MySQL SELECT statement where value is in array - php

Question

I need some help with an MySQL statement that I cannot really make to work.
I have a table like this:
+---+-------------------------------+
|id | fruit |
+---+-------------------------------+
| 1 | apple,orange,pear,grape,lemon |
| 2 | pear,melon,apple,kiwi,lemon |
| 3 | orange,kiwi,pear,apple,cherry |
| 4 | grape,lemon,cherry,apple,melon|
+---+-------------------------------+
What I need to do is to SELECT all rows where the column fruit contains the word melon. The word in question might be at any position in the array.
I tired with the below query but for some reason I only get 3-4 rows, definitely not all of them:
$fruit = $_GET['fruit'];
$query1= "SELECT * FROM tbl_fruits WHERE ".$fruit." IN (fruit)";
Any comments will be appreciated.

Answer 1

You can use FIND_IN_SET
SELECT * FROM tbl_fruits
WHERE find_in_set('$fruit', fruit)
But you actually should rather change your table design.
Never store multiple values in a single column!
A better table design would be
fruits table
------------
id name
1 melon
2 orange
3 apple
...
products table
-------------------
id name price
1 P1 1.50
2 P2 2.99
3 P3 0.99
product_fruits table
--------------------
product_id fruit_id
1 1
1 2
2 2
3 1
That is a classic many to many relation (m to n).

Answer 2

$fruit = $_GET['fruit'];
$query1= sprintf("SELECT * FROM tbl_fruits WHERE fruit LIKE '%%s%'",
mysql_real_escape_string($fruit ));

Answer 3

Try below sql
$fruit = $_GET['fruit'];
$query1= "SELECT * FROM tbl_fruits WHERE fruit LIKE '%".$fruit."%'";

Answer 4

Use a LIKE clause:
SELECT * FROM tbl_fruits
WHERE fruit LIKE '%apple%';

Answer 5

select * from tbl_fruits WHERE fruit like '%melon%'

Answer 6

As mentioned before you can/should build your table structure differently.
It's the "relational" in "relational database". see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_normalization
As always: not a silver bullet. There are other kinds of daabases and there can be rasons for not normalizing (parts of) tables. But anyway, here's an sscce using PDO:
<?php
$pdo = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=test;charset=utf8', 'localonly', 'localonly');
//echo 'client version: ', $pdo->getAttribute(PDO::ATTR_CLIENT_VERSION), "\n";
//echo 'server version: ', $pdo->getAttribute(PDO::ATTR_SERVER_VERSION), "\n";
$pdo->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
$pdo->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES, false);
setup($pdo);
$stmt = $pdo->prepare("
SELECT
m.name
FROM
soFruits as f
JOIN
soMixXFruits as x
ON
f.id=x.idFruit
JOIN
soFruitMix as m
ON
x.idMix=m.id
WHERE
f.name=?
");
$stmt->setFetchMode(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
foo($stmt, 'apple');
foo($stmt, 'melon');
function foo(PDOStatement $stmt, $param) {
echo "----- $param -----\r\n";
$stmt->execute( array($param) );
foreach($stmt as $r) {
echo join(', ', $r), "\r\n";
}
}
function setup($pdo) {
$queries = array(
'
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE soFruits (
id INT auto_increment,
name varchar(64),
primary key(id)
)
',
'
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE soFruitMix (
id INT auto_increment,
name varchar(32),
primary key(id)
)
',
'
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE soMixXFruits (
idMix int,
idFruit int,
primary key(idMix, idFruit)
)
',
"INSERT INTO soFruits (id,name) VALUES (1,'apple'),(2,'cherry'),(3,'grape'),(4,'kiwi'),(5,'lemon'),(6,'melon'),(7,'orange'),(8,'pear')",
"INSERT INTO soFruitMix (id,name) VALUES (1, 'mix1'),(2,'mix2'),(3,'mix3'),(4,'mix4')",
);
foreach( $queries as $q ) {
$pdo->exec($q);
}
$data = [
'1'=>['apple','orange','pear','grape','lemon'],
'2'=>['pear','melon','apple','kiwi','lemon'],
'3'=>['orange','kiwi','pear','apple','cherry'],
'4'=>['grape','lemon','cherry','apple','melon']
];
$stmt = $pdo->prepare('
INSERT INTO soMixXFruits (idMix, idFruit)
SELECT
:idMix, id
FROM
soFruits
WHERE
name=:nameFruit
');
$stmt->bindParam('idMix', $idMix);
$stmt->bindParam('nameFruit', $nameFruit);
foreach($data as $idMix=>$mix) {
foreach($mix as $nameFruit) {
$stmt->execute();
}
}
}
Take a look at the table definitions in function setup($pdo). You have entities like fruits and mixes and then there's a table that represents their relationship.
side-note: I didn't pay attention to the indicies. But for performance that is usually crucial, see http://www.sitepoint.com/using-explain-to-write-better-mysql-queries/