AngularJS and PHP backend - php

Maybe it's not a real question, rather is's a discussion. I decided to learn angular, using a simple task, build a blog system. And i have a few questions.
Lest imagine that the php app will have the MVC structure, so i have some questions:
Should i build my back-end only as RESTFUL app, and use json response\request upon the angular and php?
What about the view in php app, i should use them with ng-init?
Routing, server side or client side?
What about caching?
And the last, but not the least, where i should put the logic about data that user will input?
Can someone give me the instructions or directions, about this things, and maybe useful link's to read the articles, to combine the php and angular, or maybe i'm doing it in the wrong way?

You might want to consider this type of application as actually TWO applications.
The first is the backend, the API. You can use your PHP framework to build an API that will allow you to have data persistency, validation (business logic), etc... and forget about the front end for now, you are only building an API for the backend data.
The second part of the app is the AngularJS frontend. This includes all of the views and everything that the client sees. None of that is coming from the backend.
This allows you to use the backend API (the PHP bit) to act as the data store, with it's own validation for safety, while having the seamless user experience and basic client side validation from AngularJS.
Routing is AngularJS, as that is the actual frontend that the client is using.
Caching can be done (if needed) in the backend, your API.
Validation will happen in both the frontend and the backend, although they can be slightly different if need be.
Remember, you build the backend strictly as an API, without consideration for the frontend (as if there will be more than one app using it), so it will have it's own validation rules and logic.
Hope that helps.

I have found a very simple structure that allows me to utilize Angular with PHP and restful api's. I use Angularjs for all views. I use a restful PHP API framework called slim to facilitate the communications between Angular and the PHP models which I use Doctorine2 for.
85% of my coding is done with Angular(Views). 5% done with the API(controller) and the remaining 10% configuring business logic in the Models. Great separation of concerns and not much overhead. Simple and concise.

Related

Principle of loading data to REACT.JS

Coming from non-JS html interpretation it's kind of hard for me to grasp the concept of loading server-side data to REACT.JS "view".
Let's say I've have a site built on Laravel (using routes). Each route request (e.g. "/", "contact") has it's own view. That view is loaded with data coming from a controller and displayed in the view. If I change the route I'll be redirected to another view and I'll get different data from a different controller.
Now the question. Let's say I have a simple site. Top part is my login information and maybe some notifications icon the content of the page changes with going to different sections of the web.
So If I keep using Laravel routes. Every page will be "re-rendered" + I'll have to manually select which components belong to that part of the site. I'll have to retrieve the information that stays the same from the whole web (e.g. login details + notification) again - this kills the react.js principle doesn't it?
Also, what is the best way to propagate server-site data to React.JS? Should I just "echo" out JSON object to the view and then "use" it in REACT?
Could I be pointed to some meaningful approach of how to use React.js along with PHP.
You mostly answered your question :-) With Laravel, the UI is rendered on the server. React is mostly interesting for client-side UI. That said, not everything can be done on the server, and some user interactions can only be managed by the browser. That is why jQuery became so successful in addition to PHP.
If your app deliver some complex client-side code, it could be usefull to build this code as React components, even if you keep your current server-side router: to make the code easier to maintain, but also to write - once familiar with React way of implementing things.
If you would like to transform your app to fully use React and a client-side router, that enable browsing the app without re-rendering at each page, this is called SPA (single page apps). The react ecosystem is pretty cool for building SPA. Usually, though, the server is just a static server delivering JS files, and the app connects to a REST API of some kind.
In some cases, routes can also be served from the server, for specific purposes:
Faster display of first page
Social Graph tags can be added to the specific page (to enable usable Facebook
or Twitter shares, for example)
Should you need to enable this server-side routing, which makes your app universal or isomorphic, you must use components that can be understood by both the browser and the server, this is why React app are usually served by Node.js, so everything is in Javascript.
Example tutorial about building a universal app with React https://medium.com/front-end-developers/handcrafting-an-isomorphic-redux-application-with-love-40ada4468af4#.h8p6lc23w (your intuition is right in this case, a JSON object with app current data is sent at first render)
Also check the awesome react page (https://github.com/enaqx/awesome-react) if you're interested in the React ecosystem.
Recap:
PHP + React: Easily add complex components to some pages, better to keep it that way if you just have a lot of static content, SEO, and just a few complex components on a single page that React can help you with.
React + API: Common SPA app, better for rich and complex UI, pretty easy to develop if starting from scratch and familiar with javascript, but complexity arise with performance management and SEO on large apps
Universal React: the best of both worlds, setup kinda complex (cf tutorial)

Do I need REST for a web service that requires no authenciation?

