Simple php quote syntax error on echo usage inside echo - php

Question

I have no problem with creating php submenu class selected but when i try to create this submenu inside submenu: I can't get it work.
Problem: Defining echo inside echo returning syntax error because of quotes.
<ul class="sub_nav">
<li <?php if ($page=='kurumsal-hakkimizda') {echo "class='selected'";} ?>>
Hakkımızda
</li>
<li <?php if ($page=='kurumsal-ik') {echo "class='selected'";} ?>>
İnsan Kaynakları
<?php
if ($page=='kurumsal-ik')
{ echo '
<ul id="sub_sub_nav">
<!-- !! PROBLEM STARTS HERE !! -->
<li class="'if($page=='kurumsal-ik'){echo 'selected'}'">
<!-- !! CANT USE ECHO INSIDE ECHO BEACUSE OF QUOTES !! -->
İnsan Kaynakları Politikamız
</li>
<li class="'if($page=='kurumsal-hedef'){echo 'selected'}'">
Kurumsal Hedef
</li>
</ul>
';}
?>
</li>
<li <?php if ($page=='kurumsal-haberler') {echo "class='selected'";} ?>>
Kurumsal Haberler
</li>
</ul>

Answer 1

Its already inside echo right? So do this:
<li class="', ($page=='kurumsal-ik') ? 'selected' : '', '">
It works for sure. It is called ternary operator! :)
Note: Dot concatenation operator cannot be used here, because, the ternary operator acts as a function returning a value. Only comma , can be used.

Answer 2

You could just make the variable and echo it out at the very end:
<?php
if ($page=='kurumsal-ik')
{
$myVar= '
<ul id="sub_sub_nav">
<li class="';
if($page=='kurumsal-ik')
{
$myVar .= 'selected';
}
$myVar.='">
İnsan Kaynakları Politikamız
</li>
<li class="';
if($page=='kurumsal-hedef')
{
$myVar.= 'selected';
}
$myVar.='">
Kurumsal Hedef
</li>
</ul>
';
echo $myVar;
}
?>

Answer 3

As Praveen has said, it's already within an echo so there is no need to use another.
I believe the syntax for a ternary operator within an echo is:
<?php echo '<li class="' . ( $page == 'page_name' ? 'selected' : '' ) . '">Link</li>'; ?>
Hope that helps.

Answer 4

One the useful features of PHP is that it directly outputs everything that is outside the <?php and ?> tags, so you don't need long echo statements.
This is particularly practical when used in combination with the alternative syntax for control structures
Your code would be much more readable like this:
<?php if($page=='kurumsal-ik'): ?>
<ul id="sub_sub_nav">
<li class="<?php if($page=='kurumsal-ik') echo 'selected';?>">
İnsan Kaynakları Politikamız
</li>
<li class="<?php if($page=='kurumsal-hedef') echo 'selected';?>">
Kurumsal Hedef
</li>
</ul>
<?php endif; ?>
P. S.
You can shorten your code by using the shorthand <?=, which means <?php echo.