Array keys by another arrays values - php

I have an array $params with the following content:
Array(
0 => "array"
1 => "arrayName" //variable
2 => "key1" //optional&variable ie. 0 or 'foo'
3 => "key2" //optional&variable ie. 0 or 'foo'
//etc.
)
Also, I have an stdObject that contains all my variables for the page that is being requested (MVC style).
So, I could have an array in there like this:
$std = new stdObject();
$std->arrayName->array('foo', 'bar');
Now I want the first value of the $std array. So I am using the "key1" parameter in $params and set this to '0' so it will pick the $std->arrayName[0] value ('foo'). Note that I am not using the "key2" parameter since I don't want to select $std->arrayName[key1][key2].
But what if I need the value of a nested array?
$std = new stdObject();
$std->arrayName->array('foo', array('bar', 'fish'));
I will request the $std->arrayName[1][1] value ('fish') by setting the "key1" parameter to 1 and the "key2" parameter to 1 as well. So it will select $std->arrayName[key1][key2].
But what if I have 10 arrays nested in each other? highly unlikely, but it's possible. I want to select $std->arrayName[key1][key2][key3][..][key10] to select a certain value that's located there.
For example: $std->arrayName[0][3][4][6][2][9]['foo']['bar][9][2];
So my question is: how do I select the value of a certain array (arrayName) by the values defined in another array ($params) that act as the keys for the first array (arrayName). But, the amount of keys (values in $params) is optional.
Maybe the question isn't completely understandable, so feel free to ask more information.

You need to loop the key array and assign each level to a variable, until you reach the end when you should have the value you want.
Something like this (untested, no error checking):
function array_value_at ($array, $keys) {
foreach ($keys as $key) {
$array = $array[$key];
}
return $array;
}

Related

Restructure 2d array so that column values become row values (transpose but preserve first level keys)

The situation is as follows. I have a parent array which looks like the following:
$parent = [
1 => ['test1', 'test2'],
2 => ['test1_1', 'test2_2'],
];
I would like to group the data by column.
Desired result:
[
1 => ['test1', 'test1_1'],
2 => ['test2', 'test2_2'],
]
1 parent array called parent contains 2 arrays inside. I want to combine these two so that they have the same values as stated above. So this would mean that the arrays should be combined based on index number.
Since I do not make use of string keys, how would I accomplish this? I believe that there is no build in function available for this situation.
I would imagine that I could start beginning to create a new array and use a for loop through the parent array.
I tried the array-combine function however, this is NOT displaying the results I want.
[
1 => ['test1' => 'test1_1', 'test2' => 'test2_2'
]
If you need to preserve those first level keys, you can re-apply them after tranposing.
Code: (Demo)
var_export(
array_combine(array_keys($parent), array_map(null, ...$parent))
);
Otherwise, you can just transpose and accept the re-indexed first level keys. Honestly, I can't see any good reason to preserve the first level keys because by transposing, you remove the initial association between first level keys and the row values.
Code: (Demo)
var_export(
array_map(null, ...$parent)
);
If these techniques do not suit your actual project data, then we will need a more realistic sample array to be provided in your question body.
Loop over the keys of the top-level array. Then use the current index of the iteration to get the corresponding columns of the nested arrays.
$result = [];
foreach (array_keys($parent) as $i => $k) {
$result[$k] = array_column($parent, $i);
}
DEMO
This assumes the number of rows is the same as the number of columns. It's not clear what you expect the result to be if that's not true.

