I am building a website and has index.php in the root folder. The other pages are up to 2 folders deep and separated out by their different categories.
So the index.php file would be correct;
<?php include ('/inc/head.php'); ?>
But the other pages would have to be;
<?php include ('../inc/head.php'); ?> or <?php include ('../../inc/head.php'); ?>
But this breaks the relative paths for the css and script files in the includes files themselves as they then don't map correctly! Any solutions?
You're talking about paths set in head.php? Why not just use absolute paths? So rather than using css/style.css you'd do /css/style.css, etc.
Okay, so I was getting confused and setting the relative paths in the footer and head sections as well as the 'includes'.
So the solution for the head and footer sections are,
<script src="../../js/bootstrap.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
Should be set as an absolute path as #ultranaut said:
<script src="/js/bootstrap.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
and the include, if the page is two folders deep from the root should then be:
<?php include ('../../inc/head.php'); ?>
Hope this helps some other PHP newbie too!
Related
I have a problem with including header.php and footer.php on my index.php
The structure of the website is like this.
I have an index.php page and I have also 4 folders which are (about us), (support), (assets), (includes) that they have pages inside those folders. In the (includes) folder I have header.php and footer.php. In my (assets) folder I have 2 folders which are (css), (js). Inside my (css) folder I have my style.css file and in the (js) folder I have my custom.js file.
In my (includes) folder, the header.php file is including the style.css like this. . Moreover, in my (includes) folder the footer.php file is including the custom.js like this.
Furthermore, in my (about us) folder I have about-us.php page. When I use <?php include "../includes/header.php"; ?> and <?php include "../includes/footer.php"; ?>, it all works normal.
My problem is this. When I try to include header.php or footer.php in my index.php page they do not work. I have tried to include them like <?php include “/includes/header.php"; ?> and <?php include "includes/footer.php"; ?> but they do not work. I have tried different methods but nothing is working. The problem is that I can include header.php and footer.php in my sub pages which are inside a folder but not in the index.php which is outside a folder. In addition, If i have to make any change to the header or footer I will have to change it twice, one for the index.php which will be hardcoded and one in the header.php or footer.php which are included in the sub pages.
How can I make it so I can include header.php and footer.php from the (includes) in my index.php page and also working on about-us.php page which is inside the (about us) folder ?
Thanks.
Referencing files is difficult [non-intuative (pick a word)] when you are bouncing around different levels of a folder structure. You could write a book on relative and absolute file paths.
If might be better, before your site gets too big to create yourself a config.php file, define a proper base URL for your site, and then include that in each of your pages, along with that, that you are trying to reference.
For example. In the root directory of your site, create a file called config.php and use the following:
<?php
define("ROOT_PATH", $_SERVER["DOCUMENT_ROOT"]);
Then in ALL of your other files, you can reference the config.php file first, which will define the ROOT_PATH for that document, and then call your other files.
So in your header.php file
<?php
include "./config.php";
include(ROOT_PATH . "/assets/css/style.css");
Then when you call header.php from index.php, header.php will have the absolute route to the CSS file to reference.
I hope I have explained that well enough.
EDIT / ADDITION:
config.php files are a handy addition to any PHP project for many other things as well as defining URLS. You can keep your DB connections in there, arrays of static things you use often etc. They become the "go to" place for consistently used things.
This will work.
include "./includes/header.php";
Otherwise, you can include the full file path location of the header.php and footer.php in the index.php
I will have multiple folders/modules to access common files. But accessing them seems to be big deal for me!
I did gone through this link to understand the relative positioning and managed to solve some . But not all. Reference: Relative URL's/paths in php
My folder structure is as below:
Website runs on root folder:
/(index|ajax).php
and then the subfolders:
/css/style.css
/img/*.(jpg|png|gif)
/inc/(header|footer).php
/js/*.js
/registration/(ajax|getsubjects|response|success).php
Now, this is how I included files in the index.php page(this displays correctly, meaning, style,css,js,config all accessible)
<?php
include('inc/header.php');
?>
content here
<?php
include('inc/footer.php');
?>
This index page will have to fetch getsubjects.php, response.php and then finally land in success.php.
The success.php need some styling whereas the previous two were only for processing.
So now in the success.php I access header and footer as below:
include('../inc/header.php');
include('../inc/footer.php');
But this doesn't apply any styling!
inside header.php and footer I include files like this:
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./css/style.css">
<script src="./js/script.js"></script>
How should I include the files here please?
