I would like to get the current system locale of a server (say windows 7 os). This is to ensure that different language setting uses different parts of code in PHP.
However, I could not find any API that does this.
Can anyone tell me the name of the function?
Having thought more about the problem and the particular setup I have, I came up with this solution, which seems to work. Note that I don't have control over what languages I need to support: there are translation files dropped into a predefined place and system locales installed by someone else. During runtime, I need to support a particular language if corresponding translation file exists and and system locale is installed. This got me to this solution:
Use below function
function getLocale($lang)
{
$locs = array();
exec('locale -a', $locs);
$locale = 'en-IN';
foreach($locs as $l)
{
$regex = "/$lang\_[A-Z]{2}$/";
if(preg_match($regex, $l) && file_exists(TRANSROOT . "/$lang.php"))
{
$locale = $l;
break;
}
}
return $locale;
}
I'm defaulting to en-IN if I cannot resolve a locale, because I know for certain that en-IN is installed.
Oddly, you get the locale for the PHP process by using the setlocale function like so:
setlocale (LC_ALL,"0");
The second parameter is "locales" and it says in the docs:
If locales is "0", the locale setting is not affected, only the current setting is returned.
So it always returns the locale, but you can tell it to set nothing and just return the current locale.
Note: This isn't the system locale, but the locale of the PHP process itself, which is usually derived from the system locale, but may be different if you previously called setlocale and changed it. I thought at first that that's what this question was looking for, but I think the answer from Gags is more correct, calling "locale -a" with "exec()" to get the actual system language independent of the PHP process.
Best answer above from Gags.
If you want the contents of the accept-language: header from the current request, if there is one, use:
$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE']
Related
So, I was handed an old project by another employee. It's horribly coded and almost made me quit my job. Twice. Because I don't have that much time (I was given 2 weeks for this task), I can't rewrite the entire thing. I modified it as I was asked, and currently, I'm doing the testings. The problem is, the code should alter it's behavior in other years. The problem with this problem is, that there is no central location where the current year is set, it's all over the code using date("Y") which would force me to change around 200 files.
So, the easiest solution would be to tell PHP in the beginning: "Hey, it's year 20xx". I tried date_default_timezone_set(), but this didn't help me at all. So what I'm looking for is:
A PHP-command which changes the current year to the set value (likeSet_Date("Y", 2016);)
An Apache-Servercommand which changes the current time (likesetdate -Y 2016)
Is there any way or at least a workaround to make the script think it's another year?
You can redefine functions using runkit_function_redefine()
But you need to setup the runkit PECL extension
NOTE : i didn't test it !
<?php
print date("Y");
$date = 'print "Hello, it is a new definition of date function <" . $Y . ">"; return 2014; ';
runkit_function_redefine('date', '$Y', $date);
date("Y");
It's probably not suitable for your case but I thought I should share this abuse of namespaces:
<?php
namespace FakeTime;
function date($format, $time=null){
return 2001;
}
var_dump(date('Y'));
This is a combination of other users suggestion and how to I use libfaketime.
No need for a PECL extension.
You can very easily fake the time by modifying /etc/apache2/envvars
just add:
export FAKETIME="2015-12-04 12:41:15"
export LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/faketime/libfaketime.so.1
Make sure LD_PRELOAD points to the git source.
Now restart your apache2 and you'll be back in time right at the point where you'd asked this question!
Frist compile libfaketime as suggested https://github.com/wolfcw/libfaketime
Dynamically load baked libfaketime into the scripts you need
if (!extension_loaded('libfaketime')) {
dl('libfaketime.so');
}
Optional:
Use auto_prepend_file configuration to prepend the dl(.. comand to every file.
Other possible way is to simply compile a second PHP installation and modify the date functions: https://github.com/php/php-src/blob/master/ext/date/php_date.c
I'm trying to get CakePHP's i18n component to work. I have extracted my strings to app/Locale/default.pot using the i18n console task. I then copied it into app/Locale/eng/LC_MESSAGES/default.po and app/Locale/fra/LC_MESSAGES/default.po making sure to change the extension. I used the program Virtaal (similar to Poedit) to translate some of the strings.
In my app/Config/core.php I have set my default language to english with Configure::write('Config.language', 'eng'); if I change it to Configure::write('Config.language', 'fra'); I expected to see the new translated strings but nothing changed. I tried setting the Config.language key in the session as well but it didn't do anything. Printing out the configure value and session values I can see they are being set.
