i'm watching a tutorials about CMS with OOP - PHP & RainTPL
on control page : (articles.php)
<?php
require_once('globals.php');
require_once(CONTROLLERS.'ArticlesController.php');
$articlesmodel = new ArticlesModel() ;
$catsmodel = new ArticlesCatsModel();
$controller = new ArticlesController($articlesmodel,$catsmodel);
$controller->show();
?>
globals.php:
<?php
error_reporting(E_ALL);
ini_set('display_errors', 1);
define('ROOT',dirname(__FILE__));
define('INC',ROOT.'/includes/');
define('CORE',INC.'/core/');
define('MODELS',INC.'/models/');
define('CONTROLLERS',INC.'/controllers/');
define('LIBS',INC.'/libs/');
/*
core files
*/
require_once(CORE.'config.php');
require_once(CORE.'mysql.class.php');
require_once(CORE.'raintpl.class.php');
require_once(CORE.'system.php');
System::Store('db',new mysql());
System::Store('tpl',new RainTPL()); //class RainTPL
?>
ArticlesController.php
<?php
error_reporting(E_ALL);
ini_set('display_errors', 1);
require_once(MODELS.'ArticlesModel.php');
require_once(MODELS.'ArticlesCatsModel.php');
class ArticlesController
{
private $articlesModel; //Articles Model Object
private $articlesCatsModel; //Articles Cat Model Object
//object of ArticlesModel class
public function __construct(ArticlesModel $articlesmodel,ArticlesCatsModel $catsmodel)
{
$this->articlesModel = $articlesmodel ;
$this->articlesCatsModel = $catsmodel ;
}
public function Show()
{
// array of articles from model :D
/*
he takes object from Articlesmodel.php
like private articles model
then he call the Get function
from ArticlesModel Class
*/
$articles = $this->articlesModel->Get();
$cats = $this->articlesCatsModel->Get();
//put them inside the template after getting them
System::Get('tpl')->assign('articles',$articles) ;
System::Get('tpl')->assign('cats',$cats) ;
// show them in the templatee
System::Get('tpl')->draw('blog');
}
}
Blog Where articles should be shown
but there's no problem in Blog
the problem is that $articles = $this->articlesModel->Get(); returns blank array doesn't contain the information from DB
The ArticlesCatsModel
ArticlesCatsModel includes/model
The ArticleModel
ِArticlesModel
3: http://pastebin.com/z2dzcBVc it returns blank array even there are rows in DB
This is Template i should see the articles that i get from DB
but the result is No Articles
to check where exactly the problem
i typed
in Articles.Controller.php
$articles = $this->articlesModel->Get();
var_dump($articles).'<br/>';
$cats = $this->articlesCatsModel->Get();
print_r($cats);
and if you noticed in the picture it success when i call $cats but i return blank array of $articles
Try to replace
SELETE * FROM
with
SELECT * FROM
in your Get() method in ArticlesModel.php file.
Related
Here is my controller:
class CommonController extends CI_Controller {
public function __construct() {
parent::__construct();
$this->load->model('common_model'); //load your model my model is "common model"
}
public function add_work(){
$names = $_POST['name'];
$works = $_POST['work'];
$allValues = array(); // array to contains inserted rows
foreach($names as $key => $name){
$name= "your specified name";
$insertdata = array();
$insertdata['work'] = $works[$key];
$insertdata['name'] = $name;
$this->common_model->insert($insertdata);
array_push($allValues,$insertdata);
//$insert = mysql_query("INSERT INTO work(name,work) values ( '$name','$work')");
}
foreach($allValues as $insertRow){
echo $insertRow['work'];
echo $insertRow['name'];//this shows data well. but how to pass data in view.php
}
//view code will add here to show data in browser
}
Basically I want to pass all data to view.php for printing or exporting purpose. How can I do so.
To load a view you should do like this.
$this->load->view("filename");
If you want to pass data to view, you should do like this.
$this->load->view("filename",$data);
$data should have all parameters which you want to print in view.
The syntax goes like this.
$this->load->view("filename","data to view","Returning views as data(true / false");
If third parameter is true, view will come as data. It will not go to browser as output.
