SELECT Statement with array in WHERE clause - php

I am trying to track pageviews on my site whether a user is logged in or not and so I'm capturing the sessionId in my log. I only want to show tracking results for session ids that have at some point logged in and so my flow is as follows:
$pagestats = $wpdb->get_results("SELECT * FROM wp_user_stats WHERE uid=".$_GET['viewstats']);
$sessionArray = array();
foreach($pagestats as $checkSession)
{
if( !(in_array($checkSession->sessionId, $sessionArray)))
{
$sessionArray[] = $checkSession->sessionId;
}
}
Next, I am trying to gather all of the stats concerning any session Ids generated by this particular user ...
$sessions = join(',',$sessionArray);
$pagestats = $wpdb->get_results("SELECT * FROM wp_user_stats WHERE `sessionId` IN($sessions)") or die(mysql_error());
This is the part that throws the error. The error is:
Unknown column 'sjhntmqhltknks8pbhr750voe7' in 'where clause'
I don't understand why it's trying to find a column that matches the session Id instead of a result within that column.

The session IDs probably aren't getting quoted so the query looks like WHERE sessionID IN(abc, def, ...).
One way to fix that would be to change a line in the first loop:
$sessionArray[] = "'".$checkSession->sessionId."'";
Or you could create a second array with the quoted values.

The problem is that the session id is not numeric and needs to be wrapped in quotes. Something like the following would add proper quote to your $sessions string:
$sessions = "'" . implode("', '", $sessionArray) . "'";
You should also make sure you are escaping any user supplied input (e.g. $_GET['viewstats']) before using them to help avoid SQL injection attacks. It wouldn't hurt to escape $checkSession->sessionId as you are adding it to the $sessionArray array either.
If you are using a framework (it looks like you may be using WordPress) read the manual for the database component as it may provide functions to handle some of this for you.

I think you need to put quote around your session values
$sessions = "'".join("','",$sessionArray)."'";
Right now it's like WHERE IN (a,b,c) instead of WHERE IN ('a','b','c').

$pagestats = $wpdb->get_results("SELECT * FROM wp_user_stats WHERE `sessionId`=$sessions") or die(mysql_error());

This isn't an answer to the specific issue, but isn't the second SELECT statement unnecessary? If it is all stored in one table (unless there is a typo...) then SELECT * FROM wp_user_stats WHERE uid=$_GET['view_stats'] would retrieve all sessions for that user. Perhaps you need it done for multiple users? Even at that, you could simply do a GROUP BY clause.
Maybe I'm missing something though -- if so, sorry.

Related

PHP - Update a field if its in an array

I'm working on a mailbox system for a game on Facebook. I have 2 inputs to a php script, with example input below:
$FriendIDs = "10000001,10002421,10132000,10074794,13523543"
$MailCode = "ReqGem"
and a table with the columns ID, Mailbox.
What I want to be able to do is concatenate whatever was originally in the Mailbox field, with MailCode, for each person in the FriendIDs.
I figured it was something like this, but I couldn't get it to work (my php/sql knowledge is pretty dire!):
mysqli_query($db, "UPDATE Save SET Mailbox = CONCAT(Mailbox,'$MailCode' . '_') WHERE 'id' IN $FriendIDs);
EDIT: I've just realized I need to add a new row if the FriendID isn't already in the table.
I'm guessing I need to start out with INSERT INTO and then use ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE, but I can't seem to get it to work. It's a bit trickier since the unique key is in an array, and I can't use WHERE id IN(ArrayOfValues) in an INSERT query.
Any help would be greatly appreciated!
You're close:
$FriendIDs = "10000001,10002421,10132000,10074794,13523543";
$MailCode = "ReqGem";
mysqli_query($db, "UPDATE Save SET Mailbox = CONCAT(Mailbox,'$MailCode' . '_') WHERE `id` IN($FriendIDs));
You just needed the parenthesis for IN() as it is a function.
Don't use single quotes for column names. Use ticks. Single quotes are for strings.

