I have a simple CakePHP which I want to use without URL rewriting. The site which works fine locally but not on my hosting server. My sysadmin has advised me that:
The PHP wrapper doesn't accept trailing path-info like script.php/additional/path/info
CakePHP seems to expect this by default. How do I get around this limitation? I guess I need to pass the path information via the query string instead, so instead of URLs like this:
http://example.com/index.php/controller/action
I probably will need something like this:
http://example.com/index.php?path=controller/action
I'm sure this should be doable by changing the routing scheme somehow, but how? I have tried reading the docs, and digging into the framework source code is kind of daunting... Thanks!
Your simple solution is how to remove trailing slash from URL using .htaccess. This may be done by the following rewrite rule:
RewriteRule ^(.*)/$ $1 [R=301,L]
This should be placed in the .htaccess file where your application's index.php.
Related
I have looked around and attempted my own research on this topic but to no avail just yet.
I have a dynamic webpage set up to look for a ID from a database to retrieve elements required. This results in of course the web page looking like www.site.com/page?id=1
My desired outcome would be like a title for this page to be called.
Such as say I had a fruit product it and user went to my site and went to the address /fruit it would it would be the content of ?id=1 just as an example.
I have seen this used on many a site but not sure how this is programmed or works. Is this something to do with a htaccess document?
Thanks in advance. Appreciate all the help.
While this has been asked and answered many times, I know many people find it difficult to search for this since there are so many common "noise" words related to it. For that reason, I believe it's worth answering again.
If you're using Apache as your webserver (which I'm assuming you are since you mention .htaccess), what you're looking for to create those "clean URLs" is mod_rewrite, which takes a set of rules and rewrites the URL requested by the browser to another path or script.
You would typically enable this in your Apache config or in .htaccess, and in a simple form (a one-to-one mapping) at it would look something like this (provided mod_rewrite is installed):
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^fruit$ index.php?type=1 [L]
Now obviously that doesn't scale well if you have a bunch of dynamic pages you want to create, so what you can do is tell all pages that aren't a really file or directory to be passed to a file for processing, like so:
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule .* index.php [L]
In this case we're rewriting any request that doesn't resolve to a real file or directory to index.php, and then using the "last" flag [L] to stop processing other rules. Then in our PHP script, we can access the virtual path (in this case /fruit) by using $_SERVER['PATH_INFO'] and doing whatever conditional logic we want with that. If you don't get anything in that variable, ensure that the AcceptPathInfo On directive is set in your Apache config or .htaccess.
A way to test the basic concept/logic without having any rewrite rules would be to use a URL like https://example.com/index.php/fruit. You'll then see that in index.php $_SERVER['PATH_INFO'] will contain the string /fruit. You can rewrite URLs to files in other directories, chain rewrite rules, redirect the browser to other URLs, or even edit environment variables.
There are many good tutorials around using mod_rewrite for clean URLs, so I won't attempt to cover all the nuances here. Just know that it's a very powerful tool, but it's also pretty easy to break your rules if you aren't very comfortable with regular expressions or get lost in the many rules that are commonly in a configuration.
Note that if this is an existing site, you'll also want to use mod_rewrite or mod_redirect to redirect the old URLs to the new ones so they don't break (and for the benefit of having a single URL for search rankings).
I have a problem with a project I'm doing with PHP and it's in the URLs.
When I load a script like index.php everything works fine, the problem is when I load a script that is located within two or more directories.
In the URL the scripts with the routes begin to be enmeshed
Here is an example of the problem I have
I need to load a script, even if it is in several levels of nesting, make its functionality and in the url is reflected as:
I need to have something like this
1:
I thank you in advance.
Regards
You can't use PHP to achieve this. PHP is not responsible for determining if PHP (let along a particular PHP script) will handle any given URL.
You have to configure your webserver to do it. Since you mention .htaccess but provide no further information about your server, I'm going to assume you are using Apache HTTPD.
For Apache, that means using mod_rewrite, Alias or something similar. You can put the configuration for those tools in .htaccess, but you don't want to and the documentation advises not to use them.
So put your mod_rewrite or Alias configuration in the main Apache configuration.
You're going to need an htaccess rule no matter what. However, it doesn't have to be a mod_rewrite rule. The reason you need this rule is because PHP is not responsible for the routing - it is merely responsible for the execution of your script.
The point of the rule is to direct apache and instruct it to execute the right script (in your case, script32.php) while keeping the request uri as intact as possible.
There are two ways around it, basically.