Am I missing something here? also in the many different posts I've been reading about i18n in CakePHP I've seen the key fre being used interchangeably with fra is there a difference?
After http://book.cakephp.org/1.3/en/The-Manual/Common-Tasks-With-CakePHP/Internationalization-Localization.html it should be fre for french.
// locale path
/app/locale/fre/LC_MESSAGES/default.po (French)
// To change or set the language for your application, all you need to do is the following:
Configure::write('Config.language', 'fre');
// To set the language for the current user, store the setting in the Session object, like this:
$this->Session->write('Config.language', 'fre');
Further than that:
In our cakePHP application I have to restart the apache webserver after changing the files to get the new strings because of caching. Perhaps you have to do that too, but I'm not quite sure as we generate .mo files out of the .po via an POEdit setting. I dont't think you are forced to do this, because the cookboke doesn't say anything about that (or I didn't found it now :D ).
edit:
Looks like cake is using the bibliographic codes for french but the terminology for german. That's very confusing :/ : http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php
I'm following the instructions from BryanH's answer here: gettext() equivalent in Intl library? and trying to implement localization (translation) with php-intl, but I keep getting the same problem this person had: ResourceBundle returns NULL without any errors being raised
He mentions he created the dat files with a tool (which I cannot figure out how to work) while the person in the former answer simply appears to be using txt files with a .res extension.
How do I properly implement localization with php-intl and ResourceBundle, and what am I doing wrong?
The goal is to have various data files with different languages so I can do something similar to
$t = new Translator();
$t->setResource(new \ResourceBundle('es', 'locales_folder/'));
$t->echo("somestring"); // "el stringo"
..much like the person in the first answer had. Also, the aim is to have easily editable files, so I can give them to translators for fixes, updates, and so on. I realize I could easily do this with custom solution through a simple text file which gets parsed and saved into memcache on first request, where it then persists and gets served from without having to re-read the .dat files, but I'd rather take the suggested route here.
Edit: Just to get it out there - I implemented the same thing with gettext successfully and it was dead easy - save for one bug that persists across linux systems (http://www.php.net/manual/en/book.gettext.php#91187) - but I'd like to rely on the more modern and all-inclusive intl extension if possible.
I can provide a solution to your question on how to create and use .res files for the intl PHP extension, however I have no experience with speed and use in production systems, you will have to see for yourself if this can be a replacement for gettext.
In my opinion a great benefit of gettext are additional tools such as xgettext which can extract strings to be translated. Still, using resources might be more useful in your use-case.
To generate a .res file you need to use the program genrb which is bundled with ICU. (for example when installing ICU on OSX using brew install icu4c (see this tutorial) you can find the tool at /usr/local/Cellar/icu4c/*/bin/genrb (replace * with the version number))
Next you prepare a file for each locale. Let's do this for two languages in this example, German and Spanish.
$ cat de.txt
de {
hello { "Hallo" }
}
$ cat es.txt
es {
hello { "Hola" }
}
$ genrb *.txt
genrb number of files: 2
You now have 2 additional files de.res and es.res, which you can now access in PHP
<?php
foreach (array("de", "es") as $locale) {
$r = ResourceBundle::create($locale, __DIR__);
echo $r["hello"], "\n";
}
which will output
Hallo
Hola
So in essence, you can hand those *.txt files to your translaters and prepare them for PHP using genrb.
Finally, a small example for the class you were trying to write:
<?php
class Translator {
private $resourceBundle = null;
public function __construct(\ResourceBundle $r) {
$this->resourceBundle = $r;
}
public function __get($string) {
return $this->resourceBundle[$string];
}
}
$t = new Translator(new \ResourceBundle('es', __DIR__));
echo $t->hello;
I have a very annoying problem with the language/locale for our site. I've been looking around here but haven't found anything similar.
So we support a few different languages and have everything set up with .po and .mo files which works fine most of the time. Sometimes it switches language when you load something or refresh a page. There's not really a pattern to it either, sometimes 6 'en' in a row and then 'sv' and sometimes every second 'sv' and 'en'.
