PHP How to get a boolean average of an array - php

EDIT2: This goes to the top for a reason. This question is asked wrong, but I won´t change the title, since maybe other people are caught in this misstake. I am NOT looking for an "average" - I merely want to exit with the first "false" in an array.
My though to this questions were quite twisted - therefore I asked the wrong question.
Anyway: As stated, I won´t change the question itself.
What I want to do is basically calculate something like a boolean average of an array. I know about booleans and that they are not meant to be something with an average, but please read on to see what I am doing.
My array looks like this:
$array = array(
true,
false,
true,
true
);
I now want to get an AND-operation done on this array to see, if everything in there is true or if a subfunction returned false. This is basically a list of results from different subfunctions.
This specific example then should return false, because $array[1] is false.
EDIT:
What I am looking for is a builtin PHP-function which seems not to exists. A custom implementation has the advantage to exit the iteration over this array in comparison to in_array() which might not do this.
Can you help me out, stackoverflow?

Try in_array:
$array = array(
true,
false,
true,
true
);
echo in_array(false, $array);
If one of the elements is false, it will return false otherwise it returns true.
Update: in_array, returns out of the loop as soon as the searched value is matched. The worst case I suppose is when you have a single false at the end of the searched array. The linked source are for PHP 5.3.
As far as strict checking is concerned, you can do so passing in the third parameter to in_array:
echo in_array(false, $array, true);

Come on, it would appear you didn't even try:
function checkArray(array $in)
{
foreach ($in as $bool)
{
if (!$bool)//replace with type&value checking if that's what you're after
return false;
}
return true;
}
var_dump(checkArray(array(true, false, true, true)));//false
var_dump(checkArray(array(true, true)));//true
There are, of course, a bunch of alternative ways to do what you want/need, depending on what the actual data will look like. If it's all booleans:
if (array_sum($array) != count($array))
{//true == 1, array_sum(array(true, true)) == count(array(true, true)) == 2
echo 'array contains false, or non-boolean values, like 123';
}
//for a real average:
$avg = round(array_sum($array)/count($array));
The latter will yield 1 if 50%>= of the values in the array are true, and 0 otherwise. It's then a simple matter of casting that value to a boolean to get the "average bool value":
$avg = (bool) round(
array_sum($array)/count($array)
);
or, for example:
$valsAsKey = array_flip(
array_map(
'intval',//make ints
$array
)
);
if (isset($valsAsKey[0]))
{//(int) false === 0
echo 'False in array';
}
Though these approaches don't use iteration explicitly, they do iterate the array data implicitly. A quick test did show that the simple foreach outperformed the other approaches here.

I have tried around a lot, until i came to this final result.
This is my code:
<?php
$array = array();
$array[] = true;
$array[] = false;
$array[] = false;
$array[] = true;
$array[] = false;
var_dump($array);
if((count($array)/2) <= array_sum($array)){
echo "true";
// return true
} else {
echo "false";
// return false
}
?>
it counts the elements of the array, and compares it with the COUNTED trues (array_sum($array)). Then it returns true or false, dependent on result.

You could iterate through the array and set a result to false if any vals are false;
$result = true;
foreach ($array as $v) {
if ($v===false) $result = false;
}

You can use array_filter without callback. In this case all entries of array equal to false will be removed.
if (count(array_filter($array)) == count($array)) echo 'TRUE';

