I am using a code that reads pages from the database. It runs on PDO, PHP. Anyways I am wondering how would I make it so it reads from two tables? As if for example, at the current time it runs off 'pages' but could I make it also read pages from 'pages_default'. I dont mean as in it only displays pages that has both names in both tables but instead seperate tables with similar fields..
<?php
if (isset($_GET['p']))
{
$stmt = $dbh->prepare('SELECT * FROM pages WHERE shortname = :p');
if (!$stmt->execute(array(':p' => $_GET['p'])))
{//
exit('Could not exec query with param: '.$_GET['p']);
}
while($row = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC))
{
echo '<font size="6pt">'.$row["title"].'</font><div class="hr"><hr /></div><br>';
echo ' '.$row["content"].' ';
}
}
//disconnect:
$dbh = null;
?>
Hoping that I have understood your question, I assume you want to run one query and retrieve rows from two tables with different names and fields.
You use the UNION operator in your query, and get rows from the two tables, and then unifying them into one table. You must get the same number and type of fields from every table, and give the same alias names to every field you get.
Let's say you have tables t1 and t2 and want to get 3 similar fields from each, with each table having the same condition (yours shortname=:p).
SELECT <field1>, <field2>, <field3> FROM ((SELECT <t1field1> AS <field1>, <t1field2> AS <field2>, <t1field3> AS <field3>
FROM t1 WHERE <t1field2>=:p) UNION (SELECT <t2field1> AS <field1>, <t2field2> AS <field2>, <t2field3> AS <field3> FROM t2 WHERE <t2field2>=:p)) AS A
field1,field2,field3 are the aliases you set for the fields you retrieve, since the two tables may have different field names.
Related
I have three tables: adapters, connectors, components
I need to be able to search them all to find a corresponding Part Number (part_num)
The part number is unique so I don't have to worry about multiple entries.
I use GET to find the part number in the URL, set it to $num, and then do the SELECT
What I've found is that I should use UNION, however the three tables have different columns and it gives me an error when trying to do the select. In the example below
Using UNION to find references from other tables
This is my code:
if(isset($_GET['num'])) {
$num = $_GET['num'];
$result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM connectors WHERE part_num = '$num' UNION SELECT * FROM adapters WHERE part_num = '$num' UNION SELECT * FROM components WHERE part_num = '$num'"); }
Any help would be appreciated, so thanks in advance SO =)
You should probably have a fourth table Parts that identifies to which type table each part_num has been allocated. However, without that, you could still get what you're after with outer joins (wasteful though):
SELECT * FROM
connectors
LEFT JOIN adapters USING(part_num)
LEFT JOIN components USING(part_num)
WHERE
part_num = ?
Note that I have used ? as you really should be using prepared statements: if you don't know why, or what they are, read about Bobby Tables.
How about taking not all columns, but only titles or so on?
$sSql = "SELECT id, title, 1 FROM connectors WHERE part_num = '$num'
UNION
SELECT id, title, 2 FROM adapters WHERE part_num = '$num'
UNION
SELECT id, title, 3 FROM components WHERE part_num = '$num'";
You must adopt it to your table fields, but with this logic you will have an array where by the Third column (in my example), you can know if it is connector, adapter or component found, then generate proper links or do other actions with this data.
Another Way is to make Multi query, which will return multiple results by one database request. There are some ways to use it - using mysqli (http://lt.php.net/manual/en/mysqli.multi-query.php) or some of Adodb or PDO libraries.
Hope it will help.
To use UNION, the 3 recordsets must have the same number of columns, so you'll have to specifed which columns from each table that you want. From there, you'll have a single results set with the data from each of the 3 queries.
I have a table for users. But when a user makes any changes to their profile, I store them in a temp table until I approve them. The data then is copied over to the live table and deleted from the temp table.
What I want to achieve is that when viewing the data in the admin panel, or in the page where the user can double check before submitting, I want to write a single query that will allow me to fetch the data from both tables where the id in both equals $userid. Then I want to display them a table form, where old value appears in the left column and the new value appears in the right column.
