So, I have a question regarding paths in links. Here's the problem: In my assignment all my links are broken (not all but half of them don't work).
html_start.php includes nav.php and start_html is included in /admin/index.php and so on.
public_html
html_start
nav
styles.css
admin
index.php
user
index.php
index.php
First I've tried using absolute path eg. a href = "/user/index.php" but the assistent warned me that it leads to homepage of my university not my index.php.
If I use relative links, half of them work do to the includes.
Sadly all of these work in my environment but not when it's uploaded to my school so I don't know how it will behave until I upload the assignment and I have only one attempt to correct it.
Now, i use include in almost every page - eg. include( __DIR__.'/app.cfg.php') and that apparently works.
So my question is can I do the same with links? I've read somewhere that it doesn't do the same thing.
Looks like you're working in "root" (localhost?), where absolute links are fine, but when the site gets set up at your school's server, then absolute links point to the school's domain instead of the subdirectory where your project is.
What you need is using <base> tag in combination with relative links. Note that it may mess up your css/js/images, so you'd need to update all paths to be relative (not starting with /). Here's an example:
<html>
<head>
<base href="http://example.com/"/>
[...]
link
The link above would point to http://example.com/dir/page.html. Basically, setting an URL in base tag sets what is the "root" of your website, and all relative links will respect it. You can store the value of base in your site's config and echo it in the template, so when your site is set up on another server you'd update the config file and all links/images/css/etc would work.
Related
I have a form handler which is written in PHP and resides in a different directory than the html files. When the handler runs, it needs to include one of the html files. The html files have relative hrefs in them, which break because the page was served from the PHP directory, not the html directory.
For example, index.html contains
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/site_global.css?4013920463"/>
These links are produced by Adobe Muse and expect that "css" is a subdirectory under the location of the html files and that the page was served from the html directory. Again, since I'm serving the page from the PHP directory, the relative links break.
Short of putting in absolute paths for the hrefs, is there any other technique I should consider? I really don't want to put in absolute paths because they will break for other reasons.
Ideally, I'd like to use some sort of method that allows me to set the "working path" in the browser - so that I can tell it to fetch hrefs from the right place.
Relative paths in a browser are computed based on the current page path (see here). If you are looking at http://foo.bar/one/page.html , the site_global.css path will be http://foo.bar/one/css/site_global.css .
If I understood your question, you can use the element to set a base URL for all the relative links in the page.
See here: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/base
try $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'], gives the path to your base directory with current working dir
or
try echo realpath(dirname(FILE));
I will have multiple folders/modules to access common files. But accessing them seems to be big deal for me!
I did gone through this link to understand the relative positioning and managed to solve some . But not all. Reference: Relative URL's/paths in php
My folder structure is as below:
Website runs on root folder:
/(index|ajax).php
and then the subfolders:
/css/style.css
/img/*.(jpg|png|gif)
/inc/(header|footer).php
/js/*.js
/registration/(ajax|getsubjects|response|success).php
Now, this is how I included files in the index.php page(this displays correctly, meaning, style,css,js,config all accessible)
<?php
include('inc/header.php');
?>
content here
<?php
include('inc/footer.php');
?>
This index page will have to fetch getsubjects.php, response.php and then finally land in success.php.
The success.php need some styling whereas the previous two were only for processing.
So now in the success.php I access header and footer as below:
include('../inc/header.php');
include('../inc/footer.php');
But this doesn't apply any styling!
inside header.php and footer I include files like this:
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./css/style.css">
<script src="./js/script.js"></script>
How should I include the files here please?
./css/style.css means from current directory and would achieve the same result as css/style.css. The easiest answer is to determine what the base path of your application is and use that. For instance, if your application is running as http://myapp.com, then you could set all your front-end paths to /css/style.css. If your app runs in a subdirectory, such as http://example.com/myapp, then your paths would be /myapp/css/style.css.
This does not apply the same on the PHP side. For them, you should really use document-relative paths. Having a PHP file that you include in multiple places in your app, the contents of which having something like include('../myDoc.php');, can lead to complications as the path isn't based on the included document's path, but rather the including. So using document-relative paths, you get around this include(__DIR__ . '/../myDoc.php');. Just something to consider if your app grows.
Your PHP-includes seem to be correct. But in your HTML you need to change the linking to the CSS and JS Files (maybe even to your images).
You could use absolute paths:
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/style.css">
<script src="/js/script.js"></script>
the leading dot makes your paths relative to the HTML-Document, so if they are linked from a document in a subfolder, they point to a wrong location.
