PHP - HTML Entities/Special Chars Confusion - php

I'm working with a database and comparing values to strings to then create new records. I've encountered an issue with a comparison with a database value that is stored in a $type variable - the offending value is:
<recordID>
In my PHP script I do a test to see if the database value = "":
if ($type == '<recordID>') {
// create new records etc
}
however I've just noticed this test is failing, and I'm assuming it's the "<" and ">" characters that is the issue. If I echo the $type variable I get this in the browser source view:
<contactID>
I can see the issue relates to htmlentities and html special chars but I haven't been able to work out the function to use to be able to get this comparison above to work.

You can use builtin for it
<?php
echo htmlspecialchars_decode($type);
?>

Related

How to prevent PHP variables and expressions from expanding in string

The following text link works fine when I place it directly in my html:
Click here to <?php echo $showOrHideText; ?> the suggested sequence of lessons.
But I want to replace it with:
<?php echo $gradeNote; ?>
Elsewhere $gradeNote is assigned a string based on the grade of the student user. My question after many hours of searching and failing is how can I pass this snippet as a literal string, without PHP attempting to parse it and giving me a junk url? What am I doing wrong here:
$gradeNote = "Click here to <?php echo $showOrHideText; ?> the suggested sequence of lessons.";
You're running <?php and ?> tags inside of a PHP variable. As you're already dealing with PHP, these are unnecessary.
Although the quotation marks "" allow you to echo out evaluated variables, because you're also running a condition in this 'string', you'll want to extrapolate that out and simply store the result as a variable. I've called mine $show.
As such, you're simply looking for:
if($slcustom29 == 0) {
$show = 1;
}
else {
$show = 0;
}
$gradeNote = "Click here to $showOrHideText the suggested sequence of lessons.";
Remember to either escape the double-quotes in the <a href="">, or swap them for single-quotes.
This can be seen working here.
Hope this helps!
Try something like this.
$s = ($slcustom29 == 0) ? 1 : 0;
$gradeNote = "Click here to {$showOrHideText} the suggested sequence of lessons.";
Any string with double quotes "" can have a variable embedded, the {} are not necessary, but i always use them for cases like this where you are trying to embed a variable with no spaces around it, "$xabc" which will return a different result "{$x}ab"
the probelm is that you are trying to put php logic into the string. Notice you have an IF command within the string literal. start with a small or empty string, and concat onto it piece by piece, as opposed to doing it in one line.
then you can echo out the single variable link

PHP, convert $_GET elements to HTML entities

Edit: I think %27 is actually the wrong kind of quote. I am still stuck though, I cannot find a PHP function that does the conversion I want.
Edit (again): I found a solution where I stick %26rsquo%3bs into the URL and it turns into ’. It works so I posted it as an answer below but I'd still be interested in knowing how it'd be done with PHP functions.
I'm working on a website that uses a PHP tree as if it were a directory. For example, if someone types index.php?foo=visual programming (or index.php?foo=visual%20programming) then the website opens the item "Visual Programming" (I'm using strtolower()).
Another working example would be index.php?foo=visual programming&bar=animated path finder which opens "Animated Path Finder", a child of "Visual Programming".
The problem is that some of the items are named things like "Conway’s Game of Life" which uses a HTML entity. My guess of what someone should type to open this would be index.php?foo=visual%20programming&bar=conway%27s%20game%20of%20life. The problem is that ' is not === to ’.
What do I need to do to make this work? Here is my code that selects an item based on $_GET (the PHP is inside of <script type="text/javascript">):
<?php
function echoActiveDirectory($inTree) {
// Compare $_GET with PhpTree
$itemId = 0;
foreach ($_GET as $name) {
if ($inTree->children !== null) {
foreach ($inTree->children as $child) {
if (strtolower($child->title) === strtolower($name)) {
$itemId = $child->id;
$inTree = $child;
break;
}
}
}
}
// Set jsItems[$itemId].selected(), it will be 0 if nothing was found
echo "\t\tjsItems[".$itemId."].selected();\n";
}
echo "// Results of PHP echoActiveDirectory(\$root)\n";
echoActiveDirectory($root);
?>
The website is a work in progress, but it can be tested here to see $_GET working: http://alexsimes.com/index.php
The hex code %27 (39 decimal) will never translate to ’, since it is a completely different entity (Wikipedia). It could be translated to &apos;, but PHP doesn't do that (although I don't know the reason for that).
Edit
While there is no standard for URL-encoding multibyte character sets, PHP will treat a string as just a set of bytes, and if those match an UTF-8 sequence, it will work:
php -r 'echo htmlentities(urldecode("%E2%80%99"), ENT_QUOTES|ENT_HTML401);'
should output
’
You can use html_entity_encode() and html_entity_decode() PHP functions to convert those characters to html entities or decode them back to desired characters before comparison.
You can try the htmlentities function to convert special characters to corresponding html entity. But in your case if data is already stored in db as html entity form, the data from $_GET parameter must be first passed through htmlentities before using it in your query.