Im confused regarding the need of REST for a web service.Im a noob when it comes to web service,the scalability etc.
This is my requirement
-Need to fetch some data eg:names of students in a class and their photographs plus their address and stuff
-There is no authenciation/Tokens required since the data is publicly available
My question is
-Do i need to use REST for this? Will MYSQL+PHP Webservice that communicates using HTTP GET and POST do the job?
-If i go with this approach will this affect the performance of the app,when there is bulk data and will it scale?The maximum number of users that may be using the app is just 50 at a time.
-Does REST offer significant advantages,since i dont know JSON and stuff,will it payoff the learning curve?
It's better to use REST. You can just post your data as HTTP or as JSON and then process this data in your function and return result as JSON .
I recommend you to use CakePHP or Yii because it's easy to use.
In case of bulk transaction you can use MongoDb as your database.
What I would say is that REST describes a way to leverage HTTP features and use them in an optimal way. Otherwise you don't have to use all the REST mechanisms to implement a RESTful application.
I think that this link could help you to understand how to implement a Web API (i.e. a RESTful application):
Designing a Web API: https://templth.wordpress.com/2014/12/15/designing-a-web-api/
Here are my answers to your questions:
REST doesn't require an authentication to access resources. However REST integrates authentication mechanisms based on the HTTP header Authorization.
REST describes good practices in using HTTP but of course, you're free to use it as you want ;-) REST recommends to use the HTTP methods for what they actually are. To be short, GET to retrieve data, PUT / POST to update data (POST mainly to add data and PUT to update them) and DELETE to delete data. POST can also be used for what we can see as actions. REST also uses specific URIs with path variables. If I use your example, the URI for a list of students within a class would be: /classrooms/<classid>/students. REST also define a mechanism to request specific content format such as JSON based on the header Accept. In fact, you're generally familiar with most of these aspects if you implement Web applications for some years and REST provides you a way to design your application to leverage them at best.
Regarding performance, I would say no. One of the key aspect of REST is that RESTful applications are stateless. No state must be handled on the server side. This allows applications to scale more readily. I don't see any reason for bad performances regarding bulk updates. In fact, it's up to you to handle them. REST leaves the choice of the data format content sent to the server and the way to handle them efficiently on the server side. You can consider using either synchronous and asynchronous approach. For the asynchronous approach, you should return an HTTP status code 202. This approach can allow you to control the work load of updates for concurrent users. You could add the bulk updates to a queue and handle them after one per one in a separate process or thread. An example of RESTful application that uses bulk updates is ElasticSearch. See this link: http://www.elasticsearch.org/guide/en/elasticsearch/guide/current/bulk.html.
The main advantage of REST is that it allows you to leverage HTTP mechanisms at best. Another thing that comes to mind is that there is now some tools allowing you to generate client kits to consume your application and generate documentations about the contract of your RESTful applications. See Swagger (Swagger, Swagger UI, Swagger Codegen) and RAML. These links can help you: http://swagger.io/ and http://raml.org/. Another tool, Restlet Studio (http://studio.restlet.com/#/), can help you to understand all these concepts since it comes with a sample application. Regarding the learning curve, I don't think that it's too much important since if you already implement web application, you know most of concepts.
Regarding the format you would use for content, JSON seems to be a good fit. However REST doesn't enforce any content kind. It provides a mechanism to request a specific content (Conneg, i.e. content negotiation based on the header Accept) but you don't have to use it. REST let you the way to manage this content within your application.
Hope it heps you,
Thierry
You can implement any protocol you want to do that, but using REST ensure you are following a common procedure which will make your application more maintainable.
The amount of resources used depends how do you implement the queries and responses on the server-side.
You should learn that, it will improve your knowledge as you can learn together other patterns (gateway, repository, MVC) to make your server-side professional and maintainable.
My suggestion for your application is implementing the server-side using a framework such as Laravel (I recommend), CakePHP or similar. I say that because your app seems to be just interaction with pre-defined models.