Related

why does in_array return true when a value only begins with what is in an array

I've noticed a strange thing about PHP's in_array function. For some reason, it will only check if the first character(s) of the needle match with any of the values of the haystack - as opposed to if the whole needle is in the haystack.
For example, in a situation where $string equals 1thisisatest, the following script will return In array.
$allowed = [0, 1];
if(in_array($string, $allowed)){
echo "In array";
} else {
echo "Not in array";
}
Whereas if $string equals 2thisatest, the script will return Not in array.
Now either this is a bug, or a very strange feature. Wouldn't you want it to check needles against the haystack exactly as they appear?
If this is, indeed, how the function is supposed to work, how does one go about getting the intended result without iterating over every single element in the array? Seems kind of pointless.
EDIT:
Some of you are saying to use strict mode. This is all fine and dandy, until you checking against $_GET data, which is always a string. So the following will return false:
$value = $_GET["value"]; // this returns "1"
in_array($value, [0, 1], true)
Because the in_array function uses the == operator. Thus 1 == "1thisisatest" - so, in_array will return true.
To fix this you can enabled strict mode:
// in the third parameter (to use === instead of ==)
in_array($search_value, $array_name, true)`
in_array by default uses == which will follow the rules of type juggling
The solution is to use strict comparison:
in_array($value, [0, 1], true);
If you are concerned about $_GET variables you need to ensure you always validate and sanitize your input before using it otherwise you might end up with strange results:
$value = filter_input(INPUT_GET, 'value', FILTER_VALIDATE_INT);
in_array($value, [0, 1], true);
It is always good to validate and sanitize your input to avoid things like e.g. someone calling your URL as ?value[]=1 which will mean $_GET['value'] will be an array causing (most likely) errors in the best case and strange undocumented behaviour in the worst case.
Make $allowed an array of strings and use strict mode.
$allowed = ["0", "1"];
if (in_array($_GET['value'], $allowed, true)) {
echo "In array";
} else {
echo "Not in array";
}
If you need to be more accurate you have to put the boolean true in your function like this:
$string = "1thisisatest";
$allowed = array(0, 1);
if(in_array($string, $allowed, true)){
echo "In array";
} else {
echo "Not in array";
}

What is a shorthand way for checking that multiple variables are ALL equal to the same value in an IF statement? (PHP)

