I am new to CakePHP (2.x) and am creating a post and comments feature. Everything works except I cannot figure out how to get the user's username out of the registrations (third) table (linked with "registration_id"). My associations currently look like:
class Article extends AppModel {
public $hasMany = array('ArticleComment');
public $belongsTo = array(
'ArticleRegistration' => array(
'className' => 'Registration',
'foreignKey' => 'Article.registration_id' //(doesn't work)
),
'ArticleCommentRegistration' => array(
'className' => 'Registration',
'foreignKey' => 'ArticleComment.registration_id' //(doesn't work)
)
);
class ArticleComment extends AppModel {
public $belongsTo = array('Registration','Article');
I am not sure if the associations from ArticleComment are being applied since it is being called through the Article model. I am retrieving the data by:
$this->set('articles', $this->Article->find('all', array('order' => 'Article.created desc', 'limit' => '3')));
I have tried a join and passing two separate variables for the articles and comments array but then I have to remove my associations which leads me to believe it's not proper coding.
Tables are:
articles
__________
id
registration_id
body
article_comments
__________
id
article_id
registration_id
body
registration
__________
id
username
I am fetching the information with:
$this->set('articles', $this->Article->find('all', array('order' => 'Article.created desc')));
TIA!
The generated SQL query from cakephp when you make a find() call is as follows
SELECT `Article`.`id`,
`Article`.`registration_id`,
`Article`.`body`,
`Registration`.`id`,
`Registration`.`username`
FROM `test`.`articles` AS `Article`
LEFT JOIN `test`.`registration` AS `Registration`
ON (`Article`.`registration_id` = `Registration`.`id`)
WHERE 1 = 1 LIMIT 20
So, in order to access the username you just need to write something like this in your view
$articles['Registration']['username'];
I recommend you to use the cakephp bake commands, I could make this proyect like in 10 minutes with them. And also I recommend using Netbeans as IDE, the cakephp plugin is awesome.
Here is a link to an example project that you can clone with git.
Related
I'm a bit of a newbie and I'm having trouble getting my cakephp query correct.
I have a users table and users hasmany rotas. The rotas table looks like
monday_am
monday_pm
tuesday_am
etc
and if the user is due to be in on monday_pm for example, then that field will have 1. Otherwise 0.
I want to get all the users who belong to a particular room, have deregistered=0 and - and this is where I'm having the problem - who have a rota where (for example) tuesday_am = 1
So I have the code:
$options['conditions'] = array('User.room_id'=>$room_id, 'User.deregistered'=>0, 'User.request'=>0);
$options['joins'] = array(
array('table' => 'rotas',
'alias' => 'rota',
'type' => 'INNER',
'conditions' => array('rota.'.$todaysDay.'_'.$amPm => 1)
)
);
$usersToday = $this->User->find('all', $options);
If I don't try the join then I get a nice small list of users like I expect. If I try the join I get 100s of results which are mostly duplicates!
How can I get just one record of a user who has the required conditions in the Users table as well as the Rotas table, and how come doing the join as I have causes so many results?!?
thanks
Assuming you have a column in your rota table called user_id, you can make your Rota model like this:
class Rota extends Model
{
public $belongsTo = array('User');
}
Then in your controller, you can query the Rotas and get the user from it.
$users = $this->Rota->find('all', array(
'fields' => array('DISTINCT (User.id)' /* add more fields for selection */ ),
'conditions' => array(
'User.room_id'=>$room_id,
'User.deregistered'=>0,
'User.request'=>0,
'Rota.'.$todaysDay.'_'.$amPm => 1
)
));
Okay, so I have a form in CakePHP that submits to a database. In this form it submits a field called client_id and it is stored in the database as such as well.
Then I have a view to allow me to view all of the invoices that have ever been created. To view the client responsible for the invoice, I can currently only see the id entered in the form by placing: <?php echo $invoice['Invoice']['client_id']; ?> in the view.