foreach loop returns nothing

I am trying to pull user data from a Cart66 table I have and put it into a shortcode in wordpress. $account is an integer pulled from session data. The code below returns nothing.
$account =Cart66Session::get(Cart66AccountId);
global $wpdb;
$fname=$wpdb->get_results("SELECT * FROM 'vfp_cart66_accounts' WHERE id = '$account', ARRAY_N");
foreach ($fname AS $row)
{
echo $row;
}
This returns "Array"
return $fname;
Ok firstly, maybe I am the only one who saw this, and it could be the source of your entire problem, but you have a misplaced double quote, at the end of your SQL line, which should live at the end of the actual SQL string, not after the requested return type:
// at the end of this line you have: '$account', ARRAY_N");
// this should be changed to: '$account'", ARRAY_N);
$fname=$wpdb->get_results("SELECT * FROM 'vfp_cart66_accounts' WHERE id = '$account', ARRAY_N");
Even the first person who answered the question did not correct you, so I am assuming he didn't see it either. Secondly, using single quotes (') to escape a table name is invalid. If it is quoted at all, use backticks (`). Single quotes indicate a string, not an database, table, or field, all three of which should only be quoted with backticks (except on utility queries like SHOW). Use this instead:
select * from `vfp_cart66_accounts` where id = '$account'
Thirdly, as your commenters point out, you could be vulnerable to SQL Injection. Make sure to use the tools that WP gives you, and do this, or similar, instead:
$fname = $wpdb->get_results(
$wpdb->prepare(
'select * from `vfp_cart66_accounts` where id = %d',
$account
),
ARRAY_N
);
Lastly, you are requesting an array from the DB, but you are trying to echo it as if it were a scalar value. This explains why printing the value of $row yields "Array". When you convert an array() to a string, by default, you get "Array", since arrays can be complex data that may not be beautifully converted to a string. As a correction of this, you can do one of two things.
First, if you need the entire resulting array that represents the entire row of the table, then you can simply change your echo code to this:
foreach ($fname as $row) {
// print the fname of the row
echo $row['fname'];
// do the other stuff you need to do with $row
...
}
OR, if you simply need the fname field out of that table, for the given id, you could use a different $wpdb function, called $wpdb->get_var(), which gets one specific field from the first entry of the resulting data from the database, coupled with some minor SQL changes:
// use the get_var() function instead
$fname = $wpdb->get_var(
$wpdb->prepare(
// 1) change the 'fields' of your sql to only get the `fname` field
// 2) also add limit 1, to reduce load by only asking for one row
// NOTE: #2 is optional really, because WP does this for you when using get_var,
// but is good practice to only ask for what you need. so do it
'select fname from `vfp_cart66_accounts` where id = %d limit 1',
$account
),
ARRAY_N
);
echo $fname; // print the value of field fname from vfp_cart66_accounts for id $account
Now. I don't have specific knowledge of Cart66. That being said, if the above changes to PHP, WordPress, and SQL syntax do not yield results, then you are probably having one of the following other problems instead:
there is a different PHP error somewhere in the code, causing this to never run
this code is never called, and thus it is never executed
you misspelled the table name, which is causing an SQL error
the table exists, but does not have a field named id
both table and field exist, but there are no entries in the table
some other random thing that is not coming to mind
DEBUG #1
For #1, you could try turning on error_reporting() and display_errors early in the code execution. In a normal, run of the mill PHP script you could add the following two lines somewhere early in the code:
error_reporting(E_ALL);
ini_set('display_errors', 1);
However, you are using WordPress, so you will need to do something like this in your wp-config.php file:
// find the line that looks like this and comment it out
// define('WP_DEBUG', false);
// add these two lines directly below it
define('WP_DEBUG', true);
ini_set('display_errors', 1);
DEBUG #2
Make sure your code is running. Don't be afraid to throw a die() statement directly above it, to make sure it is running. Something like this:
// add a die() before everything
die('I am running. Awesome!');
// revised code
$account = Cart66Session::get(Cart66AccountId);
global $wpdb;
$fname = $wpdb->get_var(
$wpdb->prepare(
'select fname from `vfp_cart66_accounts` where id = %d limit 1',
$account
),
ARRAY_N
);
echo $fname;
DEBUG #3
To debug #3, you need either access to a commandline tool for MySQL or some type of GUI interface like phpMyAdmin, so that you can run a query directly from the database. Here is the query you should run:
show tables like 'vfp_cart66_%';
This is an example of one of the only places in SQL that you should ever quote a table name in single quotes. Running this will yield a list of all the tables that start with vfp_cart66_. If you get no results, then your table name is wrong. If your results do not include vfp_cart66_accounts, then your table name is wrong. If you see vfp_cart66_accounts, you are good to go.
DEBUG #4
This one will need to be run directly from the DB or through something like phpMyAdmin also. You are trying to make sure you have the correct field name. The way you do that is:
show create table `vfp_cart66_accounts`;
Assumedly, the field you are calling id would be the auto_incremented field in the table. Thus you are looking for a line, similar to this one:
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
Make sure that the line that has AUTO_INCREMENT on it, begins with:
`id`
If it does not, and the name is something else other than id, then you probably have the wrong field name.
DEBUG #5
Make sure you actually have data to display. From your mysql console or phpMyAdmin, run:
select * from `vfp_cart66_accounts` limit 1;
If you bet any results, then you have data, and you are good.
DEBUG #3 - #5 (alternate methods)
Another option you have is to dump the $wpdb object, directly after you run the query, because it contains the last error you received from MySQL. You can do this like so:
$fname = $wpdb->get_var(
$wpdb->prepare(
'select fname from `vfp_cart66_accounts` where id = %d limit 1',
$account
),
ARRAY_N
);
// dump a readable version of the $wpdb object
echo '<pre>';
print_r($wpdb);
die('</pre>');
Often times, reading the MySQL error message helps narrow down the problem in your SQL syntax.
DEBUG #6
If none of this has helped at all, then you will need to use your experience to trackdown a random bug in either your plugins or theme, what could literally be anything. You may as well not even dig in core WP code because, while it does have a couple minor bugs unrelated to your problem, which are getting repaired as we speak, it is one of the most stable CMS platforms out there. It is used by more of the top 10 million sites on the internet than any other CMS, for a good reason. It works, it is up-to-date, and most of all, it is stable.
I really hope you found this helpful or at least learned something from it. Hopefully others find it useful as well.
$fname=$wpdb->get_results(
"SELECT * FROM `vfp_cart66_accounts` WHERE id = '$account'",
ARRAY_N"
);