Is there a shorthand way of writing the code below?
if (($tstat=='no_prices')&&($l1stat=='no_prices')&&($l2stat=='no_prices')&&($l3stat=='no_prices'))
{
//do something
}
I tried using the below code,but it did something when one of the variables was not equal to 'no_prices'.
if (($tstat && $l1stat && $l2stat && $l3stat)=='no_prices')
{
//do something
}
To check that the strings weren't causing problems I tried substituting 0 for 'no_prices' and 1 for other values, but the result was the same.
array_flip is several times faster than array_unique:
function all_equal($arr, $value) {
return array_keys(array_flip($arr)) == array($value);
}
$arr = array($tstat, $l1stat, $l2stat, $l3stat);
echo all_equal($arr, 'no_prices');
A quick profile for the answers given thus far, for 1000 iterations on array length 1000:
array_flip: 0.07321620 seconds
array_unique: 0.32569408 seconds
foreach: 0.15136194 seconds
array_filter: 0.41404295 seconds
The code used to profile is here: http://codepad.org/szgNfWHe
Note: As #cypherabe rightly points out, array_flip does not overtake array_unique until the array has at least 5 elements, and does not overtake foreach until the array has at least 10 elements.
Unless I'm mistaken, there's no native way of doing this. If this is something that you have to check for often, try using a custom function for it, e.g.:
function allEquals($chkstr, $vals) {
if (!is_array($vals)) { die('allEquals() $vals not an array'); }
foreach ($vals AS $v) {
if ($chkstr != $v) { return false; }
}
return true;
}
My first idea would go into PHP's Array API:
// $tstadt, $l1stat, … are all "no_prices"
$isAllNoPrice = array_unique(array($tstat, $l1stat, …)) == array("no_prices"));
if ($isAllNoPrice) {
// …
}
Documentation is mandatory otherwise nobody (including yourself) will understand the code.
If efficiency might be a concern others pointed out that array_unique() seems to be slow. Using the keys of the hash table would be a next approach:
// $tstadt, $l1stat, … are all "no_prices"
$varsMap = array(
$tstat => null,
$l1stat => null,
// …
);
if (array_keys($varsMap) == array("no_prices")) {
// …
}
But now the wall of code is growing. PHP offers one operator which nearly does what you want and is chainable: &
$v1 = "no_prices";
$v2 = "no_prices";
$v3 = "no_prices";
var_dump(($v1 & $v2 & $v3) == "no_prices"); // bool(true)
$v3 = "prices";
var_dump(($v1 & $v2 & $v3) == "no_prices"); // bool(false)
I said it nearly does what you want: There are cases in which you will have false positives:
$v1 = 1;
$v2 = 1;
$v3 = 3;
var_dump(($v1 & $v2 & $v3) == 1); // bool(true)
For Strings it seems to cut the bitmask to the shortest string:
$v1 = "abcd";
$v2 = "ab";
$v3 = "abc";
var_dump($v1 & $v2 & $v3); // "ab"
var_dump(($v1 & $v2 & $v3) == "ab"); // bool(true)
So I don't recommend this as a general purpose solution. Only if you know (=unit tested) that your values are in a set where no combination never results to a false positive (e.g. {"dog", "cat", "horse"}) you might consider this solution. I gave it a second thought and must say don't use that at all. Imagine how your colleagues will love you for searching a bug introduced by that method.
In your case you can do:
if (count(array_unique($tstat, $l1stat, $l2stat, $l3stat)) == 1 //Check if all share the same value (i.e., number of unique values is 1
&& $tstat == 'no_prices')) //If everything is the same and $stat == 'no_prices', then everything is 'no_prices'
{
}
<?php
$tstat = $l1stat = $l2stat = $l3stat = 'no_prices';
$testVars = array($tstat,$l1stat,$l2stat,$l3stat);
if(count(array_filter($testVars, function($x) { return $x === 'no_prices'; })) == count($testVars))
{
print("Correct");
}
Use array_filter with a anonymous callback, and check if its length is greater is equal to original array i.e. all conditions passed,
or if length is greater than zero i.e. any one condition passed
No, this code won't work:
if (($tstat&&$l1stat&&$l2stat&&$l3stat)=='no_prices')
{
//do something
}
Why? Because condition in parentheses, will check result itself - You are comparing boolean to string. So in pseudo-code, thats what your code looks like:
if ( ($tstat is true, $l1stat is true, $l2stat is true, $l3stat is true) == 'no_prices' )
^ whole thing returns true ^ ^ true ^
If you wan't to achieve this, you can use count() and array_unique():
if ($tstat == 'no_prices' && count(array_unique(array($tstat, $l1stat, $l2stat, $l3stat))) == 1)
try this:
$arr = array($tstat,$l1stat,...); //make an array
$arr =array_unique($arr);//unique this array
if(count($arr) == 1 && $arr[0] = 'no_prices'){ // check if only one array element have with same value
echo "got it";
}
demo example
The answer is "no". There's no shorthand to the given condition that will make your code more readable, which should be your top priority. You can improve it though:
define('MYAPP_NO_PRICES', 'no_prices');
if ($tstat === MYAPP_NO_PRICES
&& $l1stat === MYAPP_NO_PRICES
&& $l2stat === MYAPP_NO_PRICES
&& $l3stat === MYAPP_NO_PRICES) {
// do something
}
Having all these vars to check individually is a code smell; you might want to rethink this design so you never have to do this.

array_search and destroy logic error

I am trying to search an array and see if a value is contained in it. If the value is in the array then the index of the value in the array will be passed onto be removed from the array.
The problem is array_search returns FALSE if the value is not found, but since false is a boolean it is also treated as 0. When this is passed to the unset to remove the value from the array the value at index 0 will be removed if array_search returned false.
I am fairly sure it will need to be put into an if statement but how will I handle the response if both an integer and a boolean can both be returned?
Current Code:
$pos = array_search($value, $array);
unset($array[$pos]);
PHP Doc says..
This function may return Boolean FALSE, but may also return a
non-Boolean value which evaluates to FALSE. Please read the section on
Booleans for more information. Use the === operator for testing the
return value of this function.
So you need to do like this
<?php
$arr = [1,2,3];
$pos = array_search(4, $arr);
if($pos!==false)
{
unset($arr[$pos]);
}
print_r($arr);
OUTPUT
Array
(
[0] => 1
[1] => 2
[2] => 3
)
As you can see the first index is retained.
try this
if($pos !== false)
{
// do your work to unset
}
note !== in above code
$x !== $y is True if $x is not equal to $y, or they are not of the same type
You can try this script, hope this will help you...
if(in_array($value, $array)){
$pos = array_search($value, $array);
unset($array[$pos]);
}

