I want to set a precision of 0 when using the NumberFormatter PHP class (from Intl extension) with currency. However I've got some strange result. Here:
$numberFormatter = new NumberFormatter('en-US', NumberFormatter::CURRENCY);
$numberFormatter->setAttribute(NumberFormatter::FRACTION_DIGITS, 0);
echo $numberFormatter->formatCurrency('45', 'USD');
It outputs $45, which is what I want. However, if I change the currency to EUR with the same settings:
echo $numberFormatter->formatCurrency('45', 'EUR');
It outputs €45.00 (although I explicitly set to have a precision of zero).
Even more strange, if I set the locale to fr-FR, it outputs the number as expected:
$numberFormatter = new NumberFormatter('fr-FR', NumberFormatter::CURRENCY);
$numberFormatter->setAttribute(NumberFormatter::FRACTION_DIGITS, 0);
echo $numberFormatter->formatCurrency('45', 'EUR');
It outputs 45 €.
Is this a bug?
Michael Gallego forgot to update this issue. Check out his bug report and the replies at php.net.
https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=63140
http://bugs.icu-project.org/trac/ticket/7667
[2012-10-05 08:21 UTC] jpauli#email.com
I confirm this is an ICU bug in 4.4.x branch.
Consider upgrading libicu, 4.8.x gives correct result
This function uses locale information to format number into currency,
format I am are using is '%#10n' for $ :
/**
* That it is an implementation of the function money_format for the
* platforms that do not it bear.
* The function accepts to same string of format accepts for the
* original function of the PHP.
* The function is tested using PHP 5.1.4 in Windows XP
* and Apache WebServer.
*
* format I am are using is '%#10n' for $;
*
*/
public static function money_format( $format, $number )
{
$regex = '/%((?:[\^!\-]|\+|\(|\=.)*)([0-9]+)?'.
'(?:#([0-9]+))?(?:\.([0-9]+))?([in%])/';
if (setlocale(LC_MONETARY, 0) == 'C') {
setlocale(LC_MONETARY, '');
}
$locale = localeconv();
preg_match_all($regex, $format, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER);
foreach ($matches as $fmatch) {
$value = floatval($number);
$flags = array(
'fillchar' => preg_match('/\=(.)/', $fmatch[1], $match) ?
$match[1] : ' ',
'nogroup' => preg_match('/\^/', $fmatch[1]) > 0,
'usesignal' => preg_match('/\+|\(/', $fmatch[1], $match) ?
$match[0] : '+',
'nosimbol' => preg_match('/\!/', $fmatch[1]) > 0,
'isleft' => preg_match('/\-/', $fmatch[1]) > 0
);
$width = trim($fmatch[2]) ? (int)$fmatch[2] : 0;
$left = trim($fmatch[3]) ? (int)$fmatch[3] : 0;
$right = trim($fmatch[4]) ? (int)$fmatch[4] : $locale['int_frac_digits'];
$conversion = $fmatch[5];
$positive = true;
if ($value < 0) {
$positive = false;
$value *= -1;
}
$letter = $positive ? 'p' : 'n';
$prefix = $suffix = $cprefix = $csuffix = $signal = '';
$signal = $positive ? $locale['positive_sign'] : $locale['negative_sign'];
switch (true) {
case $locale["{$letter}_sign_posn"] == 1 && $flags['usesignal'] == '+':
$prefix = $signal;
break;
case $locale["{$letter}_sign_posn"] == 2 && $flags['usesignal'] == '+':
$suffix = $signal;
break;
case $locale["{$letter}_sign_posn"] == 3 && $flags['usesignal'] == '+':
$cprefix = $signal;
break;
case $locale["{$letter}_sign_posn"] == 4 && $flags['usesignal'] == '+':
$csuffix = $signal;
break;
case $flags['usesignal'] == '(':
case $locale["{$letter}_sign_posn"] == 0:
$prefix = '(';
$suffix = ')';
break;
}
if (!$flags['nosimbol']) {
$currency = $cprefix .
($conversion == 'i' ? $locale['int_curr_symbol'] : $locale['currency_symbol']) .
