Cut string in PHP at nth-from-end occurrence of character - php

I have a string which can be written in a number of different ways, it will always follow the same pattern but the length of it can differ.
this/is/the/path/to/my/fileA.php
this/could/also/be/the/path/to/my/fileB.php
another/example/of/a/long/address/which/is/a/path/to/my/fileC.php
What I am trying to do is cut the string so that I am left with
path/to/my/file.php
I have some code which I got from this page and modified it to the following
$max = strlen($full_path);
$n = 0;
for($j=0;$j<$max;$j++){
if($full_path[$j]=='/'){
$n++;
if($n>=3){
break 1;
}
}
}
$path = substr($full_path,$j+1,$max);
Which basically cuts it at the 3rd instance of the '/' character, and gives me what is left. This was fine when I was working in one environment, but when I migrated it to a different server, the path would be longer, and so the cut would give me too long an address. I thought that rather than changing the hard coded integer value for each instance, it would work better if I had it cut the string at the 4th from last instance, as I always want to keep the last 4 'slashes' of information
Many thanks
EDIT - final code solution
$exploded_name = explode('/', $full_path);
$exploded_trimmed = array_slice($exploded_name, -4);
$imploded_name = implode('/', $exploded_trimmed);

just use explode with your string and if pattern is always the same then get last element of the array and your work is done
$pizza = "piece1/piece2/piece3/piece4/piece5/piece6";
$pieces = explode("/", $pizza);
echo $pieces[0]; // piece1
echo $pieces[1]; // piece2
Then reverse your array get first four elements of array and combine them using "implode"
to get desired string

This function below can work like a substr start from nth occurrence
function substr_after_nth($str, $needle, $key)
{
$array = explode($needle, $str);
$temp = array();
for ($i = $key; $i < count($array); $i++) {
$temp[] = $array[$i];
}
return implode($needle, $temp);
}
Example
$str = "hello-world-how-are-you-doing";
substr after 4th occurrence of "-" to get "you-doing"
call the function above as
echo substr_after_nth($str, "-", 4);
it will result as
you-doing

Related

how to get first two word from a sentence using php for loop

I am trying to get first two word from a sentence using php
$inp_val= "this is our country";
output will be : this is
// this input value has different string as Like: this, this is our, this name is mine
// i need to get only first two word or if anyone wrote only one word then i got same word but if any one wrote two or more word then it will collect only first two word..
I am trying with below code but it won't work properly..
$words = explode(' ', $inp_val);
$shop_name = "";
if (str_word_count($words) == 1) {
$shop_name .= mb_substr($words[0], 0, 1);
} else {
for ($i = 0; $i < 2; $i++) {
$w = $words[$i];
$shop_name .= mb_substr($w, 0, 1);
}
}
After exploding the input value by space (as you have done), you can use array_slice to extract the 2 first elements, then use the implode to concat the 2 elements as a string.
$inp_val = "this is our country";
$shop_name = implode(" ", array_slice(explode(' ', $inp_val), 0, 2));
echo $shop_name;
//OUTPUT: this is
This method that uses array_slice work well for one or more words

PHP remove values below a given value in a "|"-separated string

I have this value:
$numbers= "|800027|800036|800079|800097|800134|800215|800317|800341|800389"
And I want to remove the values below 800130 including the starting "|". I guess it is possible, but I can not find any examples anywhere. If anyone can point me to the right direction I would be thankful.
You could split the input string on pipe, then remove all array elements which, when cast to numbers, are less than 800130. Then, recombine to a pipe delimited string.
$input= "|800027|800036|800079|800097|800134|800215|800317|800341|800389";
$input = ltrim($input, '|');
$numbers = explode("|", $input);
$array = [];
foreach ($numbers as $number) {
if ($number >= 800130) array_push($array, $number);
}
$output = implode("|", $array);
echo "|" . $output;
This prints:
|800134|800215|800317|800341|800389
This should work as well:
$numbers= "|800027|800036|800079|800097|800134|800215|800317|800341|800389";
function my_filter($value) {
return ($value >= "800130");
}
$x = explode("|", $numbers); // Convert to array
$y = array_filter($x, "my_filter"); // Filter out elements
$z = implode("|", $y); // Convert to string again
echo $z;
Note that it's not necessary to have different variables (x,y,z). It's just there to make it a little bit easier to follow the code :)
PHP has a built in function preg_replace_callback which takes a regular expression - in your case \|(\d+) - and applies a callback function to the matched values. Which means you can do this with a simple comparison of each matched value...
$numbers= "|800027|800036|800079|800097|800134|800215|800317|800341|800389";
echo preg_replace_callback("/\|(\d+)/", function($match){
return $match[1] < 800130 ? "" : $match[0];
}, $numbers);
Use explode and implode functions and delete the values that are less than 80031:
$numbers= "|800027|800036|800079|800097|800134|800215|800317|800341|800389";
$values = explode("|", $numbers);
for ($i=1;$i<sizeof($values);$i++) {
if (intval($values[$i])<800130) {
unset($values[$i]);
}
}
// Notice I didn't start the $i index from 0 in the for loop above because the string is starting with "|", the first index value for explode is ""
// If you will not do this, you will get "|" in the end in the resulting string, instead of start.
$result = implode("|", $values);
echo $result;
It will print:
|800134|800215|800317|800341|800389
You can split them with a regex and then filter the array.
$numbers= "|800027|800036|800079|800097|800134|800215|800317|800341|800389";
$below = '|'.join('|', array_filter(preg_split('/\|/', $numbers, -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY), fn($n) => $n < 800130));
|800027|800036|800079|800097

