call my_function() once you set a value, that case you can encapsulate both the operations into one. Something like you create a new function set_my_var(value)
function set_my_var(varvalue)
{
$this->my_var = varvalue;
$this->my_function();
}

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