Edit:
Change
$this->load->view('print_view',$insertdata);
to
$data['insertdata'] = $insertdata;
$this->load->view('print_view',$data);
For more info, check this link
How CI Classes Pass Information and Control to Each Other
Calling Views
We will see.how the controller calls a view and passes data to it:
First it creates an array of data ($data) to pass to the view; then it loads and calls the view in the same expression:
$this->load->view('testview', $data);
You can call libraries, models, plug-ins, or helpers from within any controller, and models and libraries can also call each other as well as plug-ins and helpers.
However, you can't call one controller from another, or call a controller from a
model or library. There are only two ways that a model or a library can refer back to a controller:
Firstly, it can return data. If the controller assigns a value like this:
$foo = $this->mymodel->myfunction();
and the function is set to return a value, then that value will be passed to the variable $foo inside the controller.
//sample
public function display()
{
$data['text_to_display'] = $this->text_to_display;
$data['text_color'] = $this->text_color;
$this->load->view('display_view',$data);
}
Adding Dynamic Data to the View
Data is passed from the controller to the view by way of an array or an object in the second parameter of the view
loading method. Here is an example using an array:
$data = array(
’title’ => ’some’,
’heading’ => ’another some’,
’message’ => ’and another some’
);
$this->load->view(’view’, $data);
And here’s an example using an object:
$data = new Someclass();
$this->load->view(’view’, $data);
Sending Multiple Dimensional array
if we pull data from your database it will typically be
in the form of a multi-dimensional array.
<?php
class foo extends CI_Controller {
public function index()
{
$data[’Books’] = array(’POEAA’, ’TDD’, ’Clean C’);
$data[’title’] = "Title";
$data[’heading’] = "Heading";
$this->load->view(’view’, $data);
}
}
in view
<html>
<head>
<title><?php echo $title;?></title>
</head>
<body>
<h1><?php echo $heading;?></h1>
<h3>My Books List</h3>
<ul>
<?php foreach ($Books as $item):?>
<li><?php echo $item;?></li>
<?php endforeach;?>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
More Learning
NOTE:
There is a third optional parameter lets you change the behavior of the method so that it returns data as a string rather
than sending it to your browser.The default behavior is false, which sends it to your browser. Remember to
assign it to a variable if you want the data returned:
$string = $this->load->view(’view’, ’’, TRUE);
Above will not solve your problem directly but definetly help in understanding concepts.
I have my main (user visible) file which displays posts, and I need to set-up pagination.
It would be easy if I fetch DB in the same file (but I want to avoid that), that is why I created a seperate (user hidden) file which contains class' which are then called from main file(blog.php):
BLOG.php(simplified):
<?php
require 'core.php';
$posts_b = new Posts_b();
$posts_bx = $posts_b->fetchPosts_b();
foreach($posts_hx as $posts_hy){
echo $posts_hy['title'];
}
?>
core.php(simplified);
class Posts_b extends Core {
public function fetchPosts_b(){
$this->query ("SELECT posts_id, title FROM posts");
//return
return $this->rows();
}
}
This works like a charm, but now I need to do the count within query, which works fine, and which gives me a variable $pages=5 (handled inside class posts_b - in file core.php),
core.php(simplified-with variable);
class Posts_b extends Core {
public function fetchPosts_b(){
$this->query ("SELECT posts_id, title FROM posts");
$pages=5;
//return
return $this->rows();
}
}
Now I need a way to return this variable value to blog.php (the way I return rows())
Please help, anyone,
Thank you...
A function can only have a single return value.
There are ways to get around this though. You can make your return value be an array that contains all of the values you want. For example:
return array("pages"=>$pages, "rows"=>$this->rows());
Then in your code
require 'core.php';
$posts_b = new Posts_b();
$posts_bx = $posts_b->fetchPosts_b();
$pages = $posts_bx["pages"];
foreach($posts_hx["rows"] as $posts_hy){
echo $posts_hy['title'];
}
?>
Or you can adjust a input parameter provided it was supplied as a reference
public function fetchPosts_b(&$numRows){
$this->query ("SELECT posts_id, title FROM posts");
//return
return $this->rows();
}
In your code
require 'core.php';
$posts_b = new Posts_b();
$pages = 0;
$posts_bx = $posts_b->fetchPosts_b(&$pages);
foreach($posts_hx["rows"] as $posts_hy){
echo $posts_hy['title'];
}
?>
Or you can opt to figure out your pagination outside of the fetchPosts_b method.
