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Suppose a number is given which is of positive integer type, e.g: 312. Please help me to write a program in PHP which convert that given number to a new number having same number of digits and all the digits of the new number must be equal to any of the digits of the given number (e.g: 333, 111, 222 by either decrementing or incrementing each digit by 1 at a time only). But print only that sequence of digits which takes lesser number of steps to generate the sequence and also print the number of steps taken to generate that sequence.
Explanation:
Input: A positive integer N (e.g: 312)
converting the number(312) to the sequence of 3
3 2 2
3 3 2
3 3 3
here number of steps = 3
Now, converting the number(312) to the sequence of 1
2 1 2
1 1 2
1 1 1
here number of steps = 3
and finally converting the number(312) to the sequence of 2
2 1 2
2 2 2
here number of steps = 2
So, Output: 222
Number of steps: 2
Here's what I tried but lost
<?php
$num = 312;
$arr_num = array_map('intval', str_split($num));
//steps taken for each sequence will be stored in this array
$steps = array();
//printing number
for($i = 0; $i < count($arr_num); $i++)
echo $arr_num[$i];
//calculation
for($i = 0; $i < count($arr_num); $i++) {
$count = 0;
for($j = 0; $j < count($arr_num); $j++) {
if($arr_num[$i] == $arr_num[$j])
++$j;
elseif($arr_num[$i] > $arr_num[$j]) {
while($arr_num[$j] != $arr[$i]) {
$arr_num[$j] += 1;
$count++;
}
}
else {
while($arr_num[$j] != $arr_num[$i]) {
$arr_num[$j] -= 1;
$count++;
}
}
}
//pushing the count to steps array for each sequence
array_push($steps, $count);
}
//I am stuck here...can't find the further solution
?>
This works (according to my very quick testing)):
$intIn = 312;
# function changeDigits( $intIn ) { // uncomment for function
$digits = str_split( $intIn ); // convert to array of digits
$numerOfDigits = count($digits);
$numberOfSteps = array();
# check each digit in number
for ($i=0; $i < $numerOfDigits; $i++) {
$numberOfSteps[$i] = 0;
$currentDigit = $digits[$i];
# count the number of inc/decrements to change the other digits to this digit
foreach($digits as $otherDigit) {
if ($currentDigit > $otherDigit) $numberOfSteps[$i] += $currentDigit - $otherDigit;
if ($currentDigit < $otherDigit) $numberOfSteps[$i] += $otherDigit - $currentDigit;
}
}
$digitKey = array_search( min($numberOfSteps), $numberOfSteps );
echo 'Number of Steps: ' . $numberOfSteps[$digitKey] . PHP_EOL; // (or '<br>')
echo 'New number = ' . str_repeat( $digits[$digitKey], $numerOfDigits );
#}
# changeDigits(312);
Demo
I devepled this code. please have a look once
<?php
function find_output($input)
{
$digits = str_split($input);
foreach ($digits as $index => $d) {
$new_array = $digits;
unset($new_array[$index]);
$sum = 0;
foreach ($new_array as $value) {
$sum += abs($d - $value);
}
$final_array[$d] = $sum;
}
$steps = min($final_array);
echo "steps : " . $steps . '<br>';
$final_value = array_search(min($final_array), $final_array);
echo "Output: " . implode(array_fill(0, count($digits), $final_value));
}
find_output(819);
?>
<?php
class SeqSolver
{
public function solve($str_num)
{
if(!ctype_digit($str_num))
throw new Exception('Invalid input. Input string must contain digits between 0 and 9 only.');
$digits = str_split($str_num);
$length = count($digits);
foreach(array_unique($digits) as $digit)
$results[$digit] = $this->stepsToSequence($str_num, $digit);
//var_export($results);
$min_keys = array_keys($results, min($results));
// Prepare result
$result['input'] = $str_num;
foreach($min_keys as $key)
$result['solutions'][] = [
'sequence' => str_repeat($key, $length),
'steps' => $results[$key]
];
return $result;
}
public function stepsToSequence($str_num, $target_digit) {
$digits = str_split($str_num);
$steps = 0;
foreach($digits as $digit)
$steps += abs($digit - $target_digit);
return $steps;
}
}
Example use:
$solver = new SeqSolver;
foreach(['312', '334', '39'] as $input) {
$result = $solver->solve($input);
var_export($result);
echo "\n";
}
Output:
array (
'input' => '312',
'solutions' =>
array (
0 =>
array (
'sequence' => '222',
'steps' => 2,
),
),
)
array (
'input' => '334',
'solutions' =>
array (
0 =>
array (
'sequence' => '333',
'steps' => 1,
),
),
)
array (
'input' => '39',
'solutions' =>
array (
0 =>
array (
'sequence' => '33',
'steps' => 6,
),
1 =>
array (
'sequence' => '99',
'steps' => 6,
),
),
)
I think this will do the job.