The invoices go to one database called: invoices
The clients name is not stored in the invoices table, just the id
The clients information is stored in one database called: clients
I want to be able to actually display out the clients real name in the invoices view rather than the client id.
I tried adding the following query to my index controller, But i'm not sure what to do after this or if this is even right.
$this->set('clients', $this->Invoice->query("SELECT * FROM clients WHERE id='89545'"));
In order to keep this question short in the first place, Please request specific code by commenting. i.e. Controller code, view code, etc... Thank you in advance.
Additional Thoughts
If I wasn't using CakePHP I could use something like the following, So I guess I just don't know how to put this into cakephp "language".
<?php
query($con, "SELECT name FROM clients WHERE id='$client_id'");
echo $row['name'];
?>
roughly!
Update
Here are my models
First one being the Client.php
<?php
class Client extends AppModel {
public $hasMany = array(
'Invoice' => array(
'className' => 'Invoice',
'foreignKey' => 'client_id'
)
);
}
?>
Second one being the Invoice.php
<?php
class Invoice extends AppModel {
public $belongsTo = array(
'Client' => array(
'className' => 'Client',
'foreignKey' => 'client_id'
)
);
}
?>
And finally, to get my invoices from the database, I am using the following inside: InvoicesController.php
public function index() {
$this->set('invoices', $this->Invoice->find('all'));
}
Have you properly set up your model associations? If so you should be able to do something like $invoice['Client']['client_name'] assuming you didn't use recursive = -1.
/edit: Ok I don't mind throwing some code out, but this is a fundamental concept you'll have to try to wrap your head around. Every model that is connected to another model has to have the association set up or things will be painful.
I am assuming a Client hasMany Invoice. So each invoice is specific to a client, and they can have multiple invoices (ex. October 2013 vs November 2013 invoice). From the CakePHP page we see:
class User extends AppModel {
public $hasMany = array(
'Comment' => array(
'className' => 'Comment',
'foreignKey' => 'user_id',
'conditions' => array('Comment.status' => '1'),
'order' => 'Comment.created DESC',
'limit' => '5',
'dependent' => true
)
);
}
So using that as our template, we end up with:
public $hasMany = array(
'Invoice' => array(
'className' => 'Invoice',
'foreignKey' => 'client_id'
)
);
And that goes in Client.php. As the inverse of hasMany is belongsTo, we have an Invoice belongsTo Client. Again, using the CakePHP page as the template, we end up with:
public $belongsTo = array(
'Client' => array(
'className' => 'Client',
'foreignKey' => 'client_id'
)
);
And that goes in Invoice.php. Once you set up those associations, whenever you do something like $this->Invoice->find('all'); or $this->paginate('Invoice');, with proper $recursive settings, Cake will grab the corresponding Client record. This allows you to do what I said before, something like $invoice['Client']['client_name'].
You can also use the $actsAs = array('Containable'); in the model in order to use the 'contain' directive in your controller's find method (instead of using recursive which most likely will get unwanted data on models with many relations)
I am developing a web app for an art gallery, and I want to check I have set up the data model correctly.
I have a people table and an artists table. Some of the people are artists and some are not.
I also have a products table and each product belongs to one artist.
Below is a simplified version of the tables:
products
********
id
title
artist_id
artists
*******
id
profile
rating
person_id
people
******
id
first_name
last_name
I need to be able to retrieve the name of the artist when performing the find() method on the Product model.
Have I set up the data model correctly and if so what is the best way to retrieve the artist's name without getting lots of unwanted data?
It's possible to use CakePHP's bindModel & unbindModel to build up relations that don't rely on Cake's automagic goodness.
