I just can't get my head around Relationships in Eloquent. Just when I think I've got it, I stumble.
Like here, I want to list out the country field for each Headquarters_Pay_Data item.
Models;
<?php
namespace Datamate;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Headquarters_Pay_Data extends Model
{
//
protected $table = 'headquarters_pay_data';
public function postcode()
{
return $this->hasOne('Datamate\Postcode_Quarter', 'postcode', 'Vendor ZIP');
}
}
And this one;
<?php
namespace Datamate;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Datamate\Country;
class Postcode_Quarter extends Model
{
public $table = '201502_postcode';
protected $fillable = ['country'];
}
My controller;
public function index()
{
//
$headquarters_pay_data = Headquarters_Pay_Data::limit(12)->get();
foreach ($headquarters_pay_data as $key => $value) {
//print $value->postcode->country; //this returns an error. Trying to get property of non-object
print "<br><br>";
print $value->getAttribute('Vendor ZIP');
print "<br><br>";
print $value->postcode; //this is JSON?! Why?
print "<br><br>";
}
Example print out of what looks like JSON even though I haven't asked for JSON;
RH108PJ
{"postcode":"RH108PJ","county":"E10000032","district":"","ward":"","health":"E18000008","gor":"J","parlc":"E14000652","locauth":"E07000226","wardcode":"E05007639","country":"E92000001","gor_new":"E12000008","pct":"E16000108"}
To clarify... How do I just print out the country for each payment?
The postcode field, due to your eloquent relationship method, is an instance of another model (Postcode_Quarter) on the Headquarters_Pay_Data model. So $value->postcode returns that model (as a PHP object). Your turning that model to a string (by printing it) makes it try to convert itself to the best possible format for use as a string, which is a JSON string.
However, you can access the properties of that model, and because you want the country you can do the following:
public function index()
{
$headquarters_pay_data = Headquarters_Pay_Data::with('postcode')->limit(12)->get();
foreach ($headquarters_pay_data as $key => $value) {
print $value->postcode->country;
}
}
You'll notice that in this example we also use with() in order to 'eager load' the postcode relationship. This, generally, makes your queries more efficient, especially in the case where you have a lot of the Headquarters_Pay_Data models, and not very many Postcode_Quarter models, but it is not required to have this work.
Please read the documentation for more information on eager loading.
Related
In my Laravel project I have two Eloquent Models Set and Card, they have one to many relationship between them. Set has many Cards and Cards belong to Set.
I'm trying to pull the data using Eloquent Eager Loading using the with() function. But for some reason the cards array inside sets is returning as blank [].
Set.php
<?php
namespace App;
use App\Card;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Set extends Model
{
protected $table = "sets";
public function cards() {
return $this->hasMany('App\Card');
}
}
Card.php
<?php
namespace App;
use App\Set;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Card extends Model
{
protected $table = "cards";
public function sets() {
return $this->belongsTo('App\Set');
}
}
Controller code
$sets = Set::with([
'cards' => function($query){
$query->select('name', 'description');
},
])->get();
return $sets;
name and description are the fields that I have in Cards table except of the primary key and foreign key.
It returns with "cards": [] in my JSON array of sets.
I have tried using below code in controller,
$sets = Set::with('cards.*')->get();
return $sets;
Did not work.
Tried adding the foreign key (set_id which is in the Cards table) in the hasMany method in my Set model that creates relationship with Cards table. But of no result.
To be mentioned, when I tried pulling the data from Cards table separately from my CardController, it returned all Cards data.
Some clue would mean great help. Thank you for your time.
Try this code in your controller,
$sets = Set::with('cards')->get();
return $sets;
Let me know if it works
Try something like this:
public function sets() {
return $this->belongsTo('App\Set','id','id_set');
}
the second parameter "id" is the id of table Set, and the third parameter "id_set" is the foreing key in the Card Table.
I'm obviously missing something. I thought I was comfortable around laravel relationships...
I've 2 tables, named ratings and ratingdetails. The models are named Rating & Ratingdetail:
<?php
namespace App;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Rating extends Model
{
public function ratingdetails()
{
return $this->hasMany('App\Ratingdetail');
}
public function campaigns()
{
return $this->hasMany('App\Campaign');
}
}
and
<?php
namespace App;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Spatie\Translatable\HasTranslations;
class Ratingdetail extends Model
{
use HasTranslations;
public $translatable = ['value'];
public function rating()
{
return $this->belongsTo('App\Rating');
}
}
When I try to access to my Rating model it works fine, but I can't access the relationships; the output is the following, despite there should be 4 Ratingdetails rows...:
{"id":1,"description":"fontawesome","created_at":null,"updated_at":null,"deleted_at":null}
Thank you all for your time !
$rating = Rating::find($request->rating_id);
return $rating->toJson();
In the above line of code, you're never accessing the ratingdetails relationship. They are not included by default, and need to be loaded before being available:
$rating = Rating::with(["ratingdetails"])->find($request->rating_id);
return $rating->toJson();
Including it via with() will "Eager load" the relationship and expose it to be accessed via
console.log(rating.ratingdetails);
// Will contain an array of 4 objects
Before converting to json, you'd be able to access $rating->ratingdetails, but once converted, you lose access unless you have previously loaded the relationship.