<?php
$input = 312;
$input_array = [];
for($x=0;$x<3;$x++) {
array_push($input_array,strval($input)[$x]);
}
function equalize($input_array, $mark) {
$i = 0;
for($x=0;$x<count($input_array);$x++) {
$input_array[$x] = intval($input_array[$x]);
#print($input_array[$x]);
while($input_array[$x] != $mark) {
if($input_array[$x] < $mark) {
$input_array[$x] = $input_array[$x] + 1;
$i++;
}
else {
$input_array[$x] = $input_array[$x] - 1;
$i++;
}
}
}
$output_val = intval($input_array[0] .$input_array[1] .$input_array[2]);
return $output = [$output_val,$i];
}
#to first
$mark = $input_array[0];
$output = equalize($input_array, $mark);
#to second
$mark = $input_array[1];
$data = equalize($input_array, $mark);
if($data[1] < $output[1]) {
$output = $data;
}
#to last
$mark = $input_array[2];
$data = equalize($input_array, $mark);
if($data[1] < $output[1]) {
$output = $data;
}
echo 'Digit: ' .$output[0] .'<br/>';
echo 'Number of steps: ' .$output[1];
?>
I have an array of 7 numbers (1,2,3,4,5,6,7) and I want to choose 5 of the numbers like
(1,2,3,4,5), (1,2,3,4,6), (1,2,3,4,7).
Note that (1,2,3,4,5) is equal to (4,5,3,1,2), so only one of those should be included in the output.
I would like to know if there is a function in PHP or any algorithm that can do this ?
I have no idea where to start from.
Can you help me ?
I want all the combinations of 7 given numbers ( they are taken from an array ) put into 5 slots, disregarding order.
You can use the solution found here http://stereofrog.com/blok/on/070910.
Incase the link goes down here's the code....
class Combinations implements Iterator
{
protected $c = null;
protected $s = null;
protected $n = 0;
protected $k = 0;
protected $pos = 0;
function __construct($s, $k) {
if(is_array($s)) {
$this->s = array_values($s);
$this->n = count($this->s);
} else {
$this->s = (string) $s;
$this->n = strlen($this->s);
}
$this->k = $k;
$this->rewind();
}
function key() {
return $this->pos;
}
function current() {
$r = array();
for($i = 0; $i < $this->k; $i++)
$r[] = $this->s[$this->c[$i]];
return is_array($this->s) ? $r : implode('', $r);
}
function next() {
if($this->_next())
$this->pos++;
else
$this->pos = -1;
}
function rewind() {
$this->c = range(0, $this->k);
$this->pos = 0;
}
function valid() {
return $this->pos >= 0;
}
protected function _next() {
$i = $this->k - 1;
while ($i >= 0 && $this->c[$i] == $this->n - $this->k + $i)
$i--;
if($i < 0)
return false;
$this->c[$i]++;
while($i++ < $this->k - 1)
$this->c[$i] = $this->c[$i - 1] + 1;
return true;
}
}
foreach(new Combinations("1234567", 5) as $substring)
echo $substring, ' ';
12345 12346 12347 12356 12357 12367 12456 12457 12467 12567 13456 13457 13467 13567 14567 23456 23457 23467 23567 24567 34567
<?php
echo "<pre>";
$test = array("test_1","test_2","test_3");
// Get Combination
$return = uniqueCombination($test);
//Sort
sort($return);
//Pretty Print
print_r(array_map(function($v){ return implode(",", $v); }, $return));
function uniqueCombination($in, $minLength = 1, $max = 2000) {
$count = count($in);
$members = pow(2, $count);
$return = array();
for($i = 0; $i < $members; $i ++) {
$b = sprintf("%0" . $count . "b", $i);
$out = array();
for($j = 0; $j < $count; $j ++) {
$b{$j} == '1' and $out[] = $in[$j];
}
count($out) >= $minLength && count($out) <= $max and $return[] = $out;
}
return $return;
}
?>
output
Array
(
[0] => test_1
[1] => test_2
[2] => test_3
[3] => test_1,test_2
[4] => test_1,test_3
[5] => test_2,test_3
[6] => test_1,test_2,test_3
)
The Math_Combinatorics in PEAR repository does exactly what you want:
A package that returns all the combinations and permutations, without
repetition, of a given set and subset size. Associative arrays are
preserved.
require_once 'Math/Combinatorics.php';
$combinatorics = new Math_Combinatorics;
$input = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7);
$output = $combinatorics->combinations($input, 5); // 5 is the subset size
// 1,2,3,4,5
// 1,2,3,4,6
// 1,2,3,4,7
// 1,2,3,5,6
// 1,2,3,5,7
// 1,2,3,6,7
// 1,2,4,5,6
// 1,2,4,5,7
// 1,2,4,6,7
// 1,2,5,6,7
// 1,3,4,5,6
// 1,3,4,5,7
// 1,3,4,6,7
// 1,3,5,6,7
// 1,4,5,6,7
// 2,3,4,5,6
// 2,3,4,5,7
// 2,3,4,6,7
// 2,3,5,6,7
// 2,4,5,6,7
// 3,4,5,6,7
Another solution that bases on stack. It's quit fast but eats much memory.
Hope that helps someone.