$csuffix;
} else {
$currency = '';
}
$space = $locale["{$letter}_sep_by_space"] ? ' ' : '';
$value = number_format($value, $right, $locale['mon_decimal_point'],
$flags['nogroup'] ? '' : $locale['mon_thousands_sep']);
$value = #explode($locale['mon_decimal_point'], $value);
$n = strlen($prefix) + strlen($currency) + strlen($value[0]);
if ($left > 0 && $left > $n) {
$value[0] = str_repeat($flags['fillchar'], $left - $n) . $value[0];
}
$value = implode($locale['mon_decimal_point'], $value);
if ($locale["{$letter}_cs_precedes"]) {
$value = $prefix . $currency . $space . $value . $suffix;
} else {
$value = $prefix . $value . $space . $currency . $suffix;
}
if ($width > 0) {
$value = str_pad($value, $width, $flags['fillchar'], $flags['isleft'] ?
STR_PAD_RIGHT : STR_PAD_LEFT);
}
$format = str_replace($fmatch[0], $value, $format);
}
return $format;
}
You must provide a locale AND currency combination that is correct. For example, fr-FR / fr-bh / fr-ch support €, which is what must be provided in the formatCurrency function.
I think you have to use a locale which supports the destination currency. So en_US don't have the Euro. de_DE have it and fr_FR also. So it is not strange that fr_FR supports Euro.
It seems that this is not a bug.
Set the default locale value in the php ini you can use:
ini_set('intl.default_locale', 'de-DE');
To change the number format use:
setlocale(LC_MONETARY, 'de-DE');
You can us the following line of code for formatting the money:-
$number = 1234.56;
setlocale(LC_MONETARY,"en_US"); // Sets the Default for money
echo money_format("%i", $number);
It will output you:
USD 1,234.56
Related
how can I change the colors of ONLY decimals of a number in PHP?
this is my function for formatting numbers
function formatNumber($input, $decimals = 'auto', $prefix = '', $suffix = '') {
$input = floatval($input);
$absInput = abs($input);
if ($decimals === 'auto') {
if ($absInput >= 0.01) {
$decimals = 2;
} elseif (0.0001 <= $absInput && $absInput < 0.01) {
$decimals = 4;
} elseif (0.000001 <= $absInput && $absInput < 0.0001) {
$decimals = 6;
} elseif ($absInput < 0.000001) {
$decimals = 8;
}
}
if($input>1000000000000000){
$result = ROUND(($input/1000000000000000),2).' TH ';
}elseif($input>1000000000000){
$result = ROUND(($input/1000000000000),2).' T ';
}elseif($input>1000000000){
$result = ROUND(($input/1000000000),2).' B ';
}elseif($input>1000000) {
$result = ROUND(($input / 1000000), 2) . ' M ';
} else {
$result = number_format($input, $decimals, config('decimal-separator','.'), config('thousand-separator', ',')) ;
}
return ($prefix ? $prefix : '') . $result. ($suffix ? $suffix : '');
}
and I use it like that
<?php echo formatNumber($chart['assist'], 2)?>
i want my decimals with a different color... can i use css there or add classes?
Here is an example of what I meant in my comment by manipulate the string:
<?php
$n = 123.456;
$whole = floor($n); // 123
$fraction = $n - $whole; // .456
//echo str_replace('.', '<span class="colorme">.</span>', $n);
echo $whole . '<span class="colorme">.</span>' . substr($fraction, strpos($fraction, '.')+1);
//Simply do a string replace on the decimal point.
UPDATED break out parts, concatenate.
A client side approach with Javascript (with some jQuery) would be something like:
$('#myDiv').each(function () {
$(this).html($(this).html().replace(/\./g, '<span class="colorme">.</span>'));
//or decimal point and decimal number part...
$(this).html($(this).html().replace(/\.([0-9]+)/g, '<span class="colorme">.$1</span>'));
});
Remember that other locales don't always use . for divider.
So with your existing code, you could do something like:
$dec_point = config('decimal-separator','.');
$wrapped_dec_point = "<span class='dec_point'>{$dec_point}</span>";
$result = number_format($input, $decimals, $wrapped_dec_point, config('thousand-separator', ',')) ;
and then of course, for your CSS, you would just need
.dec_point {
color: magenta;
}
Here is shorter solution
$n = 123.456;
$nums = explode(".",$n);
echo $nums[0] . '<span class="colorme">.' . $nums[1] . '</span>';
How can generate a round number according to a number in PHP?
Ex: if my number is
235112, then I should get 300000 or
122432, then I should get 200000 or
328522, then I should get 400000 ?
