I know that similar questions were already asked, but i could not find any information for my specific "problem".
What i want to do is the following in a very dynamic way, which means that a "SuperUser" should be able to define new routes in a admin interface:
If a user enters http://www.example.com/nice-url/
he should get redirected to http://www.example.com/category.php?id=123 without changing the url.
Now there are a few ways i can achieve this. Either i use .htaccess like this:
RewriteEngine on
RewriteRule ^nice-url category.php?id=123 [L]
This works, but is not very dynamic. I would need to let a php script append new rules at the bottom which is not something i would like to do.
Or this:
.htaccess
FallbackResource /process.php
process.php
$path = ltrim($_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'], '/');
$elements = explode('/', $path);
if(count($elements) == 0) {
header("Location: http://www.example.com");
exit;
}
$sql = sprintf("SELECT Target FROM urlrewrites WHERE Source = '%s' LIMIT 1", array_shift($elements));
$result = execQuery($sql);
$row = mysqli_fetch_array($result, MYSQLI_ASSOC);
$target = $row['Target'];
header("Location: ".$target);
exit;
This also works, but sadly the url in the address bar gets changed. Is there a way in the middle of both? Having the flexibilty of PHP and the "silentness" of RewriteEngine? How do great CMS like joomla do it? Do they generate a htaccess file for each new page you create?
Thanks!
You can have this code in root .htaccess:
RewriteEngine on
# If the request is not for a valid directory
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
# If the request is not for a valid file
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ category.php?uri=$1 [L,QSA]
PS: Note this will route /nice-url to /category.php?uri=nice-url. Then inside category.php you can dip into your database and translate $_GET['uri'] to id.
It would be more dynamic if you use regular expressions. That's how it works in CMS systems like Joomla. Good idea is to install Joomla with 'nice' URLs on and look over .htacces file to get to know how does it work.
You can start here:
http://www.elated.com/articles/mod-rewrite-tutorial-for-absolute-beginners/
Related
In Node we can get an url address with a structure like this /example/:page/:id and we can take the page and id params. Is there a possibility to do something similar using PHP? Or is it only possible using the "?" with all the wanted params after the interrogation point?
I searched for a while and I tried some configurations in the htaccess file. All of them gave some kind of error like 403, 404 or in one of the configurations the intentioned page was loaded but it didn't find the css, js and images files.
Thanks
Edit:
I will put the solution I found here because maybe it can be useful for someone someday. After looking for some routers packages, I saw them instructing to put these lines in the htaccess file:
RewriteCond %{SCRIPT_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{SCRIPT_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php [L,QSA]
I've tried something like this before and it was the one that I mentioned in the question that loaded the page but it didn't find the files like css, js, etc.
So I've decide to check the base url and I saw this was the point where the error was coming. After I changed it, the page loaded as the expected and now it's possible to get the value where the users can put a number and redirect to the page that they want (it's something like a magazine).
You can achieve it many ways.
In Laravel (see Documentation). I think every framework now has routing implemented.
Route::get('example/{page}/{id}', function ($page, $id) {
//
})->where(['page' => '[0-9]+', 'id' => '[a-z]+']);
With Mod-rewrite and then with access through $_GET parameters.
RewriteEngine on
RewriteRule ^example/([A-Za-z0-9-]+)/([A-Za-z0-9-]+)/?$ index.php?page=$1&id=$2 [NC]
You can also redirect everything to index.php and there implement your own router. See: Redirect all to index.php using htaccess
RewriteEngine on
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /index.php?path=$1 [NC,L,QSA]
Something like this could work
$uri = parse_url($_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'], PHP_URL_PATH);
$uri = explode( '/', $uri );
// all of our endpoints start with /person
// everything else results in a 404 Not Found
if ($uri[1] !== 'page') {
header("HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found");
exit();
}
For more reference visit this url
https://developer.okta.com/blog/2019/03/08/simple-rest-api-php
have you tried parse_url()?
it will return and associative array which has all the components in your URL
I have this specific problem where I have to check URL if its part is 8 chars long hash code that is saved in my database or its just normal URL where you want to navigate.