PHP paradoxical (weird) behavior. Sending array to function by reference

Could someone explain me, why this code works properly without crashing initial array structure?
function setArrayValueByPath($path, $value, &$array)
{
foreach ($path as $p) {
$array = &$array[$p];
}
$array = $value;
return true;
}
$array = [
'a' => 'v1',
'b' => 'v2',
];
setArrayValueByPath(['hello', 'world'], '!!!', $array);
echo '<pre>';
print_r($array);
echo '</pre>';
When I run the code, I see:
Array
(
[a] => v1
[b] => v2
[hello] => Array
(
[world] => !!!
)
)
Due to the line in function:
$array = $value;
it should replace $array value, but it does not happen.
My function is based on code snippets are given here: Using a string path to set nested array data
Thank you.
Let's examine this one step at a time.
The parameter $array is a local variable within the function which contains a reference to some external array being passed in.
foreach ($path as $p) {
This iterates over ['hello', 'world']
$array = &$array[$p];
Take the original array, and "index" it with $p (i.e. [hello]). This does not currently exist so it is added to the original array. Then take a reference to that new member and save it in the local variable $array. I.e. you just created a new member of the original array, and the local variable $array no longer points to the original external array.
On the second iteration, take the variable currently pointed to by $array (see just above) and index it with $p (world). This does not exist, so create it.
}
At this point $array points to the member {original array}[hello][world]. I use the syntax {original array} here because you no longer have a reference to it, only a reference to an array two levels nested within it.
$array = $value;
This sets the value of that member to !!!, giving exactly the data structure you see.

How to change data of reference passed Array in Closure

I have an Eventbus that takes a filter name as its first parameter and a Closure as second parameter. Like this:
$this->EventBus->subscribe('FilterTestEvent', function(){/*Do Something*/});
It's called like this:
$filteredValue = $this->EventBus->filter('FilterTestEvent', $anyValue);
What I want now is to pass an array as reference to the Closure that then is changed in any way (here: add elements) and then return something as the filtered value:
$item_to_change = array('e1' => 'v1', 'e2' => 'v2');
$this->EventBus->subscribe('FilterTestEvent', function(&$item){
$item['new'] = 'LoremIpsum';
return true;
});
$filtered = $this->EventBus->filter('FilterTestEvent', $item_to_change);
Now I would a print_r($item_to_change) expect to look like the following:
Array
(
[e1] => v1
[e2] => v2
[new] => LoremIpsum
)
But instead it looks like the original array:
Array
(
[e1] => v1
[e2] => v2
)
The eventbus internally stores all closures and calls them if needed through call_user_func_array() with the closure as first argument and the value as the only argument array element.
How can I achieve what it's meant to do?
Source Code to the Eventbus: http://goo.gl/LAAO7B
Probably this line:
$filtered = $this->EventBus->filter('FilterTestEvent', $item_to_change);
is supposed to return a new filtered array, not modify the original one.
So check it:
print_r($filtered);
Passing by reference is possible by modifying a function (adding &):
function filter(&$array){ //Note & mark
$array['new_index'] = "Something new" ;
}
$array = array("a"=> "a");
filter($array); //The function now receives the array by reference, not by value.
var_dump($array); //The array should be modified.
Edit:
Make your callback return the filtered array:
$this->EventBus->subscribe('FilterTestEvent', function(&$item){
$item['new'] = 'LoremIpsum';
return $item ;
});
Passing by reference should not work here, because in the source code that $value variable is swapped with another value and returned after.
Ok. I found the answer. The filter function needs to be changed so that it accepts arrays as value, in which I can save the reference. For details see difference Revision 1 and Revision 2 of the Eventbus source code, here: goo.gl/GBocgl

How do I check, if an array is defined as key value pairs?

I have a function, that takes an array as an argument.
function addSearch($arr) { }
How can I check in that function whether the array was defined just with values
array('option1', 'option2', ...);
or as key-value pairs:
array('option1' => 'First Option', 'option2' => 'Second Option', ...)
What I like to achive, is that you could either pass the search fileds along with labels, or just the search fields, in which case the field name will also become the label.
So I need to change an array, that has just values to $array['option1'] = 'option1';
Any ideas how to achive this?
You cannot know how an array was defined. Both kinds of arrays are the same thing, they both have keys and values. The difference is that the "keyless array" uses auto-generated numeric keys, while in the other example keys are explicitly given as strings. These two arrays are identical:
array('option1', 'option2')
array(0 => 'option1', 1 => 'option2')
You can even mix both:
array('foo', 'bar' => 'baz', 42 => 'qux')
Therefore, what you're really interested in is whether the key is a string:
foreach ($options as $key => $value) {
if (is_string($key)) {
// string => value pair
} else {
// numerically indexed pair
// note: could still have been explicitly defined, who knows?
}
}
this will check if your array is associative
function is_associative($array) {
return array_values($array) !== $array;
}
Another solution
<?php
function isAssociative($arr)
{
return array_keys($arr) !== range(0, count($arr) - 1);
}
?>
I have to go with #phranx on this one.
Let's say you have this
array('1'=>'Under', '2'=>'Over')
The keys in this array will be evaluated as integers.
The best way is to determine if the keys are key:values pairs is to check if the values of the array are equal to the array itself.