PHP Backend Framework for Mobile Web (jQuery) Android and iOS Applications

So I have a simple jQuery Mobile site interfacing with a MySQL database via PHP. Users orders are queried initially, then updated using the mobile web interface. I am not using any PHP framework, just 7 or 8 PHP files I've written for retrieving, updating, creating, and deleting order records.
As I begin to develop the Android and iOS applications, I realized it would be beneficial to have a PHP backend framework that can handle requests to create/read/update/delete my orders and users records from any of the 3 sources without caring which one it is. I want to create a layer of abstraction between the server side database handling and each of the 3 mobile interfaces. I envision being able to make a POST call from the client side, passing a TYPE argument and a JSON array of the data to a generic page like /myserver/mRequest.php, which would determine what to do based on TYPE and handle the processing, returning a STATUS variable and a JSON array of data back to the client.
Is there a good (preferably free) PHP framework that will help layout the backend? I've looked at Zend and a few others, but they seem pretty heavy and intended for desktop sites. I want to minimize the number of calls to the server as well as the amount of data thats sent back and forth (we all know how slow Verizon 3G is).
I'm hoping theres some lightweight framework out there that can be a skeleton for me to organize CRUD functions, check for null values, handle MySQL errors, etc...
If not, a guide to developing a PHP mobile backend would be the next best thing.
Note: I apologize it there is a thread already asking this, but I couldn't find one that I thought fit.
Almost any of the major free frameworks would do the trick, Symfony for example handles regular page templating for your jQM pages and handles ajax nicely too.
However, if you only require the framework for the AJAX handling and something broader, you might be advised to develop your simple scripts, with less effort and less of a learning curve (of course, the learning may be part and parcel of your plan).
Another option is a Data Abstraction layer between your scripts and your PHP, this would give you greater flexibility in terms of your data changes, but not burden you with a hefty framework in between. Propel and Doctrine are worth a look and are often used as part of web frameworks.
I personally really like CodeIgniter, which is a very clean and powerfull lightweight PHP framework with easy database-access.
Just have a look at it.
Greetings,
Steffen

Backbone and PHP Model Code Duplicate

So I have decided to take a project I have been working on, and project management system, and convert it from a standard multi-paged application to a single-page application. In the process I have looked at a number of javascript MV*ish frameworks (ember, knockout, backbone, etc...) and have decided to go with backbone.js as it seems the most flexible solution and that I already use underscore.js for both its utilities and template system.
The one biggest concern I have with doing this is the potential code duplication I am going to have for model and business/domain logic in both my PHP models and in my backbone models.
This is just a technical cost I have pay when going with an architecture like this or are there some things I can do to lessen this concern?
You may want to take a look at a previous question I answered involving Node.js:
Reusing backbone views/routes on the server when using Backbone.js pushstate for seo/bookmarking
What I'm currently doing right now is using Davis.js + Mustache + Java Spring MVC backened (based on my original question: Single page Web App in Java framework or examples?).
If the browser does not support Pushstate then I have the server do the entire rendering of the page using a Java version of Mustache (ie standard Web 1.0). If the browser does support Pushstate then the browser will make an AJAX request for a JSON version of the model. The model is then rendered client side use icanhz (ie javascript mustache).
This works fairly well if a large part of your logic is getting a model an then rendering it based on specific URL. That is your business logic is "based on some URL I'm going to render this". This is how most of the sites on the web work (including this one which is still rather web 1.0). Obviously this would not work for say something like real time chat or HTML5 game.
A python version of this design is mentioned here: http://duganchen.ca/single-page-web-app-architecture-done-right/
I'm sure someone has done a PHP version.
If you are using different languages in server and in client I think there is not possibility to avoid this partial logic duplication you are concern on.
If you definitely want to use same code in server and client you have to move all of it to the only common language: JavaScript.
There are multiple JS frameworks those integrate very transparently the development between server and client: derby, meteor, ...