For example if i write url :
- www.example.com/A4s8Gga3
i want to process it with my script in php file
And if i write url :
-www.example.com/my-books
-www.example.com/about
i want to navigate on those pages.
I know i have to use htaccess (so much I managed myself) and so far it looks like this :
#part1
Options +FollowSymLinks
RewriteEngine On
RewriteBase /
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (\/\w+)$ [NC]
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ mobile_redirect.php [L]
#part2
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (/|\.htm|\.php|\.html|/[^.]*)$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule (.*) index.php
My mobile_redirect.php looks like this:
ob_start();
require_once('connect.php');
$request = $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'];
$request_hotovy = str_replace('/', '', $request);
$request_hotovy = mysql_real_escape_string($request_hotovy);
$select = "SELECT HASH_ID,OFFER FROM kasko_send_form WHERE MOBILE_HASH_ID = '".$request_hotovy."'";
$query = mysql_query($select);
if(mysql_num_rows($query) > 0){
// request is mobile hash id
$result = mysql_fetch_array($query);
$hash_id = $result['HASH_ID'];
header("Location: some_link?def=".$hash_id);
} else {
// request is normal url
header("Location: ".$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'].$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']);
}
I know that it will end up redirecting in loop. I tried to put part1 after part2 and still have the same problem. I am using joomla and it have many urls (which im not able to write down) that are not real directories or files that is why i cant just use in my php file this solution :
ob_start();
require_once('connect.php');
$request = $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'];
$request_hotovy = str_replace('/', '', $request);
$request_hotovy = mysql_real_escape_string($request_hotovy);
$select = "SELECT HASH_ID,OFFER FROM kasko_send_form WHERE MOBILE_HASH_ID = '".$request_hotovy."'";
$query = mysql_query($select);
if(mysql_num_rows($query) > 0){
// request is mobile hash id
$result = mysql_fetch_array($query);
$hash_id = $result['HASH_ID'];
header("Location: some_link?def=".$hash_id);
} else {
// request is normal url
header("Location: page_not_found.php");
}
Because there is clearly more url processing done in joomla after it ends reading my htaccess (i dont know much about joomla either).
Can you guys give me a hint how to process the url (then maybe alter it so it wont end up in loop and then alter it again after the part1 back to normal so it can continue processing as it would normally)?
Also if you guys have any good tutorials where I could learn such things it would be really helpfull, because i understand only basics of regex and how htaccess works ...
If you use Joomla for most of your URLs exact the one that should have this eight character string there is a simple solution for this.
Just use the regular Joomla .htaccess file and add two lines before RewriteBase /
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/[A-Za-z0-9]{8}$
RewriteRule .* mobile_redirect.php [L]
But the Problem here is that if you have regular URLs in Joomla with 8 character than they would be redirected es well e.g. http://example.com/lastnews
So for this URL's you have to add a exception, and the hole thing would lock like this:
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/latesnews$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/youandme$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/[A-Za-z0-9]{8}$
RewriteRule .* mobile_redirectt.php [L]
There is no way to redirect back to Joomla with the same URL if your script do not find a record in your DB. Either your script is handling the URL or Joomla dose it. So you have to provide a 404, or find a way to include the index.php file from Joomla in your script.
Normally, the practice or very old way of displaying some profile page is like this:
www.domain.com/profile.php?u=12345
where u=12345 is the user id.
In recent years, I found some website with very nice urls like:
www.domain.com/profile/12345
How do I do this in PHP?
Just as a wild guess, is it something to do with the .htaccess file? Can you give me more tips or some sample code on how to write the .htaccess file?
According to this article, you want a mod_rewrite (placed in an .htaccess file) rule that looks something like this:
RewriteEngine on
RewriteRule ^/news/([0-9]+)\.html /news.php?news_id=$1
And this maps requests from
/news.php?news_id=63
to
/news/63.html
Another possibility is doing it with forcetype, which forces anything down a particular path to use php to eval the content. So, in your .htaccess file, put the following:
<Files news>
ForceType application/x-httpd-php
</Files>
And then the index.php can take action based on the $_SERVER['PATH_INFO'] variable:
<?php
echo $_SERVER['PATH_INFO'];
// outputs '/63.html'
?>
I recently used the following in an application that is working well for my needs.
