comparing two arrays and getting the number of same value - php

i am trying to compare two arrays using PHP. for example.
$one = ["A", "C", "B", "D", "A", so on....]
$two = ["A", "B", "B", "C", "A", so on....]
What I want to do is to compare the arrays and get the number of items that are the same. I only compare items with the same index. this is what i had in mind
$ctr=0;
if ($one[0] == $two[0]){
$ctr++;
}
if ($one[1] == $two[1]){
$ctr++;
}
// so on.......
echo $ctr++;
but the above code is only appropriate for fixed length of array. could anyone one help me with the code?

Take a look
$common = array_intersect($one,$two);
echo count($common);
// for key
$common = array_intersect_key($one,$two);
echo count($common);

First, you can use loop instead of writing manually every condition. Demo:
$ctr = 0;
for($i = 0; $i < count($one); $i++) {
$ctr += $one[$i] == $two[$i];
}
If you want to compare items with same index and length of array may differ, then,
$ctr = 0;
for($i = 0; $i < min(count($one), count($two)); $i ++) {
$ctr += $one[$i] == $two[$i];
}
In the second piece of code we check till the end of the shorter array.
If you are not interested in order, matching at any place would do, try array_intersect And for additional with index checking Array_intersect_assoc

You can use following to fulfill so:
$arr = array_intersect(array('a', 'b', 'c', 'd'),array('c', 'd', 'e', 'f'));
$array_length = sizeof($arr);
Hope this will help you.

Related

Multiply two arrays

I have two arrays which I want to multiply and get the final sum. First one is fixed but the second one could have missing elements. For example:
$array1 = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
$array2 = array(1, 3, 5);
Lets say I've got missing elements $array2[1] and $array2[3]. I want to be able to multiply and sum up the rest as:
$sum = array_sum($array1[0] * $array2[0] + $array1[1] * $array2[1] + $array1[2] * $array2[2] + $array1[3] * $array2[3] + $array1[4] + $array2[5]);
Length of arrays may also vary so can't do it the way I've written it above. Any suggestions?
You can complete the array2 missing values as 1, then make the two array have the same length.
$missingKeys = [1,3];
foreach($missingKeys as $k)
{
$array2[$k] = 1;
}
$sum = 0;
foreach($array1 as $k => $v)
{
$sum += $v * $array1[$k];
}
Ok, I didn't use my own advise, but I think this might work?
$total = 0;
foreach ($array1 as $index => $value)
{
if (isset($array2[$index])) $total += $value*$array2[$index];
else $total += $value;
}
echo $total;
The assumption is that all elements of $array2 are present in $array1, but not necessarily the other way around.
As you wrote in your question that the first array is leading (has all the indexes) you only need to iterate over it and eventually multiply with the value from the second array or one:
$sum = 0;
foreach ($array1 as $k => $v) {
$sum += $v * ($array2[$k] ?? 1);
}
Different to the accepted answer, there is no need to manipulate the second array.
If I understood your question properly, and your looking for array multiplication, you could use 2 for loops, iterating one of them and multiplying. Your probably looking for something like this:
for ($i = 0; $i < count($array1); $i++) {
for ($j = 0; $j < count($array2); $j++) {
$sum += $array1[$i] * $array2[$j];
}
}

How to get common minimum value in two arrays

I have a function where is checks on two arrays and returns the common minimum value in both the arrays. IT returns the correct answer when both the arrays have equal number of elements. But is the other other is bigger it does not return the correct one. How to overcome this?
<?php
$A = array(0);
$B= array(1,0);
$n = sizeof($A);
$m = sizeof($B);
sort($A);
sort($B);
$i = 0;
for ($k = 0; $k < $n; $k++) {
if ($i < $m - 1 AND $B[$i] < $A[$k])
$i += 1;
if ($A[$k] == $B[$i])
echo $A[$k];
}
echo "end";
?>
Thanks
A way simpler way would be to take the minimum value of the intersection of your arrays :
$array = array (5,6,7,8,9);
$array2 = array (9,7,5,3,4,1);
$min = min(array_intersect($array, $array2));
echo $min; // 5
Leverage PHP function array_intersect() to extract common values in two arrays, then fetch the minumum value by using min()
Like so:
<?php
$arrayOne = [1, 3, 5, 6, 7];
$arrayTwo = [0, 9, 2, 3, 4, 5];
echo min(array_intersect($arrayOne, $arrayTwo)); // 3
I would use array_intersect. It will give you an array with only values that are present in both arrays you are looking through, then you can find the lowest value in the array
$A = array(0,5,4,3,2,1,4);
$B = array(0,1,3,4);
$C = array_intersect($A, $B);
$low = $C[0];
for($i = 0; $i < count($C); $i++) {
if($C[$i] < $low)
$low = $C[$i];
}
echo "Lowest shared number is $low";