You can use a helper function to have the round-up:
function roundup ($value, $places=0) {
if ($places < 0)
{
$places = 0;
}
$mult = pow(10, $places);
return ceil($mult*$value)/$mult;
}
and use it like roundup($value,-5); to roundup 5 digits
String approach :
$s as string input
$s = ($s[0] === '9' ? '1' . str_repeat('0', strlen($s)) : (((int)$s[0]) + 1) . str_repeat('0', strlen($s) - 1));
modified version of Gardax answer:
<?php
$str = "328522";
function ceiling($number)
{
$strlen = strlen($number);
$significance = "1";
for($i=0; $i<($strlen-1);$i++)
{
$significance .= "0";
}
return ( is_numeric($number) && is_numeric($significance) ) ? (ceil($number/$significance)*$significance) : false;
}
echo ceiling($str);
?>
I am trying to convert calculations keyed in by users with decimal results into fractions. For e.g.; 66.6666666667 into 66 2/3. Any pointers?
Thanx in advance
Continued fractions can be used to find rational approximations to real numbers that are "best" in a strict sense. Here's a PHP function that finds a rational approximation to a given (positive) floating point number with a relative error less than $tolerance:
<?php
function float2rat($n, $tolerance = 1.e-6) {
$h1=1; $h2=0;
$k1=0; $k2=1;
$b = 1/$n;
do {
$b = 1/$b;
$a = floor($b);
$aux = $h1; $h1 = $a*$h1+$h2; $h2 = $aux;
$aux = $k1; $k1 = $a*$k1+$k2; $k2 = $aux;
$b = $b-$a;
} while (abs($n-$h1/$k1) > $n*$tolerance);
return "$h1/$k1";
}
printf("%s\n", float2rat(66.66667)); # 200/3
printf("%s\n", float2rat(sqrt(2))); # 1393/985
printf("%s\n", float2rat(0.43212)); # 748/1731
I have written more about this algorithm and why it works, and even a JavaScript demo here: https://web.archive.org/web/20180731235708/http://jonisalonen.com/2012/converting-decimal-numbers-to-ratios/
Farey fractions can be quite useful in this case.
They can be used to convert any decimal into a fraction with the lowest possible denominator.
Sorry - I don't have a prototype in PHP, so here's one in Python:
def farey(v, lim):
"""No error checking on args. lim = maximum denominator.
Results are (numerator, denominator); (1, 0) is 'infinity'."""
if v < 0:
n, d = farey(-v, lim)
return (-n, d)
z = lim - lim # Get a "zero of the right type" for the denominator
lower, upper = (z, z+1), (z+1, z)
while True:
mediant = (lower[0] + upper[0]), (lower[1] + upper[1])
if v * mediant[1] > mediant[0]:
if lim < mediant[1]:
return upper
lower = mediant
elif v * mediant[1] == mediant[0]:
if lim >= mediant[1]:
return mediant
if lower[1] < upper[1]:
return lower
return upper
else:
if lim < mediant[1]:
return lower
upper = mediant
Converted Python code in answer from #APerson241 to PHP
<?php
function farey($v, $lim) {
// No error checking on args. lim = maximum denominator.
// Results are array(numerator, denominator); array(1, 0) is 'infinity'.
if($v < 0) {
list($n, $d) = farey(-$v, $lim);
return array(-$n, $d);
}
$z = $lim - $lim; // Get a "zero of the right type" for the denominator
list($lower, $upper) = array(array($z, $z+1), array($z+1, $z));
while(true) {
$mediant = array(($lower[0] + $upper[0]), ($lower[1] + $upper[1]));
if($v * $mediant[1] > $mediant[0]) {
if($lim < $mediant[1])
return $upper;
$lower = $mediant;
}
else if($v * $mediant[1] == $mediant[0]) {
if($lim >= $mediant[1])
return $mediant;
if($lower[1] < $upper[1])
return $lower;
return $upper;
}
else {
if($lim < $mediant[1])
return $lower;
$upper = $mediant;
}
}
}
// Example use:
$f = farey(66.66667, 10);
echo $f[0], '/', $f[1], "\n"; # 200/3
$f = farey(sqrt(2), 1000);
echo $f[0], '/', $f[1], "\n"; # 1393/985
$f = farey(0.43212, 2000);
echo $f[0], '/', $f[1], "\n"; # 748/1731
Based upon #Joni's answer, here is what I used to pull out the whole number.
