I am trying to display a field from a 3rd table in a relationship, and after checking posts here and the docs, I am still stuck.I have 3 models all related in some way. I have found similar posts here but I am still not getting it to work. I am learning so sorry if I have missed this somewhere in the docs but I have read a fair bit and have tried a lot. I am guessing too much now on this so I need help.
1)Tutorsession - belongsto teachers,
2) Teacher -has 1 user,hasmany tutorsessions
3) User- has 1 teacher, //////I want to display a field from this table given I display tutorsessions
In controller
$this->set('tutor',
$this->Tutorsession->find('first',
array(
'conditions' => array('Teacher.user_id' => $id),
'contain' => 'User.username'
)
)
); //////////no error but no results
from view echo '<td>'. $item['User']['username'].'</td>'; ///////error user undefined
The tutorsession automatically gets rows from teacher table but not user table witht he model setup on a findall.
I want to display a username from the user table. I display the tutorsession table , I then can display the teacher table with the model association but I cant go from the teacher table to the user table to get a user name from the user id as the common field. I have checked the docs below and I am not sure why my code isnt ble to display a username from users table.
http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/behaviors/containable.html
http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/retrieving-your-data.html
update: here are the models
class User extends AppModel {
public $hasOne = array(
'Teacher' => array(
'className' => 'Teacher',
'dependent' => true
)
class Tutorsession extends AppModel
{
public $name='Tutorsession';
public $belongsTo = array(
'Teacher' => array(
'className' => 'Teacher',
'foreignKey' => 'teacher_id'
)
class Teacher extends AppModel
{
public $name='Teacher';
public $hasMany = array('Tutorsession');
public $belongsTo = array(
'User' => array(
'className' => 'User',
'foreignKey' => 'user_id'
)
);
Add containable behavior in your Model
public $actsAs = array('Containable');
Execute following query In controller
$contain = array('Teacher' => array('User'));
$this->set('tutor', $this->Tutorsession->find('first',array(
'conditions' => array('Teacher.user_id' => $id),
'contain' => $contain
)));
Try this:
$this->Tutorsession->recursive = 2;
$this->Tutorsession->Teacher->contain('User');
$this->set('tutor',
$this->Tutorsession->find('first',
array(
'conditions' => array('Teacher.user_id' => $id)
)
)
);
$tutor=$this->Teacher->find('first',
array(
'conditions' => array('Teacher.user_id' => $id)
)
);
debug($tutor); exit();
Your result similar:
'Teacher' => array(
'id' => '1',
'name' => 'abc',
'created' => '1397040385',
'updated' => '1397725860'
),
'User' => array(
'id' => '4',
'name' => 'administrators',
'created' => '1397032953',
'modified' => '1397032953'
),
'Tutorsession' => array(
0=>array(
'id' => '3',
'name'=>'abc',
'created' => '1400729137'
),
1=>array(
'id' => '4',
'name'=>'abc',
'created' => '1400729137'
)
)
Ensure your models are correct
Related
I'm using CakePHP 2.6.7.
Here is my database (simplified) :
***Users***
id
username
***Cars***
id
CarMake
CarModel
NumberPlate
user_id
***Addresses***
id
address
postalcode
city
country
***Addresses_Users***
user_id
address_id
This is what I want :
One user can have multiple cars and one car is owned by only one user.
One user can have multiple addresses and one address can by owned by multiple users.
One car can have multiple addresses and one address can be owned by multiple cars.
So right now I have a model User.php :
<?php
class User extends AppModel {
public $hasMany = array(
'Car' => array(
'classname' => 'Car')
);
public $hasAndBelongsToMany = array(
'Address' => array(
'classname' => 'Address')
);
?>
And a model Car.php :
<?php
class Car extends AppModel {
public $belongsTo = array(
'User' => array(
'className' => 'User'
)
);
public $hasMany = array(
'Address' => array(
'classname' => 'Address')
);
}
?>
And a model Address.php :
<?php
class Address extends AppModel {
public $belongsTo = array(
'User' => array(
'className' => 'User'
),
'Car' => array(
'classname' => 'Car')
);
}
?>
I tried to link cars with addresses but I can't get it to work...
If I do a debug($this->User->find()); I have this result :
array(
'User' => array(
'id' => '1',
'username' => 'wblondel',
),
'Car' => array(
(int) 0 => array(
'id' => '2',
'CarMake' => 'Allard',
'CarModel' => '2005',
'NumberPlate' => '56QDS1',
'user_id' => '1',
),
(int) 1 => array(
'id' => '5',
'CarMake' => 'Alvis',
'CarModel' => '25',
'NumberPlate' => '5lDS1',
'user_id' => '1',
)
),
'Address' => array(
(int) 0 => array(
'id' => '2',
'address' => 'fghfghgf',
'postalcode' => '78200',
'city' => 'buchelay',
'country' => '40'
),
(int) 1 => array(
'id' => '3',
'address' => 'jkjkjk',
'postalcode' => '69100',
'city' => 'villeurbanne',
'country' => '59'
)
)
)
What I would firstly like is that in each car there is an array "address"...