$posts_bx = $posts_b->fetchPosts_b();
$pages = floor(count($posts_bx)/50);
I would like to send a php variable to a class that runs a mysql query. It is a typical search via html form. I have to use Smarty.
How can I pass the variable "$minta" to the sql query and how to get the result array back to the php to display?
The Smarty tpl file is OK (lista_keres.tpl with the ingatlank variable).
Thank you in advance.
Tuwanbi
The php:
if (isset($_POST['keresoszo'])){
include_once "classes/ingatlan.class.php";
include_once "classes/main.class.php";
include_once "classes/felhasznalo.class.php";
$ingatlan = new Ingatlan();
$felhasznalo = new Felhasznalo();
$minta = $_POST['keresoszo'];
$kereses = new Main();
$kereses->getKeresIngatlan($minta);
$smarty->assign("kapcsolattartok", $ingatlan->getKapcsolattartok());
$smarty->assign("ingatlank", $main->getKeresIngatlan());
$smarty->assign("include_file", lista_keres);
echo $minta;
}
The class:
<?php
class Main{
private $keresoszo;
...
public function getKeresIngatlan($minta){
$this->keresoszo=$minta;
$ret = array();
$sql="SELECT id FROM table WHERE id LIKE '% ".$keresoszo." %'";
$ret = $this->db->GetArray($sql);
return $ret;
}
}
?>
Declaring private $keresoszo; it becomes the class object and can be accessible by
$this->keresoszo in you sql query you have assigned the value to this object but haven't used it
<?php
class Main{
private $keresoszo;
...
public function getKeresIngatlan($minta){
$this->keresoszo=$minta;
$ret = array();
$sql="SELECT id FROM table WHERE id LIKE '% ".$this->keresoszo." %'";
$ret = $this->db->GetArray($sql);
return $ret;
}
}
?>
Here is what how you can get back the results
$kereses = new Main();
$results_set=$kereses->getKeresIngatlan($minta);
var_dump($results_set);// for testing only
$smarty->assign("my_results_set", $results_set);
Following this tutorial http://johnsquibb.com/tutorials/mvc-framework-in-1-hour-part-one Im trying to write my first MVC Blog.
I understood how it works, router.php Calls the suitable page controller. This controller calls the model, Then calls the View page with the returned value.
My question is, What if I want to add to the same news.php page a header\footer. Normally I would write "include("header.php"). But now when using MVC, how could I implement that?
These are my files:
router.php:
<?php
/**
* This controller routes all incoming requests to the appropriate controller
*/
//Automatically includes files containing classes that are called
//fetch the passed request
$pageURL = $_SERVER["SERVER_NAME"].$_SERVER["REQUEST_URI"];
$path_parts = pathinfo($pageURL);
$page_name = $path_parts['filename'];
$parsed = explode('?' , $page_name);
//the page is the first element
$page = array_shift($parsed);
// If there is any variables, GET them.
if(!empty($parsed))
{
$parsed = explode('&' , $parsed[0]);
$getVars = array();
foreach ($parsed as $argument)
{
//explode GET vars along '=' symbol to separate variable, values
list($variable , $value) = explode('=' , $argument);
$getVars[$variable] = urldecode($value);
}
}
//compute the path to the suitable file
$target ='controllers/' . $page . '_controller.php';
//get target controller
if (file_exists($target))
{
include_once($target);
//modify page to fit naming convention
$class = ucfirst($page) . '_Controller';
//instantiate the appropriate class
if (class_exists($class))
{
$controller = new $class;
}
else
{
//did we name our class correctly?
die('class does not exist!');
}
}
else
{
//can't find the file in 'controllers'!
die('page does not exist!');
}
//once we have the controller instantiated, execute the default function
//pass any GET varaibles to the main method
$controller->main($getVars);
// AutoLoad
function __autoload($className)
{
// Parse out filename where class should be located
// This supports names like 'Example_Model' as well as 'Example_Two_Model'
list($suffix, $filename) = preg_split('/_/', strrev($className), 2);
$filename = strrev($filename);
$suffix = strrev($suffix);
//select the folder where class should be located based on suffix
switch (strtolower($suffix))
{
case 'model':
$folder = '/models/';
$filename = ($className);
break;
case 'library':
$folder = '/libraries/';
break;
case 'driver':
$folder = '/libraries/drivers/';
break;
}
//compose file name
$file = SERVER_ROOT . $folder . strtolower($filename) . '.php';
//fetch file
if (file_exists($file))
{
//get file
include_once($file);
}
else
{
//file does not exist!