Actually I can't answer for this question without having the Models' $fillable attributes, or without DB Tables structures. But I think your tables have following columns:
"raitings" -> "id", "description", "created_at", "updated_at", "deleted_at"
"raitingdetails" -> "id", "raiting_id", "value", ...
In normal way, you need to create OneToMany relation for that 2 tables with foreign key. So in your "raitingdetails" migration you need to have something like this:
$table->unsignedBigInteger('raiting_id')->nullable();
$table->foreign('raiting_id')->references('id')->on('raitings')->onUpdate('cascade')->onDelete('cascade');
Your models are correct, but it not just cool now.. You can improve them by adding $fillable columns and FKs of relations (Note: if you're using traditional foreign key concept, like "partents.id"->"childs.partent_id", then you can leave this part too).
For getting all Rating details of 1 Rating, you can do this:
$rating = Rating::find($rating_id);
$rating_details_of_one = $rating->ratingdetails()->get()->toJson();
If you want to have Rating Details for all actions, you can add Accessor in your Rating model and attach that to $appends like this:
protected $appends = [ 'rating_details' ]; public function
public function getRatingDetailsAttribute() {
return $this->ratingdetails;
}
And in logic parts you can access like this:
$ratings = Rating::find($rating_id); // this will get with their "ratingdetails" relation
Or you can attach accessor on the fly without protected $appends and getRatingDetailsAttribute() function like this:
$rating = Rating::find($rating_id);
$rating_details_of_one = $rating->setAppends([ 'rating_details' ])->get()->toJSON();
If you want to have some Ratings with their details, you can use something like this:
$rating_details_of_many = Rating::where('description', 'fontawesome')->with('ratingdetails')->get()->toJson();
I have three relational table attached below.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1q1kdURIwFXxHb2MgdRyBkE1e3DMug7r-/view?usp=sharing
I have also three separate models where defined relation among all of my table's.I can read the City Model's information from Country model using hasManyThrough() relation But cannot read the Country information from City model. I have tried to retrieve City model's using ``hasManyThrough``` but didn't get result (attached as commented country method ). Please read my model and it's relational method here..
Is there someone to help me for getting City model's information using Eloquent method hasManyThrough / hasManyThrough or using inverse of hasManyThrough / hasManyThrough ?
01.
<?php
namespace App\Hrm;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\SoftDeletes;
class Country extends Model
{
//use SoftDeletes;
protected $fillable = ['name','description','status'];
public function districts(){
return $this->hasMany(District::class);
}
public function cities(){
return $this->hasManyThrough(City::class,District::class);
}
}
02.
<?php
namespace App\Hrm;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\SoftDeletes;
class District extends Model
{
//use SoftDeletes;
protected $fillable = ['country_id','name','description','status'];
public function country(){
return $this->belongsTo(Country::class);
}
public function cities(){
return $this->hasMany(City::class);
}
}
3.
namespace App\Hrm;
use App\User;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\SoftDeletes;
class City extends Model
{
//use SoftDeletes;
protected $fillable = ['district_id','name','description','status'];
public function district(){
return $this->belongsTo(District::class);
}
// public function country(){
// return $this->hasOneThrough(Country::class, District::class);
// }
Doesn't look like there is a native way to define the inverse of a "hasManyThrough" relationship yet in Laravel. There have been a few issues opened on github to request it, but they were closed.
You could use the staudenmeir/belongs-to-through package if you don't mind installing a third-party package for this functionality. Then you should be able to define a belongsToThrough relationship like this:
class City extends Model
{
use \Znck\Eloquent\Traits\BelongsToThrough;
public function country() {
return $this->belongsToThrough(Country::class, District::class);
}
}
Why can't use parent method?
$city = City::find(1);
$country = $city->district->country();
i just had a similar situation i was able to accomplish a belongsToThrough with hasOneThrough
public function country()
{
return $this->hasOneThrough(
Country::class, // model we are trying to get
District::class, // model we have an _id to
'id', // WHERE `district`.`id` = `city`.`district_id`
'id', // `countries`.`id`
'district_id', // local column relation to our through class
'country_id' // `district`.`country_id`
);
}
what this should generate is
SELECT * FROM `countries`
INNER JOIN `districts`
ON `districts`.`country_id` = `countries`.`id`
WHERE `districts`.`id` = ?
-- ? == city.district_id
Database structure:
City:
id: increments
district_id: integer
...
Country:
id: increments
...
District:
id: increments
country_id: integer
...
we can then do $city->country
note: i have not fully tested this but with the testing that i have done it 'works'
Edit: i originally thought that i needed to leave the localKey
parameter null otherwise the relation wont work. it turns out i didnt
fully understand what that column was doing and that was wrong. That
key is the local column that relates to our through column (unless i
still have more to learn/figure out), when left the value as null, it
would use the local id column which a. is the wrong value, b. can also
be out of range (which is how i discovered it was using the wrong
value)
in my testing i only had two rows, both with the same relations. what
i didnt realize though was that on the "through table" both row 1 and
2 and the same related (relation where are trying to reach) so i didnt
notice the issue right away. hopefully now its all working
I have a table called payments which contains a field called Vendor ZIP.
