I have been searching Stack Overflow and the rest of the web, and I am starting to believe that there is no generic solution for undefined indexes.
I have a massive PHP application with several form and at the end of the script I call all the form's inputs and put them together to display a summary of all the inputs.
echo $_POST['FirstName'];
echo $_POST['MiddleName'];
echo $_POST['LastName'];
I know how to check each occurence like
if ( !isset($_POST['MiddleName']) ) { $_POST['MiddleName'] = '' }
Is there a way to automatically capture all undefined indexes and then set them to 0 or null?
It's as simple as looping trough an array of all indexes that may be defined:
$indexes_that_MUST_be_defined_but_can_be_empty = array(
'FirstName',
* * *
'LastName'
);
foreach($indexes_that_MUST_be_defined_but_can_be_empty as $index) {
if( ! isset($_POST[$index])) {
$_POST[$index] = NULL;
}
}
Or even you can preset different defaults like this:
$indexes_that_MUST_be_defined_but_can_be_empty = array(
'FirstName' => NULL,
* * *
'LastName' => NULL
);
$_POST = array_merge($indexes_that_MUST_be_defined_but_can_be_empty, $_POST);
If you really just want to suppress the warnings, you can use # like in:
echo htmlspecialchars(#$_POST['any_index']);
but I really don't recommend this.
EDIT:
Here's one more possible solution. A "magical" function that uses a pointer:
function null_if_not_defined(&$variable) {
return isset($variable) ? $variable : NULL;
}
// Usage:
echo htmlspecialchars(null_if_not_defined($_POST['any_index']));
You can do it using below function.
function setNullValue($arr)
{
$newarr = array();
foreach($arr as $key => $ar)
{
if($ar == "")
{
$newarr[$key] = 0;
}
else
{
$newarr[$key] = $ar;
}
}
return $newarr;
}
print_r(setNullValue($_POST));
If you want to show only those indexes with assigned values, you could do something like this:
foreach ($_POST as $index => $value) {
echo "{$index}: {$value}<br/>";
}
you can also create a simple function for this purpose:
$p = function($item) {
return isset($_POST[$item]) ? $_POST[$item] : null;
};
Now you can use it as such :
echo $p('MiddleName');
foreach($_POST as $key=>$value) {
if($value == "") $_POST[$key] = 0;
}
Related
I'm currently using this:
foreach($hash_list as $key => $val){
if(in_array($search_this,$hash_list[$key])){
echo 'Found value in key '.$key;
break;
}
}
To find $search_this in this:
$hash_list = array();
$hash_list["a"] = array("dfv8p","hi8o7","d2l9f","qhx13","c7duz");
$hash_list["b"] = array("pdsyt","jjivh","nj12b","19tm2","ltsqp");
$hash_list["c"] = array("67s6q","tlwu7","c9p77","7airj","j7tej");
Is there a better way to find the key for this situation? $hash_list has about 500 arrays with 5 elements each inside.
Deadpool: #Sergey No php built-in function that I'm missing?
I dont think so. But I think it's may be little faster, but I'm not sure
$hash_list = array();
$hash_list["a"] = "dfv8p, hi8o7, d2l9f, qhx13, c7duz";
$hash_list["b"] = "pdsyt, jjivh, nj12b, 19tm2, ltsqp";
$hash_list["c"] = "67s6q, tlwu7, c9p77, 7airj, j7tej";
foreach($hash_list as $key => $val){
if(strpos($hash_list[$key], $search_this) !== false) {
echo 'Found value in key '.$key;
break;
}
}
You can use user build functions like this
function isValueExist($hash_list,$needle){
foreach($hash_list as $val){
if(in_array($needle,array_values($val))) return 1;
}
}
Usage :-
if (isValueExist($hash_list,"d2l9f")){
//DO you things here
}
You can make use of list() too ;)
<?php
$hash_list = array();
$hash_list["a"] = array("dfv8p","hi8o7","d2l9f","qhx13","c7duz");
$hash_list["b"] = array("pdsyt","jjivh","nj12b","19tm2","ltsqp");
$hash_list["c"] = array("67s6q","tlwu7","c9p77","7airj","j7tej");
$searchParam = "67s6q";
while(list($a,$b) = each($hash_list))
{
if(in_array($searchParam,$b))
{
echo "$searchParam found in $a\n";
}
}
OUTPUT :
67s6q found in c
Is there a shortcut method to assigning $_GET['values'] to variables?