In detail:
function _combine($numbers, $length)
{
$combinations = array();
$stack = array();
// every combinations can be ordered
sort($numbers);
// startup
array_push($stack, array(
'store' => array(),
'options' => $numbers,
));
while (true) {
// pop a item
$item = array_pop($stack);
// end of stack
if (!$item) {
break;
}
// valid store
if ($length <= count($item['store'])) {
$combinations[] = $item['store'];
continue;
}
// bypass when options are not enough
if (count($item['store']) + count($item['options']) < $length) {
continue;
}
foreach ($item['options'] as $index => $n) {
$newStore = $item['store'];
$newStore[] = $n;
// every combine can be ordered
// so accept only options which is greater than store numbers
$newOptions = array_slice($item['options'], $index + 1);
// push new items
array_push($stack, array(
'store' => $newStore,
'options' => $newOptions,
));
}
}
return $combinations;
}
Improved this answer to work with associative array as well:
function uniqueCombination($values, $minLength = 1, $maxLength = 2000) {
$count = count($values);
$size = pow(2, $count);
$keys = array_keys($values);
$return = [];
for($i = 0; $i < $size; $i ++) {
$b = sprintf("%0" . $count . "b", $i);
$out = [];
for($j = 0; $j < $count; $j ++) {
if ($b[$j] == '1') {
$out[$keys[$j]] = $values[$keys[$j]];
}
}
if (count($out) >= $minLength && count($out) <= $maxLength) {
$return[] = $out;
}
}
return $return;
}
Eg:
print_r(uniqueCombination([
'a' => 'xyz',
'b' => 'pqr',
]);
Result:
Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[b] => pqr
)
[1] => Array
(
[a] => xyz
)
[2] => Array
(
[a] => xyz
[b] => pqr
)
)
It will still work for non-associative arrays:
print_r(uniqueCombination(['a', 'b']);
Result:
Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[1] => b
)
[1] => Array
(
[0] => a
)
[2] => Array
(
[0] => a
[1] => b
)
)
New solution which optimizes speed and memory for combining algorithm
Mindset: generate combinations K numbers of Array of numbers. New solution will use K 'for' statements. One 'for' One number.
Such as: $K = 5 mean that 5 of 'for' statements is used
$total = count($array);
$i0 = -1;
for ($i1 = $i0 + 1; $i1 < $total; $i1++) {
for ($i2 = $i1 + 1; $i2 < $total; $i2++) {
for ($i3 = $i2 + 1; $i3 < $total; $i3++) {
for ($i4 = $i3 + 1; $i4 < $total; $i4++) {
for ($i5 = $i4 + 1; $i5 < $total; $i5++) {
$record = array();
for ($i = 1; $i <= $k; $i++) {
$t = "i$i";
$record[] = $array[$$t];
}
$callback($record);
}
}
}
}
}
And detail of code that generated the real code that will be execute by eval() function
function combine($array, $k, $callback)
{
$total = count($array);
$init = '
$i0 = -1;
';
$sample = '
for($i{current} = $i{previous} + 1; $i{current} < $total; $i{current}++ ) {
{body}
}
';
$do = '
$record = array();
for ($i = 1; $i <= $k; $i++) {
$t = "i$i";
$record[] = $array[$$t];
}
$callback($record);
';
$for = '';
for ($i = $k; $i >= 1; $i--) {
switch ($i) {
case $k:
$for = str_replace(['{current}', '{previous}', '{body}'], [$i, $i - 1, $do], $sample);
break;
case 1:
$for = $init . str_replace(['{current}', '{previous}', '{body}'], [$i, $i - 1, $for], $sample);
break;
default:
$for = str_replace(['{current}', '{previous}', '{body}'], [$i, $i - 1, $for], $sample);
break;
}
}
// execute
eval($for);
}
How to combine K numbers of Array
$k = 5;
$array = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7);
$callback = function ($record) {
echo implode($record) . "\n";
};
combine($array, $k, $callback);
I found the other answers here confusing or overly complicated, so I wrote my own. I think this is a simple solution with a recursive method. The basic idea is that you go through your array and for each item decide whether or not it is in the combination (actually, you don't decide, you recursively try both ways). You make this choice for the first item and then combine it with the recursively generated combinations of the rest of the array. This solution fills a result array with every combination of your array as a sub-array. It uses the items in order and it preserves associations, including with numeric keys.
function combinations(array $items, int $numToChoose, array &$results, $comb = []): void {
if (count($items) < $numToChoose) {
throw new \Exception("Asked to choose $numToChoose items from an array of length ". count($items));
}
// if nothing left to choose, we have a complete combination
if ($numToChoose === 0) {
$results[] = $comb;
return;
}
// if we have to choose everything at this point, then we know what to do
if (count($items) == $numToChoose) {
$results[] = $comb + $items;
return;
}
// The recursive cases: either use the first element or not and find combinations of the rest
$val = reset($items);
$key = key($items);
unset($items[$key]);
// not using it
combinations($items, $numToChoose, $results, $comb);
// using it
$comb[$key] = $val;
combinations($items, $numToChoose - 1, $results, $comb);
}
// Do a test run
$combs = [];
combinations([1=>1, 2=>2, 3=>3], 2, $combs);
var_dump($perms);
This results in the output:
array(3) {
[0]=>
array(2) {
[2]=>
int(2)
[3]=>
int(3)
}
[1]=>
array(2) {
[1]=>
int(1)
[3]=>
int(3)
}
[2]=>
array(2) {
[1]=>
int(1)
[2]=>
int(2)
}
}
I needed a combining function that included subsets, so I took #Nguyen Van Vinh's answer and modified it for my needs.
