Proper Case'ing without breaking things like IBM, NASA etc - php

Question

Does anyone has a PHP solution to this?
The goal is to have a function that take these
HELLO WORLD
hello world
Hello IBM
and return these
Hello World
Hello World
Hello IBM
respectively.

Answer 1

Mr MacDonald from Scotland prefers his name capitalized that way, while Mr Macdonald from Ireland prefers it thus. It is kinda hard to know which is 'correct' without knowing in advance which gentleman you are referring to, which takes more context than just the words in the file.
Also, the BBC (or is that the Bbc?) has taken to spelling some names like Nasa and Nato. It jars on me; I dislike it intensely. But that's what they do these days. When does an acrynom (or 'initialism' as some prefer to call it) become a word in its own right?

Answer 2

Tho this is a bit of a hack, you could store a list of acronyms that you want to keep uppercase and then compare the words within the string against the list of $exceptions.
While Jonathan is correct, if its names your working with and not acronyms then this solution is useless. but obviously if Mr MacDonald from Scotland is in the correct case then it wont change.
See it in action
<?php
$exceptions = array("to", "a", "the", "of", "by", "and","on","those","with",
"NASA","FBI","BBC","IBM","TV");
$string = "While McBeth and Mr MacDonald from Scotland
was using her IBM computer to watch a ripped tv show from the BBC,
she was being watched by the FBI, Those little rascals were
using a NASA satellite to spy on her.";
echo titleCase($string, $exceptions);
/*
While McBeth and Mr MacDonald from Scotland
was using her IBM computer to watch a ripped TV show from the BBC,
she was being watched by the FBI, Those little rascals were
using a NASA satellite to spy on her.
*/
/*Your case example
Hello World Hello World Hello IBM, BBC and NASA.
*/
echo titleCase('HELLO WORLD hello world Hello IBM, BBC and NASA.', $exceptions,true);
function titleCase($string, $exceptions = array(), $ucfirst=false) {
$words = explode(' ', $string);
$newwords = array();
$i=0;
foreach ($words as $word){
// trim white space or newlines from string
$word=trim($word);
// trim ending coomer if any
if (in_array(strtoupper(trim($word,',.')), $exceptions)){
// check exceptions list for any words that should be in upper case
$word = strtoupper($word);
} else{
// convert to uppercase if $ucfirst = true
if($ucfirst==true){
// check exceptions list for should not be upper case
if(!in_array(trim($word,','), $exceptions)){
$word = strtolower($word);
$word = ucfirst($word);
}
}
}
// upper case the first word in the string
if($i==0){$word = ucfirst($word);}
array_push($newwords, $word);
$i++;
}
$string = join(' ', $newwords);
return $string;
}
?>