I have a table called 201502_postcodes and my "join" in this case is the postcode field in this table.
How do I return field values in this 201502_postcodes table using Eloquent?
My Models are;
<?php namespace App\Models;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Payment extends Model {
public function postcodeExtract()
{
return $this->belongsTo('App\Models\PostcodeExtract', 'postcode', 'Vendor ZIP');
}
_
<?php namespace App\Models;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class PostcodeExtract extends Model {
protected $connection = 'postcodes';
public function scopeFromTable($query, $tableName)
{
return $query->from($tableName);
}
public function payment()
{
return $this->hasMany('App\Models\Payment', 'Vendor ZIP', 'postcode');
}
So, I have a scope on this model because the 201502 part of my table name is a variable (in that, a new one comes in every quarter).
In my controller... I have no idea what to put. I don't know how to get both scope and relationship to work. How can I write a query that will take a postcode/zip and output one of the fields from the (do I refer to them as "methods"?) postcode extract table?
It is not a duplicate of this question Laravel 4: Dynamic table names using setTable() because relationships are not involved or discussed on that question.
--- UPDATE ---
If I am to use getTable - would it go something like this...
class PostcodeExtract {
public function setTableByDate($selected_tablename)
{
$this->table = $selected_tablename;
// Return $this for method chaining
return $this;
}
public function getTable()
{
if (isset($this->table))
$this->setTableByDate($this->table);
return $this->table;
}
}
And then I would use it in my controller like;
$selected_tablename = 201502_postcode //created by some other controller
$postcode_extract = new PostcodeExtract;
$data = $postcode_extract->setTableByDate($selected_tablename)->get()->toArray();
The Carbon stuff isn't really relevant. I have a lookup to get those tablenames the fact the prefix with a date like value shouldn't mean it's treated like a date.
There are a couple of things going on here.
scopeFromTable() is redundant
Laravel employs magic methods to handle calls to undefined methods. Calling from() on the model will actually call from() on the models internal Query object (assuming you didn't define a method called 'from' on the model itself). It's worth reading the __call and __callStatic methods on the Model class.
relationships use getTable()
Another aspect of the Laravel is the concept of convention over configuration. This basically means that the framework assumes some things so that you don't have to define every detail. In regards to table naming convention, it will naturally use a table name derived from the class name.
// Uses table 'foos'
class Foo {}
There are a few ways to change this behavior. First, you can define a 'table' data member like this.
class Foo {
protected $table = 'bars';
}
If you need a more dynamic behavior, then you can redefine the getTable method.
class Foo {
public function getTable()
{
// return your special table name based on today's date
}
}
Ultimately the models and their relationships refer to getTable to figure out what the table names should be.
your use cases
If you only ever need to query the current table, then I would suggest redefining getTable.
If you need to query both current and past tables, then I suggest pairing a new method along side redefining getTable
class Foo {
public function setTableByDate(\DateTime $date)
{
$this->table = // generate table name from $date
// Return $this for method chaining
return $this;
}
public function getTable()
{
if (isset($this->table))
$this->setTableByDate(\Carbon\Carbon::now());
return $this->table;
}
}
With this in place, you don't have to worry about the table name in your controller or anywhere else unless you need to query past records.
setting the table by date per user
$foos = Foo::setTableByDate($user->some_date)->where(...)->get();
My ultimate goal is to print the contents of a table in a database to a table in HTML using Laravel's ORM.
Beyond that I know how to configure the database file, but is there any other things i need to configure.
From my understanding I need three files. Do i need to make a controller? If so how does that work?
Item Class
Route.php
views.php
Here is what I have so far
Item.php
<?php namespace App;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Item extends Model {
protected $table = 'items';
protected $primaryKey = 'item_id';
public function products()
{
return $this->belongsTo('item_id', 'item_name', 'item_cost');
}
}
routes.php
<?php
Route::get('Product', function()
{
$products = \App\items::all();
return view('Items', $items);
});
and I have no idea how to create a view in HTML.
I know I'm completely off at this point, but I've read the documentation and I am still completely lost when they reference things like URI and have URL in the same sentence without defining or even linking to it elsewhere in the documentation.
Actually, you have declared your Eloquent ORM like this:
class Item extends Model {
// ...
}
But you are using that model/class like this:
$products = \App\items::all();
In this case, \App\items doesn't exist, it should be:
$items = \App\Item::all(); // <-- Item not items
return view('items', $items); // <-- $items not $products
You asked: Do i need to make a controller?
In this case, no, it'll work fine with the anonymous function but using a Controller is better for many reasons.
Update:
Create a view in resources/views as items.blade.php and you can print out the items through a foreach loop. Check the documentation.