.htaccess
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
# enable rewrite engine
RewriteEngine On
# if requested url does not exist pass it as path info to index.php
RewriteRule ^$ index.php?/ [QSA,L]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule (.*) index.php?/$1 [QSA,L]
</IfModule>
index.php
foreach (explode ("/", $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']) as $part)
{
// Figure out what you want to do with the URL parts.
}
I try to explain this problem step by step in following example.
0) Question
I try to ask you like this :
i want to open page like facebook profile www.facebook.com/kaila.piyush
it get id from url and parse it to profile.php file and return featch data from database and show user to his profile
normally when we develope any website its link look like
www.website.com/profile.php?id=username
example.com/weblog/index.php?y=2000&m=11&d=23&id=5678
now we update with new style not rewrite we use www.website.com/username or example.com/weblog/2000/11/23/5678 as permalink
http://example.com/profile/userid (get a profile by the ID)
http://example.com/profile/username (get a profile by the username)
http://example.com/myprofile (get the profile of the currently logged-in user)
1) .htaccess
Create a .htaccess file in the root folder or update the existing one :
Options +FollowSymLinks
# Turn on the RewriteEngine
RewriteEngine On
# Rules
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /index.php
What does that do ?
If the request is for a real directory or file (one that exists on the server), index.php isn't served, else every url is redirected to index.php.
2) index.php
Now, we want to know what action to trigger, so we need to read the URL :
In index.php :
// index.php
// This is necessary when index.php is not in the root folder, but in some subfolder...
// We compare $requestURL and $scriptName to remove the inappropriate values
$requestURI = explode(‘/’, $_SERVER[‘REQUEST_URI’]);
$scriptName = explode(‘/’,$_SERVER[‘SCRIPT_NAME’]);
for ($i= 0; $i < sizeof($scriptName); $i++)
{
if ($requestURI[$i] == $scriptName[$i])
{
unset($requestURI[$i]);
}
}
$command = array_values($requestURI);
With the url http://example.com/profile/19837, $command would contain :
$command = array(
[0] => 'profile',
[1] => 19837,
[2] => ,
)
Now, we have to dispatch the URLs. We add this in the index.php :
// index.php
require_once("profile.php"); // We need this file
switch($command[0])
{
case ‘profile’ :
// We run the profile function from the profile.php file.
profile($command([1]);
break;
case ‘myprofile’ :
// We run the myProfile function from the profile.php file.
myProfile();
break;
default:
// Wrong page ! You could also redirect to your custom 404 page.
echo "404 Error : wrong page.";
break;
}
2) profile.php
Now in the profile.php file, we should have something like this :
// profile.php
function profile($chars)
{
// We check if $chars is an Integer (ie. an ID) or a String (ie. a potential username)
if (is_int($chars)) {
$id = $chars;
// Do the SQL to get the $user from his ID
// ........
} else {
$username = mysqli_real_escape_string($char);
// Do the SQL to get the $user from his username
// ...........
}
// Render your view with the $user variable
// .........
}
function myProfile()
{
// Get the currently logged-in user ID from the session :
$id = ....
// Run the above function :
profile($id);
}
Simple way to do this. Try this code. Put code in your htaccess file:
Options +FollowSymLinks
RewriteEngine on
RewriteRule profile/(.*)/ profile.php?u=$1
RewriteRule profile/(.*) profile.php?u=$1
It will create this type pretty URL:
http://www.domain.com/profile/12345/
For more htaccess Pretty URL:http://www.webconfs.com/url-rewriting-tool.php
It's actually not PHP, it's apache using mod_rewrite. What happens is the person requests the link, www.example.com/profile/12345 and then apache chops it up using a rewrite rule making it look like this, www.example.com/profile.php?u=12345, to the server. You can find more here: Rewrite Guide
ModRewrite is not the only answer. You could also use Options +MultiViews in .htaccess and then check $_SERVER REQUEST_URI to find everything that is in URL.
There are lots of different ways to do this. One way is to use the RewriteRule techniques mentioned earlier to mask query string values.