Using an index twice in PHP

I am trying to use a for loop where it looks through an array and tries to make sure the same element is not used twice. For example, if $r or the random variable is assigned the number "3", my final array list will find the value associated with wordList[3] and add it. When the loop runs again, I don't want $r to use 3 again. Example output: 122234, where I would want something along the lines of 132456. Thanks in advance for the help.
for($i = 0; $i < $numWords; $i++){
$r = rand(0, $numWords);
$arrayTrack[$i] == $r;
$wordList[$r] = $finalArray[$i];
for($j = 0; $j <= $i; $j++){
if($arrayTrack[$j] == $r){
# Not sure what to do here. If $r is 9 once, I do not want it to be 9 again.
# I wrote this so that $r will never repeat itself
break;
}
}
Edited for clarity.
Pretty sure you are over complicating things. Try this, using array_rand():
$final_array = array();
$rand_keys = array_rand($wordList, $numWords);
foreach ($rand_keys as $key) {
$final_array[] = $wordList[$key];
}
If $numWords is 9, this will give you 9 random, unique elements from $wordList.
See demo
$range = range(0, $numWords - 1); // may be without -1, it depends..
shuffle($range);
for($i = 0; $i < $numWords; $i++) {
$r = array_pop($range);
$wordList[$r] = $finalArray[$i];
}
I do not know why you want it.. may be it is easier to shuffle($finalArray);??
So ideally "abcdefghi" in some random order.
$letters = str_split('abcdefghi');
shuffle($letters);
var_dump($letters);
ps: if you have hardcoded array $wordList and you want to take first $n elements of it and shuffle then (if this is not an associative array and you do not care about the keys)
$newArray = array_slice($wordList, 0, $n);
shuffle($newArray);
var_dump($newArray);
You can try array_rand and unset
For example:
$array = array('one','two','free','four','five');
$count = count($array);
for($i=0;$i<$count;$i++)
{
$b = array_rand($array);
echo $array[$b].'<br />';
unset($array[$b]);
}
after you have brought the data in the array, you purify and simultaneously removing the memory array
Ok... I have NO idea why you are trying to use so many variables with this.
I certainly, have no clue what you were using $arrayTrack for.
There is a very good chance I am mis-understanding all of this though.
<?php
$numWords=10;
$wordList=array('a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h','i','j','k','l','m','n','o','p','q','r','s','t','u','v','w','x','y','z');
$finalArray=array();
for ($i=0; $i<$numWords; $i++) {
start:
$r=rand(0,$numWords);
$wordChoice=$wordList[$r];
foreach ($finalArray as $word) {
if ($word==$wordChoice) goto start;
}
$finalArray[]=$wordChoice;
}
echo "Result: ".implode(',',$finalArray)."\n";

PHP Count 1 too many on Array as it's 0 based?