Since you were interested in doing the find on the Product model, I'll set out an example that can be called from the Products controller:
// unbind Artist
$this->Product->unbindModel(array(
'belongsTo' => array('Artist')
));
// bind Artist & Person using explicit conditions
$this->Product->bindModel(array(
'hasOne' => array(
'Artist' => array(
'foreignKey' => false,
'conditions' => array('Artist.id = Product.artist_id')
),
'Person' => array(
'foreignKey' => false,
'conditions' => array('Person.id = Artist.person_id')
),
)
));
// return the person
$person = $this->Product->find('first', array(
'conditions' => array(
'Product.id' => 1 // or any other condition
),
'fields' => array(
'Person.first_name',
'Person.last_name'
)
));
What's happening here?
Firstly, we unbind the Product model's relationship with the Artist model.
Secondly, we bind the Artist and Person models by explicitly defining the relationships and disabling Cake's automatic forigenKey connections.
Lastly, we do a 'first' find on the Product model and only request the 'first_name' & 'last_name' of the Person.
Each 'Product' belongs to an 'Artist' and each 'Artist' hasAndBelongsToMany 'Product'
You will also need the following table:
artists_products
****************
id
product_id
artist_id
http://book.cakephp.org/#!/view/1044/hasAndBelongsToMany-HABTM
When I was working on my current project, I ran into a rather complex issue. I'll point out my problem much more detailed right now:
There are three Models: User, UsersExtendedField and UsersExtended.
UsersExtendedField contains custom fields that can be managed manually. All custom fields can be shown in the Users view as well, and be filled out of course. The values are then stored in UsersExtended, which has got two foreignKeys: user_id and field_id.
The relations look like this: User hasMany UsersExtendedField, UsersExtendedField hasMany UsersExtended, UsersExtended belongsTo User, UsersExtendedField.
The problem: When accessing the Users view, a form with user information input is shown. Any UsersExtendedFields are available as well, and since these hasMany UsersExtended, they've got plenty of UsersExtended values. But I want to reduce those to only the value(s) that belong to the User, whose view is shown at the moment. Here are my (desired) relations:
Croogo::hookBehavior('User', 'Crooboard.ExtendedUser', array(
'relationship' => array(
'hasMany' => array(
'UsersExtendedField' => array(
'className' => 'Crooboard.UsersExtendedField',
'foreignKey' => '',
'conditions' => array('status' => 1)
),
),
),
));
class UsersExtendedField extends AppModel {
var $name = 'UsersExtendedField';
var $displayField = 'fieldname';
var $hasMany = array(
'UsersExtended' => array(
'className' => 'Crooboard.UsersExtended',
'foreignKey' => 'field_id',
'conditions' => array(
'UsersExtended.user_id = User.id'
)
),
);
}
This is not the full code, these are the important parts. The problem starts right where I wrote 'UsersExtended.user_id = User.id'. Obviously, this won't work. But I do not have any idea how to access the User.id here. I also could not imagine a HABTM structure to solve this task. Do you have any idea how to get the semantics of this 'UsersExtended.user_id = User.id' to work?
Thank your very much for taking the time to read through this and helping me!
It sounds like you need to set up your HABTM relationship properly.
You already have the join table, UsersExtended, which contains your foreign keys.
Remove all previous relationships and set up HABTM in each of your User and UserExtendedField models.
The relationship code in your User model would look like this:
var $hasAndBelongsToMany = array(
'UsersExtended' => array(
'className' => 'UsersExtended',
'joinTable' => 'UsersExtended', //assuming this is the
//name of that model's table
'foreignKey' => 'user_id',
'associationForeignKey' => 'field_id'
)
);
For more information check out the page in the cakephp book
In addition, this blog post helped me grasp the relationship concepts when I was learning cakephp.
I'm having trouble composing a CakePHP find() which returns the records I'm looking for.
My associations go like this:
User ->(has many)-> Friends ,
User ->(has many)-> Posts
I'm trying to display a list of all a user's friends recent posts, in other words, list every post that was created by a friend of the current user logged in.