Thanks!
From what you've described your associations look wrong. They should be something like:-
User
<?php
class User extends AppModel {
public $hasMany = array(
'Car'
);
public $hasAndBelongsToMany = array(
'Address'
);
}
Car
<?php
class Car extends AppModel {
public $belongsTo = array(
'User'
);
public $hasAndBelongsToMany = array(
'Address'
);
}
Address
<?php
class Address extends AppModel {
public $hasAndBelongsToMany = array(
'Car',
'User'
);
}
You don't need to use className unless the alias you want to use is different from the model name or the model belongs to a plugin.
Then if you use the Containable behavior you should be able to get everything back using something like:-
$this->User->find(
'all',
array(
'contain' => array(
'Address',
'Car' => array(
'Address'
)
)
)
);
To control what exactly is retrieved from a find() query, you can use the ContainableBehavior.
By the way I think you have an error in your Address model as an address doesn't "belong to" a user, but can have many ones. It should be an HABTM relation as you have done in the User model.
I am having problems with the CakePHP belongsTo and hasAndBelongsToMany relationships in CakePHP 2.x
Example situation
Table users
id
organisation_id
Table organisations
id
name
Table user_organisation_permissions
id
user_id
organisation_id
UserModel
hasAndBelongsToMany(Organisation);
belongsTo(Organisation)
A user belongs to one organisation but it has permissions on multiple organisations, resulting in the following conflict:
$aUser = $this->User->findById(1);
print_r($aUser);
// Output
# With the belongsTo relation
array(
'User' => array(
'id' => 1,
'organisation_id' => 1
'name' => 'Test User'
),
'Organisation' => array(
'id' => 1,
'name' => 'Test organisation'
)
);
# With the hasAndBelongsToMany relation
array(
'User' => array(
'id' => 1,
'organisation_id' => 1
'name' => 'Test User'
),
'Organisation' => array(
1 => array(
'id' => 1,
'name' => 'Test organisation'
),
2 => array(
'id' => 1,
'name' => 'Test organisation'
)
)
);
# When both relations are enabled it doesn't work
Does anybody have a solution for this conflict?
Is there a "native" CakePHP solution for this conflict?
The answer is actually in the CakePHP 2.x Cookbook.
Multiple relations to the same model
There are cases where a Model has more than one relation to another Model. For example, you might have a Message model that has two relations to the User model: one relation to the user who sends a message, and a second to the user who receives the message. The messages table will have a field user_id, but also a field recipient_id. Now your Message model can look something like:
class Message extends AppModel {
public $belongsTo = array(
'Sender' => array(
'className' => 'User',
'foreignKey' => 'user_id'
),
'Recipient' => array(
'className' => 'User',
'foreignKey' => 'recipient_id'
)
);
}
Source: http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/associations-linking-models-together.html#multiple-relations-to-the-same-model
As I understood from the cakephp-documentation, one of the advantages of the 'containable'-Behavior is being able to fetch fewer data if you need fewer data...
But that doesn't seem to work in my case of a connection between users and usergroups.
My associations look like:
Group
hasMany: Membership
User
hasMany: Membership
Membership
belongsTo: User, Group
(I'm not using HABTM, instead use the Model 'Membership' in between to join users and groups).
All Models implement the 'Containable'-Behavior.
Now I want to get all the members of a group with a certain id, only their ids and mail-addresses. My query is built like that:
$members = $this->Membership->find('all', array(
'conditions' => array(
'group_id' => $id
),
'contain' => array(
'User' => array(
'fields' => array('id', 'fullName')
),
)
));
But the resulting array looks like:
array(
(int) 0 => array(
'Membership' => array(
'id' => '1',
'group_id' => '1',
'user_id' => '1',
'role' => 'member'
),
'Group' => array(
'id' => '1',
'name' => 'Foo Group'
),
'User' => array(
'password' => '*****',
'id' => '1',
'name' => 'Dr. Foo'
'mail' => 'foo#bar.baz',
'role' => 'admin'
)
)
)
So there are definietely more fields fetched than I wanted to... (it's the same thing btw wenn I set the 'contain'-key to:
'contain' => array(
'User.fullName', 'User.id'
)
Am I using the containable-behavior wrong?