Storing temp values in session array to use in mysql query

I have a view that needs updating with a list of id's. So I am storing the values that have been selected to remove from the view in a session variable that then goes into the mySQL query as below. Then when the form is reset the values are also reset out of the array.
But its not working... this is what I've got.
Any help would be appreciated.
if($_POST['flag']=='flag'){
//collect deleted rows
$_SESSION['delete-row'][] = $_POST['idval'];
//Split session array
$idavls = join(',' , $_session['delete-row'];
$sqlDelete = "CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW filtetbl AS SELECT * FROM `".$page['db-name']."`.`leads_tbl` WHERE ".$_SESSION['filter-view']." AND `lead_status` = '1' AND `lead_id` NOT IN (".$idvals.") ORDER BY `lead_added`";
$result = mysql_query($sqlDelete);
if($result){
echo true;
}
else{
echo mysql_error();
}
}
$_session isnt the same as $_SESSION for a start.
Also dont use mysql_query or similar (because it isnt safe) use PDO
This is hard to correct without more information (and there are several errors - probaby cut and paste) so I'll pull apart one by one and you can go from there.
1 - $_SESSION['delete-row'][] = $_POST['idval'];
If 'idval' comes from multiple inputs (i.e. ) then it is already an array, and you should have $_SESSION['delete-row'] = $_POST['idval']; If you are looping in an array of inputs (i.e. trying to append for many posts from then it is correct)
2 - $idavls = join(',' , $_session['delete-row'];
$_SESSION (you said this was a type) and you also need a bracket/bract ar the end
$sqlDelete = "CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW filtetbl AS SELECT * FROM ".$page['db-name'].".leads_tbl WHERE ".$_SESSION['filter-view']." AND lead_status = '1' AND lead_id NOT IN (".$idvals.") ORDER BY lead_added";
Firsly this is very insecure as pointed out by allen213. Even if you don't use PDO to make safe the variable, please cast all the inputs as (int) assuming the IDs are integers, or at least wrap the input in mysql_real_escape_string().
Secondly, the logic in the question doesn't quite make sense. You say you want to remove IDs from the view, but what you are doing is recreating the view with only those IDs in $_SESSION['delete-row'] removed - so this may re-introduce IDs previously removed from the view. You'd actually need to keep $_SESSION['delete-row'] and keep adding to it to ensure the next time the view was created, then all the IDs are removed.
I hope that helps. If not, more code may be required (i.e. the form you are using the send data, anythign else that affects sessions etc.