One of the ways I really like is if you use the front controller pattern, you can also use urls like http://yoursite.com/index.php/path/to/your/page/here and parse the value of $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'].
You can easily extract the /path/to/your/page/here bit with the following bit of code:
$route = substr($_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'], strlen($_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME']));
From there, you can parse it however you please, but for pete's sake make sure you sanitise it ;)
It looks like you are talking about a RESTful webservice.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representational_State_Transfer
The .htaccess file does rewrite all URIs to point to one controller, but that is more detailed then you want to get at this point. You may want to look at Recess
It's a RESTful framework all in PHP
I'm trying to write an .htaccess file that will make my URLs more attractive to search engines. I know basically how to do this, but I'm wondering how I could do this dynamically.
My URL generally looks like:
view.php?mode=prod&id=1234
What I'd like to do is take the id from the url, do a database query, then put the title returned from the DB into the url. something like:
/products/This-is-the-product-title
I know that some people have accomplished this with phpbb forum URLs and topics, and i've tried to track the code down to where it replaces the actual URL with the new title string URL, but no luck.
I know I can rewrite the URL with just the id like:
RewriteRule ^view\.php?mode=prod&id=([0-9]+) /products/$1/
Is there a way in PHP to overwrite the URL displayed?
At the moment you're wondering how to convert your ugly URL (e.g. /view.php?mode=prod&id=1234) into a pretty URL (e.g. /products/product-title). Start looking at this the other way around.
What you want is someone typing /products/product-title to actually take them to the page that can be accessed by /view.php?mode=prod&id=1234.
i.e. your rule could be as follows:
RewriteRule ^products/([A-Za-z0-9-])/?$ /view.php?mode=prod&title=$1
Then in view.php do a lookup based on the title to find the id. Then carry on as normal.
One way to do it, would be just like most mvc frameworks. You can redirect all your pages to the same index.php file, and you use your script to determine which page to load.
.htaccess
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule . index.php [L]
</IfModule>
and your php file will have a script like this one:
// get the url
$uri = (isset($_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']))?$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']: false;
$query = (isset($_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']))?$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']: '';
$url = str_replace($query,'',$uri); // you can edit this part to do something with the query
$arr = explode('/',$url);
array_shift($arr);
// get the correct page to display
$controller =!empty($arr[0])?$arr[0]:'home'; // $arr[0] could be product/
$action = isset($arr[1]) && !empty($arr[1])?$arr[1]:'index'; // $arr[1] can be product-title
}
of course you will have to work this code to fashion your application
I hope this helps
One way would be to output a Location: header to force a redirect to the chosen URL.
Normally, the practice or very old way of displaying some profile page is like this:
www.domain.com/profile.php?u=12345
where u=12345 is the user id.
In recent years, I found some website with very nice urls like:
www.domain.com/profile/12345
How do I do this in PHP?
Just as a wild guess, is it something to do with the .htaccess file? Can you give me more tips or some sample code on how to write the .htaccess file?
According to this article, you want a mod_rewrite (placed in an .htaccess file) rule that looks something like this:
RewriteEngine on
RewriteRule ^/news/([0-9]+)\.html /news.php?news_id=$1
And this maps requests from
/news.php?news_id=63
to
/news/63.html
Another possibility is doing it with forcetype, which forces anything down a particular path to use php to eval the content. So, in your .htaccess file, put the following:
<Files news>
ForceType application/x-httpd-php
</Files>
And then the index.php can take action based on the $_SERVER['PATH_INFO'] variable:
<?php
echo $_SERVER['PATH_INFO'];
// outputs '/63.html'
?>
I recently used the following in an application that is working well for my needs.
.htaccess
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
# enable rewrite engine
RewriteEngine On
# if requested url does not exist pass it as path info to index.php
RewriteRule ^$ index.php?/ [QSA,L]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule (.*) index.php?/$1 [QSA,L]
</IfModule>
index.php
foreach (explode ("/", $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']) as $part)
{
// Figure out what you want to do with the URL parts.
}
I try to explain this problem step by step in following example.