function convert_decimal_to_fraction($decimal){
$big_fraction = float2rat($decimal);
$num_array = explode('/', $big_fraction);
$numerator = $num_array[0];
$denominator = $num_array[1];
$whole_number = floor( $numerator / $denominator );
$numerator = $numerator % $denominator;
if($numerator == 0){
return $whole_number;
}else if ($whole_number == 0){
return $numerator . '/' . $denominator;
}else{
return $whole_number . ' ' . $numerator . '/' . $denominator;
}
}
function float2rat($n, $tolerance = 1.e-6) {
$h1=1; $h2=0;
$k1=0; $k2=1;
$b = 1/$n;
do {
$b = 1/$b;
$a = floor($b);
$aux = $h1; $h1 = $a*$h1+$h2; $h2 = $aux;
$aux = $k1; $k1 = $a*$k1+$k2; $k2 = $aux;
$b = $b-$a;
} while (abs($n-$h1/$k1) > $n*$tolerance);
return "$h1/$k1";
}
Based on #APerson's and #Jeff Monteiro's answers I've created PHP version of Farey fractions that will be simplified to whole values with fractions with lowest possible denominator:
<?php
class QuantityTransform
{
/**
* #see https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14330713/converting-float-decimal-to-fraction
*/
public static function decimalToFraction(float $decimal, $glue = ' ', int $limes = 10): string
{
if (null === $decimal || $decimal < 0.001) {
return '';
}
$wholeNumber = (int) floor($decimal);
$remainingDecimal = $decimal - $wholeNumber;
[$numerator, $denominator] = self::fareyFraction($remainingDecimal, $limes);
// Values rounded to 1 should be added to base value and returned without fraction part
if (is_int($simplifiedFraction = $numerator / $denominator)) {
$wholeNumber += $simplifiedFraction;
$numerator = 0;
}
return (0 === $wholeNumber && 0 === $numerator)
// Too small values will be returned in original format
? (string) $decimal
// Otherwise let's format value - only non-0 whole value / fractions will be returned
: trim(sprintf(
'%s%s%s',
(string) $wholeNumber ?: '',
$wholeNumber > 0 ? $glue : '',
0 === $numerator ? '' : ($numerator . '/' . $denominator)
));
}
/**
* #see https://stackoverflow.com/a/14330799/842480
*
* #return int[] Numerator and Denominator values
*/
private static function fareyFraction(float $value, int $limes): array
{
if ($value < 0) {
[$numerator, $denominator] = self::fareyFraction(-$value, $limes);
return [-$numerator, $denominator];
}
$zero = $limes - $limes;
$lower = [$zero, $zero + 1];
$upper = [$zero + 1, $zero];
while (true) {
$mediant = [$lower[0] + $upper[0], $lower[1] + $upper[1]];
if ($value * $mediant[1] > $mediant[0]) {
if ($limes < $mediant[1]) {
return $upper;
}
$lower = $mediant;
} elseif ($value * $mediant[1] === $mediant[0]) {
if ($limes >= $mediant[1]) {
return $mediant;
}
if ($lower[1] < $upper[1]) {
return $lower;
}
return $upper;
} else {
if ($limes < $mediant[1]) {
return $lower;
}
$upper = $mediant;
}
}
}
}
Then you san use it like:
QuantityTransform::decimalToFraction(0.06); // 0.06
QuantityTransform::decimalToFraction(0.75); // 3/4
QuantityTransform::decimalToFraction(1.75, ' and '); // 1 and 3/4
QuantityTransform::decimalToFraction(2.33, ' and '); // 2 and 1/3
QuantityTransform::decimalToFraction(2.58, ' ', 5); // 2 3/5
QuantityTransform::decimalToFraction(2.58, ' & ', 10); // 2 & 4/7
QuantityTransform::decimalToFraction(1.97); // 2
Here is my approach to this problem. Works fine with rational numbers.
function dec2fracso($dec){
//Negative number flag.
$num=$dec;
if($num<0){
$neg=true;
}else{
$neg=false;
}
//Extracts 2 strings from input number
$decarr=explode('.',(string)$dec);
//Checks for divided by zero input.
if($decarr[1]==0){
$decarr[1]=1;
$fraccion[0]=$decarr[0];
$fraccion[1]=$decarr[1];
return $fraccion;
}
//Calculates the divisor before simplification.
