Can PHP Array Keys have an Alias? - php

This is just a curious question, the reasoning behind it is purely to be slightly more lazy on my part. Here is what I mean..
Say I have a website, where htaccess makes nice urls, and sends that data to the $_GET['p'] array key as the current 'page'. In the index file, I setup the page, and the first thing I do is setup some page settings in a config file, $_PAGE array. Now, say I have multiple pages I want to have the same settings, (and down in the page, other things may slightly change that do not correspond to the settings. So currently, I have something that looks like the following 2 php files.
// index.php
include('page.array.php');
echo '<title>'.$_PAGE[$_GET['p']]['title'].'</title>';
// page.array.php
$_PAGE = array(
'some/page/' => array(
'title' => 'This is an example'
)
)
$_PAGE['some/aliased/page/'] = $_PAGE['some/page/'];
Notice that at the end ofthe page array, in order to 'alias' a page I must add this to the end after the array has been created.
Is there any method in php that maybe I am just unaware of, that could make me a tad bit lazier (and at the same time add to cleaner code), and make it so I can simply alias the key? I notice the following doesn't work, and I suppose my question is, is there any way to create the alias within the same array during the creation of the array?
This example deosn't work:
// page.array.php
$_PAGE = array(
'some/page/' => array(
'title' => 'This is an example'
),
'some/aliased/page/' => $_PAGE['some/page/']
)
Maybe a way to refer to "this" array, from within itself?
If this is not possible, I don't have an issue with the "Not Possible" answer. Though if you have a better method of solving this, other then the way I have described above, in the sake of being lazier, I would be interested in reading it :)

I don't believe you can have array values that mirror other values in the array like this. The first thing that comes to mind though would be for you to construct your $_PAGE array from within a switch statement, using fall-through values as aliases:
// Define path for testing, and empty page array
$path = "some/aliased/page";
$page = Array();
// Time to evaluate our path
switch ($path) {
// If it's either of these two cases
case "some/page":
case "some/aliased/page":
// Assign this array to $page
$page = Array("Title" => "Two Paths, One Page.");
break;
// If it's this case
case "some/other/path":
// Assign this array to $page
$page = Array("Title" => "Something else.");
break;
// If the path isn't found, default data
default:
$page = Array("Title" => "Page not found");
}
// Output the result
var_dump($page);
Execute it: http://sandbox.onlinephpfunctions...ebd3dee1f37c5612c25

It's possible:
$_PAGE = array('some/page/' => array('title' => 'This is an example'));
$_PAGE['some/aliased/page/'] = &$_PAGE['some/page/'];
$_PAGE['some/page/'] = 7;
var_dump($_PAGE);
Use the & to get a reference to a (non-object) variable instead of its value.

Related

Associative array of arrays

Ive come upon the following code and having trouble deciphering its use.
(changed up the variable names a bit for simplicity)
$fooo = array(
'dog' => array('pages', 'home'),
'cat' => array('users', 'login'),
'bird' => array('users', 'reset', 1),
);
I am familiar with associative arrays but have not seen this "nested array" implementation before.
Is this code creating an array of arrays?
For example, $fooo['dog'] returns an array where $dog[0]='pages' and $dog[1]='home'
That seems wrong.
Yes, this is an array of arrays. But it perhaps may be more accurate to describe it as an associative array with an indexed array for every value.
The following can be done with it:
$fooo['dog'] // gets array("pages", "home")
$fooo['bird'][0] // gets "users"
$fooo['cat'][1] // gets "login"
$fooo['cow'] = array('x', 'y'); // adds another value to the outer array
$fooo['bird'][] = 2; // $fooo['bird'] now equals array('users', 'reset', 1, 2)
There is nothing wrong with this code, but your example is lacking practicality. There is plenty of code that uses such structures though. For example, a logical representation of a menu with sub-menus on a website (which seems like the source of your sample), this data structure can then be looped to generate an HTML/CSS menu.