Ex. If you want to edit a user you get a popup which starts by including authorize.php where we check the language and set it accordingly with this function:
function _set_locale ($lang){
switch($lang) {
case 'sv': $locale = "sv_SE"; break;
case 'en': $locale = "en_SG"; break;
case 'nl': $locale = "nl_NL"; break;
case 'dk': $locale = "da_DK"; break;
case 'vi': $locale = "vi_VN"; break;
case 'zh': $locale = "zh_CN"; break;
default: $locale = "en_SG"; break;
}
putenv("LANGUAGE=$locale");
setlocale(LC_ALL, "$locale.UTF-8");
bindtextdomain("messages", "./locale/");
textdomain("messages");
I was running an account with Swedish, 'sv' set and refreshed the edit user popup 10 times and debugged this function, $lang was 'sv' and I logged setlocale(LC_ALL, 0) which returned 'sv_SE.UTF-8' every time but the page was displayed in English 5-6 times.
It seems like it's only switching from the current language to English which is the original language, so I figure that it's not getting translated. It doesn't look like we're setting the wrong/default language, it just ignores/don't have time? to set the language.
The language is not saved in cookies and some accounts just have 1 language (which is not English) and still gets this.
In the above ex. when we return from authorize.php we don't use any language variable in the actual 'edit user' page. So it shouldn't be able to change it there. (I also debugged and checked the language when returning from auth. and it was Swedish every time).
I don't expect anyone to be able to solve this by the info I've given I'm just interested if someone has experienced this or have any idea why it sometimes 'switches' please let me know if I can attach some more code to sort this out.
Thanks!
I had a similar intermittent problem PHP gettext and vagrant running ubuntu, it was showing the right text on the 3rd request.
Try one of the following, I think it will depend how you have PHP running with Apache
sudo service php5-fpm restart
sudo service apache2 restart
I think it stemmed from me playing around with the value passed to setLocale()
I have to develop a pretty simple php website so I don't need framework.
But it's must support multi language (EN/FR/CHINESE).
I have looked for php built in system and I found two ways :
intl module from php5.3 (http://php.net/manual/fr/book.intl.php)
gettext (http://php.net/manual/fr/book.gettext.php)
I have no experience in i18n without framework, so any advices about what's the simplest way to support multi language ?
At end I just need a function that search translation into file (one file by language).
EQ :
trans('hello');
=> en.yaml (yaml or not, it's an example)
hello: "Hello world!"
=> fr.yaml
hello: "Bonjour tout le monde !"
And if possible I prefer Pure PHP implementations
Although ext/gettext and ext/intl are both related to i18 (internationalization), gettext deals with translation while intl deals with internationalizing things like number and date display, sorting orders and transliteration. So you'd actually need both for a complete i18-solution. Depending on your needs you may come up with an home-brew solution relying on the extensions mentioned above or your use components provided by some framework:
Translation
Symfony 2 Translation component: https://github.com/symfony/Translation
Zend Framework Zend_Translate
Internationalization
Zend Framework Zend_Locale
If you only need translation and the site is simple enough, perhaps your simple solution (reading a translation configuration file into an PHP array, using a simple function to retrieve a token) might be the easiest.
The most simple solution I can think of is:
$translation = array(
'Hello world!' => array(
'fr' => 'Bonjour tout le monde!',
'de' => 'Hallo Welt!'
)
);
if (!function_exists('gettext')) {
function _($token, $lang = null) {
global $translation;
if ( empty($lang)
|| !array_key_exists($token, $translation)
|| !array_key_exists($lang, $translation[$token])
) {
return $token;
} else {
return $translation[$token][$lang];
}
}
}
echo _('Hello World!');
I know this is an old question, but I feel that the answers are lacking a more hands-on approach from start to finish. This is what I did to get translation working using PHP's gettext library and Poedit without using any additional PHP libraries on a Debian server:
Preparation step 1: Install gettext and the locales on the server
I am not sure how this is done with other operating systems, but for Debian, you do:
sudo apt-get install gettext
sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales
Edit: I assumed Ubuntu would be the same as Debian, but apparently it's slightly different. See this page for instructions for installing locales on Ubuntu.
Make sure you select all of the locales that you want to use. You should then see something like:
Generating locales (this might take a while)...
en_US.UTF-8... done
es_MX.UTF-8... done
fr_FR.UTF-8... done
zh_CN.UTF-8... done
Generation complete.
Note: Make sure you select the right variants and character encodings (most likely UTF-8) for each language. If you install es_MX.UTF-8 and try to use es_ES.UTF-8 or es_MX.ISO-8859-1 it won't work.