$long=strlen($decarr[1]);
$div="1";
for($x=0;$x<$long;$x++){
$div.="0";
}
//Gets the greatest common divisor.
$x=(int)$decarr[1];
$y=(int)$div;
$gcd=gmp_strval(gmp_gcd($x,$y));
//Calculates the result and fills the array with the correct sign.
if($neg){
$fraccion[0]=((abs($decarr[0])*($y/$gcd))+($x/$gcd))*(-1);
}else{
$fraccion[0]=(abs($decarr[0])*($y/$gcd))+($x/$gcd);
}
$fraccion[1]=($y/$gcd);
return $fraccion;
}
Sometimes it is necessary to treat only the decimals of a float. So I created a code that uses the function created by #Joni to present a format that is quite common in culinary recipes, at least in Brazil.
So instead of using 3/2 which is the result for 1.5, using the function I created it is possible to present the value 1 1/2, and if you want, you can also add a string to concatenate the values, creating something like "1 and 1/2 ".
function float2rat($n, $tolerance = 1.e-6) {
$h1=1; $h2=0;
$k1=0; $k2=1;
$b = 1/$n;
do {
$b = 1/$b;
$a = floor($b);
$aux = $h1; $h1 = $a*$h1+$h2; $h2 = $aux;
$aux = $k1; $k1 = $a*$k1+$k2; $k2 = $aux;
$b = $b-$a;
} while (abs($n-$h1/$k1) > $n*$tolerance);
return "$h1/$k1";
}
function float2fraction($float, $concat = ' '){
// ensures that the number is float,
// even when the parameter is a string
$float = (float)$float;
if($float == 0 ){
return $float;
}
// when float between -1 and 1
if( $float > -1 && $float < 0 || $float < 1 && $float > 0 ){
$fraction = float2rat($float);
return $fraction;
}
else{
// get the minor integer
if( $float < 0 ){
$integer = ceil($float);
}
else{
$integer = floor($float);
}
// get the decimal
$decimal = $float - $integer;
if( $decimal != 0 ){
$fraction = float2rat(abs($decimal));
$fraction = $integer . $concat . $fraction;
return $fraction;
}
else{
return $float;
}
}
}
Usage e.g:
echo float2fraction(1.5);
will return "1 1/2"
I am looking for something like this: How to generate a regular expression at runtime to match a numeric range but written in php.
Answering your question here, since comments are horrible for code blocks. I wouldn't translate a statement like that directly, as it's nearly unreadable. It's far easier to pick apart like this:
if ($n == $m) { // max/min ranges are the same, so just look for that number of characters
$format = "\{$n\}"; // {n}
} elseif ($n == 1) { // min range is 1, so use the max
$format = "\{1,$m\}"; // {1,m}
} else { // arbitary n->m range
$format = "\{$n,$m\}"; // {n,m}
}
It CAN be done in PHP as a ternary, it's just as illegible/impossible to debug, though:
$format = ($n == $m) ? "\{$n\}" : (($n == 1) ? "\{1,$m\}" : "\{$n,$m\}");
I think this should work:
class NumericRangeRegexGenerator {
private function baseRange($num,$up, $leading1) {
$c = $num[0];
$low = $up ? $c : ($leading1 ? '1' : '0');
$high = $up ? '9': $c;
if (strlen($num) == 1)
return $this->charClass($low, $high);
$re = $c . "(" . $this->baseRange(substr($num,1), $up, false) . ")";
if ($up) $low++; else $high--;
if ($low <= $high)
$re .= "|" . $this->charClass($low, $high) . $this->nDigits(strlen($num) - 1);
return $re;
}
private function charClass($b, $e) {
//String.format(b==e ? "%c" : e-b>1 ? "[%c-%c]" : "[%c%c]", b, e); (in java)
if ($b == $e) {
$format = $b;
} elseif ($e-$b>1) {
$format = '['.$b.'-'.$e.']';
} else {
$format = '['.$b.$e.']';
}
return $format;
}
private function nDigits($n, $m=null) {
//String.format(n==m ? n==1 ? "":"{%d}":"{%d,%d}", n, m) (in java)
if($m===null){
nDigits($n, $n);
}
if ($n == $m) { // max/min ranges are the same, so just look for that number of characters
$format = "\{$n\}"; // {n}
