I'm trying to connect to 3 tables using LEFT OUTER JOIN. I'm not sure if I'm doing this correctly.
Tables are: rates, countries and service_types
Query:
$sql = "SELECT rates.rate_id, rates.initial_change, service_types.service, countries.country
FROM rates
LEFT OUTER JOIN service_types ON rates.service_id = service_types.serviceType_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN countries ON rates.from_id = country.country_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN countries ON rates.to_id = country.country_id
ORDER BY service_types.serviceType_id ASC";
$statement = $con_db->exec($sql);
$result = $statement->fetchAll();//error points to this line
This is the error message:
Fatal error: Call to a member function fetchAll() on a non-object in
One thing I noticed is the way your accessing your tables is incorrect. I'm guessing the SQL is invalid, which is returning null from exec. Try changing your query to this:
$sql = "SELECT rates.rate_id, rates.initial_change, service_types.service, countries1.country, countries2.country
FROM rates
LEFT OUTER JOIN service_types ON rates.service_id = service_types.serviceType_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN countries as countries1 ON rates.from_id = countries1.country_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN countries as countries2 ON rates.to_id = countries2.country_id
ORDER BY service_types.serviceType_id ASC";
Note the country changed to countries1 & countries2 in the join condition, and also the columns in the select.
Related
I'm trying to get data from multiple tales using LEFT OUTER JOIN but I'm getting a fatal error.
Table names, field names, db connection are correct.
$sql = "SELECT shipping_info.shipping_id, service1.service, package1.package_type, countries1.country AS fromCountry, countries2.country AS toCountry, countries3.country AS resiCountry, customer1.name,
FROM shipping_info
LEFT OUTER JOIN service_types AS service1 ON shipping_info.service_type = service_types.serviceType_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN package_types AS package1 ON shipping_info.package_type = package_types.packageType_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN customer_info AS customer1 ON shipping_info.customer_id = customer_info.customer_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN countries AS countries1 ON shipping_info.from_loc = countries1.country_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN countries AS countries2 ON shipping_info.to_loc= countries2.country_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN countries AS countries3 ON shipping_info.to_id = countries3.country_id
ORDER BY shipping_info.order_date DESC";
Fatal error: Call to a member function fetchAll() on a non-object in....
try changing your query to this:
SELECT s1.shipping_id,
s1.service,
p1.package_type,
c1.country fromCountry,
c2.country toCountry,
c3.country resiCountry,
c1.name
FROM shipping_info si
LEFT JOIN service_types s1 ON si.service_type = s1.serviceType_id
LEFT JOIN package_types p1 ON si.package_type = p1.packageType_id
LEFT JOIN customer_info c1 ON si.customer_id = c1.customer_id
LEFT JOIN countries c1 ON si.from_loc = c1.country_id
LEFT JOIN countries c2 ON si.to_loc= c2.country_id
LEFT JOIN countries c3 ON si.to_id = c3.country_id
ORDER BY si.order_date DESC;
you had multiple typos in the query itself with incorrect syntax.. also LEFT OUTER JOIN and LEFT JOIN are exactly the same
Also can you post how you are executing this query? you may have an issue with the actual method for executing it.
I'm not a MySQL expert, but this looks wrong. Consider your first join:
LEFT OUTER JOIN service_types AS service1
ON shipping_info.service_type = service_types.serviceType_id
You give table service_types an alias (a correlation name) of service1, but then don't use it in the ON part of the join. The first thing I would try is either get rid of the correlation name:
LEFT OUTER JOIN service_types
ON shipping_info.service_type = service_types.serviceType_id
...or use it:
LEFT OUTER JOIN service_types AS service1
ON shipping_info.service_type = service1.serviceType_id
Since you're using it in the names of the columns you're actually selecting, I'd go with using it in ON part of the join. Whichever, repeat with package_types and customer_info and then try.
Right off the bat I can see that you have an extra comma just before the FROM clause. This would cause an error and could result in the error you are getting as you would be running fetchAll on a non-object, i.e. the query that wasn't formatted properly.
Your table aliases are pretty long, so you could either shorten them or ditch them altogether and just use the full table name.