I've found some sql solutions, but I'm not sure how to use them in php to echo the results as the columns in both have the same name.
Adding AS to a column name will allow you to alias it to a different name.
SELECT table1.name AS name1, table2.name AS name2, ...
FROM table1
INNER JOIN table2
ON ...
If you use the AS SQL keyword, you can rename a column just for that query's result.
SELECT
`member.uid`,
`member.column` AS `oldvalue`,
`edit.column` AS `newvalue`
FROM member, edit
WHERE
`member.uid` = $userId AND
`edit.uid` = $userId;
Something along those lines should work for you. Although SQL is not my strong point, so I'm pretty sure that this query would not work as is, even on a table with the correct fields and values.
Here is your required query.
Let suppose you have for example name field in two tables. Table one login and table 2 information. Now
SELECT login.name as LoginName , information.name InofName
FROM login left join information on information.user_id = login.id
Now you can use LoginName and InofName anywhere you need.
Use MySQL JOIN. And you can get all data from 2 tables in one mysql query.
SELECT * FROM `table1`
JOIN `table2` ON `table1`.`userid` = `table2`.`userid`
WHERE `table1`.`userid` = 1
I currently have a page that displays player information from one table named "tblplayers". The query I am currently using is:
$result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM tblPlayers WHERE lng_RecordID_PK = '".$playerid."' ");
I have a second table named "tblMatches" containing match results for the players. I want the recordset to include the rows from "tblMatches" WHERE "P1_ID" OR "P2_ID" is equal to the "lng_RecordID_PK" field from "tblPlayers".
How can I revise my $result query so that it returns:
one row from tblPlayers
multiple rows from tblMatches
???
Thanks for helping me out.
That's called a 'join':
SELECT tblPlayers.*, tblMatches.*
FROM tblPlayers
LEFT JOIN tblMatches ON Ing_RecordID_PK IN (P1_ID, P2_ID)
You are asking about joining two tables where the second table potentially has multiple records for each one in the first table. This is a one-to-many or 1:N join, and most often done using a LEFT JOIN meaning you want everything in the "left" table, and all the records that match from the "right" table, and that you may have some records on the "left" side with no matches.
Your query would look like this:
SELECT *
FROM tblPlayers
LEFT JOIN tblMatches
ON (tblPlayers.lng_RecordID_PK = tblMatches.P1_ID
OR tblPlayers.lng_RecordID_PK = tblMatches.P2_ID)
WHERE tblPlayers.lng_RecordID_PK = #PlayerID;
Bits of advice:
Avoid selecting all columns (*) and instead select just those that you need for the query.
Consider using parameterized queries to avoid SQL injection attacks. If your variable were to be submitted or altered maliciously, it could result in compromised data or security. (See PHP Data Objects for example.)
There is no way to get rows from two different tables in the way you are describing. You could not get a row from one table, and two rows from another one. What you could is do two separate queries, or use a JOIN statement to join the two tables together, and then receive results from the resulting joined table. If you provide more information about your table structure I am sure more help can be given.
I had my query set up the other day as so
$query = "SELECT card_id,title,description,meta_description,seo_keywords,price
FROM cards,card_cheapest order by card_id";
As you can see, I was selecting card_id,title,description,meta_description,seo_keywords from the table cards, and price was coming from cheapest_card. They both have the card_id in common (in both tables). However, I ran into a bit of an issue. When I run the query in navicat lite, I receive an error "card_id is ambiguous". Was I doing something wrong?
When 2 or more tables have a column that is named the same, you have to qualify the table you want the column to be from.
i.e.:
$query = "SELECT cards.card_id,title,description,meta_description,seo_keywords,price
FROM cards,card_cheapest order by card_id";
Furthermore, do you really want to run the query this way, without a WHERE/JOIN-clause to define how to JOIN the two tables?
$query = "SELECT cards.card_id,title,description,meta_description,seo_keywords,price
FROM cards,card_cheapest WHERE cards.card_id = card_cheapest.card_id
ORDER BY card_id";
When you have the same column name in two tables you're selecting from, you have to prefix the part in the SELECT with one of the table names (it doesn't matter which if it's the same data)
such as SELECT cards.card_id, ...