PHP code inside MYSQL table does not show

I am trying to convert a drupal installation into a front end driven by Code Igniter. This is an experimental project to check the performance boost I can get. But the biggest problem I am facing is that few fields in Drupal store php string as it is. For example
<?php print "A"; ?>
This is normal
Now I am able to see the text "This is normal" which comes from the query that I run in Code Igniter, but I don't see the php function which is saved inside the table. I can see the text when I view the record through phpmyadmin. But somehow not inside the CI query result.
I hope U've got the solution. But just in case if you haven't try this:
I created a table with two columns
//$result Contains the data fetched from the table using a model.
foreach ($result as $key=>$val) {
if($key == 'code') {
$val = str_replace('<?php','',$val); //Remove PHP's opening tag.
$val = str_replace('?>','',$val); //Remove PHP's closing tag.
$val = rtrim($val); //Remove leading and trailing spaces.
echo $key.': ';
eval($val.';'); //Execute the PHP code using eval.
} else {
echo $key.': '.$val.PHP_EOL;
}
}
I tried
echo $result['code']
print_r($result)
var_dump($result)
highlight_string($result['code'])
eval($result['code'])
and finally str_replace followed by eval($result['code']).
Check the screen shot of the result obtained from: here
There you can see that the Result produced by 1,2, and 5 are empty. But when you inspect element against the empty space It'll clearly show that the string that's echoed/print is commented out.
Screen-Shot. This is has nothing to do with codeigniter. Its done by HTML Parser.
So the solution is to remove the opening and closing tags of PHP and then use eval. I hope this helps.
Thanks for the help. Yes, the last resort was the eval function and that is the one which helped me attain which I was wanting it to do.
The data which was inside the database had PHP function and only eval function was able to treat that part as a PHP code and execute it when I was getting the data inside my view.

PHP halts output of data on apostrophe

I wrote a php script that pulls some data from a database and displays it in XML format. For some reason it halts output when it gets to an apostrophe in the data. This is a SELECT statement, and a simple one at that, so I don't understand why there are any issues with apostrophes or quotation marks. I've tried using addslashes() and mysql_real_escape_string(), even though my understanding is that those are for sanitizing data being inserted into the database, and it did not help. I'm stumped. Below is the code and thanks in advance for any advice!
<? if($result = $mysqli->query("SELECT * FROM ".$tbl)){
while($row = $result->fetch_object()){ ?>
<slide>
<id><?= $row->id ?></id>
<title><?= $row->title ?></title>
<chatter><?= $row->description ?></chatter>
<image><?= $row->path ?></image>
<link><?= $row->href ?></link>
<active><?= $row->active ?></active>
</slide>
<? }
}else{
echo $mysqli->error;
}
EDIT:
It turns out I have misunderstood the problem. They are not apostrophes but instead are right single quotes. If I change them to actual apostrophes the script works but I still don't understand why it doesn't simply output them though.
Try with str_replace("'", "\'", $field_to_be_replaced);
You can replace the ' char with a blank space if you prefer, just for testing.
Are you sure it halts on the output of the data, and not when the data is processed? Apostrophe's have special meaning in XML, so if they are included in your XML data you have to replace them with an entity reference. There are 5 predefined entity references in XML, for less than, greater than, ampersand, apostrophe, and one for quotation mark. Alternatively, you can mark the text as CDATA so that the XML parser doesn't try to parse it.
Try making your program output the XML data to a text file instead of to wherever it is going now. Does it still halt on the apostrophe? If not, then it's definitely because of a problem parsing the data. If your program still halts on the apostrophe even when outputting the data only to a text file, there may be a problem somewhere else in the program where that data is processed. Check all the references to the variable containing the data, and see if you can find the exact line the program breaks on.
the apostrophe (') is an invalid character for XML!
You must call $safe_string = str_replace("'","&apos;",$string) in all your fields before
outputting the .XML file.
Check here to learn about these characters and build a more complete str_replace
EDIT:
What im using:
// save ubercart products in XML
function replace_characters_for_xml($str) {
return str_replace(
array("&",">","<","'",'"'),
array("&",">","<","&apos;","""),$str
);
}
...
$row->title = replace_character_for_xml($row->title);
$row->href = replace_character_for_xml($row->href);
...

php replacing string error

I am trying to delete a string from a string, but the result of strstr is not finding the string. I will try to be as clear as I can here....
The problem is strpos() is not finding $deletTabHTML. I have alerted it in ajax and it is exactly the same as a line in the commonHTML, but obviously it isn't for some reason I cannot figure out. I am assuming I am missing something 'invisible'? My script works if I hardcode the html to be deleted, so the overall script works.
here is the php:
$commonHTML = file_get_contents($url);
if (!empty($_POST['action']) && $_POST['action'] == 'deleteTab') {
$deletTabHTML = trim($_POST['theHTM']);
if(strpos($commonHTML, $deletTabHTML) !== false) {
$is_deleted="deleted";
}else{
$is_deleted="NOT deleted, ERROR:".$deletTabHTML;
}
echo '{"is_deleted":"' . $is_deleted . '"}';
return;
}
MORE INFO:
jQuery is getting an element from the dom and sending it to a php script which is opening a file and deleting the element:
<li id="contact">Contact</li>
The data returned to ajax is:
<li id="contact">Contact</li>
but for some reason it is not finding it. Thos were copied and pasted from the actual file and a javascript alert. They look exactly the same.
I hope that is enough info.
strpos is case sensitive
Try
stripos()
Aside from attempting to make the text search case insensitive, you also might want to make sure that it contains no unicode characters by using utf8_decode() on it first.
Lastly, it couldn't hurt to do some sanity checks on $_POST['theHTM'] before attempting to use it. (It looks like it's missing an L at the end, but it's also worth using isset() to verify that it actually exists.)

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