Your models don't seem to be acting containabl-y at all. Have you set your models to act as containable?
class Post extends AppModel {
public $actsAs = array('Containable');
}
If so, maybe the problem is with the recursion (to avoid getting the Group array with the query). Containable behavior should handle the recursion level on its own, but try setting it on the AppModel just to be sure
class AppModel extends Model {
public $actsAs = array('Containable');
public $recursive = -1;
Your first attempt
'contain' => array(
'User' => array(
'fields' => array('id', 'fullName')
),
)
looks good in terms of syntax, so it probably the actAs thing.
Also, for debugging also, try
$this->Membership->contain('User');
$this->Membership->find('all', array(
'conditions' => array(
'group_id' => $id
));
and see if you get the expected results that way.
Hi, I am new to cakephp and doing a project on cakephp 2.3.4.
I have to associate product metal class through has many through association . But it doesn't seem to be working.
Model code
class Metal extends AppModel {
public $hasMany = array(
'MetalProduct'
);
}
class Product extends AppModel {
public $hasMany = array(
'MetalProduct'
);
}
App::uses('AppModel', 'Model');
class MetalProduct extends AppModel {
public $belongsTo = array(
'Metal' => array(
'className' => 'Metal',
'foreignKey' => 'metal_id'
),
'Product' => array(
'className' => 'Product',
'foreignKey' => 'product_id'
)
);}
My database table names are metal, products and metal_products
I have multiple select option for selecting more than one metal type.
This is how I get the the list of metals
$metals=$this->Metal->find('list');
$this->set(compact('metals'));
FormHelper code for listbox is
<?php echo $this->Form->input('Metal',array('type' => 'select',
'multiple' => true)); ?>
The product is getting saved successfully but the associations are not.
The debug array give me this
$message = array(
'Product' => array(
'category_id' => '517a514b-0eb0-4ec9-b018-0b948620d4f0',
'name' => 'mangalsutra Diamond',
'slug' => 'mangalsutra_diamond',
'description' => '1212',
'Metal' => array(
(int) 0 => '5183cb65-bf90-459c-b22e-0b748620d4f0',
(int) 1 => '5183ce25-c744-433e-b035-0b748620d4f0'
),
'image' => '121212',
'price' => '12121',
'weight' => '12',
'active' => '1',
'category' => 'Mangalsutra'
)
)
I had put my head through walls but no clue why the associations are not getting saved.
The way they say in tutorials it seems easy, but why its not working?
I have doubts that its not saving because the metal array is passed like this
'Metal' => array(
(int) 0 => '5183cb65-bf90-459c-b22e-0b748620d4f0',
(int) 1 => '5183ce25-c744-433e-b035-0b748620d4f0'
),
It should mention 'id''rather than (int) 0 or something.
Also, my database table for metal_products which I have created manually has
id(primary key)
metal_id(foreign key to Metal.id)
product_id(foreign key to Product.id)
Am I doing something wrong with naming conventions or the way database is created?
Please give me correct ans cause anything I tried from others answer is not working
I am saving it via
$this->Product->saveAll($this->request->data, array('deep' => true))
In your model, is all of that in your MetalProduct Model? If so you need to move
class Metal extends AppModel {
public $hasMany = array(
'MetalProduct'
);
}
to the Metal model and
class Product extends AppModel {
public $hasMany = array(
'MetalProduct'
);
}
to the Product Model
Also add your belongsTo to each Model
I see you have a join table. Join tables are usually for HABTM associations. This is a HasMany. You need to use the other options available to define the foreign key relationships in each model as outlined above.
Please see the examples on the Cake Documentation.
http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/associations-linking-models-together.html
Also, if you are unsure of how to set up the models correctly, you can always use the Bake feature of Cakephp to generate the models and code for you in that regard.
book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/console-and-shells/code-generation-with-bake.html
If you are more of a visual learner this video tut should help you through the basics
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kJAMifqF5s8
The Relation i generated using Bake looks something like this
class Product extends AppModel {
/**
* hasAndBelongsToMany associations
*/
public $hasAndBelongsToMany = array(
'Metal' => array(
'className' => 'Metal',
'joinTable' => 'metals_products',
'foreignKey' => 'product_id',
'associationForeignKey' => 'metal_id',
'unique' => 'keepExisting',
'conditions' => '',
'fields' => '',
'order' => '',
'limit' => '',
'offset' => '',
'finderQuery' => '',
'deleteQuery' => '',
'insertQuery' => ''
));
}
class Metal extends AppModel {
/** hasAndBelongsToMany associations */
public $hasAndBelongsToMany = array(
'Product' => array(
'className' => 'Product',
'joinTable' => 'metals_products',
'foreignKey' => 'metal_id',
'associationForeignKey' => 'product_id',
'unique' => 'keepExisting',
'conditions' => '',
'fields' => '',
'order' => '',
'limit' => '',
'offset' => '',
'finderQuery' => '',
'deleteQuery' => '',
'insertQuery' => ''
));
}
/**
* MetalsProduct Model
* #property Product $Product
* #property Metal $Metal
*/
class MetalsProduct extends AppModel {
/* belongsTo associations */
public $belongsTo = array(
'Product' => array(
'className' => 'Product',
'foreignKey' => 'product_id',
'conditions' => '',
'fields' => '',
'order' => ''
),
'Metal' => array(
'className' => 'Metal',
'foreignKey' => 'metal_id',
'conditions' => '',
'fields' => '',
'order' => ''
));
}
This worked for me flawlessly.