SELECT
si.shipping_id,
st.service,
pt.package_type,
c1.country AS fromCountry,
c2.country AS toCountry,
c3.country AS resiCountry,
ci.name
FROM shipping_info si
LEFT JOIN service_types st
ON si.service_type = st.serviceType_id
LEFT JOIN package_types pt
ON si.package_type = pt.packageType_id
LEFT JOIN customer_info ci
ON si.customer_id = ci.customer_id
LEFT JOIN countries c1
ON si.from_loc = c1.country_id
LEFT JOIN countries c2
ON si.to_loc= c2.country_id
LEFT JOIN countries c3
ON si.to_id = c3.country_id
ORDER BY si.order_date DESC;
Also, I've recently moved over to using MySQL Workbench. It's definitely worth checking out. I like it better than PHPMyAdmin. It's a better workflow for me and has cool tools like the reverse engineer tool that will build an ERD for you based on your tables. It's great for testing out your queries before using them in your PHP code.
MySQL Workbench
http://www.mysql.com/products/workbench/
I'm having difficulties using the LEFT OUTER JOIN in multiple tables.
My tables are: countries, customer_info, package_types, service_types and shipping_info
This is my code so far:
$sql = "SELECT shipping_info.shipping_id, shipping_info.weight, shipping_info.width, shipping_info.height, shipping_info.length, shipping_info.cost, shipping_info.status,
service_types.service, package_types.package_type, countries1.country AS fromCountry, countries2.country AS toCountry, countries3.country AS resiCountry, customer_info.name, customer_info.address
, customer_info.city, customer_info.postcode, customer_info.zipcode, customer_info.phone, customer_info.email, customer_info.country
FROM shipping_info
LEFT OUTER JOIN service_types ON shipping_info.service_type = service_types.serviceType_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN package_types ON shipping_info.package_type = package_types.packageType_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN customer_info ON shipping_info.customer_id = customer_info.customer_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN countries AS countries1 ON shipping_info.from_loc = countries1.country_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN countries AS countries2 ON shipping_info.to_loc= countries2.country_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN countries AS countries3 ON shipping_info.to_id = countries3.country_id";
$statement = $con_db->query($sql);
$result = $statement->fetchAll();
I'm getting a fatal error in my final line and I believe that's because $result is null. But I'm unable to figure out the error.
Appreciate any help.
It may be your query has following manual error:
tablename or fieldname mismatch
I was using this:
SELECT res.*, rac.*, u.*, t.*, c.*
FROM Results res
INNER JOIN Races rac USING (RaceID)
INNER JOIN Users u USING (UserID)
INNER JOIN Teams t USING (TeamID)
INNER JOIN Cars c USING (CarID)
WHERE res.SeasonNumber = '$SeasonNumber' AND res.LeagueID = '$LeagueID' AND Position = '1' AND ResultConfirmed = '1'
ORDER BY Position ASC
Which works fine, but I've since realised I need to have CarID added in to Results table, but when I add it in, it gives me the error that the field is ambiguous. What I'd like to do is get the Car name from Cars table where CarID joins Cars and Results. When I try to do this though:
SELECT res.*, rac.*, u.*, t.*, c.*
FROM Results res
INNER JOIN Races rac USING (RaceID)
INNER JOIN Users u USING (UserID)
INNER JOIN Teams t USING (TeamID)
INNER JOIN Cars c USING (res.CarID)
WHERE res.SeasonNumber = '$SeasonNumber' AND res.LeagueID = '$LeagueID' AND Position = '1' AND ResultConfirmed = '1'
ORDER BY Position ASC
I get the following error:
You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that
corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use
near '.CarID) WHERE res.SeasonNumber = '1' AND res.LeagueID = '1' AND
Position = '1' ' at line 6
You can replace your USING clause with ON(),in USING() clause i guess you add the columns name that are same in other table you are joining but you placed the join in last and using alias res mysql won't allow this
INNER JOIN Cars c ON(res.CarID =c.CarID)
If you need to use USING() clause you need to adjust the join placements like
SELECT res.*, rac.*, u.*, t.*, c.*
FROM
Cars c
INNER JOIN Results res USING (CarID)
INNER JOIN Races rac USING (RaceID)
INNER JOIN Users u USING (UserID)
INNER JOIN Teams t USING (TeamID)
WHERE res.SeasonNumber = '$SeasonNumber' AND res.LeagueID = '$LeagueID' AND Position = '1' AND ResultConfirmed = '1'
ORDER BY Position ASC
But ON() clause is more readable form
Ok I have 5 tables in my database they are as follows
officelocations_tbl
state_tbl
city_tbl
staff_tbl
titles_tbl
The titles table is only associated with the staff table but the others are all inner joined. I have tried various mysql statements but none are allowing me to bring in the titles_tbl.