Calling many Variables stored in outside file

The code I had help with the last couple weeks works great. The problem is it's creating way more needed includes and external files than I first thought and getting to be a challenge to keep track of.
I was told to use MySQL. That would be fine if the data was going to be used over again. The data is only used long enough to build the pages, print to pdf and then it's no longer needed and the files are deleted.
I have three templates that are used to create all the needed pages. Only the data is different but never the same to allow it to be saved beyond it's use.
The problem I started having is when 30+ pages are loaded into a single browser window so it can get processed to pdf, this is calling a few hundred includes and some are being missed. When each page is called by itself it all loads fine.
The other thing I can think of is to try and get the variables belonging to each page in it's own single file and have the page access that file. When I call the file with include "file.php"; it just prints everything to the screen and not where they are needed. That way each file would have 10 - 15 variables in it for each page This would eliminate over 400 external files down to 1+ images for each page.
Is putting them all in one separate file and then called possible?
I hope I explained this correctly.
Thanks in advance.
// What I would like in one file.
$item1 = "Data for Item one";
$photo1 = "img src string to image for item 1";
etc...
$item12 = "Data for Item 12";
$photo12 = "img src string to image for item 12";
This would then call the items in the proper location of the page.
echo "$item1";
echo "photo1";
etc...
echo "$item12";
echo "photo12";
You can use a MySQL database to store information like that. (Settings, etc.)
But you can also use arrays for this which is probably more advisable.
Solution with arrays
An array gives you the possibility to easily store and manage data of a similar type.
You create a new array like this:
$settings = array();
To store a value in it, you have several options:
name it as an integer (0, 1, 2, 3 etc.)
name it as a string ('item1', 'path2' etc.)
$settings = array('path1', 'path2');
This just stored 0 => 'path1' and 1 => 'path1'
To get the value of a key in an array:
echo $settings[0]; //or $settings{0}, outputs 'path1'
echo $settings[1]; //outputs 'path2'
Or you store it as a string:
$settings = array('picture1' => 'path1', 'picture2' => 'path2');
echo $settings['picture1']; //outputs 'path1'
Also, multidimensional arrays are possible:
$settings = array(
'paths' => array(
'picture1' => 'path1',
'picture2' => 'path2'
),
'language' => 'english'
);
You get a value of a multidimensional array like this:
//for every dimension a new [], outputs 'path1'
echo $settings['paths']['picture1'];
Then you can just easily store all your settings and require_once 'settings.php';.
If you want to learn more about arrays, go to the php.net documentation.
Example:
/php/settings.php
$settings = array(
'items' => array(
'item1' => 'Data for Item1',
'item12' => 'Data for Item12',
),
'photos' => array(
'photo1' => 'img src string to image for item 1',
'photo12' => 'img src string to image for item 12',
),
);
index.php
<?php
require_once '/php/settings.php';
echo $settings['items']['item1']; //outputs 'Data for Item1'
//Or you can even use a foreach loop
foreach($settings['items'] as $key) {
echo $key;
echo '<br>';
}
That prints out:
Data for Item1
Data for Item12
Hope this helped.

Return Different PHP Array Values Based on A User ID-Related Constant

I am working with an array of tokens for an HTML template. Two of them ('{SYS_MENU}' and '{SUB_MENU}') are used to generate control buttons for the web application. Right now the buttons show up on the login page before the user's credential's are validated, and I need to change the code so that the buttons are hidden until after users login and reach the main menu. When someone types the http: address into their browser and arrives at the login page the system starts a session for them in the MySQL sessions table with USER_ID = 0. After they login the USER_ID changes to whatever number was assigned to them at initial registration (Example: USER_ID = 54), and after they logout at the end of the session back to 0. Tying this constant to the buttons seems like the best solution and I have found it to work in the past under similar circumstances.
Here is the original array:
$template_vars = array(
'{LANG_DIR}' => $lang_text_dir,
'{TITLE}' => theme_page_title($section),
'{CHARSET}' => $charset,
'{META}' => $meta,
'{GAL_NAME}' => $CONFIG['gallery_name'],
'{GAL_DESCRIPTION}' => $CONFIG['gallery_description'],
'{SYS_MENU}' => theme_main_menu('sys_menu'),
'{SUB_MENU}' => theme_main_menu('sub_menu'),
'{ADMIN_MENU}' => theme_admin_mode_menu(),
'{CUSTOM_HEADER}' => $custom_header,
'{JAVASCRIPT}' => theme_javascript_head(),
'{MESSAGE_BLOCK}' => theme_display_message_block(),
);
The first thing I did was to work with the references directly in the HTML template. I saw an example on w3schools that made it look like you could just type a PHP script into HTML and have it resolve. That didn't do anything except echo a bunch of text randomly into the page. I then found another citation that said you had to activate the PHP with an .HTACCESS entry before it would work directly in HTML. But that didn't close the deal either.
I know that changing '{SYS_MENU}' and '{SUB_MENU}' values in the array to => "", produces the results that I want (I.E. make the menu buttons disappear). So my next thought was I'll create an IF statement that returns two versions of the array based on circumstances, something like:
if(USER_ID != 0)
{
return $template_vars = //FIRST VERSION OF ARRAY WITH FULL VALUES//
}
else
{
return $template_vars = //SECOND VERSION OF ARRAY WITH ONLY => ""//
}
But all that did was cause the application load to terminate at a white screen with no error feedback.
My most recent attempt came from something I read here on Stack Overflow. I know that you cannot put IF statements into an array. But the article at this link described a workaround:
If statement within an array declaration ...is that possible?
So I rewrote the array as follows:
template_vars = array(
'{LANG_DIR}' => $lang_text_dir,
'{TITLE}' => theme_page_title($section),
'{CHARSET}' => $charset,
'{META}' => $meta,
'{GAL_NAME}' => $CONFIG['gallery_name'],
'{GAL_DESCRIPTION}' => $CONFIG['gallery_description'],
'{SYS_MENU}' => ('USER_ID != 0' ? theme_main_menu('sys_menu') : ""),
'{SUB_MENU}' => ('USER_ID != 0' ? theme_main_menu('sub_menu') : ""),
'{ADMIN_MENU}' => theme_admin_mode_menu(),
'{CUSTOM_HEADER}' => $custom_header,
'{JAVASCRIPT}' => theme_javascript_head(),
'{MESSAGE_BLOCK}' => theme_display_message_block(),
);
But that seems to have no effect at all. The application doesn't crash but the buttons are static whether you are logged in or logged out.
My question is: What am I missing? I can see that this is possible. But I've been trying things for a day and a half and just seem to be dancing around the solution. Your thoughts would be greatly appreciated.
The problem here is that you are calling return. With a global include file like this there is not context to return to so the application terminates. What you want to do is just assign the variables.
if(USER_ID != 0)
{
$template_vars = //FIRST VERSION OF ARRAY WITH FULL VALUES//
}
else
{
$template_vars = //SECOND VERSION OF ARRAY WITH ONLY => ""//
}