The only way I can think of doing this is by putting all the user's friends' user_ids in a big array, and then looping through each one, so that the find() call would look something like:
$posts = $this->Post->find('all',array(
'conditions' => array(
'Post.user_id' => array(
'OR' => array(
$user_id_array[0],$user_id_array[1],$user_id_array[2] # .. etc
)
)
)
));
I get the impression this isn't the best way of doing things as if that user is popular that's a lot of OR conditions. Can anyone suggest a better alternative?
To clarify, here is a simplified version of my database:
"Users" table
id
username
etc
"Friends" table
id
user_id
friend_id
etc
"Posts" table
id
user_id
etc
After reviewing what you have rewritten, I think I understand what you are doing. Your current structure will not work. There is no reference in POSTS to friends. So based on the schema you have posted, friends CANNOT add any POSTS. I think what you are trying to do is reference a friend as one of the other users. Meaning, A users FRIEND is actually just another USER in the USERS table. This is a self referential HABTM relationship. So here is what I would propose:
1- First, make sure you have the HABTM table created in the DB:
-- MySQL CREATE TABLE users_users ( user_id char(36) NOT NULL,
friend_id char(36) NOT NULL );
2- Establish the relationships in the User model.
var $hasAndBelongsToMany = array(
'friend' => array('className' => 'User',
'joinTable' => 'users_users',
'foreignKey' => 'user_id',
'associationForeignKey' => 'friend_id',
'unique' => true,
),
);
var $hasMany = array(
'Post' => array(
'className' => 'Post',
'foreignKey' => 'user_id'
),
);
3- use the scaffolding to insert a few records, linking friends and adding posts.
4- Add the view record function to the Users controller:
function get_user($id)
{
$posts = $this->User->find('first', array(
'conditions' => array('User.id' => $id),
'recursive' => '2'
));
pr($posts);
}
5- Now you can query the User table using recursive to pull the records using the following command:
http://test/users/get_user/USER_ID
6- Your output will show all of the records (recursively) including the friends and their posts in the returned data tree when you pr($posts)
I know this is a long post, but I think it will provide the best solution for what you are trying to do. The power of CakePHP is incredible. It's the learning curve that kills us.
Happy Coding!
If Post.user_id points to Friend.id (which wouldn't follow the convention btw) then it would be
$posts = $this->Post->find('all',array(
'conditions' => array(
'Post.user_id' => $user_id_array
)
);
which would result in .. WHERE Post.user_id IN (1, 2, 3) ..
Depending on your setup, it might be quicker to run two queries rather than trying to chain them together via the Cake stuff. I'd recommend adding something like getFriendsPosts() in the Users model.
<?php
class UserModel extends AppModel {
// ... stuff
function getFriendsPosts( $user_id )
{
$friends = $this->find( ... parameters to get user IDs of all friends );
// flatten the array or tweak your params so they fit the conditions parameter. Check out the Set class in CakePHP
$posts = $this->find( 'all', array( 'conditions' => array( 'User.id' => $friends ) ) );
return $posts;
}
}
?>
Then to call it, in the controller just do
$friends = $this->User->getFriendsPosts( $this->Auth->User('id') );
HTH,
Travis
Isn't CakePHP already generating the efficient code of:
SELECT * from Posts WHERE user_id IN (id1, id2 ...)
if not, you can do
$conditions='NULL';
foreach($user_id_array as $id) $conditions.=", $id";
$posts = $this->Posts->find('all', array(
'conditions' => "Post.user_id IN ($conditions)",
));
If your models are properly associated, Cake will automatically retrieve related model records. So, when you search for a specific user, Cake will automatically retrieve related friends, and related posts of these friends. All you need to do is set the recursion level high enough.
$user = $this->User->find('first', array('conditions' => array('User.id' => $id), 'recursive' => 2));
debug($user);
// gives something like:
array(
User => array()
Friend => array(
0 => array(
...
Post => array()
),
1 => array(
...
Post => array()
)
)
)
All you need to do is extract the posts from the user's friends, which is as easy as:
$postsOfFriends = Set::extract('/Friend/Post/.', $user);