EDIT: However, cularis's answer is much more explanatory than mine, and take note about joining the two card_id columns if you want to get correct results.
When you run queries that get information from multiple tables with shared field names you need to specify from which table you want to extract what field. You do this by specifying the table name before the field name.
In your case you have two options:
cards.card_id or card_cheapest.card_id.
Also I agree with #cularis, you are probably better of doing a join, but still you will need to specify which card_id you want to select: the one from cards or card_cheapest.
Is it ok to a mysql query inside a while loop using the ID of each row passed to fetch results from another table? OR is there a better way to do it?
$q = $__FROG_CONN__->query("SELECT cms_page.id, cms_page.title, cms_page.slug, cms_page_part.* FROM cms_page LEFT JOIN cms_page_part ON cms_page_part.page_id=cms_page.id WHERE cms_page.parent_id='8'");
$r = $q->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
echo '<ul id="project-list">';
foreach ($r as $row) {
echo '<li>';
echo '<img src="<img src="phpThumb/phpThumb.php?src=public/images/'.$row[0].'/th.jpg&w=162" alt="" />';
echo '<div class="p-text">';
echo '<h4>'.$row["location"].'<span>'.$row["project_date"].'</span></h4>';
echo '<p>'.$row["body"].'</p>';
echo '</div>';
echo '</li>';
}
echo '</ul>';
I am trying to pull the project_date, body and location fields from another table where the sql query matches. The title and slug are held in another table. There should only be a maximum of eight or so results but im getting alot more.
The suggestions using IN are fine, but if you are getting the ids from another query, it might be better to combine these two queries into one query using a join.
Instead of:
SELECT id FROM users WHERE age <30
SELECT id, x FROM userinfo WHERE userid IN ($id1, $id2, ..., $idn)
do:
SELECT users.id, userinfo.x
FROM users
LEFT JOIN userinfo ON userinfo.userid = users.id
WHERE age < 30
To reduce the overhead of preforming a query, you may want to look at getting all the data in a single query. In which case you may want to take a look at IN(), e.g.
SELECT * WHERE x IN (1, 2);
There is also BETWEEN()
SELECT * WHERE x BETWEEN 1 AND 2;
See the mysql docs for more information
I would try to build the query in a way where I only need to pass it once. Something like WHERE ID=1 OR ID=2 OR ... Passing multiple queries and returning multiple recordsets is expensive in terms of processing and network traffic.
This will be very inefficient, what you want is to join the tables on the ID
SELECT * FROM table1 LEFT JOIN table2 ON (table1.ID = table2.ID) WHERE condition
Mysql join documentation
This will return one set of rows with all the information you need, returned from both tables.
In a small application / small result set, this might be okay, but it results in a lot of (small) calls to the database.
If you can find an alternative way (perhaps see Yacoby's suggestion?) in which you can do one call to the database, this is probably better.
EDIT
If you are only interested in the IDs from one table, in order to get the correct results out of another table, perhaps a JOIN is what you are looking for?
SELECT t1.fieldA, t1.fieldB
FROM table1 t1
JOIN table2 t2 ON t1.ID = t2.ID
WHERE t2.someField = 'someValue'
Is it ok to a mysql query inside a while loop using the ID of each row passed to fetch results from another table? OR is there a better way to do it?
You should reformulate your query in SQL. Say, put the ids into a memory table and use it in a JOIN:
SELECT *
FROM idtable
JOIN mytable
ON mytable.id = idtable.id
This way, MySQL will make the loops for you but will make them in (usually) more efficient way.
SQL is a language designed to work with sets.
So if you have a set of ids and a table (which is a set of tuples), your first thought should be "how do I apply the set-based operations to these sets using SQL"?
Of course it is possible to run a bunch of simple queries in a loop but this way you just do extra work which SQL engine developers most probably have already done for you (and usually have done it in more efficient way).
You may want to read this article in my blog:
Double-thinking in SQL