Fast method for Looping through Array to match a common ID in a second array

I'm trying to systematically loop through 2 arrays, and match their values for some quick processing. Let me set up my specific situation:
Array 1
productID,
companyID,
name,
price
Array 2
companyID,
name,
rebate1,
rebate2
I want to loop through Array 1, and when the companyID matches an ID inside of Array 2, I will do some quick math based on the rebate1, rebate2 values for that companyID.
Right now I am looping through Array 1, and then on EACH item in Array 1 I loop through the entire Array 2 to see if the companyID exists. I know this can't be the fastest/cleanest solution...
EDIT
The key values for Array 1 look like:
$array1[0]['productID']
$array1[0]['companyID'] (etc...)
$array1[1]['productID']
$array1[1]['companyID'] (etc...)
The key values for Array 2 look like:
$array2[0]['companyID']
$array2[0]['rebate1'] (etc...)
$array2[1]['companyID']
$array2[1]['rebate1'] (etc...)
Use the companyId as key for Array 2, i.e., make sure that
$Array2[$Array1[$i]['companyID']]['companyID'] == $Array1[$i]['companyID']
This gives you constant time lookup of companies in Array 2 based on companyID and you can do your calculation with
$Array2[$Array1[$i]['companyID']]['rebate1']`
and
$Array2[$Array1[$i]['companyID']]['rebate2']`
Example:
foreach ($Array1 as $value) {
if (isset($Array2[$value['companyID']])) {
//TODO: use $Array2[$value['companyID']] for calculation
} else {
// TODO: handle case companyID not in $Array2
}
}
What approximate sizes do you expect for each of your arrays?
While as you say, your method isn't certainly the fastest (looks like 0(n²)), below 10'000 elements in each array I doubt you can see any significant speed difference.
If you have 150'000 in array1 and 200'000 in array2, that's a whole other story and you'll have to look for an algorithm that is rather 0(log n).
Edit:
As mentioned above, let's just make your array associative if you can:
Instead of:
Array2 = array(
0 => array(
'Company_id' => 'Hello',
'rebate_1' => '50%',
)
);
Make it:
Array2 = array(
'Hello' => array(
'rebate_1' => '50%',
)
);
And then use:
if (isset(array2[$company_id]))
{
// do your stuff
}
If you can't modify Array2's structure where it's coming from, you should transform it on the fly in your search function's scope, so that it looks like above, and then use the transformed array. Transforming Array2 into an associative one shouldn't take too long, for the number of elements you say you have.
The easiest way I can think of is to use the companyID as the key for Array 2:
$companies[$companyID]=array($name,$rebate1,$rebate2)
and then you just reference it directly looping Array 1
$products[$x]=array($productID,$companyID,$name,$price);
...
$newprice1=$products[$x][3]/$companies[$products[$x][1]][1];
$newprice2=$products[$x][3]/$companies[$products[$x][1]][2];
My answer is slightly different from the first one, mind the arrays...
You can create a new array indexed by the company id as follows:
$cid = array_map(function($a) {return $a['companyID'];}, $array2);
$new2 = array_combine($cid, $array2);
With that, you can loop through the first array and access the data:
foreach ($array1 as $key => $value){
$rebate1 = $new2[$value['companyID']]['rebate1'];
$rebate2 = $new2[$value['companyID']]['rebate2'];
}

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