No Output? PHP foreach doesn't seem to work

I am trying to form an acronym from a given text. The Idea here is that the first Letter in $text ($text[0]) will be taken and placed inside the array $storage using array_push(). Now, if there is a space inside the array, the letter of the next index should be a part of the Acronym. I am currently not getting an ouput, what am I missing?
public function Acronym($text)
{
$text = str_split($text);
$count = strlen($text);
$storage = array();
for($i=0; $i<$count; $i++)
{
array_push($storage, $text[0]);
if($text[$i]==' ')
{
array_push($storage, $text[$i+1]);
}
foreach($storage as $clean)
{
echo $clean;
}
}
}
Your algorithm suffers from a few fatal flaws:
You're calling strlen() on an array, when you should be calling count():
$text = str_split($text);
$count = count($text);
However, you can index strings as arrays, so you don't need str_split() in this scenario, and you can keep $count = strlen( $text); by removing the call to str_split().
This should only happen once, so it should be outside the loop (This implies starting $i at 1):
array_push($storage, $text[0]);
Your foreach loop that prints the $storage array should be outside of the loop that is creating the acronym.
You can save the overhead of calling a function by using the shorthand array_push() notation. You should use array_push() when adding more than one element to an array. Otherwise, this will suffice:
$storage[] = $text[0];
You need to return something from your function, otherwise you won't be able to access anything outside of it.
Put that all together, and you get this:
public function Acronym($text)
{
$count = strlen( $text);
$storage[] = $text[0];
for( $i = 1; $i < $count; $i++)
{
if( $text[$i] == ' ')
{
$storage[] = $text[$i+1]);
$i++; // Can increment $i here because we know the next character isn't a space
}
}
foreach($storage as $clean)
{
echo $clean;
}
return $storage;
}
That being said, there are far better implementations for forming an acronym giving a string input. Here is one that I can think of:
public function Acronym( $text)
{
$acronym = array();
foreach( explode( ' ', $text) as $word)
{
$word = trim( $word);
$acronym[] = strtoupper( $word[0]);
}
return implode( '', $acronym);
}
Note that both functions will fail for inputs like Hello World. I am leaving it up to the OP to make these modifications (if necessary).
str_split turns the string into an array.
str_length brings the length of a string which you have overwritten with an array already. you need count()
You overwrite your first variable $text
$count = strlen($text);
In this line $text is an array, because you changed it in the first line of your method.
Try inverting the two first lines:
$count = strlen($text);
$text = str_split($text);
Note
This will solve your secondary problem, and enable your algorithm to run without errors. It doesn't fix your algorithm, but at least you will be able to debug it now.
you are running your loop on $count which is getting its value from str_len its an array because of return on $text = str_split($text);
So you have overwritten your $text variable you can fix it by changing order get length first then split.