Preparation step 2: Install Poedit on the translators' computers
Poedit is available from the software repository for most Linux operating systems. For Debian-based, just execute:
sudo apt-get install poedit
For Windows and Mac, go to: https://poedit.net/download
Start coding:
Ok, now you're ready to get started coding. I wrote the following gettext() wrapper function to translate both singular and plurals:
function __($text, $plural=null, $number=null) {
if (!isset($plural)) {
return _($text);
}
return ngettext($text, $plural, $number);
}
Example usage:
// Singular
echo __('Hello world');
// Plural
$exp = 3;
printf(
__(
'Your account will expire in %d day',
'Your account will expire in %d days',
$exp
),
$exp
);
This will work for all languages, not only languages where plural is anything where n != 1 - this includes languages with multiple plural types.
You can also add translator notes like this:
/** NOTE: The name Coconut Hotel is a brand name and shouldn't be
translated.
*/
echo __('Welcome to Coconut Hotel');
You can change the text from NOTE to whatever you want, but you will have to alter it in the shell script below. Important: The translators note must be part of a comment on the line immediately preceding the __() function or it won't be picked up when we scan the PHP files for translatable strings.
// Warning! THIS WILL NOT WORK!
/* NOTE: This translator's note will not be picked up because it is
not immediately preceding the __() function. */
printf(
__(
'Your account will expire in %d day',
'Your account will expire in %d days',
$exp
),
$exp
);
// Warning! THIS WILL NOT WORK!
After you are ready to send the strings off to the translators, save the following as a shell script (e.g. update.sh) in your application's root directory:
#!/bin/sh
find . -iname "*.php" | xargs xgettext --add-comments=NOTE --keyword=__:1,2 --keyword=__ --from-code=UTF-8 -o i18n.pot
find . -name '*.po' | xargs -I{} msgmerge -U {} i18n.pot
To execute it, just do:
cd /path/to/script && sh update.sh
This will recursively scan for all PHP files in that directory and create a .pot file (I called it i18n.pot, but feel free to name it whatever you like) and update any existing .po files it finds with the new strings.
We then need to create the directories that all the locale files will be stored, one for each locale. They need to be of the format ./locale/{locale}/LC_MESSAGES. For example:
cd /path/to/your/project
mkdir -p ./locale/en_US.UTF-8/LC_MESSAGES
mkdir -p ./locale/es_MX.UTF-8/LC_MESSAGES
# ...etc.
You need to decide on a text domain to use. This can be anything you want, but the script will look for a file called {yourTextDomain}.mo within the LC_MESSAGES folder for that language. Put the following in your PHP script:
define('TEXT_DOMAIN', 'yourdomain');
bindtextdomain(TEXT_DOMAIN, __DIR__.'/locale');
textdomain(TEXT_DOMAIN);
bind_textdomain_codeset(TEXT_DOMAIN, 'UTF-8');
Then to actually switch to another locale, do:
$lang = 'es_MX.UTF-8'; // Change this to the language you want to use
if (setlocale(LC_ALL, $lang) === false) {
throw new Exception("Server error: The $lang locale is not installed. Please update the server's localisations.");
}
putenv('LC_ALL='.$lang);
Initially, you send the .pot file generated by the script above to the translators. They then open Poedit and click on File > New from POT/PO file. When they save it, they need to save it as {yourTextDomain}.po. The {yourTextDomain} needs to be exactly the same as the text domain you have in your PHP script. When they save it, it will automatically create both the .po file and the .mo file. Both of these need to be saved in that language's LC_MESSAGES directory when they are done translating.
Now when you update the strings in your PHP file, just re-execute the shell script and send the newly updated .po files to the translators. They then translate the strings and both the .po and .mo files need to be re-uploaded.
That's it. It may seem slightly difficult to get set up, but once you have it up and running, it's really easy.
Gettext seems to be what you need.
There is a file by langage (except for the original one) and it's very easy to use :
echo _('Bonjour, ça va ?');
will print Hello , how are you ? in english.
There is some tools with gettext that could scan your php file and search for translatable string (in fact all string in _() or gettext()). Thanks to that you don't have to worry about the different langage file. You just code your website in the original langage and the langage file will automatically created later.
Nevertheless gettext is more a translation tools whereas intl is really an i18n one (number formating for example)
Althought you don't need a framework you can use a framework. The internationalization features in Zend Framework is pretty good and you can just use that part of it instead of using all the parts (including MVC)