urldecode() not decoding the + sign - php

I am working on a PayPal payment system, I wanna send 2 values in the custom field. Therefor I used the urlencode(json_encode()) functionality. An example of how it looks without urlencoding.
$customData = array();
$customData['invoiceID'] = $invoiceID;
$customData['username'] = urlencode($_GET['username']);
$p->add_field('custom', urlencode(json_encode($customData)));
Output is:
%7B%22invoiceID%22%3A108674%2C%22username%22%3A%22Just%2Btesting%22%7D
Desired output when urldecoding and jsondecoding:
{"invoiceID":108674,"username":"Just testing"}
But it's giving me this after urldecoding and jsondecoding:
{"invoiceID":108674,"username":"Just+testing"}
The workaround for this issue is to urldecode the username itself as well once again. But why do I have to double urldecode just to get the value that I urlencoded with just one time running this function?

Seems like you are applying two times urlencode() to data so you need to apply two times urldecode() or remove one of them.

I think the "custom" field is used to identify your request on the other end, correct? So, that field is for your use and not for paypal. I think it's a good idea to encode it. But, if you want it to survive paypals back end you might want to use base64encode and base64decode.

Related

PHP urlencode a URL post field

I am using curl to call an API POST and pass 15 post fields, one being an actual wbsite URL. For example
https://www.test.com?URL=https://www.myurl.com;&Name=John
Using urlencode converts the characters in the URL post field and the API receiving the POST call does not recognize it as an actual URL. Is there any way to keep the URL string as is when positing?
If you are using GET query arguments, you need to urlencode the value, then decode it on the backend:
https://www.test.com?URL=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.myurl.com
And then:
urldecode($_GET['url'])
For POST, the same is true for application/x-www-form-urlencoded, but doesn't matter for application/json.
Also, just a heads up, you have an extra ; in your URL, which would make it invalid if you included it.
Edit:
I will additionally add, that in general, it's good practice to always urldecode values received from query arugments/form data. The general thought here being that, while you may not want urlencoded data, that's the way the web is built - You should build your code in a way that it's up to the client. This is considered an important step in data sanitation, and should always happen before validation.
You can use php builtin method to decode the url encoded data.
$actualUrl = urldecode ($_GET ['url']);

Are there any tricks to avoid having to urlencode a url in a querystring

I'm trying to put a script together for a client that needs to be able to accept a web address in a query string without it first being urlencoded. An example would be like this:
http://foo.com/script.php?url=www.amazon.co.uk/ESET-Smart-Security-User-Year/dp/B005NPFOBM/ref=sr_1_1?s=software&ie=UTF8&qid=1341685530&sr=1-1
However, when I echo out the contents of $_GET['url'] it gives me the following:
www.amazon.co.uk/ESET-Smart-Security-User-Year/dp/B005NPFOBM/ref=sr_1_1?s=software
So basically it seems to choke on the first ampersand - i'm guessing because it thinks that its another variable.
Aside form urlencoding, are there any tricks to getting this working? I could probably POST it from a form, but this defeats the idea of the script.
For this specific use case, you should use $_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'] instead. This will give you the full query string in one go, you can then split it yourself.
In your example, PHP is assuming that the & is the delimiter for the next GET variable.
you could ask the query parameters, and add them to the URL you received. List the remaining parameters in $_GET in the proper order, and add them add the end of $_GET['url'].
$_GET['url']
+ '&ie=' + $_GET['ie']
+ '&qid=' + $_GET['qid']
+ '&sr=' + $_GET['sr']
Be careful that you might get an extra parameter url someday.
http://foo.com/script.php?url=www.amazon.co.uk/ESET-Smart-Security-User-Year/dp/B005NPFOBM/ref=sr_1_1?s=software&ie=UTF8&qid=1341685530&sr=1-1&url=http://someAmazoneStuff

Why does Symfony escape & characters when using url_for()?

