I have html code within a php function and it is displaying everything I need. I however find it very difficult to understand the use of . and ' when splitting up the code. I wish to change the layout to put the values within a table but struggle to get the correct syntax. Currently it looks like this;
$sub = $get_row['price']*$value; // Creates Subtotal of product
echo $get_row['name'].' x '.$value.' # £'.number_format($get_row['price'], 2).' = £ '.number_format($sub, 2).'
[-]
[+]
[Delete]<br/>';
Is there a good tutorial/example about how to easily style this? Can anyone guide me in how this should be styled?
I am looking to put it in the following;
<table>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Price</th>
<th>Subtotal</th>
.....
What I think you are looking for is something like this
while($row - mysqli_fetch_array($here is your query)){
$id = $row["id"];
$name = $row["name"];
$html .='
[-]
[+]
[Delete]<br/>';
}
?>
<html>
<?php echo $html;?>
In this it loops through your query and for each ID it finds it creates your links and appends it to the $html variable. Then when you echo they will display in order.
If you don't mind using quoteless keys (see Accessing arrays whitout quoting the key), I find that putting your variables inside of double quotes when possible makes the entire string more readable and reduces the amount of concatenation you need to do.
echo "$get_row[name] x $value # £".number_format($get_row['price'], 2)." = £ ".number_format($sub, 2);
If you want that even more readable, store the number_format calculations in variables first.
Also, for big strings of html, I like to close out php and use tags to echo the variables, because it's more readable to me (I prefer short echo tags (<?= ?>), but it's officially not encouraged so I can't officially recommend it here ;) ).
?>
[-]
[+]
[Delete]<br/>
<?
Related
I have a sytem where I want to build an HTML table in PHP from data retrieved from a databse.
I've previously used two different methods for creating the HTML and echoing it.
Building a return variable, and echoing at the end of the PHP script:
<?php
$data['category']['parts']; // format of the data
$retval = '<table>';
foreach($data as $category) {
$retval .= '<tr>';
foreach($category as $data) {
$retval .= '<td>'.$data.'</td>'
}
$retval .= '</tr>';
}
$retval .= '</table>';
echo $retval;
The other method is to echo each line as the code comes to it:
<?php
$data['category']['parts']; // format of the data
echo '<table>';
foreach($data as $category) {
echo '<tr>';
foreach($category as $data) {
echo '<td>'.$data.'</td>'
}
echo '</tr>';
}
echo '</table>';
Which of the two methods is more efficient, in terms of processor/memory usage, and also for processing speed?
Is there actually a real difference, rather than just a question of style?
My shot is: whatever you find more readable. Impact on performance is so small that probably you won't see any difference.
However, if you really care, echo should be faster (nothing better than a performance test on your specific scenario) because string concatenation will resize retval multiple times (and this will impact performance).
Even better you should avoid concatenation also in your echo:
<?php
$data['category']['parts']; // format of the data
echo '<table>';
foreach($data as $category) {
echo '<tr>';
foreach($category as $data) {
echo '<td>', $data, '</td>';
}
echo '</tr>';
}
echo '</table>';
Do you want to do better? Just construct your own string builder object (but, honestly, gain is so small that you should seriously consider if worth your effort).
If you want to use kind of a templating to generate your page, I would rewrite your code to something like this.
(this can be in a dedicated file, and just included to display output)
<?php
$data['category']['parts']; // format of the data
?>
include ('templates/theFileIWantToShow.php');
---- snip files here. Processing above, template bellow.
<table>
<?foreach($data as $category):?>
<tr>
<?foreach($category as $data):?>
<td><?=$data?></td>
<?endforeach;?>
</tr>
<?endforeach;?>
</table>
This would offer (imho) best readability when it comes down to large html pages with only a few wildcards.
Advantages:
You get clean html with only a few spots of php in between
You can easily replace the template files without touching the generating code
you can reuse templates. Providing direct output and/or building strings is a mess, when it comes down to reuse the same html-markup for a certain element over and over.
Note that this requires shorttags to be enabled in your php.ini for PHP < 5.4.0.
Im new to learning PHP as you might have guessed. I have the contents of a .txt file echoed but I would like it to stand out more, so I figured I would make it a different colour.
My code without colour:
<?php
$file = fopen("instructions.txt", "r") or exit("Unable to open file");
while(!feof($file))
{
echo fgets($file);
}
fclose($file);
?>
I have researched this and seen suggestions to others to use a div style, however this didn't work for me, it gave me red errors all the way down the page instead! I think its because I'm using 'fgets' not just a variable? Is there a way to colour the echo red?
The code I tried but doesn't work:
echo "<div style=\"color: red;\">fgets($file)</div>";
(In general) You need to separate the actual PHP code from the literal portions of your strings. One way is to use the string concatenation operator .. E.g.
echo "<div style=\"color: red;\">" . fgets($file) . "</div>";
String Operators
Other answer already told that you can't use a function call in a double quoted string. Let additionally mention that for formatting only tasks a <span> element is better suited than a <div> element.