I currently do like others do:
if(isset($_GET['type'],$_GET['case'])
$type = $_GET['type'];
$case = $_GET['case'];
Is there a cleaner method to do this instead of doing like below separately.
$type = $_GET['type'];
$case = $_GET['case'];
http://docs.php.net/extract
I think you're looking for extract function.
extract($_GET); //now, all of the functions are in current symbol table
Well, with array map you can you get the case not just once, but all at once, and you can also check for isset() and empty() at the same time too.
Suppose, you have this URL: read.php?id=1&name=foo&job=student&country=Brazil
Your problem is fetching the $_GET type, and you may need to check if is it empty/isset or not right?
Well, first you create a function to iterate through it.
function checkGet($val){
return (isset($val) && !empty($val)) ? $val : null;
}
Then, you callback that function with array_map()
$check = array_map('checkGet', $_GET);
And that is it!
If you were to do var_dump($check); now, you would get get all the types, and values:
array (size=4)
'id' => string '1' (length=1)
'name' => string 'foo' (length=3)
'job' => string 'student' (length=7)
'country' => string 'Brazil' (length=6)
Meaning, after this, instad of doing:
if(isset($_GET['something']) && !empty($_GET['something']))
$var = $_GET['something'];
echo $var;
Just do:
echo $check['something']
The only one-line code I can think of, to make sure that you still do the necessary checks, is
$type = (isset($_GET['type'])) ? $_GET['type'] : 'a default value or false';
Reading comments, I understand you may want to do this:
foreach($_GET as $key=>$value) {
$$key = $value;
}
I would suggest though, to always initialize the variables you need only. The above code will result in getting unknown variables, which may actually give the user a way to manipulate your script.
Example:
index.php?ExpectedVar=1&UserDefinedVar=2
will generate the following variables in your code:
$ExpectedVar // 1 <- you wanted this one
$UserDefinedVar // 2 <- but what about this?
What if you had this script called by some other script?
Then even if you have this code at the top of your file, you may have some variables overwritten from a user defined $_GET!
Disaster case Scenario:
script1.php
<?php
$tableToDelete = "old_products";
include("script2.php");
?>
script2.php
<?php
foreach($_GET as $key=>$value) {
$$key = $value;
}
// user added &tableToDelete=users
// DROP TABLE $table
// will gloriously delete users
?>
Instead by writing a few lines with the original code I posted, you can get the variables you need at the start of your php script and use them with a clear mind.
Try like
foreach($_GET as $key=>$value) {
$get_arr[$key] = $_GET[$key];
}
print_r($get_arr);
I would do it that way, this way you make sure that it will only return TRUE or FALSE
if (!isset($_GET['type']) || empty($_GET['type'])) {
// Display error
} else {
$type = $_GET['type'];
$case = $_GET['case'];
}
Or you can do it that way as well
$type = (isset($_GET['type'])===false)?'':trim($_GET['type']);
$case = (isset($_GET['case'])===false)?'':trim($_GET['case']);
$_GET is table, so you can easy use foreach function
For example
foreach ($_GET as $key => $value) {
... = $value;
}
If you would like to create variables with $key names use variable variables
PHP Manual Variable Variables
You can do it through extract()
extract($_GET, EXTR_PREFIX_ALL, 'g');
so that
$_GET['val'] becomes $g_val
Note the third parameter: g it prepends g_ to the keys.