With this Symfony page, I am passing $_GET parameters in the URI like this:
http://www.mysite.com/article?page=4&sort=1
Once in my layout, there are certain links in the page that need to have the same query string in them.
Anyways, using Symfony's url_for() command I'm making URLs like so:
$url = url_for('article/index?.http_build_query($_GET));
That way it makes a new url using the $_GET variables. For some of the links I'm changing the $_GET values ahead of time, like $_GET['sort']=0; before generating the url. That's why I'm using this method.
Anyways, when I look at the generated URL, it now looks like this:
http://www.mysite.com/article?page=4&amp%3Bsort=1
The &amp%3B is the encoded form of & which is just an & character.
So the problem is that when I check for my $_GET parameters in my controller now, there is no longer a sort parameter that is passed. It's now called &amp%3Bsort... It's causing all sorts of issues.
Two questions:
How do I avoid this problem? Can I decode the $_GET parameter key values in my controller or something?
Why is symfony encoding a & character in the first place? It's a perfectly acceptable URI character. Heck, even the encoded value, &amp%3B contains a & !!!
I believe, it is because of output escaping is ON in your application. As a result, $_GET array is wrapped inside sfOutputEscaperArrayDecorator class. You can get a raw value using this: $_GET->getRawValue().
$url = url_for('article/index?.http_build_query($_GET->getRawValue()))
Or you can decode the result query using sfOutputEscaper::unescape
$url = url_for('article/index?.sfOutputEscaper::unescape(http_build_query($_GET)));
Hope this will be useful.
Best if you use Symfony's own method for getting the request parameters. For example, in templates, use:
$sf_request->getParameter('some_param');
If you must use $_GET, maybe try:
((( $sf_data->getRaw('_GET') )))
... to get past the output escaping. Not totally sure if that'll work as is.

Consolidating multiple GET parameters into a single value

Im not really sure what im looking for but currently in my system i send a long url like this:
$name=1&option=2&field=4....
And its quite long. So if i have a list of values like:
name
option
field
can i put them into a string in which i can break at certain points eg by a slash or whatever.
And then encode the string so its completely random like, so i only have one field to send:
&data=JKHFGDKGLKJHFKDJHFKJDHFKHDF
Then finally i can decode the other side and break apart.
Is there a pre-built function to do this?
WHAT IT IS:
im sending data to paypal, but i have a few custom variables i wish to send, now for some reason my IPN isnt geting them, not sure why, but if i add one called custom it get to the IPN fine. So i thought if i just send one called custom in a random format and then decode?
You could simply Base64-encode your data.
$a = array('name' => '1', 'option' => '2', 'field' => '4');
$temp = json_encode($a); // convert array to string
$data = base64_encode($temp); // encode string
output:
"eyJuYW1lIjoiMSIsIm9wdGlvbiI6IjIiLCJmaWVsZCI6IjQifQ=="
To send this in an URL, you must encode it once more (like you must encode all data you would send in a URL)
$url = $url . "&data=" . urlencode($data)
The intermediary step through JSON ensures your data will kep its structure and will be easily decodeable on the receiving side.
On the downside: Your URL will be longer.
Use base64_encode and then base64_decode, this will solve your problem.
If you don't know what you are looking for we can't imagine that lol.
Anyway If i got you, you can do this, considering you have built your string:
$string ="$name=1&option=2&field=4";
You could pass it as a single param with:
$data = url_encode($string);
Other than url_encode you can use base64_encode
As the commenter (Bobby) says - consider using POST when you want to send larger sets of data and prevent your URL from becoming unmanageably long or ugly.
GET variables are handy for providing the user with a page they can bookmark directly which is desirable in some cases, such as on a search page with a query string and/or filters already filled in, so that the user can return to a search and check for new results periodically without having to reset all of their choices.
POST variables are better if you don't need that sort of functionality, you don't need to encode/decode them for URLs and they can't be bookmarked directly (which is also desirable in many cases).
To answer your original question though, if you really, really had to send the variable(s) on the URL and you wanted to just send one apparently random string, I suggest writing a couple of encode/decode functions of your own (since I assume the object of the excercise is not to encrypt it against tampering, just to make your URLs friendlier). This will be all the easier if there are restrictions to what the variables can be, and more difficult if they can be absolutely anything.
For example - if you have the following vars and possible settings:
var1 (apple, banana, orange)
var2 (car, motorbike, bicycle)
var3 (red, yellow, green)
Normally, you'd make a URL like:
http://www.mysite.com/page.php?var1=banana&var2=car&var3=green
If you assign the variables to numbers (for example) so that var1, var2 and var3 would be 1, 2 or 3 - then you could send over a URL like:
http://www.mysite.com/page.php?vars=213
Break it down at the other end into single numbers and convert those back into 'banana', 'car', and 'green'.
But seriously.... I'd look at POST first unless there is very specific reason why you would use this sort of approach - i've used it before for shortening a URL to make it more sharable on social media and forums.

