Database Query Execution Takes Too Long - php

Question

Am currently having this issue where my database query takes too long to execute and sometimes ends up failing with an error: Maximum Execution Time Exceeded... Am trying to select data from different tables that aren't directly related to each other, i.e One table is related to a table which is related to another table and so on, Some of this tables have over a thousand records, I have a feeling the structure of the different tables contributes to this headache, but I haven't been able to figure out how to reduce this execution time. Am using a CodeIgniter model where i created a function with the following sql query:
/**
* Get payment history based on search term
* #param string $search
* #param int $limt => default is 10
* #return mixed
**/
public function get_search_history($usertin, $search, $limit, $offset){
$this->db->select("
rv.name AS 'Revenue Name',rv.code AS 'Rev. Code',
m.name AS 'MDA',m.sector AS 'Sector', b.code AS 'Bank Code',
b.name AS 'Bank',p.amount AS 'Amount',p.channel AS 'Payment Channel',
p.date AS 'Payment Date',p.platform AS 'Platform',p.ref AS 'Reference',
t.tin AS 'TIN',t.active AS 'Is Active?',r.ref AS 'Receipt Reference'
");
$this->db->from('revenue AS rv');
$this->db->join('mda AS m', 'm.id = rv.mda_id', 'inner');
$this->db->join('payment AS p', 'p.revenue_id = rv.id', 'inner');
$this->db->join('bank AS b', 'b.id = p.bank_id', 'inner');
$this->db->join('tin AS t', 't.id = p.tin_id', 'inner');
$this->db->join('receipt AS r', 'r.id = p.receipt', 'inner');
$this->db->where('t.tin', $usertin);
$this->db->like('rv.code', $search);
$this->db->or_like('rv.name', $search);
$this->db->or_like('m.name', $search);
$this->db->group_by('t.id');
$this->db->order_by('p.date', 'ASC');
$this->db->limit($limit, $offset);
$query = $this->db->get();
return ( ( $query->num_rows() > 0 ) ? $query->result_array() : 0 );
}
The query is supposed to retrieve a user's payment history based on a particular search term or keyword!
It's easier to see from the above query what I meant when I said "...One table is related to a table which is related to another table..." I Just can't figure out a better way of doing this. Can anyone help me out? It's given me serious headaches the past couple of days!
This is the output of the query:
SELECT rv.name AS 'Revenue Name', rv.code AS 'Rev. Code', m.name AS
'MDA', m.sector AS 'Sector', b.code AS 'Bank Code', b.name AS 'Bank',
p.amount AS 'Amount', p.channel AS 'Payment Channel', p.date AS 'Payment
Date', p.platform AS 'Platform', p.ref AS 'Reference', t.tin AS 'TIN',
t.active AS 'Is Active?', r.ref AS 'Receipt Reference'
FROM `revenue` AS `rv`
INNER JOIN `mda` AS `m` ON `m`.`id` = `rv`.`mda_id`
INNER JOIN `payment` AS `p` ON `p`.`revenue_id` = `rv`.`id`
INNER JOIN `bank` AS `b` ON `b`.`id` = `p`.`bank_id`
INNER JOIN `tin` AS `t` ON `t`.`id` = `p`.`tin_id`
INNER JOIN `receipt` AS `r` ON `r`.`id` = `p`.`receipt`
WHERE `t`.`tin` = '1904260529-0001'
AND `rv`.`code` LIKE '%With%' ESCAPE '!'
OR `rv`.`name` LIKE '%With%' ESCAPE '!'
OR `m`.`name` LIKE '%With%' ESCAPE '!'
GROUP BY `t`.`id`
ORDER BY `p`.`date` ASC
LIMIT 3, 20

Answer 1

If you have this much tables to join frequently, there are 2 possible ways I can suggest.
1. Use CodeIgniter's feature Query Caching
You just have to enable it from database.php and have to give it a folder path where all cached queries will lie.
Then you can create hook or something to delete and regenerate that cached queries on particular condition.
2. Create View in MySQL
You can create View in MySQL which will be much faster. It can be done easily right from PHPMyAdmin even.
Hope this helps.
p.s. Try indexing proper columns.
Simple thumb rule is As more conditions in WHERE clause, As lower query will be