here is the latest version of the sql statement I am attempting to use:
SELECT officelocations_tbl.*,city_tbl.*, state_tbl.* , titles_tbl.*,
contact1.firstName AS c1Firstname, contact1.lastName AS c1lastName,
contact1.middleInitial AS c1middleInitial, contact1.suffix AS c1suffix,
contact1.accredations AS c1accredations, contact1.phone AS c1Phone,
contact1.faxNumber AS c1FaxNumber, contact1.mobilePhone AS c1Mobile,
contact1.email AS c1Email, contact1.titleID AS c1Title,
contact2.firstName AS c2Firstname, contact2.lastName AS c2lastName,
contact2.middleInitial AS c2middleInitial, contact2.suffix AS c2suffix,
contact2.accredations AS c2accredations, contact2.phone AS c2Phone,
contact2.faxNumber AS c2FaxNumber, contact2.mobilePhone AS c2Mobile,
contact2.email AS c2Email, contact2.titleID AS c2Title,
partner.firstName AS c3Firstname, partner.lastName AS c3lastName,
partner.middleInitial AS c3middleInitial, partner.suffix AS c3suffix,
partner.accredations AS c3accredations, partner.phone AS c3Phone,
partner.faxNumber AS c3FaxNumber, partner.mobilePhone AS c3Mobile,
partner.email AS c3Email, partner.titleID AS c3Title
FROM officelocations_tbl
JOIN city_tbl ON (officelocations_tbl.cityID = city_tbl.cityID)
INNER JOIN titles_tbl ON titles_tbl.titleID = staff_tbl.titleID
LEFT OUTER JOIN state_tbl ON (officelocations_tbl.stateID = state_tbl.stateID)
LEFT OUTER JOIN staff_tbl contact1 ON (contact1.staffID = officelocations_tbl.contact1)
LEFT OUTER JOIN staff_tbl contact2 ON (contact2.staffID = officelocations_tbl.contact2)
LEFT OUTER JOIN staff_tbl partner ON (partner.staffID = officelocations_tbl.partner)
However this gives me an error [Err] 1054 - Unknown column 'staff_tbl.titleID' in 'on clause'. If I remove both the lines:
INNER JOIN titles_tbl ON titles_tbl.titleID = staff_tbl.titleID
titles_tbl.*,
it works but doesn't pull in the title. I have tried doing it this way as well but then it only pulls in the title once and not for all three contacts.