This (untested) class should help you:
class MyGet {
public static $myValues = array();
public static function setMyValues($keywords, $where) {
MyGet::$myValues = array();
for ($index = 0; $index < count($keywords); $index++) {
if ((!(isset($where[$keywords[$index]]))) || (empty($where[$keywords[$index]]))) {
MyGet::$myValues = array();
return false;
}
MyGet::$myValues[$keywords[$index]] = $where[$keywords[$index]];
}
}
}
You can use it like this:
if (MyGet::setMyValues(array(0 => "type", 1 => "case"), $_GET)) {
//the values are initialized
} else {
//the values are not initialized
}
I want to pass one argument to a function, rather than multiple arguments, that tend to grow unexpectedly. So I figure an array will get the job done. Here's what I've drafted so far...
<?php
function fun_stuff($var){
// I want to parse the array in the function, and use
}
$my = array();
$my['recordID'] = 5;
$my['name'] = 'John Smith';
$my['email'] = 'john#someemail.com';
echo fun_stuff($my);
?>
I haven't quite grasped the concept of parsing an array. And this is a good way for me to learn. I generally pass the same variables, but on occasion a record does not have an email address, so I do need to make a condition for missing keys.
Am I doing this right so far? Can I pass an array as an argument to a function?
And if so, how do I parse and search for existing keys?
Hopefully this isn't too far off topic...but you sounded like you were just trying to avoid multiple parameters when some can be NULL. So, I would recommend that you use an object instead of an array for clarity...that way, there is no confusion as to what properties should exist. If you're using PHP 5, you can also strongly type the parameter so nothing else can get in. So:
class Record {
public $Id;
public $Name;
public $Email
}
function fun_stuff( Record $record ) {
// you will now have better intellisense if you use an IDE
// and other develoers will be able to see intended parameters
// clearly, while an array would require them to know what's
// intended to be there.
if( !empty($record->Email) ) {
// do whatever.
}
}
Yes you are on the right track. The approach I take is put required paramters as the first parameters and all optional parameters in the last argument which is an array.
For example:
function fun_stuff($required1, $required2, $var = array()) {
// parse optional arguments
$recordId = (key_exists('recordID', $var) ? $var['recordId'] : 'default value');
$name = (key_exists('name', $var) ? $var['name'] : 'default value');
$email = (key_exists('email', $var) ? $var['email'] : 'default value');
}
Then you can call your function like so:
fun_stuff('val 1', 'val 2', array(
'recordId' => 1,
'name' => 'John',
'email' => 'john#stackoverflow.com'
));
This is a bad design practice, but that's not the question here. You can "parse" array's like so...
if( array_key_exists( 'email', $var ))
{
// use email field
}
If you need to, you can loop through all elements like so...
foreach( $var as $key => $value )
{
echo '$var[\''.$key.'\'] = '.$value;
}
I'm not recommend you to use array for this.
You can define optional arguments with default values:
//$name and $email are optional here
function fun($record_id, $name='', $email='')
{
if (empty($name)) print '$name is empty';
}
//Usage:
fun(5, 'Robert');
fun(5);
fun(5, 'Robert', 'robert#gmail');
fun(3,'','robert#gmail');
If you will use array, IDE will not be able to show autocomplete suggestions, it means more typos, and you have to remember all keys of this array forever or look at code of the function each time.
I'm not really sure what you want to achieve, but I suspect something like this:
$aPersons = array();
$aPersons[] = array('name' => 'name1', 'age' => 1);
$aPersons[] = array('name' => 'name2', 'age' => 2);
array_map('parsePerson', $aPersons);
function parsePerson($aPerson) {
echo $aPerson['name'];
echo $aPerson['age'];
}
The problem with your current array is that it only has one dimension.
You can simple do echo $my['name'];. There are easier ways to parse arrays though.
foreach($aPersons as $aPerson) {
echo $aPerson['name'];
echo $aPerson['age'];
}
$iLength = sizeof($aPersons);
for($i = 0; $i <= $iLength; $i++) {
echo $aPersons[$i]['name'];
echo $aPersons[$i]['age'];
}
To parse and view, there is the signficant print_r function which gives out the array details.
When calling a function you need the return syntax at the end that will parse out anything you call in the return.