} elseif ($n == 1) { // min range is 1, so use the max
$format = "\{1,$m\}"; // {1,m}
} else { // arbitary n->m range
$format = "\{$n,$m\}"; // {n,m}
}
return "[0-9]" . $format;
}
private function eqLengths($from, $to) {
$fc = $from[0];
$tc = $to[0];
if (strlen($from) == 1 && strlen($to) == 1)
return $this->charClass($fc, $tc);
if ($fc == $tc)
return $fc . "(".$this->rangeRegex(substr($from,1), substr($to,1)).")";
$re = $fc . "(" . $this->baseRange(substr($from,1), true, false) . ")|"
. $tc . "(" . $this->baseRange(substr($to,1), false, false) . ")";
if (++$fc <= --$tc)
$re .= "|" . $this->charClass($fc, $tc) . $this->nDigits(strlen($from) - 1);
return $re;
}
private function nonEqLengths($from, $to) {
$re = $this->baseRange($from,true,false) . "|" . $this->baseRange($to,false,true);
if (strlen($to) - strlen($from) > 1)
$re .= "|[1-9]" . $this->nDigits(strlen($from), strlen($to) - 2);
return $re;
}
public function rangeRegex($n, $m) {
return strlen($n) == strlen($m) ? $this->eqLengths($n, $m) : $this->nonEqLengths($n, $m);
}
}
is there any way to edit/change the default locale setting in localeconv()?
I would like to use the the money_format function, and it works fine, but the locales for my language/region are not correct.
To be more precise, for Croatia, we use the currency symbol after the number, not before like set in local values?
Are there any ways I can edit this? Or at least manually check, change values, and send new values to setlocale()?
Working on shared hosting btw.
number_format() has nothing to do with currency symbols, you probably meant money_format(), but ... well - just use number_format() and append whatever currency symbol you want to the return value.
If anyone is interested, I made it work with my own replacement of the money_format() function.
It is basically copy-paste from here with added parameters for forceRight and noSpace
class Helper_Locales
{
public static function formatNumber($number, $isMoney=false, $forceRight=false, $noSpace=false) {
$lg = isset($lg) ? $lg : setlocale(LC_MONETARY, '0');
$ret = setLocale(LC_ALL, $lg);
setLocale(LC_TIME, 'Europe/Paris');
if ($ret===FALSE) {
echo "Language '$lg' is not supported by this system.\n";
return;
}
$LocaleConfig = localeConv();
forEach($LocaleConfig as $key => $val) $$key = $val;
// Sign specifications:
if ($number>=0) {
$sign = $positive_sign;
$sign_posn = $p_sign_posn;
$sep_by_space = $p_sep_by_space;
$cs_precedes = $p_cs_precedes;
} else {
$sign = $negative_sign;
$sign_posn = $n_sign_posn;
$sep_by_space = $n_sep_by_space;
$cs_precedes = $n_cs_precedes;
}
// Number format:
$n = number_format(abs($number), $frac_digits,
$decimal_point, $thousands_sep);
$n = str_replace(' ', ' ', $n);
switch($sign_posn) {
case 0: $n = "($n)"; break;
case 1: $n = "$sign$n"; break;
case 2: $n = "$n$sign"; break;
case 3: $n = "$sign$n"; break;
case 4: $n = "$n$sign"; break;
default: $n = "$n [error sign_posn=$sign_posn !]";
}
// Currency format:
$currency_symbol = strtolower($currency_symbol);
$m = number_format(abs($number), $frac_digits,
$mon_decimal_point, $mon_thousands_sep);
if ($sep_by_space && !$noSpace) $space = ' '; else $space = '';
if ($cs_precedes && !$forceRight) $m = "$currency_symbol$space$m";
else $m = "$m$space$currency_symbol";
$m = str_replace(' ', ' ', $m);
switch($sign_posn) {
case 0: $m = "($m)"; break;
case 1: $m = "$sign$m"; break;
case 2: $m = "$m$sign"; break;
case 3: $m = "$sign$m"; break;
case 4: $m = "$m$sign"; break;
default: $m = "$m [error sign_posn=$sign_posn !]";
}
if ($isMoney) return $m; else return $n;
}
}