0) Question
I try to ask you like this :
i want to open page like facebook profile www.facebook.com/kaila.piyush
it get id from url and parse it to profile.php file and return featch data from database and show user to his profile
normally when we develope any website its link look like
www.website.com/profile.php?id=username
example.com/weblog/index.php?y=2000&m=11&d=23&id=5678
now we update with new style not rewrite we use www.website.com/username or example.com/weblog/2000/11/23/5678 as permalink
http://example.com/profile/userid (get a profile by the ID)
http://example.com/profile/username (get a profile by the username)
http://example.com/myprofile (get the profile of the currently logged-in user)
1) .htaccess
Create a .htaccess file in the root folder or update the existing one :
Options +FollowSymLinks
# Turn on the RewriteEngine
RewriteEngine On
# Rules
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /index.php
What does that do ?
If the request is for a real directory or file (one that exists on the server), index.php isn't served, else every url is redirected to index.php.
2) index.php
Now, we want to know what action to trigger, so we need to read the URL :
In index.php :
// index.php
// This is necessary when index.php is not in the root folder, but in some subfolder...
// We compare $requestURL and $scriptName to remove the inappropriate values
$requestURI = explode(‘/’, $_SERVER[‘REQUEST_URI’]);
$scriptName = explode(‘/’,$_SERVER[‘SCRIPT_NAME’]);
for ($i= 0; $i < sizeof($scriptName); $i++)
{
if ($requestURI[$i] == $scriptName[$i])
{
unset($requestURI[$i]);
}
}
$command = array_values($requestURI);
With the url http://example.com/profile/19837, $command would contain :
$command = array(
[0] => 'profile',
[1] => 19837,
[2] => ,
)
Now, we have to dispatch the URLs. We add this in the index.php :
// index.php
require_once("profile.php"); // We need this file
switch($command[0])
{
case ‘profile’ :
// We run the profile function from the profile.php file.
profile($command([1]);
break;
case ‘myprofile’ :
// We run the myProfile function from the profile.php file.
myProfile();
break;
default:
// Wrong page ! You could also redirect to your custom 404 page.
echo "404 Error : wrong page.";
break;
}
2) profile.php
Now in the profile.php file, we should have something like this :
// profile.php
function profile($chars)
{
// We check if $chars is an Integer (ie. an ID) or a String (ie. a potential username)
if (is_int($chars)) {
$id = $chars;
// Do the SQL to get the $user from his ID
// ........
} else {
$username = mysqli_real_escape_string($char);
// Do the SQL to get the $user from his username
// ...........
}
// Render your view with the $user variable
// .........
}
function myProfile()
{
// Get the currently logged-in user ID from the session :
$id = ....
// Run the above function :
profile($id);
}
Simple way to do this. Try this code. Put code in your htaccess file:
Options +FollowSymLinks
RewriteEngine on
RewriteRule profile/(.*)/ profile.php?u=$1
RewriteRule profile/(.*) profile.php?u=$1
It will create this type pretty URL:
http://www.domain.com/profile/12345/
For more htaccess Pretty URL:http://www.webconfs.com/url-rewriting-tool.php
It's actually not PHP, it's apache using mod_rewrite. What happens is the person requests the link, www.example.com/profile/12345 and then apache chops it up using a rewrite rule making it look like this, www.example.com/profile.php?u=12345, to the server. You can find more here: Rewrite Guide
ModRewrite is not the only answer. You could also use Options +MultiViews in .htaccess and then check $_SERVER REQUEST_URI to find everything that is in URL.
There are lots of different ways to do this. One way is to use the RewriteRule techniques mentioned earlier to mask query string values.
One of the ways I really like is if you use the front controller pattern, you can also use urls like http://yoursite.com/index.php/path/to/your/page/here and parse the value of $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'].
You can easily extract the /path/to/your/page/here bit with the following bit of code:
$route = substr($_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'], strlen($_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME']));
From there, you can parse it however you please, but for pete's sake make sure you sanitise it ;)
It looks like you are talking about a RESTful webservice.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representational_State_Transfer
The .htaccess file does rewrite all URIs to point to one controller, but that is more detailed then you want to get at this point. You may want to look at Recess
It's a RESTful framework all in PHP