Hope it works for all.
I have three tables: Users, Profiles, and Friends.
They are connected like so:
public $name = 'User';
public $hasOne = 'Profile';
public $hasMany = array(
'Post',
'Answer'
);
public $hasAndBelongsToMany = array(
'User'=>array(
'className' => 'User',
'joinTable' => 'friends',
'foreignKey' => 'user_from',
'associationForeignKey' => 'user_to'
)
);
and the profile model is just a belongsTo user so I have not shown that, and the friends model is virtual by doing the association in the user model.
So to get a list of friends for a user. I pass the username like so in the friends controller:
public function index( $username )
{
$friends = $this->User->find('first',
array(
'conditions'=>array(
'User.username'=>$username
),
'contain'=>array(
'Profile',
'Friend'=>array(
'conditions'=>array(
'Friend.status'=>1
),
'contain'=>'Profile'
)
)
)
);
$this->set('friends', $friends);
}
Which should pull the data for the friends and there associated Profile info!
However I get this error: Model "Friend" is not associated with model "Profile" [APP/Cake/Model/Behavior/ContainableBehavior.php, line 339] so something isn't working correctly...
Can anyone help?
I tried changing the name of he hasAndBelongsToMany to Friends in the model but that throw an error that the table wasn't unqiue... so that's not the solution either.
Tables:
**users**
id
username
password
**profiles**
id
name
user_id
**friends**
id
user_from
user_to
status
If I change the Model to become:
public $hasAndBelongsToMany = array(
'Friend'=>array(
'className' => 'Friend',
'joinTable' => 'friends',
'foreignKey' => 'user_from',
'associationForeignKey' => 'user_to'
)
);
then I get this error:
Database Error
Error: SQLSTATE[42000]: Syntax error or access violation: 1066 Not unique table/alias: 'Friend'
SQL Query: SELECT `Friend`.`id`, `Friend`.`user_from`, `Friend`.`user_to`, `Friend`.`created`, `Friend`.`status`, `Friend`.`id`, `Friend`.`user_from`, `Friend`.`user_to`, `Friend`.`created`, `Friend`.`status` FROM `db52704_favorr`.`friends` AS `Friend` JOIN `db52704_favorr`.`friends` AS `Friend` ON (`Friend`.`user_from` = 6 AND `Friend`.`user_to` = `Friend`.`id`)
Models and aliases of related models should be unique. In your case the problem is:
public $name = 'User';
...
public $hasAndBelongsToMany = array(
'User'=>array(
...
If friends is the join table name, than you could use Friend as the alias of the friend User.
Second thing is you're trying to contain both User => Profile and User => Friend => Profile which is probably also problematic.
In my experience, deep contains can get quite inefficient. You might consider dropping the Friend's Profile from the contain, and then extracting the friend user ids and getting the profiles separately.
Your Friend model has no user_id and thats why User model can't make contact with Friend. Try with the following:
public function index( $username )
{
$this->User->Behaviors->attach('Containable');
$friends = $this->User->find('first',
array(
'conditions'=>array(
'User.username'=>$username
),
'contain'=>array(
'Profile',
'Friend'=>array(
'conditions'=>array(
'Friend.status'=>1
)
)
)
)
);
$this->set('friends', $friends);
}
I think you are looking for something like this:
User.php
public $hasAndBelongsToMany = array(
'Friend'=>array(
'className' => 'User',
'joinTable' => 'friends',
'foreignKey' => 'user_from',
'associationForeignKey' => 'user_to'
)
);
This will alias the User table as a Friend to itself in a habtm relationship. To keep with convention, the join table should be called friends_users with user_id and friend_id keys.
Here's the result I get with a test app I made (just add your conditions):
$this->User->contain(array(
'Profile',
'Friend' => array(
'Profile',
),
));
debug($this->User->find('all', array('conditions' => array('User.id' => 1))));
array(
(int) 0 => array(
'User' => array(
'id' => '1',
'name' => 'user1'
),
'Profile' => array(
'id' => '1',
'user_id' => '1'
),
'Friend' => array(
(int) 0 => array(
'id' => '2',
'name' => 'user2',
'FriendsUser' => array(
'id' => '1',
'user_id' => '1',
'friend_id' => '2'
),
'Profile' => array(
'id' => '2',
'user_id' => '2'
)
)
)
)
)