Split a string, remember the positions of splitting

Assume I have the following string:
I have | been very busy lately and need to go | to bed early
By splitting on "|", you get:
$arr = array(
[0] => I have
[1] => been very busy lately and need to go
[2] => to bed early
)
The first split is after 2 words, and the second split 8 words after that. The positions after how many words to split will be stored: array(2, 8, 3). Then, the string is imploded to be passed on to a custom string tagger:
tag_string('I have been very busy lately and need to go to bed early');
I don't know what the output of tag_string will be exactly, except that the total words will remain the same. Examples of output would be:
I have-nn been-vb very-vb busy lately and-rr need to-r go to bed early-p
I-ee have been-vb very busy-df lately-nn and need-f to go to bed-uu early-yy
This will lengthen the string by an unknown number of characters. I have no control over tag_string. What I know is (1) the number of words will be the same as before and (2) the array was split after 2, and thereafter after 8 words, respectively. I now need a solution explode the tagged string into the same array as before:
$string = "I have-nn been-vb very-vb busy lately and-rr need to-r go to bed early-p"
function split_string_again() {
// split after 2nd, and thereafter after 8th word
}
With output:
$arr = array(
[0] => I have-nn
[1] => been-vb very-vb busy lately and-rr need to-r go
[2] => to bed early-p
)
So to be clear (I wasn't before): I cannot split by remembering the strpos, because strpos before and after the string went through the tagger, aren't the same. I need to count the number of words. I hope I have made myself more clear :)
You wouldn't want to count the number of words, you would want to count the string length (strlen). If it is the same string without the pipes, then you want to split it with substr after a certain amount.
$strCounts = array();
foreach ($arr as $item) {
$strCounts[] = strlen($item);
}
// Later on.
$arr = array();
$i = 0;
foreach ($strCounts as $count) {
$arr[] = substr($string, $i, $count);
$i += $count; // increment the start position by the length
}
I have not tested this, simply a "theory" and probably has some kinks to work out. There may be a better way to go about it, I just don't know it.
Interesting question, although I think the rope data structure still applies it might be a little overkill since word placement won't change. Here is my solution:
$str = "I have | been very busy lately and need to go | to bed early";
function get_breaks($str)
{
$breaks = array();
$arr = explode("|", $str);
foreach($arr as $val)
{
$breaks[] = str_word_count($val);
}
return $breaks;
}
$breaks = get_breaks($str);
echo "<pre>" . print_r($breaks, 1) . "</pre>";
$str = str_replace("|", "", $str);
function rebreak($str, $breaks)
{
$return = array();
$old_break = 0;
$arr = str_word_count($str, 1);
foreach($breaks as $break)
{
$return[] = implode(" ", array_slice($arr, $old_break, $break));
$old_break += $break;
}
return $return;
}
echo "<pre>" . print_r(rebreak($str, $breaks), 1) . "</pre>";
echo "<pre>" . print_r(rebreak("I have-nn been-vb very-vb busy lately and-rr need to-r go to bed early-p", $breaks), 1) . "</pre>";
Let me know if you have any questions, but it is pretty self explanatory. There are definitely ways to improve this as well.
I'm not quite sure I understood what you actually wanted to achieve. But here are a couple of things that might help you:
str_word_count() counts the number of words in a string. preg_match_all('/\p{L}[\p{L}\p{Mn}\p{Pd}\x{2019}]*/u', $string, $foo); does pretty much the same, but on UTF-8 strings.
strpos() finds the first occurrence of a string within another. You could easily find the positions of all | with this:
$pos = -1;
$positions = array();
while (($pos = strpos($string, '|', $pos + 1)) !== false) {
$positions[] = $pos;
}
I'm still not sure I understood why you can't just use explode() for this, though.
<?php
$string = 'I have | been very busy lately and need to go | to bed early';
$parts = explode('|', $string);
$words = array();
foreach ($parts as $s) {
$words[] = str_word_count($s);
}

Split an array with a regular expression

I'm wondering if it is possible to truncate an array by using a regular expression.
In particular I have an array like this one:
$array = array("AaBa","AaBb","AaBc","AaCa","AaCb","AaCc","AaDa"...);
I have this string:
$str = "AC";
I'd like the slice of $array from the start to the last occurrence of a string matching /A.C./ (in the sample, "AaCc" at index 5):
$result = array("AaBa","AaBb","AaBc","AaCa","AaCb","AaCc");
How can I do this? I thought I might use array_slice, but I don't know how to use a RegEx with it.
Here's my bid
function split_by_contents($ary, $pattern){
if (!is_array($ary)) return FALSE; // brief error checking
// keep track of the last position we had a match, and the current
// position we're searching
$last = -1; $c = 0;
// iterate over the array
foreach ($ary as $k => $v){
// check for a pattern match
if (preg_match($pattern, $v)){
// we found a match, record it
$last = $c;
}
// increment place holder
$c++;
}
// if we found a match, return up until the last match
// if we didn't find one, return what was passed in
return $last != -1 ? array_slice($ary, 0, $last + 1) : $ary;
}
Update
My original answer has a $limit argument that served no purpose. I did originally have a different direction I was going to go with the solution, but decided to keep it simple. However, below is the version that implements that $limit. So...
function split_by_contents($ary, $pattern, $limit = 0){
// really simple error checking
if (!is_array($ary)) return FALSE;
// track the location of the last match, the index of the
// element we're on, and how many matches we have found
$last = -1; $c = 0; $matches = 0;
// iterate over all items (use foreach to keep key integrity)
foreach ($ary as $k => $v){
// text for a pattern match
if (preg_match($pattern, $v)){
// record the last position of a match
$last = $c;
// if there is a specified limit, capture up until
// $limit number of matches, then exit the loop
// and return what we have
if ($limit > 0 && ++$matches == $limit){
break;
}
}
// increment position counter
$c++;
}
I think the easiest way might be with a foreach loop, then using a regex against each value - happy to be proven wrong though!
One alternative could be to implode the array first...
$array = array("AaBa","AaBb","AaBc","AaCa","AaCb","AaCc","AaDa"...);
$string = implode('~~',$array);
//Some regex to split the string up as you want, guessing something like
// '!~~A.C.~~!' will match just what you want?
$result = explode('~~',$string);
If you'd like a hand with the regex I can do, just not 100% on exactly what you're asking - the "A*C*"-->"AaCc" bit I'm not too sure on?
Assuming incremental numeric indices starting from 0
$array = array("AaBa","AaBb","AaBc","AaCa","AaCb","AaCc","AaDa");
$str = "AC";
$regexpSearch = '/^'.implode('.',str_split($str)).'.$/';
$slicedArray = array_slice($array,
0,
array_pop(array_keys(array_filter($array,
function($entry) use ($regexpSearch) {
return preg_match($regexpSearch,$entry);
}
)
)
)+1
);
var_dump($slicedArray);
PHP >= 5.3.0 and will give a
Strict standards: Only variables should be passed by reference
And if no match is found, will still return the first element.

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