If you pass [1,2,3,4] to the function, it returns every unique combination and subset, sorted:
[
[1,2,3,4], [1,2,3], [1,2,4], [1,3,4], [2,3,4], [1,2], [1,3], [1,4], [2,3], [2,4], [3,4], [1], [2], [3], [4]
]
Here's the function:
function get_combinations_with_length( $numbers, $length ){
$result = array();
$stack = array();
// every combinations can be ordered
sort($numbers);
// startup
array_push($stack, array(
'store' => array(),
'options' => $numbers,
));
while (true) {
// pop a item
$item = array_pop($stack);
// end of stack
if (!$item) break;
// valid store
if ($length <= count($item['store'])) {
$result[] = $item['store'];
continue;
}
// bypass when options are not enough
if (count($item['store']) + count($item['options']) < $length) {
continue;
}
foreach ($item['options'] as $i=>$n) {
$newStore = $item['store'];
$newStore[] = $n;
// every combine can be ordered, so accept only options that are greater than store numbers
$newOptions = array_slice($item['options'], $i + 1);
// array_unshift to sort numerically, array_push to reverse
array_unshift($stack, array(
'store' => $newStore,
'options' => $newOptions,
));
}
}
return $result;
}
function get_all_combinations( $numbers ){
$length = count($numbers);
$result = [];
while ($length > 0) {
$result = array_merge($result, get_combinations_with_length( $numbers, $length ));
$length--;
}
return $result;
}
$numbers = [1,2,3,4];
$result = get_all_combinations($numbers);
echo 'START: '.json_encode( $numbers ).'<br><br>';
echo 'RESULT: '.json_encode( $result ).'<br><br>';
echo '('.count($result).' combination subsets found)';
I have a list of number in array. Here's my example data:
Person 1 => 20, 40, 50
Person 2 => 10, 20, 40
Person 3 => 20, 20, 30
I want to ask, how to put their scores to an array and calculate it by it index? My code to create this array:
$indeksarr = 1;
$temparr[$indeksarr] = array();
$num = 3;
while($grade = $query->fetch_array()) <-- basically get score from DB (only return score for each student)
{
for($i=1; $i <= $num; $i++)
{
$newdata = array($indeksarr => $grade);
$temparr[$indeksarr][] = $newdata;
$indeksarr++;
}
}
for($i=1; $i <= $num; $i++)
{
print_r($temparr[$i]);
}
My code result:
Result[1] = 20
Result[2] = 10
The result that I want:
Result[1] = 50 ( <- 20+10+20 ) <- all from array index 1
Result[2] = 80 ( <- 40+20+20 ) <- all from array index 2
Result[3] = 120 ( <- 50+40+30 ) <- all from array index 3
Any idea to fix my array?
Please try below code once, it might help for dynamic values also.
while ($grade = $query->fetch_array()) {
//$grdata = explode(",", $grade); // if those are comma separated values
$grdata = $grade;
for ($j = 0, $k = 1; $j < count($grdata); $j++, $k++) {
if (isset($temparr[$k])) {
$temparr[$k] = $temparr[$k] + $grdata[$j];
} else {
$temparr[$k] = $grdata[$j];
}
}
}
print_r($temparr);
biuld array like below
$persons = array('Person1'=>array(20,40,50),'Person2' => array(10, 20, 40),'Person3' => array(20, 20, 30));
//than perform below function
$array_sum = array_reduce($persons,"abb");
function abb($a,$b)
{
foreach($b as $key=>$value)
{
if(isset($a[$key]))
$a[$key] += $value;
else
$a[$key] = $value;
}
return $a;
}
var_dump($array_sum);
o/p
array (size=3)
0 => int 50
1 => int 80
2 => int 120
try this:
$result = array();
$start_index = 1;
$stop_index = 3;
while($grade = $query->fetch_array()) //<-- basically get score from DB (only return score for each student)
{
// grade = array('Person 1' => array(20,10,20));
$values = array_values($grade);
$result[$start_index] = array_sum($values[0]);
if ($start_index == $stop_index) break; // stop when it reach stop_index
$start_index++;
}
echo "<pre>";
print_r($result);
echo "</pre>";
die;
Here's a simple alternative using array_walk and array_sum:
$subTotal = [[0,0,0],[0,0,0],[0,0,0]];
$line = 0;
function walk($item, $key) {
global $subTotal;
global $line;
$subTotal[$key][$line] = $item;
}
$array = [
[20, 40, 50],
[10, 20, 40],
[20, 20, 30]
];
$finalArray = [];
array_walk($array[0], 'walk');
$line = 1;
array_walk($array[1], 'walk');
$line = 2;
array_walk($array[2], 'walk');
$finalArray[] = array_sum($subTotal[0]);
$finalArray[] = array_sum($subTotal[1]);
$finalArray[] = array_sum($subTotal[2]);
// Will print '50, 80, 120, '
foreach($finalArray as $total) {
echo $total.', ';
}
Hope this helps!
I have an array of 7 numbers (1,2,3,4,5,6,7) and I want to choose 5 of the numbers like
(1,2,3,4,5), (1,2,3,4,6), (1,2,3,4,7).
Note that (1,2,3,4,5) is equal to (4,5,3,1,2), so only one of those should be included in the output.
I would like to know if there is a function in PHP or any algorithm that can do this ?
I have no idea where to start from.
Can you help me ?
I want all the combinations of 7 given numbers ( they are taken from an array ) put into 5 slots, disregarding order.
You can use the solution found here http://stereofrog.com/blok/on/070910.