die("File '$filename' containing class '$className' not found in
'$folder'.");
}
}
?>
post_controller.php
<?php
/**
* This file handles the retrieval and serving of posts posts
*/
class Posts_Controller
{
/**
* This template variable will hold the 'view' portion of our MVC for this
* controller
*/
public $template = 'posts';
/**
* This is the default function that will be called by router.php
*
* #param array $getVars the GET variables posted to index.php
*/
public function main(array $getVars)
{
//$b_controller =new Bottom_Bar_Controller;
//$b_controller->main($getVars);
$postsModel = new Posts_Model;
//get an post
$post = $postsModel->get_post($getVars['id']);
//create a new view and pass it our template
$header = new View_Model('header_template');
$bottom_bar = new View_Model('bottom_bar');
$view = new View_Model($this->template);
//assign post data to view
$view->assign('header', $header->render(FALSE));
$view->assign('bottom', $bottom_bar->render(FALSE));
$view->assign('title' , $post['title']);
$view->assign('content' , $post['content']);
$view->assign('date' , $post['date']);
$view->assign('by' , $post['added_by']);
$view->render();
}
}
posts_model.php
<?php
/**
* The Posts Model does the back-end heavy lifting for the Posts Controller
*/
class Posts_Model
{
/**
* Holds instance of database connection
*/
private $db;
public function __construct()
{
$this->db = new MysqlImproved_Driver;
}
/**
* Fetches article based on supplied name
*
* #param string $author
*
* #return array $article
*/
public function get_post($id)
{
//connect to database
$this->db->connect();
//sanitize data
$author = $this->db->escape($id);
//prepare query
$this->db->prepare
(
"
SELECT * FROM `posts`
WHERE
`id` = '$id'
LIMIT 1
;
"
);
//execute query
$this->db->query();
$article = $this->db->fetch('array');
return $article;
}
}
?>
view_model.php
<?php
/**
* Handles the view functionality of our MVC framework
*/
class View_Model
{
/**
* Holds variables assigned to template
*/
private $data = array();
/**
* Holds render status of view.
*/
private $render = FALSE;
/**
* Accept a template to load
*/
public function __construct($template)
{
//compose file name
$file = SERVER_ROOT . '/views/' . strtolower($template) . '.php';
if (file_exists($file))
{
/**
* trigger render to include file when this model is destroyed
* if we render it now, we wouldn't be able to assign variables
* to the view!
*/
$this->render = $file;
}
}
/**
* Receives assignments from controller and stores in local data array
*
* #param $variable
* #param $value
*/
public function assign($variable , $value)
{
$this->data[$variable] = $value;
}
/**
* Render the output directly to the page, or optionally, return the
* generated output to caller.
*
* #param $direct_output Set to any non-TRUE value to have the
* output returned rather than displayed directly.
*/
public function render($direct_output = TRUE)
{
// Turn output buffering on, capturing all output
if ($direct_output !== TRUE)
{
ob_start();
}
// Parse data variables into local variables
$data = $this->data;
// Get template
include($this->render);
// Get the contents of the buffer and return it
if ($direct_output !== TRUE)
{
return ob_get_clean();
}
}
public function __destruct()
{
}
}
posts.php
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<link href="../style/style.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" />
<title> Posts (View)</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="main">
<div class="container">
<?=$data['header'];?>
<div id="content">
<div class="content-background">
<h2> <?=$data['title'];?></h2>
<h4> <?=$data['date'];?> </h4>
<p><?=$data['content'];?></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Part of the problem is, that your tutorial has a pretty primitive interpretation of MVC-inspired design pattern (you actually cannot implement classical MVC in PHP, but there are patterns, that are based on it).
View is not just a template. Views are supposed to be class instances, which contain all presentation logic and deal with multiple templates. What you actually have there is a layout template which contains posts template.
// class \Application\View\Posts
public function render()
{
$layout = new Template( $this->defaultTemplateDirectory . 'layout.html');
$content = new Template( $this->defaultTemplateDirectory . 'posts.html' );
$layout->assign( 'content' , $content->render() );
return $layout->render();
}
Also, one of the things, that a view instance should do, is requesting information from the model layer.