SELECT
staff_tbl.staffID,
staff_tbl.staffID_C2,
staff_tbl.staffID_P,
staff_tbl.firstName,
staff_tbl.middleInitial,
staff_tbl.lastName,
staff_tbl.suffix,
staff_tbl.accredations,
staff_tbl.email,
staff_tbl.phone,
staff_tbl.mobilePhone,
staff_tbl.officePhone,
staff_tbl.faxNumber,
staff_tbl.address1,
staff_tbl.address2,
staff_tbl.cityID,
staff_tbl.stateID,
staff_tbl.zipCode,
staff_tbl.titleID,
staff_tbl.locationID,
staff_tbl.photoURL,
staff_tbl.vCardURL,
staff_tbl.qRCodeURL,
staff_tbl.resumeURL,
staff_tbl.biography,
staff_tbl.dateCreated,
officelocations_tbl.locationID,
officelocations_tbl.officeName,
officelocations_tbl.address1,
officelocations_tbl.address2,
officelocations_tbl.cityID,
officelocations_tbl.stateID,
officelocations_tbl.zipCode,
officelocations_tbl.officePhone,
officelocations_tbl.contact1,
officelocations_tbl.contact2,
officelocations_tbl.partner,
city_tbl.cityID,
city_tbl.cityName,
state_tbl.stateID,
state_tbl.state_abreviation,
state_tbl.state_name,
titles_tbl.titleID,
titles_tbl.titleName,
contact1.firstName AS c1Firstname, contact1.lastName AS c1lastName,
contact1.middleInitial AS c1middleInitial, contact1.suffix AS c1suffix,
contact1.accredations AS c1accredations, contact1.phone AS c1Phone,
contact1.faxNumber AS c1FaxNumber, contact1.mobilePhone AS c1Mobile,
contact1.email AS c1Email, contact1.titleID AS c1Title,
contact2.firstName AS c2Firstname, contact2.lastName AS c2lastName,
contact2.middleInitial AS c2middleInitial, contact2.suffix AS c2suffix,
contact2.accredations AS c2accredations, contact2.phone AS c2Phone,
contact2.faxNumber AS c2FaxNumber, contact2.mobilePhone AS c2Mobile,
contact2.email AS c2Email, contact2.titleID AS c2Title,
partner.firstName AS c3Firstname, partner.lastName AS c3lastName,
partner.middleInitial AS c3middleInitial, partner.suffix AS c3suffix,
partner.accredations AS c3accredations, partner.phone AS c3Phone,
partner.faxNumber AS c3FaxNumber, partner.mobilePhone AS c3Mobile,
partner.email AS c3Email, partner.titleID AS c3Title
FROM officelocations_tbl
INNER JOIN staff_tbl ON staff_tbl.staffID = officelocations_tbl.contact1
INNER JOIN state_tbl ON state_tbl.stateID = officelocations_tbl.stateID
INNER JOIN titles_tbl ON titles_tbl.titleID = staff_tbl.titleID
INNER JOIN city_tbl ON city_tbl.cityID = officelocations_tbl.cityID
LEFT OUTER JOIN staff_tbl contact1 ON (contact1.staffID = officelocations_tbl.contact1)
LEFT OUTER JOIN staff_tbl contact2 ON (contact2.staffID = officelocations_tbl.contact2)
LEFT OUTER JOIN staff_tbl partner ON (partner.staffID = officelocations_tbl.partner)
This will only pull for the first association of staff_tbl.staffID = officelocations_tbl.contact1. I am stumped as to what to try next. Is there anyone who would know how to get it to pull all 5 tables?
You just need to move your INNER JOIN down lower, e.g. from
INNER JOIN titles_tbl ON titles_tbl.titleID = staff_tbl.titleID
LEFT OUTER JOIN state_tbl ON (officelocations_tbl.stateID = state_tbl.stateID)
to
LEFT OUTER JOIN state_tbl ON (officelocations_tbl.stateID = state_tbl.stateID)
INNER JOIN titles_tbl ON titles_tbl.titleID = staff_tbl.titleID
At the time the parser reaches the INNER JOIN, staff_tbl has not yet been joined, and the parser will not "look ahead" to see if it's joined later. So it immediately bails with a "no such table/field".
Switching the order in which this occurs allows taff_table to be joined in first, and then you can use it in further joins.
I'm stuck on the inner join scenario for my tables. Can you please help me? What I am doing wrong here?
Here is the scenario that I'm trying to do:
I have billing and shipping country/states columns which I am trying to populate with inner join, but somehow it is not working. Thanks a lot for your help:
$sql = $this->connection->query("SELECT * FROM ".TBL_USERS."
INNER JOIN ".TBL_USER_LEVEL." ON ".TBL_USERS.".userlevel = ".TBL_USER_LEVEL.".user_level_id
INNER JOIN ".TBL_COUNTRIES." ON ".TBL_USERS.".country OR ".TBL_USERS.".bcountry = ".TBL_COUNTRIES.".country_id
INNER JOIN ".TBL_STATES." ON ".TBL_USERS.".states OR ".TBL_USERS.".bstates = ".TBL_STATES.".states_id
WHERE ".TBL_USERS.".username = '$username'");
i changed the query to; and the error im gettin is
PHP Fatal error: Uncaught exception 'PDOException' with message 'SQLSTATE[42000]: Syntax error or access violation: 1066 Not unique table/alias: 'countries'' in
$sql = $this->connection->query("SELECT * FROM ".TBL_USERS."