./css/style.css means from current directory and would achieve the same result as css/style.css. The easiest answer is to determine what the base path of your application is and use that. For instance, if your application is running as http://myapp.com, then you could set all your front-end paths to /css/style.css. If your app runs in a subdirectory, such as http://example.com/myapp, then your paths would be /myapp/css/style.css.
This does not apply the same on the PHP side. For them, you should really use document-relative paths. Having a PHP file that you include in multiple places in your app, the contents of which having something like include('../myDoc.php');, can lead to complications as the path isn't based on the included document's path, but rather the including. So using document-relative paths, you get around this include(__DIR__ . '/../myDoc.php');. Just something to consider if your app grows.
Your PHP-includes seem to be correct. But in your HTML you need to change the linking to the CSS and JS Files (maybe even to your images).
You could use absolute paths:
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/style.css">
<script src="/js/script.js"></script>
the leading dot makes your paths relative to the HTML-Document, so if they are linked from a document in a subfolder, they point to a wrong location.
Including files with
<?php
include("page1.php")
?>
put the code (or content) from page1 into the caller page.
So you may have to detect from where your pages are called, or try absolute links (beginning by /)
I hope I answer you question correctly.
I have a menu.php file I need included in each page on a site I am building. When I open the menu.php by itself it works fine. It's when I have it included in other files such as index.php then nothing loads.
Below is my index.php content. My menu.php is strictly html with a .css style sheet linked. I have searched and can find nothing to solve my problem. Any suggestions?
<html>
<head>
<!-- ... -->
</head>
<body>
<?php include 'menu.php'; ?>
</body>
</html>
EDIT: that is menu.php in the include, not header.php.
Let me try to explain how directories work:
ROOTFOLDER--
home.html
contact.html
PHPFOLDER---
header.php
CSS-----
stylesheet.css
if in home.html you have <?php include 'header.php';?> that wont work because the header is in the PHPFOLDER so you must <?php include 'folderphp/header.php';?>
Check your path, inclusion location etc.
For example, if a file located in a certain folder includes a file, that also includes another file.. the relative path is always based on the very original file opened.
What I do:
include $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/menu.php'; // if file is at /public_html/menu.php
or
include $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/includes/menu.php'; // if file is at /public_html/includes/menu.php
THat way no matter where you're opening from, you're calling an absolute path.
I'm testing modular web design with PHP and relative paths, as follows:
<?php include('top.php'); ?>
<?php include('header.php'); ?>
<!-- Page content -->
<?php include('footer.php'); ?>
So it is easy to create the structure of new pages.
In top.php I use relative paths to link stylesheets and scripts, as follows:
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="css/style.css" />
But becomes a problem when I want use the same page structure in pages from child directories. top.php, header.php, and footer.php are the same always. In child directories, I use for instance:
<?php include('../top.php'); ?>
<?php include('../header.php'); ?>
<!-- Page content -->
<?php include('../footer.php'); ?>
But this is wrong, because relative paths for links (inside the includes).
How I can write correctly the links inside the includes to use them in any child directory without problems?
I know that I can use absolute paths of the form http://www.site.com/path/file, but I don't know the www.site.com url yet. How I can make PHP create absolute paths regardless of the domain?
How I can do this correctly?
Sorry for the spelling, I'm not native english speaker.
You should use the __DIR__ constant which points to the location of the file which includes the others. Then use relative(!) paths to the files that you are about to include. Like this:
require_once(__DIR__ . '/../include.php');
In my root directory I have a bunch of single pages and then the folder "blog" and "assets." For the pages I have a header.php/nav.php/footer.php to call for various css and js.
for example: within the header.php:
<link href="http://beta.rfahaiti.org/assets/css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet">
Then, in the pages I call for: <?php include 'assets/header.php'; ?>
However, this does not seem to be working for any pages within the blog folder -- such as the index.php file in /blog/news/. I assume it's a relative vs absolute link issue but I'm not sure how to fix. Question: what does the php include call need to be for to call for the header.php file?
Thanks!
Try:
<?php include '../assets/header.php'; ?>
or
<?php include '../../assets/header.php'; ?>
depending on your folder structure.
Include paths are relative, try:
<?php include '../assets/header.php'; ?>
You will find the same with HTML document referring to resources e.g CSS.
It is a relative link issue, as you say. For pages two levels deep in /blog/news, you need to go two levels back:
../../assets/header.php
Edit thanks to Juan Sosa for pointing out that what follows is completely wrong.
Alternatively, you could write this:
/assets/header.php
The second approach is cleaner in one sense; however, beware it assumes that your site will always be located at the root of the domain (ie, if it ever got moved to http://beta.rfahaiti.org/theapplication/ or something, then all those type of links would break).