php code, better way of grabbing sql data

I need to grab data from two tables, but I know theres a better, more tidier way to do this. Is it some kind of JOIN i need?
I'll show you my code and you'll see what I mean:
if ($rs[firearm] != "") {
$sql_result2 = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM db_firearms WHERE name='$rs[firearm]'", $db);
$rs2 = mysql_fetch_array($sql_result2);
$sql_result3 = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM items_firearms WHERE player='$id'", $db);
$rs3 = mysql_fetch_array($sql_result3);
if ($rs3[$rs2[shortname]] < 1) {
mysql_query("UPDATE mobsters SET firearm = '' WHERE id ='$id'");
}
}
This question is clear, but your code example has alot of formatting issues and I cannot give you direct answer, based on your example code.
The reason, why your example is unclear, is because.. with what are you going to join the tables? From one table you are selecting by name='$rs[firearm]' and from another by player='$id'. You have to provide the hidden data, like $rs and also $id.
You should definitely read these about mysql join and mysql left join. But I will try to give you an example based on your code, with fixed syntax. (Keep in mind, that I'm no mysql join expert, I did not test this code and also I do not know the joining conditions.) And also, the system structure is unclear.
As I understood, this what your tables do, correct?
mobsters - Users table
items_firearms - Links from users table to items table
db_firearms - Items table
So basically, my example does this: It will have preloaded $rs value, from the users table. It will check, if there is a entry inside the links table and hook the result with them items table. However, if the links table or even the items table can return multiple entries, then this doesn't work and you need to loop your results in much more smarter way.
// I can only assume, that $id is the ID of the player
$id = 2;
// Since I dont know the $rs value, then Im going to make some up
$rs = array(
'id' => 33,
'firearm' => 'famas'
);
if ($rs['firearm']) {
$result = mysql_fetch_array(mysql_query("SELECT ifa.*, dbfa.* FROM `items_firearms` AS `ifa` LEFT JOIN `db_firearms` AS `dbfa` ON `ifa.shortname` = `dbfa.shortname` WHERE `ifa.player` = '$id'"));
if ($result['id']) {
mysql_query("UPDATE `mobsters` SET `firearm` = '' WHERE `id` = '$id'", $db);
}
}
It is pretty clear, that you are new to PHP and mysql.. So I think you should probably edit your question and talk about your higher goal. Briefly mention, what your application are you building..? What are you trying to do with the mysql queries..? Maybe provide the table structure of your mysql tables..? I'm sure, that you will get your questions votes back to normal and also we can help you much better.
NOTES
You have to quote these types of variables: $rs[firearm] -> $rs['firearm']
If you want to check if your $rs['firearm'] equals something, then there is a better way then $rs[firearm] != "". The most simple is if ($rs['firearm']) {echo 'foo';}, but will produce a notice message, when all errors reporting mode. You can use isset() and empty(), but keep in mind, that isset() checks whether the variable has been set.. Meaning, even if its false, then it has been set. empty() reacts to undefined and empty variable the same, without any messages.
Also, "" means NULL, so if you even need to use "", then use NULL instead...much neater way..
I strongly recommend to use mysql class. You can understand the basics behind that idea from this answer. This is gonna make things much more easier for you. Also, mysql class is a must-have when dealing with dynamic applications.
if ($rs3[$rs2[shortname]] < 1) { .. makes no sense.. Do you want to check if the value is empty? Then (simple): if (!$rs3[$rs2[shortname]]) { .. and a very strict standard: if (empty($rs3[$rs2[shortname]])) { ..
Also you have to quote your sql queries, see my examples above.
Is the last mysql query missing $db?