You obviously can pass array to the function. Inside it read the variable as you were assigning values before it. If you assign:
$my['key'] = 'value';
In you function use:
echo $var['key'];
Why you don't use a foreach to walk in array?
function fun_stuff($var){
foreach($var as $key => $item){
echo '[', $key, "] => ", $item, "\n";
}
}
$my = array();
$my['recordID'] = 5;
$my['name'] = 'John Smith';
$my['email'] = 'john#someemail.com';
fun_stuff($my);
Yes, this is correct (though your question is a bit broad). You're already referencing the array values via indexes when you set up the $my variable. You can do the same thing within your function (with the $var variable).
I recommend taking a look at all of PHP's built-in array functions: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.array.php
Try this:
function fun_stuff($var){
// I want to parse the array in the function, and use
$fun_string = "";
if( is_array( $var ) {
if( array_key_exists( "name", $var ) )
$fun_string .= "For " . $var["name"];
else $fun_string .= "A nameless one ";
if( array_key_exists( "email", $var ) )
$fun_string .= " (email: " . $var["email"] . ")";
else $fun_string .= " without a known e-mail address";
if( array_key_exists( "recordID", $var ) )
$fun_string .= " has record ID of " . $var["recordID"];
else $fun_string .= " has no record ID set";
$fun_string .= "\n";
}
return $fun_string;
}
Yes You can! Just pass the array and inside the function just use a foreach loop to parse it!
function myFunction($array)
{
foreach($array as $value)
{
echo $value;
}
}
or If you want to have full control over the pair key/value:
function myFunction($array)
{
foreach($array as $key=>$value)
{
echo "key:".$array[$key]."value:".$values;
}
}
My goal is to echo the argument passed to a function. For example, how can this be done?
$contact_name = 'foo';
function do_something($some_argument){
// echo 'contact_name' .... How???
}
do_something($contact_name);
You can't. If you want to do that, you need to pass the names as well, e.g:
$contact_name = 'foo';
$contact_phone = '555-1234';
function do_something($args = array()) {
foreach ($args as $name => $value) {
echo "$name: $value<br />";
}
}
do_something(compact('contact_name', 'contact_phone'));
Straight off the PHP.net variables page:
<?php
function vname(&$var, $scope=false, $prefix='unique', $suffix='value')
{
if($scope) $vals = $scope;
else $vals = $GLOBALS;
$old = $var;
$var = $new = $prefix.rand().$suffix;
$vname = FALSE;
foreach($vals as $key => $val) {
if($val === $new) $vname = $key;
}
$var = $old;
return $vname;
}
?>
Not possible.
Variables are just means to address values or areas in the memory. You cannot get the variable name that’s value has been passed to a function.
Disclaimer: this will oonly work if you pass a variable to the function, not a value, and it only works when your not in a function or a class. So only the GLOBAL scope works :)
Good funct($var)
Bad funct(1)
You can do it actually contrary to popular believe ^_^. but it involves a few lookup tricks with the $GLOBALS variable.
you do it like so:
$variable_name = "some value, better if its unique";
function funct($var) {
foreach ($GLOBALS as $name => $value) {
if ($value == $var) {
echo $name; // will echo variable_name
break;
}
}
}
this method is not fool proof tho. Because if two variables have the same value, the function will get the name of the first one it finds. Not the one you want :P
Its best to make the variable value unique before hand if you want accuracy on variable names
Another method would be to use reference to be accurate like so
$variable_name = 123;
function funct(&$var) {
$old = $var;
$var = $checksum = md5(time()); // give it unique value
foreach ($GLOBALS as $name => $value) {
if ($value == $var) {
echo $name; // will echo variable_name
$var = $old; // reassign old value
break;
}
}
}
so it is entirely possible :)
Based on PTBNL's (most definately correct) answer i came up with a more readable (at least i think so) approach:
/**
* returns the name of the variable posted as the first parameter.
* If not called from global scope, pass in get_defined_vars() as the second parameter
*
* behind the scenes:
*
* this function only works because we are passing the first argument by reference.