Like this: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/span
You should try:
<div style="color: red;"><?= fgets($file);?></div>
Note: <?= is an short hand method for <?php echo fgets($file);?>
This version does not need to escape double quotes:
echo '<div style="color:red;">' . fgets($file) . '</div>';
You can do this with the concatenate operator . as has already been mentioned but IMO it's cleaner to use sprintf like this:
echo sprintf("<div style='color: red;'>%s</div>", fgets($file));
This method comes into it's own if you have two sets of text that you want to insert a string in different places eg:
echo sprintf("<div style='color: red;'>%s</div><div style='color: blue;'>%s</div>", fgets($file), fgets($file2));
I'm trying to modify a bit of PHP code to get it to assign a unique CSS class to the elements it creates as it cycles through its loop. Theoretically, I'm just trying to take a "name" that's echoed to the screen and assign that as a class to a element that's created next... Here's the intitial relevant code loop:
<?php foreach($my_exams as $exam):
if(!$exam->is_taken) continue;?>
<tr><td><?php echo $exam->name;?></td></tr>
<?php endforeach;?>
Simplistcally, I'm trying to get the string that's echoed by $exam->name to be assigned to the class of that <tr> element. Something like
<tr class="<?php echo $exam->name;"><td><?php echo $exam->name;?></td></tr>
Although I'm sure I'm handling the quotes or syntax improperly (at least, anyway, it doesn't end up assigning the class to the <tr>.
It will help if you stop going in and out of PHP so much, it will probably be easier to read this way:
<?php
foreach($my_exams as $exam){
if($exam->is_taken){
echo '<tr class="'.$exam->name.'"><td>'.$exam->name.'</td></tr>';
}
}
If you want to do double quotes, you need to escape them when you want to echo them, but then you can use a variable without concatenating a bunch of strings. (Once you are using objects/arrays it helps to surround each variable with {})
echo "<tr class=\"{$exam->name}\"><td>{$exam->name}</td></tr>";
Reference: http://us2.php.net/manual/en/language.types.string.php#language.types.string.syntax.double
<tr class="<? echo $exam->name ?>"><td><? echo $exam->name ?></td></tr>
Others have answered this pretty much the same way I am about to, but I want to add this to explain the issue. And why this is not a “stupid” question, but more of a bizarre byproduct of the way that some CMS system mix HTML & PHP within their templates. In short: They format the template as nice HTML to make it seem clean & easy for non-coders, but in doing so their mixing of inline-PHP makes PHP coding seem more difficult than it is. Meaning this code:
<?php foreach($my_exams as $exam):
if(!$exam->is_taken) continue;?>
<tr><td><?php echo $exam->name;?></td></tr>
<?php endforeach;?>
Can easily be this:
<?php
foreach($my_exams as $exam) {
if ($exam->is_taken) {
echo '<tr><td>'
. $exam->name
. '</td></tr>'
;
}
}
?>
Which is now easier to parse from a programming standpoint, so you can now do this:
<?php
foreach($my_exams as $exam) {
if ($exam->is_taken) {
echo sprintf('<tr%s><td>', ' class="' . $exam->name . '"')
. $exam->name
. '</td></tr>'
;
}
}
?>
What I did there is use sprintf to place ' class="' . $exam->name . '"' into the ''. The %s means that is a string that should be placed there, and the string is what comes after the comma in the sprintf statement. I find this much easier to code, test & debug. But in general, the key to making PHP coding easier is to just use straight PHP when any logic needs to be placed in the context of HTML.
What I am trying to do is get an echo of the following php call and subtract 14.1% from the displayed number.
The code:
<?php echo $program->current_amount(); ?>
Can I add arithmetic functions to this in order to display the 14.1% deduction?
I think you're looking for a basic math operation in your output that has no effect on a database or anything else, correct?
If so, do something like the following:
<?php
// Set values
$current_amount = 100;
$pcnt_off = 14.1;
// Do the math
$out = $current_amount - ($pcnt_off/100) * $current_amount;
// Output
echo $out . " is " . $pcnt_off . "% off of " . $current_amount;
?>
http://codepad.org/RqF8cuvN
More specifically to your case:
<?php echo $program->current_amount() - 0.141 * $program->current_amount(); ?>
You can perform expressions inside an echo statement, yes; just wrap it in a (), so:
<?php echo ($program->current_amount() - .141); ?>
It may not even be necessary to use (). Incidentally, if your environment supports short tags, you can simply do:
<?= $program->current_amount() - .141 ?>
Keep in mind, though, that that code won't actually remove 14.1% from your number--you would want to multiply by .859.
i am trying the following code in order to get the tag value to both in anchor and title. but code is ok with anchor text but showing only single char in title..
$tag=$info['name']." from ".$info['city'];
echo' <td class="title1" bgcolor="#F7F7F7"> <a title='.$tag; echo' href=details/';
echo $info['friendly_url'];
echo' >';
echo $tag;
echo'</a></td>';
please note that the tag value is something like "David from NW";
Thanks for your help.
You need quotes around the title value, otherwise the parts after the space will be interpreted as a (malformed) HTML attribute.
echo '<td class="title1" bgcolor="#F7F7F7">';
echo '<a title="'.$tag.'" href="details/' . $info['friendly_url'] . '">';
echo $tag;
echo'</a></td>';
It is good practice to use quotes to surround your HTML attributes to avoid situations like this.
That is butt-ugly code. Repeated echoes get to be impossible to maintain in short order. You could use a HEREDOC and make it pretty/legible at the same time:
echo <<<EOL
<td class="title1" bgcolor="#F7F7F7">
<a title="$tag" href="details/{$info['friendly_url']}">$tag</a>
</td>
EOL;
Any modern PHP-aware IDE will properly color the variables. And note how you can use quotes and variables within the heredoc, without having to do any nasty string concatenation.