Incase the link goes down here's the code....
class Combinations implements Iterator
{
protected $c = null;
protected $s = null;
protected $n = 0;
protected $k = 0;
protected $pos = 0;
function __construct($s, $k) {
if(is_array($s)) {
$this->s = array_values($s);
$this->n = count($this->s);
} else {
$this->s = (string) $s;
$this->n = strlen($this->s);
}
$this->k = $k;
$this->rewind();
}
function key() {
return $this->pos;
}
function current() {
$r = array();
for($i = 0; $i < $this->k; $i++)
$r[] = $this->s[$this->c[$i]];
return is_array($this->s) ? $r : implode('', $r);
}
function next() {
if($this->_next())
$this->pos++;
else
$this->pos = -1;
}
function rewind() {
$this->c = range(0, $this->k);
$this->pos = 0;
}
function valid() {
return $this->pos >= 0;
}
protected function _next() {
$i = $this->k - 1;
while ($i >= 0 && $this->c[$i] == $this->n - $this->k + $i)
$i--;
if($i < 0)
return false;
$this->c[$i]++;
while($i++ < $this->k - 1)
$this->c[$i] = $this->c[$i - 1] + 1;
return true;
}
}
foreach(new Combinations("1234567", 5) as $substring)
echo $substring, ' ';
12345 12346 12347 12356 12357 12367 12456 12457 12467 12567 13456 13457 13467 13567 14567 23456 23457 23467 23567 24567 34567
<?php
echo "<pre>";
$test = array("test_1","test_2","test_3");
// Get Combination
$return = uniqueCombination($test);
//Sort
sort($return);
//Pretty Print
print_r(array_map(function($v){ return implode(",", $v); }, $return));
function uniqueCombination($in, $minLength = 1, $max = 2000) {
$count = count($in);
$members = pow(2, $count);
$return = array();
for($i = 0; $i < $members; $i ++) {
$b = sprintf("%0" . $count . "b", $i);
$out = array();
for($j = 0; $j < $count; $j ++) {
$b{$j} == '1' and $out[] = $in[$j];
}
count($out) >= $minLength && count($out) <= $max and $return[] = $out;
}
return $return;
}
?>
output
Array
(
[0] => test_1
[1] => test_2
[2] => test_3
[3] => test_1,test_2
[4] => test_1,test_3
[5] => test_2,test_3
[6] => test_1,test_2,test_3
)
The Math_Combinatorics in PEAR repository does exactly what you want:
A package that returns all the combinations and permutations, without
repetition, of a given set and subset size. Associative arrays are
preserved.
require_once 'Math/Combinatorics.php';
$combinatorics = new Math_Combinatorics;
$input = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7);
$output = $combinatorics->combinations($input, 5); // 5 is the subset size
// 1,2,3,4,5
// 1,2,3,4,6
// 1,2,3,4,7
// 1,2,3,5,6
// 1,2,3,5,7
// 1,2,3,6,7
// 1,2,4,5,6
// 1,2,4,5,7
// 1,2,4,6,7
// 1,2,5,6,7
// 1,3,4,5,6
// 1,3,4,5,7
// 1,3,4,6,7
// 1,3,5,6,7
// 1,4,5,6,7
// 2,3,4,5,6
// 2,3,4,5,7
// 2,3,4,6,7
// 2,3,5,6,7
// 2,4,5,6,7
// 3,4,5,6,7
Another solution that bases on stack. It's quit fast but eats much memory.
Hope that helps someone.
In detail:
function _combine($numbers, $length)
{
$combinations = array();
$stack = array();
// every combinations can be ordered
sort($numbers);
// startup
array_push($stack, array(
'store' => array(),
'options' => $numbers,
));
while (true) {
// pop a item
$item = array_pop($stack);
// end of stack
if (!$item) {
break;
}
// valid store
if ($length <= count($item['store'])) {
$combinations[] = $item['store'];
continue;
}
// bypass when options are not enough
if (count($item['store']) + count($item['options']) < $length) {
continue;
}
foreach ($item['options'] as $index => $n) {
$newStore = $item['store'];
$newStore[] = $n;
// every combine can be ordered
// so accept only options which is greater than store numbers
$newOptions = array_slice($item['options'], $index + 1);
// push new items
array_push($stack, array(
'store' => $newStore,
'options' => $newOptions,
));
}
}
return $combinations;
}
Improved this answer to work with associative array as well:
function uniqueCombination($values, $minLength = 1, $maxLength = 2000) {
$count = count($values);
$size = pow(2, $count);
$keys = array_keys($values);
$return = [];
for($i = 0; $i < $size; $i ++) {
$b = sprintf("%0" . $count . "b", $i);
$out = [];
for($j = 0; $j < $count; $j ++) {
if ($b[$j] == '1') {
$out[$keys[$j]] = $values[$keys[$j]];
}
}
if (count($out) >= $minLength && count($out) <= $maxLength) {
$return[] = $out;
}
}
return $return;
}
Eg:
print_r(uniqueCombination([
'a' => 'xyz',
'b' => 'pqr',
]);
Result:
Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[b] => pqr
)
[1] => Array
(
[a] => xyz
)
[2] => Array
(
[a] => xyz
[b] => pqr
)
)
It will still work for non-associative arrays:
print_r(uniqueCombination(['a', 'b']);
Result:
Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[1] => b
)
[1] => Array
(
[0] => a
)
[2] => Array
(
[0] => a
[1] => b
)
)
New solution which optimizes speed and memory for combining algorithm
Mindset: generate combinations K numbers of Array of numbers. New solution will use K 'for' statements. One 'for' One number.