Few materials that you might find useful:
Model-View-Confusion part 1: Why the model is accessed by the view in MVC
Simple PHP Template Engine
How should a model be structured in MVC?
And if you want to expand you knowledge in OOP, this post contains a list of recommended lectures and books.
There is no good solution in the MVC structure for that. You can find a solution in every framework. In CakePHP for example you can use an AppController, a controller which is always called for every requests. Sort of base controller.
But no, not very nice to do.
Most simple one is to ask the data directly from the view. That sounds weird but it is accepted in the MVC structure. So in your view you call $News->getLatestItems(10); and work with them.
I don't like it but it works.
If you have lots of widgets and blocks MVC alone might just not be the right structure. Then you could take a look at things like: http://techportal.inviqa.com/2010/02/22/scaling-web-applications-with-hmvc/ which is a derivate of MVC.
Another solution which you see more and more: Request it via AJAX calls. So just load them after the page has loaded. That way you also solve the issue since one MVC request then becomes multiple MVC requests.
I am using Kohana 3.2 and I am having problems calling the ouput of a controller in another controller.
What I want...
In some pages I have got a menu, and in others I don't. I want to use make use of the flexability of the HMVC request system. In the controller of a page I want to call another controller which is responsible for the creation of the menu.
What I have a the moment:
file menu.php:
<?php defined('SYSPATH') or die('No direct script access.');
class Controller_Menu extends Controller
{
private $_model = null;
public function __construct(Request $request, Response $response)
{
parent::__construct($request, $response);
$this->_model = Model::factory('menu');
}
public function action_getMenu()
{
$content = array();
$content['menuItems'] = $this->_model->getMenuItems();
// Render and output.
$this->request->response = View::factory('blocks/menu', $content);
//echo '<pre>'; print_r($this->request->response->render()); echo '</pre>'; die();
}
}
somepage.php
public function action_index()
{
$this->template->title = 'someTitle';;
$contentData['pageTitle'] = 'someTitle';
$contentData['contentData'] = 'someData';
#include the menu
$menuBlock = Request::factory('menu/getMenu')->execute();
$menuData = array('menu' => $menuBlock);
$this->template->menu = View::factory('pages/menu')->set('menu',$menuData);
$this->template->content = View::factory('pages/somePage', $contentData);
$view = $this->response->body($this->template);
$this->response->body($view);
}
If I uncomment the following line in menu.php, I see the menu rendered:
//echo '<pre>'; print_r($this->request->response->render()); echo '</pre>'; die();
So I guess that part is alright. The problem is in the following line in somepage.php:
$menuBlock = Request::factory('menu/getMenu')->execute();
This gives me back a response object. Whatever I do, I do not get the output in $this->template->menu.
$this->template->menu = View::factory('pages/menu')->set('menu',$menuData);
What must I do to have $this->template->menu contain the view, so I can use it correctly?
I hope this all makes sense. This is the way I would like to do it, but maybe I am completely on the wrong track.
I would do it this way:
class Controller_Menu extends Controller
{
public function action_build()
{
// Load the menu view.
$view = View::factory('navigation/menu');
// Return view as response-
$this->response->body($view->render());
}
}
In your controller get the menu as follows:
// Make request and get response body.
$menu = Request::factory('menu/build')->execute()->body();
// e.g. assign menu to template sidebar.
$this->template->sidebar = Request:.factory('menu/build')->execute()->body();
I would not use the __construct method in your controllers. Use before() instead, this is sufficient for most of the problems (for example auth):
public function before()
{
// Call aprent before, must be done here.
parent::before();
// e.g. heck whether user is logged in.
if ( !Auth::instance()->logged_in() )
{
//Redirect if not logged in or something like this.
}
}
I found the answer to my problem in less than an hour after asking.
I just forgot to put it here.
In somePage.php change :
$menuBlock = Request::factory('menu/getMenu')->execute();
$menuData = array('menu' => $menuBlock);
$this->template->menu = View::factory('pages/menu')->set('menu',$menuData);
To:
$this->template->menu = Request::factory('menu/getMenuBlock')->execute()->body();
And in menu.php change:
$this->request->response = View::factory('blocks/menu', $content);
To:
$request = View::factory('blocks/menu', $content);
$this->response->body($request);
I hope this will help someone else.