PHP Count Number of True Values in a Boolean Array

I have an associative array in which I need to count the number of boolean true values within.
The end result is to create an if statement in which would return true when only one true value exists within the array. It would need to return false if there are more then one true values within the array, or if there are no true values within the array.
I know the best route would be to use count and in_array in some form. I'm not sure this would work, just off the top of my head but even if it does, is this the best way?
$array(a->true,b->false,c->true)
if (count(in_array(true,$array,true)) == 1)
{
return true
}
else
{
return false
}
I would use array_filter.
$array = array(true, true, false, false);
echo count(array_filter($array));
//outputs: 2
Array_filter will remove values that are false-y (value == false). Then just get a count. If you need to filter based on some special value, like if you are looking for a specific value, array_filter accepts an optional second parameter that is a function you can define to return whether a value is true (not filtered) or false (filtered out).
Since TRUE is casted to 1 and FALSE is casted to 0. You can also use array_sum
$array = array('a'=>true,'b'=>false,'c'=>true);
if(array_sum($array) == 1) {
//one and only one true in the array
}
From the doc : "FALSE will yield 0 (zero), and TRUE will yield 1 (one)."
Try this approach :
<?php
$array = array(1, "hello", 1, "world", "hello");
print_r(array_count_values($array));
?>
Result :
Array
(
[1] => 2
[hello] => 2
[world] => 1
)
Documentation
like this?
$trues = 0;
foreach((array)$array as $arr) {
$trues += ($arr ? 1 : 0);
}
return ($trues==1);
Have you tried using array_count_values to get an array with everything counted? Then check how many true's there are?