I've had this problem a few times now when for looping over an array item.
In this instance I'm generating all 2 letter combinations of the alphabet.
The code works (and I know there's a much easier way of doing it with 2 for loops, but I'm trying something different).
However I have to do count -1 as count() returns the number 26 for the array length, however the 26th item obviously doesn't exist as it's 0 based?
Is there not a version of count() that works on a zero-based basis?
<?php
$alphas = range('a', 'z');
$alphacount = count($alphas);
// Why do I have to do this bit here?
$alphaminus = $alphacount -1;
$a = 0;
for ($i=0;$i<$alphacount;$i++) {
$first = $alphas[$a];
$second = $alphas[$i];
if ($i === $alphaminus && $a < $alphaminus ) {
$i = 0;
$a ++;
}
echo "$first$second<br>";
}
?>
Without $alphaminus = $alphacount -1; I get undefined offset 26?
How about:
<?php
$alphas = range('a', 'z');
$alphacount = count($alphas);
$a = 0;
for ($i=0;$i<$alphacount;$i++) {
$first = $alphas[$a];
$second = $alphas[$i];
if ($i >= $alphacount && $a < $alphaminus ) {
$i = 0;
$a ++;
}
echo "$first$second<br>";
}
So you don't have to to -1 since you don't like it! :)
And how about:
$alphas = range('a', 'z');
for ($i = 0; $i < count($alphas); $i++) {
for ($a = 0; $a < count($alphas); $a++) {
echo "{$alphas[$i]}{$alphas[$a]}\n";
}
}
Or forget about arrays! This is more fun :)
array_walk($alphas, function ($a) use ($alphas) {
array_walk($alphas, function ($b) use ($a) {
print "$a$b\n";
});
});
The problem is that you reset $i to 0 in the loop; then on encountering the end of the loop $i is incremented, so the next run in the loop will be with $i = 1 instead of $i = 0.
That is, the next subrange of letters starts with (letter)b instead of (letter)a. (See your output: the next line after az is bb rather than ba.)
Solution: reset $i to -1 in the loop, then at the end it will run with the value 0 again.
You have 26 characters, but arrays in PHP are indexed from 0. So, indexes are 0, 1, ... 25.
count is 1-based and arrays created by range() are 0-based.
It means that:
$alphas[0] == a
$alphas[25] == z
$count($alphas) = 26; // there are 26 elements. First element is $alphas[0]
Why does it have to be so complicated? You could simply do
foreach ($alphas as $alpha)
{
foreach($alphas as $alpha2)
{
echo $alpha.$alpha2."<br>";
}
}
Note: It is mostly not a good idea to manipulate the loop counter variable inside the body of that very loop. You set $i to 0 on a certain condition. That could give you unexpected results, hence the reason why you have to navigate around it.

Given an array of integers, what's the most efficient way to get the number of other integers in the array within n?

Given the following array:
$arr = array(0,0,1,2,2,5,6,7,7,9,10,10);
And assuming $n = 2, what is the most efficient way to get a count of each value in the array within $n of each value?
For example, 6 has 3 other values within $n: 5,7,7.
Ultimately I'd like a corresponding array with simply the counts within $n, like so:
// 0,0,1,2,2,5,6,7,7,9,10,10 // $arr, so you can see it lined up
$count_arr = array(4,4,4,4,4,3,3,4,4,4, 2, 2);
Is a simple foreach loop the way to go? CodePad Link
$arr = array(0,0,1,2,2,5,6,7,7,9,10,10);
$n = 2;
$count_arr = array();
foreach ($arr as $v) {
$range = range(($v-$n),($v+$n)); // simple range between lower and upper bound
$count = count(array_intersect($arr,$range)); // count intersect array
$count_arr[] = $count-1; // subtract 1 so you don't count itself
}
print_r($arr);
print_r($count_arr);
My last answer was written without fully groking the problem...
Try sorting the array, before processing it, and leverage that when you run through it. This has a better runtime complexity.
$arr = array(0,0,1,2,2,5,6,7,7,9,10,10);
asort($arr);
$n = 2;
$cnt = count($arr);
$counts = array_pad(array(), $cnt, 0);
for ($x=0; $x<$cnt; $x++) {
$low = $x - 1;
$lower_range_bound = $arr[$x]-$n;
while($low >= 0 && ($arr[$low] >= $lower_range_bound)) {
$counts[$x]++;
$low--;
}
$high = $x + 1;
$upper_range_bound = $arr[$x]+$n;
while($high < $cnt && $arr[$high] <= $upper_range_bound) {
$counts[$x]++;
$high++;
}
}
print_r($arr);
print_r($counts);
Play with it here: http://codepad.org/JXlZNCxW

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