* 1. we store the old value in a known variable
* 2. we overwrite the argument with a known randomized hash value
* 3. we loop through the scope's symbol table until we find the known value
* 4. we restore the arguments original value and
* 5. we return the name of the symbol we found in the table
*/
function variable_name( & $var, array $scope = null )
{
if ( $scope == null )
{
$scope = $GLOBALS;
}
$__variable_name_original_value = $var;
$__variable_name_temporary_value = md5( number_format( microtime( true ), 10, '', '' ).rand() );
$var = $__variable_name_temporary_value;
foreach( $scope as $variable => $value )
{
if ( $value == $__variable_name_temporary_value && $variable != '__variable_name_original_value' )
{
$var = $__variable_name_original_value;
return $variable;
}
}
return null;
}
// prove that it works:
$test = 1;
$hello = 1;
$world = 2;
$foo = 100;
$bar = 10;
$awesome = 1;
function test_from_local_scope()
{
$local_test = 1;
$local_hello = 1;
$local_world = 2;
$local_foo = 100;
$local_bar = 10;
$local_awesome = 1;
return variable_name( $local_awesome, get_defined_vars() );
}
printf( "%s\n", variable_name( $awesome, get_defined_vars() ) ); // will echo 'awesome'
printf( "%s\n", test_from_local_scope() ); // will also echo awesome;
Sander has the right answer, but here is the exact thing I was looking for:
$contact_name = 'foo';
function do_something($args = array(), $another_arg) {
foreach ($args as $name => $value) {
echo $name;
echo '<br>'.$another_arg;
}
}
do_something(compact(contact_name),'bar');
class Someone{
protected $name='';
public function __construct($name){
$this->name=$name;
}
public function doSomthing($arg){
echo "My name is: {$this->name} and I do {$arg}";
}
}
//in main
$Me=new Someone('Itay Moav');
$Me->doSomething('test');
I'm working on a program that uses PHP's internal array pointers to iterate along a multidimensional array. I need to get an element from the current row, and I've been doing it like so:
$arr[key($arr)]['item']
However, I'd much prefer to use something like:
current($arr)['item'] // invalid syntax
I'm hoping there's a function out there that I've missed in my scan of the documentation that would enable me to access the element like so:
getvalue(current($arr), 'item')
or
current($arr)->getvalue('item')
Any suggestions?
I very much doubt there is such a function, but it's trivial to write
function getvalue($array, $key)
{
return $array[$key];
}
Edit: As of PHP 5.4, you can index array elements directly from function expressions, current($arr)['item'].
Have you tried using one of the iterator classes yet? There might be something in there that does exactly what you want. If not, you can likely get what you want by extending the ArrayObject class.
This function might be a bit lenghty but I use it all the time, specially in scenarious like:
if (array_key_exists('user', $_SESSION) === true)
{
if (array_key_exists('level', $_SESSION['user']) === true)
{
$value = $_SESSION['user']['level'];
}
else
{
$value = 'DEFAULT VALUE IF NOT EXISTS';
}
}
else
{
$value = 'DEFAULT VALUE IF NOT EXISTS';
}
Turns to this:
Value($_SESSION, array('user', 'level'), 'DEFAULT VALUE IF NOT EXISTS');
Here is the function:
function Value($array, $key = 0, $default = false)
{
if (is_array($array) === true)
{
if (is_array($key) === true)
{
foreach ($key as $value)
{
if (array_key_exists($value, $array) === true)
{
$array = $array[$value];
}
else
{
return $default;
}
}
return $array;
}
else if (array_key_exists($key, $array) === true)
{
return $array[$key];
}
}
return $default;
}
PS: You can also use unidimensional arrays, like this:
Value($_SERVER, 'REQUEST_METHOD', 'DEFAULT VALUE IF NOT EXISTS');
If this does not work, how is your multidimensional array composed? A var_dump() might help.
$subkey = 'B';
$arr = array(
$subkey => array(
'AB' => 'A1',
'AC' => 'A2'
)
);
echo current($arr[$subkey]);
next($arr[$subkey]);
echo current($arr[$subkey]);
I often use
foreach ($arr as $key=>$val) {
$val['item'] /*$val is the value of the array*/
$key /*$key is the key used */
}
instead of
next($arr)/current($arr)