Architecture: API as core for a website & mobile-app

I have different questions about a full architecture idea. I hope someone with great experience could help me out because I am pretty much getting stuck in all possibilities.
I'm planning to rewrite a community website. Our customer wants to make use of native mobile apps in the future. So I will need to take this into account. Because of this I have decided to create a 100% REST API architecture based on the PHP framework Kohana. I have choosen Kohana because this makes scaling the internal API to a other server very easily without much extra effort. (Kohana threats internal url requests not as HTTP so there isn't much overhead in the beginning and can scale to HTTP with some minor code changes).
At first the API will be private, but later on we might make it public to let more services connect to us easily.
De basic REST structure is as follow:
/cats
/cats/1
/cats/1/custom
'custom' could be 'childs' for instance.
same goes for:
/ads
/bids
/users
/banners
etc..
These are perfect entities for the API because the mobile app will definitely use all this functionality.
So we can conclude the core of the website is REST. So basically I want to make the website a client of the API just like the native app in the future. This way maintenance seems much easier.
What worries me though is the fact that there is much more than this (managing uploaded files, invoicing, automails for invoicing, automails for ads and so on). Uploading files needs to go through the website to the API. Is this common practice? If I do not do this, the website would do upload logic, which makes the site no client anymore and the app itself. Hence the mobile app can't even upload and both API and website need to know the upload folder (duplicate logic).
I thought of creating the following modules:
community-api
community-website
Api seems to be the core then. But.... what about cronjobs etc? Actually they should not be part of the website, as this is just a 'client'. I feel they should interact directly with the model or API. So basically the API gets more like a gateway to the core and thought I need this:
community-core
Models
Cronjobs
Auto Mailings (part of cronjobs)
Invoices etc
community-api
Interact with models in core through HTTP
community-website
Website
Admin
The core cronjobs are a exception to the REST structure. They are the only one that can change data without going through the api. At least that was my idea because they belong in the core and API is on top of the core.
But by design that seems just wrong. Manipulating should only go through the API!
Alternative:
community-core
Models
community-api
Interact with models in core through HTTP
community business
Cronjobs
Auto Mailings (part of cronjobs)
Invoices etc
community-website
Website
Admin
This look better by design to me.
(source: mauserrifle.nl)
Main Questions
1)
Should cronjobs manipulate through the API or Core models?
2)
My invoice cronjob needs a template pretty much the style of main website of course. But if my cronjob is part of business or core it won't have knowledge of my main website. What makes sense to solve this?
3)
My website will be using mustache as a template engine. (both php and javascript can parse these templates). I thought using the api directly for ajax calls but then realized:
The site gets data from api, formats timestamps to dates (Y-m-d) for the template and then renders. If I let javascript call the api directly, javascript must have logic too (formatting). This is duplicate code! Feels like the only solution is calling the website for ajax (which calls the api and formats) and returns the formatted json. Am I right?
But.... simple calls like deleting a ad can go through the api directly (e.g. DELETE: /ads/1
I get a mix of calls....
Any better solution for this?
4)
Overall: Is my architecture too complex? Any alternatives I should consider?
I would love to hear your feedback!
Once I've heard that a good way to develop a web application is to develop an API-Centric Web Application. The thing is, to me, if you couple the main service to the public API, building an API-Centric application, you lose the whole point of developing a public API at all.
This doesn't seem logical to me.
Yes, the API and the website and what ever might come next are separate things and website should be a client to the API itself but since it will simplify things greate, I believe that you should RE-USE the domain-classes to build and base your web-site logic. This way you can use all the same code base and handle all your issues including ads, invoicing and of course file uploads with ease.
For the public API, it should be on a separate box if possible re-using the same domain classes but with different authentication methods so that whatever problem might occur, it won't affect the main service.
Your cron-jobs should only be used to fire the call through the API itself and those calls should be made on the main app (website through the API)
If you build your website without repeating-yourself, as in, using the same code as the base and wrapping the web-app around it, you won't have the issue raising in q#2.
Same thing applies for question number 3. If you wrap the website around the API, the website can use the api itself without being a separate entity.
Your architecture seems complex but if you do these things, it will be simple. ;-)
Good luck!
REST is just one way to initiate a request. Your core code that processes the request shouldn't be tightly coupled to the REST interface, or HTTP for that matter. I would advise designing your REST API as a simple mapper to an include file or something similar. Your cron could then bypass the whole REST API and just include the file directly. Separate the request interface from the code that does the actual processing.

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