Way 1 (cleaner): mod_rewrite
This is pretty straightforward, the set of rules you need are as follows:
# If the requested file name is a valid file/inode
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -f [OR]
# ...or a directory
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -d
# ...then throw them straight on it
RewriteRule (.*) - [L]
# ...otherwise, redirect to script32.php with the full content of the request in query string
RewriteRule (.*) /welcome/script32.php?$1 [L]
The requested URL is now in $_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'] and you can now do whatever you like with it in PHP
Way 2: catchall
This does not rely on mod_rewrite and may therefore be slightly faster. However, technically, it's a cheap hack. The way around it is as follows:
ErrorDocument 404 /welcome/script32.php
The requested URL can now be found in $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'] and is available for parsing in PHP. However, with this, you've also disabled "legit" 404 errors from being generated through apache - and should make sure to obey proper behaviour in PHP to compensate.
I have a flash game site, which has a play.php file, which gets the game's name by $_GET like
http://host/play.php?game=free-kick-puzzle
which works nicely but I think it's not so good for google bot etc. And I see that many other sites do it like
host/games/free-kick-puzzle.php
So is there any way to "generate" this gamename.php file automatically?
Thanks !
You don't want to "generate" files on the server, you just want to create nicer URLs that map to the ugly ones behind the scenes. One way to do that is by using rewrite rules.
Using an Apache module called mod_rewrite, you can make URLs more SEO friendly with directives you write in your .htaccess file.
In your .htaccess file, you could use code like this:
RewriteEngine on
RewriteRule ^games/(.*)/?$ /play.php?game=$1
This is just an example, and there are many other options available when using rewrite rules. I highly recommend looking at the documentation in the Apache docs about mod_rewrite.
In this example, you're finding anything after games/, represented by the parenthesis and the RegEx in between them. The /? means the trailing slash is optional. After the $ is what you actually want to serve to the visitor. The $1 is where whatever is found in between the parenthesis is placed.
I have a website that passes some GET variables to different pages in PHP. My issue is that now I have a url with variables i.e. index.php?category=categoryname and that's not very memorable.
Is there any way I can change the URL to something like /categoryname instead without duplicating the page and storing in folders? But also allow users to type in /categoryname and be redirected to the correct page?
.htaccess Apache mod_rewrite, almost every professional dynamic website uses this method (like stackoverflow).
The method is fully explained in this article far better then I could ever explain it in this answer box.
You should look into writing some apache Mod_Rewrite rules in a .htaccess file.
The solution is discussed here:
this is done by the rewrite module of apache and this handles regular
expressions. You have to put a rule
like this in your .htaccess file on
the root of your website:
RewriteRule ^cat/([0-9]+)$
/index.php?category=$1
^ means the start of the url after
www.example.com/ $ means the end of
the page.
www.example.com/cat/123
will be converted by the server to:
www.example.com/index.php?category=123
In PHP you use the normal $_GET['id']
variable. The rewrite module must be
enabled by apache... This is mostly
used to make the url format
independent of the serverside
scripting language so the .php in the
url is not logical. Thats why i
changed it to product/ . The .htaccess
starts with
RewriteEngine On Options
+FollowSymLinks RewriteBase / Here all the rewrite rules.. ...
I'm using Mod Rewrite to remove index.php. I do not want to use queries. I want foo.com/bar to be interpreted as foo.com/index.php/bar.
It does this fine, but gives me Not Found error. The requested URL /home/foo/www/index.php/bar was not found on this server.
Why!!
Update
I think I just figured out what you are wanting to do. You see, you can pass queries behind the scenes, but you cannot pass what you are suggesting behind the scenes. You have to do an actual redirect. Something like this (The important part is the R):
RewriteRule ^bar$ index.php/bar [NC,QSA,R]
This forces a redirect to your page using the new special path. Is that what you wanted?
Original Answer
You cannot pass a path to a PHP page like that as it will be interpreted as part of a path. Chances are, your file is on a Linux/Unix machine where a directory can be named with a . in it. Sorry, but you will have to use a query string:
RewriteBase /
RewriteRule ^bar$ index.php?page=bar [NC,QSA]
Or updated:
RewriteBase /
RewriteRule ^bar$ index.php?/bar [NC,QSA]
I also think the last few versions of windows support . in directories as well, but I am not sure.
index.php is almost certainly a file, not a directory, unless you (bizarrely) have a directory called index.php. Apache is correctly complaining that there is no such directory.
You probably meant to do something like index.php?page=bar. Adjust your .htaccess accordingly.