Check if all values in array are the same

I need to check if all values in an array equal the same thing.
For example:
$allValues = array(
'true',
'true',
'true',
);
If every value in the array equals 'true' then I want to echo 'all true'. If any value in the array equals 'false' then I want to echo 'some false'
Any idea on how I can do this?
All values equal the test value:
// note, "count(array_flip($allvalues))" is a tricky but very fast way to count the unique values.
// "end($allvalues)" is a way to get an arbitrary value from an array without needing to know a valid array key. For example, assuming $allvalues[0] exists may not be true.
if (count(array_flip($allvalues)) === 1 && end($allvalues) === 'true') {
}
or just test for the existence of the thing you don't want:
if (in_array('false', $allvalues, true)) {
}
Prefer the latter method if you're sure that there's only 2 possible values that could be in the array, as it's much more efficient. But if in doubt, a slow program is better than an incorrect program, so use the first method.
If you can't use the second method, your array is very large, and the contents of the array is likely to have more than 1 value (especially if the 2nd value is likely to occur near the beginning of the array), it may be much faster to do the following:
/**
* Checks if an array contains at most 1 distinct value.
* Optionally, restrict what the 1 distinct value is permitted to be via
* a user supplied testValue.
*
* #param array $arr - Array to check
* #param null $testValue - Optional value to restrict which distinct value the array is permitted to contain.
* #return bool - false if the array contains more than 1 distinct value, or contains a value other than your supplied testValue.
* #assert isHomogenous([]) === true
* #assert isHomogenous([], 2) === true
* #assert isHomogenous([2]) === true
* #assert isHomogenous([2, 3]) === false
* #assert isHomogenous([2, 2]) === true
* #assert isHomogenous([2, 2], 2) === true
* #assert isHomogenous([2, 2], 3) === false
* #assert isHomogenous([2, 3], 3) === false
* #assert isHomogenous([null, null], null) === true
*/
function isHomogenous(array $arr, $testValue = null) {
// If they did not pass the 2nd func argument, then we will use an arbitrary value in the $arr (that happens to be the first value).
// By using func_num_args() to test for this, we can properly support testing for an array filled with nulls, if desired.
// ie isHomogenous([null, null], null) === true
$testValue = func_num_args() > 1 ? $testValue : reset($arr);
foreach ($arr as $val) {
if ($testValue !== $val) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
Note: Some answers interpret the original question as (1) how to check if all values are the same, while others interpreted it as (2) how to check if all values are the same and make sure that value equals the test value. The solution you choose should be mindful of that detail.
My first 2 solutions answered #2. My isHomogenous() function answers #1, or #2 if you pass it the 2nd arg.
Why not just compare count after calling array_unique()?
To check if all elements in an array are the same, should be as simple as:
$allValuesAreTheSame = (count(array_unique($allValues, SORT_REGULAR)) === 1);
This should work regardless of the type of values in the array.
Update: Added the SORT_REGULAR flag to avoid implicit type-casting as pointed out by Yann Chabot
Also, you can condense goat's answer in the event it's not a binary:
if (count(array_unique($allvalues)) === 1 && end($allvalues) === 'true') {
// ...
}
to
if (array_unique($allvalues) === array('foobar')) {
// all values in array are "foobar"
}
If your array contains actual booleans (or ints) instead of strings, you could use array_sum:
$allvalues = array(TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
if(array_sum($allvalues) == count($allvalues)) {
echo 'all true';
} else {
echo 'some false';
}
http://codepad.org/FIgomd9X
This works because TRUE will be evaluated as 1, and FALSE as 0.
You can compare min and max... not the fastest way ;p
$homogenous = ( min($array) === max($array) );
$alltrue = 1;
foreach($array as $item) {
if($item!='true') { $alltrue = 0; }
}
if($alltrue) { echo("all true."); }
else { echo("some false."); }
Technically this doesn't test for "some false," it tests for "not all true." But it sounds like you're pretty sure that the only values you'll get are 'true' and 'false'.
Another option:
function same($arr) {
return $arr === array_filter($arr, function ($element) use ($arr) {
return ($element === $arr[0]);
});
}
Usage:
same(array(true, true, true)); // => true
Answering my method for people searching in 2023.
$arr = [5,5,5,5,5];
$flag = 0;
$firstElement = $arr[0];
foreach($arr as $val){
// CHECK IF THE FIRST ELEMENT DIFFERS FROM ANY OTHER ELEMENT IN THE ARRAY
if($firstElement != $val){
// FIRST MISMATCH FOUND. UPDATE FLAG VALUE AND BREAK OUT OF THE LOOP.
$flag = 1;
break;
}
}
if($flag == 0){
// ALL THE ELEMENTS ARE SAME... DO SOMETHING
}else{
// ALL THE ELEMENTS ARE NOT SAME... DO SOMETHING
}
In an array where all elements are same, it should always be true that all the elements MUST match with the first element of the array. Keeping this logic in mind, we can get the first element of the array and iterate through each element in the array to check for that first element in the loop which does not match with the first element in the array. If found, we will change the flag value and break out of the loop immediately. Else, the loop will continue till it reaches the end. Later, outside the loop, we can use this flag value to determine if all the elements in the array are same or not.
This solution is good for arrays with definite limit of elements (small array). However, I am not sure how good this solution would be for arrays with very large number of elements present considering that we are looping through each and every element to check for the first break even point. Please use this solution at your own convenience and judgement.
$x = 0;
foreach ($allvalues as $a) {
if ($a != $checkvalue) {
$x = 1;
}
}
//then check against $x
if ($x != 0) {
//not all values are the same
}

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