Multiple Variables into 1 in a URL

I am looking to have a list of arguments passed across in an a URL.
$url['key1']=1;
$url['key2']=2;
$url['key3']=3;
$url['key4']=4;
$url['key5']=5;
$url['key6']=6;
$url['key7']=7;
Please Note I am trying to pass this in the URL in 1 GET variable. I know this would be better done by ?key1=1&key2=2&key3=3...etc but for reasons that are too complicated to try and explain they can't be in this format.
Any suggestions how I can convert this array into something that can be passed as 1 get var in a URL string?
Thanks in advance.
You can use json_encode() or serialize()
$myUrl = 'http://www.example.com/?myKey=' . urlencode(json_encode($url));
or
$myUrl = 'http://www.example.com/?myKey=' . urlencode(serialize($url));
Using json_encode will usually give you a shorter string, but very old PHP version might not have the json_decode function available to decode it again.
The final way would be to create your own custom encoding... it could be as simple a pipe-separated values: key1|1|key2|2|key3|3
This would give you the best option for a short URL, but is the most work.
Try http_build_query:
$url['key1']=1;
$url['key2']=2;
$url['key3']=3;
$url['key4']=4;
$url['key5']=5;
$url['key6']=6;
$url['key7']=7;
echo http_build_query($url);
//echos key1=1&key2=2&key3=3&key...
What it does is converting an array into a query string using the keys and automatically takes care of url-encoding.
EDIT:
Just read your additional requirement that it should be just one variable. So nevermind this answer.
If your problem was the proper encoding though you might want to give this another try.
Hope that helps.
The recommendation to use serialize() is fine. If space is an issue, then use a combination of bzcompress() and serialize().
However, there's a security considering that hasn't been brought up, and that's that the end user (who can see and edit this url) could manipulate the data within it. You may think it's difficult, but most of the PHP-attacking worms in the wild do this to some degree or another.
If letting the user directly manipulate any of the keys or values (or replacing it with an integer, or an object, or anything else), then you should protect your script (and your users) from this attack.
A simple solution is to simply use a shared secret. It can be anything; just so long as it's unique and truly secret (perhaps you should randomly generate it at install-time). Let's say you have in your config file something like this:
define('SECRET', 'unoqetbioqtnioqrntbioqt');
Then, you can digitally sign the serialized data created with: $s=serialize($m) using $k=sha1($s.SECRET) and make the url value $k.$s
Then, before you unserialize() do this:
$v=substr($input,0,40);
$s=substr($input,40);
if ($v != sha1($s.SECRET)) { die("invalid input"); }
$m=unserialize($s);
This way, you know that $m is the same as the original value that you serialized.
If you like, you can use the following drop-in replacements:
define('SECRET','buh9tnb1094tib014'); // make sure you pick something else
function secureserialize($o) {
$s=serialize($o);
return sha1($s.SECRET).$s;
}
function secureunserialize($i) {
$v=substr($i,0,40);$s=substr($i,40);
if ($v!=sha1($s.SECRET)){die("invalid input");}
return unserialize($s);
}
You could serialize them as key-value pairs when constructing the URL, putting the resultant serialized value in a single $_GET variable (e.g. data=sfsdfasdf98sdfasdf), then unserialize the $_GET["data"] variable. You'll need to use urlencode to make sure the resultant serialized values are URL-safe. Make sure you watch out for maximum URL lengths - 2083 characters in IE.
However, unless you really can't use key-value pairs in URLs (per your question), key1=foo&key2=bar... is definitely the way to go.
If you don't mind dropping the key names, you can use
http://example.com?url[]=1&url[]=2&url[]=3
EDIT Keeping the key names:
http://example.com?values[]=1&values[]=2&values[]=3&keys[]=1&keys[]=2&keys[]=3
Then in your PHP script:
$url = array_combine($_GET['keys'], $_GET['values']);
Could you solve your problem by saving the data as a HTML cookie? That way you don't have to modify the URL at all.
If you know the values in advance, you can set them from the server side when you send the user the page with your target link on it.
If you won't know the values until the user fills out a form it can still be done using JavascriptL When the user clicks the form submit you can set multiple cookies by making multiple javascript calls like:
document.cookie = 'key1=test; expires=Mon, 7 Sept 2009 23:47:11 UTC; path=/'
The security model might give you some trouble if you are trying to pass this data from one domain to another though.

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