Such as: $K = 5 mean that 5 of 'for' statements is used
$total = count($array);
$i0 = -1;
for ($i1 = $i0 + 1; $i1 < $total; $i1++) {
for ($i2 = $i1 + 1; $i2 < $total; $i2++) {
for ($i3 = $i2 + 1; $i3 < $total; $i3++) {
for ($i4 = $i3 + 1; $i4 < $total; $i4++) {
for ($i5 = $i4 + 1; $i5 < $total; $i5++) {
$record = array();
for ($i = 1; $i <= $k; $i++) {
$t = "i$i";
$record[] = $array[$$t];
}
$callback($record);
}
}
}
}
}
And detail of code that generated the real code that will be execute by eval() function
function combine($array, $k, $callback)
{
$total = count($array);
$init = '
$i0 = -1;
';
$sample = '
for($i{current} = $i{previous} + 1; $i{current} < $total; $i{current}++ ) {
{body}
}
';
$do = '
$record = array();
for ($i = 1; $i <= $k; $i++) {
$t = "i$i";
$record[] = $array[$$t];
}
$callback($record);
';
$for = '';
for ($i = $k; $i >= 1; $i--) {
switch ($i) {
case $k:
$for = str_replace(['{current}', '{previous}', '{body}'], [$i, $i - 1, $do], $sample);
break;
case 1:
$for = $init . str_replace(['{current}', '{previous}', '{body}'], [$i, $i - 1, $for], $sample);
break;
default:
$for = str_replace(['{current}', '{previous}', '{body}'], [$i, $i - 1, $for], $sample);
break;
}
}
// execute
eval($for);
}
How to combine K numbers of Array
$k = 5;
$array = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7);
$callback = function ($record) {
echo implode($record) . "\n";
};
combine($array, $k, $callback);
I found the other answers here confusing or overly complicated, so I wrote my own. I think this is a simple solution with a recursive method. The basic idea is that you go through your array and for each item decide whether or not it is in the combination (actually, you don't decide, you recursively try both ways). You make this choice for the first item and then combine it with the recursively generated combinations of the rest of the array. This solution fills a result array with every combination of your array as a sub-array. It uses the items in order and it preserves associations, including with numeric keys.
function combinations(array $items, int $numToChoose, array &$results, $comb = []): void {
if (count($items) < $numToChoose) {
throw new \Exception("Asked to choose $numToChoose items from an array of length ". count($items));
}
// if nothing left to choose, we have a complete combination
if ($numToChoose === 0) {
$results[] = $comb;
return;
}
// if we have to choose everything at this point, then we know what to do
if (count($items) == $numToChoose) {
$results[] = $comb + $items;
return;
}
// The recursive cases: either use the first element or not and find combinations of the rest
$val = reset($items);
$key = key($items);
unset($items[$key]);
// not using it
combinations($items, $numToChoose, $results, $comb);
// using it
$comb[$key] = $val;
combinations($items, $numToChoose - 1, $results, $comb);
}
// Do a test run
$combs = [];
combinations([1=>1, 2=>2, 3=>3], 2, $combs);
var_dump($perms);
This results in the output:
array(3) {
[0]=>
array(2) {
[2]=>
int(2)
[3]=>
int(3)
}
[1]=>
array(2) {
[1]=>
int(1)
[3]=>
int(3)
}
[2]=>
array(2) {
[1]=>
int(1)
[2]=>
int(2)
}
}
I needed a combining function that included subsets, so I took #Nguyen Van Vinh's answer and modified it for my needs.
If you pass [1,2,3,4] to the function, it returns every unique combination and subset, sorted:
[
[1,2,3,4], [1,2,3], [1,2,4], [1,3,4], [2,3,4], [1,2], [1,3], [1,4], [2,3], [2,4], [3,4], [1], [2], [3], [4]
]
Here's the function:
function get_combinations_with_length( $numbers, $length ){
$result = array();
$stack = array();
// every combinations can be ordered
sort($numbers);
// startup
array_push($stack, array(
'store' => array(),
'options' => $numbers,
));
while (true) {
// pop a item
$item = array_pop($stack);
// end of stack
if (!$item) break;
// valid store
if ($length <= count($item['store'])) {
$result[] = $item['store'];
continue;
}
// bypass when options are not enough
if (count($item['store']) + count($item['options']) < $length) {
continue;
}
foreach ($item['options'] as $i=>$n) {
$newStore = $item['store'];
$newStore[] = $n;
// every combine can be ordered, so accept only options that are greater than store numbers
$newOptions = array_slice($item['options'], $i + 1);
// array_unshift to sort numerically, array_push to reverse
array_unshift($stack, array(
'store' => $newStore,
'options' => $newOptions,
));
}
}
return $result;
}
function get_all_combinations( $numbers ){
$length = count($numbers);
$result = [];
while ($length > 0) {
$result = array_merge($result, get_combinations_with_length( $numbers, $length ));
$length--;
}
return $result;
}
$numbers = [1,2,3,4];
$result = get_all_combinations($numbers);
echo 'START: '.json_encode( $numbers ).'<br><br>';
echo 'RESULT: '.json_encode( $result ).'<br><br>';
echo '('.count($result).' combination subsets found)';
I have an array of 7 numbers (1,2,3,4,5,6,7) and I want to choose 5 of the numbers like
(1,2,3,4,5), (1,2,3,4,6), (1,2,3,4,7).
Note that (1,2,3,4,5) is equal to (4,5,3,1,2), so only one of those should be included in the output.
I would like to know if there is a function in PHP or any algorithm that can do this ?
I have no idea where to start from.
Can you help me ?
I want all the combinations of 7 given numbers ( they are taken from an array ) put into 5 slots, disregarding order.