Processing an array into multiple files correctly with PHP

All right so I have a problem and I'm looking for the best way to model it.
At the moment I have an array called $lang and it is defined in multiple files. It is initialized as so in each file: $lang = array_merge($lang, array( "Key" => "Value", )); so that when multiple files are included on a page, the $lang array contains all keys and values from their respective files into one big array.
Now I want to build a front-end where it displays all of the attributes from the array, a user can change the attributes, and save them. At the moment I am including them as so:
foreach(glob("language/*.php") as $filename){
include $filename;
}
I display them all fine, but when I want to re-submit them as a form, I don't know how to specify which Key => Value belonged to which file, as they were all merged when they were included.
Is there some clever way I can differentiate which file a certain Key => Value belonged to as I have set it up right now, or should I step back and set up the model differently?
sounds like you need to store the filename in each array using a multidimensional array, eg
array("filename"=>array("Key" => "Value")
Perhaps you could make some kind of language key to filename mapping:
$map = array();
foreach(glob("language/*.php") as $filename){
$lang = array();
include $filename;
foreach($lang as $k=>$v){
$map[$k] = $filename;
}
}
EDIT:
But it's probably a better idea to refactor your code and use some of the other answers suggestions.
your input fields could look something like this, with the filename in them:
<input type="text" name="data[file1][key1]" value="new value" />
<input type="text" name="data[file2][key1]" value="new value" />
That way you can differentiate them and write the files back in different files.
The two ways I can think of this are sorting by file:
array(
'filename' => array(
'key' => 'value',
)
)
or sorting by key:
array(
'key' => array(
'value',
'filename'
)
)
It really depends on how you want to deal with it later. I don't think there's a "correct" answer here.
The main problem I see with your code is that you hardencode the $lang variable plus some functional magic inside the data-file(s). Consider the following instead to differ more between data and logic:
language/sample.php:
return array("key" => "value");
loading script:
foreach(glob("language/*.php") as $filename){
$filedata = include($filename);
$lang[$filename] = $filedata;
# - OR -
$lang = array_merge($lang, $filedata);
}
You can now use the language data-files more modular because they are not bound to $lang any longer. For example to display an editor per file. Or to add the needed meta-data as well.

Is there a way to set and get values from a multidimensional array through Kohana's built in session handler?

In PHP I often do the following:
$_SESSION['var']['foo'] = array('bar1' => 1, 'bar2' => 2);
// ...
$_SESSION['var']['foo']['bar2'] = 3;
// ...
echo $_SESSION['var']['foo']['bar2']; // 3
I'm wondering what the recommended way of storing multidimensional arrays in a session with Kohana.
I know I can do the following, but I don't know how to make it work with multidimensional, specifically the get portion:
Session::instance()->set('var', array(
'foo' => array(
'bar1' => 1,
'bar2' => 2,
),
));
// ...
// how do I set just bar2?
// ...
// this gets the whole array, but how do I get just bar2?
Session::instance()->get('var');
So, the questions are:
How do I set just bar2?
How do I get just bar2?
Is there a way to do either of these in Kohana 3?
I'd love to use the native sessions, but we are trying to use database sessions.
The short answer is that there is no way to do that, given the current implementation of Kohana sessions. You have two alternatives:
Either get and set the entire array, editing the bits you need each time:
$array = Session::instance()->get('var');
$array['foo']['bar2'] = 'baz';
Session::instance()->set('var', $array);
Or you override the Kohana_Session->get() and ->set() methods (which are defined here on github).
Keep in mind that, given the wonderful "layered" filesystem in Kohana, you can actually extend the class, modifying just the method you need, without editing the core Kohana code.
My idea would be to change the $key parameter to accept either strings or arrays. If you pass in an array, it should interpret each element in the array as a "deeper" level.
$key = array('var', 'foo', 'bar2');
Session::instance()->get($key, $default);
Session::instance()->set($key, 'baz');
$session = & Session::instance()->as_array();
$session['foo']['bar2'] = 'baz';
UPD. Also, you can use Arr::path():
$bar2 = arr::path(Session::instance()->as_array(), 'foo.bar2');// returns 'baz'
$bars = arr::path(Session::instance()->as_array(), '*.bar2'); // returns array of bar2's

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