"SELECT * FROM users WHERE id IN ( )" == FAIL

I have a function that I use called sqlf(), it emulates prepared statements. For instance I can do things like:
$sql = sqlf("SELECT * FROM Users WHERE name= :1 AND email= :2",'Big "John"','bj#example.com') ;
For various reasons, I cannot use prepared statements, but I would like to emulate them. The problem that I run into is with queries like
$sql = sqlf("SELECT * FROM Users WHERE id IN (:1)",array(1,2,3) );
My code works, but it fails with empty arrays, e.g. the following throws a mysql error:
SELECT * FROM Users WHERE id IN ();
Does anyone have any suggestions? How should I translate and empty array into sql that can be injected into an IN clause? Substituting NULL will not work.
Null is the only value that you can guarantee is not in the set. How come it is not an option? Anything else can be seen as part of the potential set, they are all values.
I would say that passing an empty array as argument for an IN() clause is an error. You have control over the syntax of the query when calling this function, so you should also be responsible for the inputs. I suggest checking for emptiness of the argument before calling the function.
Is there a possibility that you could detect empty arrays withing sqlf and change the SQL to not have the IN clause?
Alteratively, you could postprocess the SQL before passing it to the "real" SQL executor so that "IN ()" sections are removed although you'd have to do all sorts of trickery to see what other elements had to be removed so that:
SELECT * FROM Users WHERE id IN ();
SELECT * FROM Users WHERE a = 7 AND id IN ();
SELECT * FROM Users WHERE id IN () OR a = 9;
would become:
SELECT * FROM Users;
SELECT * FROM Users WHERE a = 7;
SELECT * FROM Users WHERE a = 9;
That could get tricky depending on the complexity of your SQL - you'd basically need a full SQL language interpreter.
If your prepare-like function simply replaces :1 with the equivalent argument, you might try having your query contain something like (':1'), so that if :1 is empty, it resolves to (''), which will not cause a parse error (however it may cause undesirable behavior, if that field can have blank values -- although if it's an int, this isn't a problem). It's not a very clean solution, however, and you're better off detecting whether the array is empty and simply using an alternate version of the query that lacks the "IN (:1)" component. (If that's the only logic in the WHERE clause, then presumably you don't want to select everything, so you would simply not execute the query.)
I would use zero, assuming your "id" column is a pseudokey that is assigned numbers automatically.
As far as I know, automatic key generators in most brands of database begin at 1. This is a convention, not a requirement (auto-numbered fields are not defined in standard SQL). But this convention is common enough that you can probably rely on it.
Since zero probably never appears in your "id" column, you can use this value in the IN() predicate when your input array is empty, and it'll never match.
The only way I can think to do it would be to make your sqlf() function scan to see if a particular substitution comes soon after an "IN (" and then if the passed variable is an empty array, put in something which you know for certain won't be in that column: "m,znmzcb~~1", for example. It's a hack, for sure but it would work.
If you wanted to take it even further, could you change your function so that there are different types of substitutions? It looks like your function scans for a colon followed by a number. Why not add another type, like an # followed by a number, which will be smart to empty arrays (this saves you from having to scan and guess if the variable is supposed to be an array).

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