You can use the solution found here http://stereofrog.com/blok/on/070910.
Incase the link goes down here's the code....
class Combinations implements Iterator
{
protected $c = null;
protected $s = null;
protected $n = 0;
protected $k = 0;
protected $pos = 0;
function __construct($s, $k) {
if(is_array($s)) {
$this->s = array_values($s);
$this->n = count($this->s);
} else {
$this->s = (string) $s;
$this->n = strlen($this->s);
}
$this->k = $k;
$this->rewind();
}
function key() {
return $this->pos;
}
function current() {
$r = array();
for($i = 0; $i < $this->k; $i++)
$r[] = $this->s[$this->c[$i]];
return is_array($this->s) ? $r : implode('', $r);
}
function next() {
if($this->_next())
$this->pos++;
else
$this->pos = -1;
}
function rewind() {
$this->c = range(0, $this->k);
$this->pos = 0;
}
function valid() {
return $this->pos >= 0;
}
protected function _next() {
$i = $this->k - 1;
while ($i >= 0 && $this->c[$i] == $this->n - $this->k + $i)
$i--;
if($i < 0)
return false;
$this->c[$i]++;
while($i++ < $this->k - 1)
$this->c[$i] = $this->c[$i - 1] + 1;
return true;
}
}
foreach(new Combinations("1234567", 5) as $substring)
echo $substring, ' ';
12345 12346 12347 12356 12357 12367 12456 12457 12467 12567 13456 13457 13467 13567 14567 23456 23457 23467 23567 24567 34567
<?php
echo "<pre>";
$test = array("test_1","test_2","test_3");
// Get Combination
$return = uniqueCombination($test);
//Sort
sort($return);
//Pretty Print
print_r(array_map(function($v){ return implode(",", $v); }, $return));
function uniqueCombination($in, $minLength = 1, $max = 2000) {
$count = count($in);
$members = pow(2, $count);
$return = array();
for($i = 0; $i < $members; $i ++) {
$b = sprintf("%0" . $count . "b", $i);
$out = array();
for($j = 0; $j < $count; $j ++) {
$b{$j} == '1' and $out[] = $in[$j];
}
count($out) >= $minLength && count($out) <= $max and $return[] = $out;
}
return $return;
}
?>
output
Array
(
[0] => test_1
[1] => test_2
[2] => test_3
[3] => test_1,test_2
[4] => test_1,test_3
[5] => test_2,test_3
[6] => test_1,test_2,test_3
)
The Math_Combinatorics in PEAR repository does exactly what you want:
A package that returns all the combinations and permutations, without
repetition, of a given set and subset size. Associative arrays are
preserved.
require_once 'Math/Combinatorics.php';
$combinatorics = new Math_Combinatorics;
$input = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7);
$output = $combinatorics->combinations($input, 5); // 5 is the subset size
// 1,2,3,4,5
// 1,2,3,4,6
// 1,2,3,4,7
// 1,2,3,5,6
// 1,2,3,5,7
// 1,2,3,6,7
// 1,2,4,5,6
// 1,2,4,5,7
// 1,2,4,6,7
// 1,2,5,6,7
// 1,3,4,5,6
// 1,3,4,5,7
// 1,3,4,6,7
// 1,3,5,6,7
// 1,4,5,6,7
// 2,3,4,5,6
// 2,3,4,5,7
// 2,3,4,6,7
// 2,3,5,6,7
// 2,4,5,6,7
// 3,4,5,6,7
Another solution that bases on stack. It's quit fast but eats much memory.
Hope that helps someone.
In detail:
function _combine($numbers, $length)
{
$combinations = array();
$stack = array();
// every combinations can be ordered
sort($numbers);
// startup
array_push($stack, array(
'store' => array(),
'options' => $numbers,
));
while (true) {
// pop a item
$item = array_pop($stack);
// end of stack
if (!$item) {
break;
}
// valid store
if ($length <= count($item['store'])) {
$combinations[] = $item['store'];
continue;
}
// bypass when options are not enough
if (count($item['store']) + count($item['options']) < $length) {
continue;
}
foreach ($item['options'] as $index => $n) {
$newStore = $item['store'];
$newStore[] = $n;
// every combine can be ordered
// so accept only options which is greater than store numbers
$newOptions = array_slice($item['options'], $index + 1);
// push new items
array_push($stack, array(
'store' => $newStore,
'options' => $newOptions,
));
}
}
return $combinations;
}
Improved this answer to work with associative array as well:
function uniqueCombination($values, $minLength = 1, $maxLength = 2000) {
$count = count($values);
$size = pow(2, $count);
$keys = array_keys($values);
$return = [];
for($i = 0; $i < $size; $i ++) {
$b = sprintf("%0" . $count . "b", $i);
$out = [];
for($j = 0; $j < $count; $j ++) {
if ($b[$j] == '1') {
$out[$keys[$j]] = $values[$keys[$j]];
}
}
if (count($out) >= $minLength && count($out) <= $maxLength) {
$return[] = $out;
}
}
return $return;
}
Eg:
print_r(uniqueCombination([
'a' => 'xyz',
'b' => 'pqr',
]);
Result:
Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[b] => pqr
)
[1] => Array
(
[a] => xyz
)
[2] => Array
(
[a] => xyz
[b] => pqr
)
)
It will still work for non-associative arrays:
print_r(uniqueCombination(['a', 'b']);
Result:
Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[1] => b
)
[1] => Array
(
[0] => a
)
[2] => Array
(
[0] => a
[1] => b
)
)
New solution which optimizes speed and memory for combining algorithm
Mindset: generate combinations K numbers of Array of numbers. New solution will use K 'for' statements. One 'for' One number.