INNER JOIN ".TBL_USER_LEVEL." ON ".TBL_USERS.".userlevel = ".TBL_USER_LEVEL.".user_level_id
INNER JOIN ".TBL_COUNTRIES." ON ".TBL_USERS.".country = ".TBL_COUNTRIES.".country_id
INNER JOIN ".TBL_COUNTRIES." ON ".TBL_USERS.".bcountry = ".TBL_COUNTRIES.".country_id
INNER JOIN ".TBL_STATES." ON ".TBL_USERS.".states = ".TBL_STATES.".states_id
INNER JOIN ".TBL_STATES." ON ".TBL_USERS.".bstates = ".TBL_STATES.".states_id
WHERE ".TBL_USERS.".username = '$username'");
OK here is correct syntax thanks a lot to #Tiberiu-Ionuț Stan
$sql = $this->connection->query("SELECT * FROM ".TBL_USERS."
LEFT JOIN ".TBL_COUNTRIES." ON ".TBL_USERS.".country = ".TBL_COUNTRIES.".country_id
LEFT JOIN ".TBL_COUNTRIES." AS ".TBL_COUNTRIES."_b ON ".TBL_USERS.".bcountry=".TBL_COUNTRIES."_b.country_id
INNER JOIN ".TBL_USER_LEVEL." ON ".TBL_USERS.".userlevel = ".TBL_USER_LEVEL.".user_level_id
LEFT JOIN ".TBL_STATES." ON ".TBL_USERS.".states = ".TBL_STATES.".states_id
LEFT JOIN ".TBL_STATES." AS ".TBL_STATES."_b ON ".TBL_USERS.".bstates=".TBL_STATES."_b.states_id
WHERE ".TBL_USERS.".username = '$username'");
You can use OR and AND inside join statements.
I do it all the time.
Here's one that works:
LEFT JOIN `currencies` ON (
`currency_foreign`=`invoice_entry_amount_currency`
AND
`currency_reference`='".$strTransformToCurrency."'
AND
`currency_date`=FLOOR(`invoice_paid_timestamp`/86400)*86400
)
Problem is here:
INNER JOIN ".TBL_COUNTRIES." ON ".TBL_USERS.".country = ".TBL_COUNTRIES.".country_id
INNER JOIN ".TBL_COUNTRIES." ON ".TBL_USERS.".bcountry = ".TBL_COUNTRIES.".country_id
MySQL can't decide on which relation to join the countries table (because MySQL thinks .country and .countryb can be different - so after join it doesn't know which columns will be returned or used for conditions and ordering).
Try it like this:
INNER JOIN ".TBL_COUNTRIES." ON ".TBL_USERS.".country = ".TBL_COUNTRIES.".country_id
INNER JOIN ".TBL_COUNTRIES." AS ".TBL_COUNTRIES."_b ON ".TBL_USERS.".bcountry=".TBL_COUNTRIES."_b.country_id
In case you have really big tables, do an EXPLAIN with the full final query including conditions and ordering to find out if MySQL is doing a table copy because of "TBL_USERS AS TBL_USERS_B".
You cannot use constructs like JOIN table ON field OR another_field = expression, unless referenced field is of boolean type.
You should use constructs that will return boolean result, in your case something like this:
$sql = $this->connection->query("SELECT * FROM $TBL_USERS
JOIN $TBL_USER_LEVEL ON $TBL_USERS.userlevel = $TBL_USER_LEVEL.user_level_id
JOIN $TBL_COUNTRIES ON $TBL_USERS.country = $TBL_COUNTRIES.country_id
OR $TBL_USERS.bcountry = $TBL_COUNTRIES.country_id
JOIN $TBL_STATES ON $TBL_USERS.states = $TBL_STATES.states_id
OR $TBL_USERS.bstates = $TBL_STATES.states_id
WHERE $TBL_USERS.username = '$username'");
I have also used the variable directly, otherwise lots of string concatenations looks messy.
And your query as is now is open for SQLi.