Such as: $K = 5 mean that 5 of 'for' statements is used
$total = count($array);
$i0 = -1;
for ($i1 = $i0 + 1; $i1 < $total; $i1++) {
for ($i2 = $i1 + 1; $i2 < $total; $i2++) {
for ($i3 = $i2 + 1; $i3 < $total; $i3++) {
for ($i4 = $i3 + 1; $i4 < $total; $i4++) {
for ($i5 = $i4 + 1; $i5 < $total; $i5++) {
$record = array();
for ($i = 1; $i <= $k; $i++) {
$t = "i$i";
$record[] = $array[$$t];
}
$callback($record);
}
}
}
}
}
And detail of code that generated the real code that will be execute by eval() function
function combine($array, $k, $callback)
{
$total = count($array);
$init = '
$i0 = -1;
';
$sample = '
for($i{current} = $i{previous} + 1; $i{current} < $total; $i{current}++ ) {
{body}
}
';
$do = '
$record = array();
for ($i = 1; $i <= $k; $i++) {
$t = "i$i";
$record[] = $array[$$t];
}
$callback($record);
';
$for = '';
for ($i = $k; $i >= 1; $i--) {
switch ($i) {
case $k:
$for = str_replace(['{current}', '{previous}', '{body}'], [$i, $i - 1, $do], $sample);
break;
case 1:
$for = $init . str_replace(['{current}', '{previous}', '{body}'], [$i, $i - 1, $for], $sample);
break;
default:
$for = str_replace(['{current}', '{previous}', '{body}'], [$i, $i - 1, $for], $sample);
break;
}
}
// execute
eval($for);
}
How to combine K numbers of Array
$k = 5;
$array = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7);
$callback = function ($record) {
echo implode($record) . "\n";
};
combine($array, $k, $callback);
I found the other answers here confusing or overly complicated, so I wrote my own. I think this is a simple solution with a recursive method. The basic idea is that you go through your array and for each item decide whether or not it is in the combination (actually, you don't decide, you recursively try both ways). You make this choice for the first item and then combine it with the recursively generated combinations of the rest of the array. This solution fills a result array with every combination of your array as a sub-array. It uses the items in order and it preserves associations, including with numeric keys.
function combinations(array $items, int $numToChoose, array &$results, $comb = []): void {
if (count($items) < $numToChoose) {
throw new \Exception("Asked to choose $numToChoose items from an array of length ". count($items));
}
// if nothing left to choose, we have a complete combination
if ($numToChoose === 0) {
$results[] = $comb;
return;
}
// if we have to choose everything at this point, then we know what to do
if (count($items) == $numToChoose) {
$results[] = $comb + $items;
return;
}
// The recursive cases: either use the first element or not and find combinations of the rest
$val = reset($items);
$key = key($items);
unset($items[$key]);
// not using it
combinations($items, $numToChoose, $results, $comb);
// using it
$comb[$key] = $val;
combinations($items, $numToChoose - 1, $results, $comb);
}
// Do a test run
$combs = [];
combinations([1=>1, 2=>2, 3=>3], 2, $combs);
var_dump($perms);
This results in the output:
array(3) {
[0]=>
array(2) {
[2]=>
int(2)
[3]=>
int(3)
}
[1]=>
array(2) {
[1]=>
int(1)
[3]=>
int(3)
}
[2]=>
array(2) {
[1]=>
int(1)
[2]=>
int(2)
}
}
I needed a combining function that included subsets, so I took #Nguyen Van Vinh's answer and modified it for my needs.
If you pass [1,2,3,4] to the function, it returns every unique combination and subset, sorted:
[
[1,2,3,4], [1,2,3], [1,2,4], [1,3,4], [2,3,4], [1,2], [1,3], [1,4], [2,3], [2,4], [3,4], [1], [2], [3], [4]
]
Here's the function:
function get_combinations_with_length( $numbers, $length ){
$result = array();
$stack = array();
// every combinations can be ordered
sort($numbers);
// startup
array_push($stack, array(
'store' => array(),
'options' => $numbers,
));
while (true) {
// pop a item
$item = array_pop($stack);
// end of stack
if (!$item) break;
// valid store
if ($length <= count($item['store'])) {
$result[] = $item['store'];
continue;
}
// bypass when options are not enough
if (count($item['store']) + count($item['options']) < $length) {
continue;
}
foreach ($item['options'] as $i=>$n) {
$newStore = $item['store'];
$newStore[] = $n;
// every combine can be ordered, so accept only options that are greater than store numbers
$newOptions = array_slice($item['options'], $i + 1);
// array_unshift to sort numerically, array_push to reverse
array_unshift($stack, array(
'store' => $newStore,
'options' => $newOptions,
));
}
}
return $result;
}
function get_all_combinations( $numbers ){
$length = count($numbers);
$result = [];
while ($length > 0) {
$result = array_merge($result, get_combinations_with_length( $numbers, $length ));
$length--;
}
return $result;
}
$numbers = [1,2,3,4];
$result = get_all_combinations($numbers);
echo 'START: '.json_encode( $numbers ).'<br><br>';
echo 'RESULT: '.json_encode( $result ).'<br><br>';
echo '('.count($result).' combination subsets found)';