Including files with
<?php
include("page1.php")
?>
put the code (or content) from page1 into the caller page.
So you may have to detect from where your pages are called, or try absolute links (beginning by /)
I hope I answer you question correctly.
I have header, menu and footer include files that maybe accessed from anywhere in a folder structure. To date everything that those file load I have given a full url simply because I can’t find any other reliable way to load them from anywhere in the folder structure. Whilst this works, it is far from ideal and totally useless when it comes to developing with XAMPP.
<?php include(__DIR__ . '/inc_menu.php');?>
This works perfectly when ‘including’ or ‘requiring’, can someone please explain how to make something similar work with <link>, <script>, < img> and <a>?
Use URLs relative to the root directory for the site. i.e. URLs that begin with a / character.
I have a php file that loads an article from a db based on the given variables. There is also an .htacces file in the root of the site. I used this in the htaccess to redirect
RewriteRule
^articles/([a-zA-Z0-9-_\s]+).html$
template/index.php?action=viewarticle&alias=$1
after redirecting, the page shows fine but the html in the page goes wrong, for example:
media/2011/02/21/logos.jpg turns in to articles/media/2011/02/21/logos.jpg
This happens because the htacces is redirecting. Is there anyway to do this redirect while keeping the root dir unchanged?
This happens coz the htacces is redirecting.
No, this happens because the browser thinks that
example.com/articles/my_article.html
is a resource in the /articles sub-directory, and treats all relative URLs as relative to /articles.
There is no way to change that behaviour.
You will need to start using absolute image references, or relative image references that consider the additional directory:
<img src="/media/2011/02/21/logos.jpg"> <------ recommended
<img src="../media/2011/02/21/logos.jpg">
you could also use <base> as suggested by #Boris but absolute paths (or full URLs) are a vastly cleaner solution to the problem in my opinion.
First, what do you mean by "html in the pages goes wrong":
Is it the link showed in the status bar?
Is it the actual href? If it is, you probably use some view helper which construct your "base url"
Maybe you "link" your resource without specifing an absolute path (using /), then your resource are "relatively" linked to current page (/articles/)
.htaccess don't change anything in your code.
There is an html element which allow you to define base url used everywhere in your page.
<base href="/root" />
if you have for example Article 12 then when clicking on the link, you will redirect to /root/articles/12
Also, mixing Pekka's answer with Boris', you should define somewhere in your application which is the root path of your application and output all paths as absolute, prepending the base dir you defined earlier.
for example: in config.inc.php
define("ROOT_URI", "http://myserver.com/myapp");
everywhere:
<img src="<?php echo ROOT_URI;?>/media/2011/02/21/logos.jpg
This is like using the base element as Boris suggested, without using it (I also dislike base), and makes your application able to work in whatever folder under the webserver it is stored.
I haven't found a clear answer to this question (but have determined the HTML tag is more trouble than it's worth.)
When you're working with multiple directories on a website, how do you make sure relative links to the rest of your site work as you change your current directory? I don't want my link to "/index.php" to actually link to "/support/index.php" when I go to the support directory.
We're using PHP, so I could use output buffering to change links, but I want to see if others have any good ideas. Could also implement it through Smarty in one way or another. I haven't built a website from scratch that has used multiple directories simply because I don't know of an easy way to deal with this, but the problem shouldn't be too difficult.
(Running on IIS, but obviously it would be better to let it work on any server.)
you could declare a base_url variable, or declare a constant containing your base url
e.g.
DEFINE('BASE_URL', 'http://example.com/');
when using links
e.g.
Home
You already have everything you need
how do you make sure relative links to the rest of your site work as you change your current directory?
we're using absolute links for that
I don't want my link to "/index.php" to actually link to "/support/index.php" when I go to the support directory.
Lucky you, it will never happen
/index.php is absolute path and will never point anywhere beside /index.php.
/ is not just for decoration. It the meaning of slash at the beginning of the path is "root directory". So, /index.php means index.php placed in the root directory.
/support/index.php means index.php placed in the support directory which is placed in the root
easy-peasy. just always use absolute path (not URL which is senseless)
I store a “base” URI in two locations: (i) on the PHP/Zend Framework server, my configuration.xml file holds conventional values such as URIs; (ii) on the client side a more shallow, hidden <form/> holds other (less security compromising) values such as a base URI.
The form, by the way, looks something like this:
<form id="AppSettings" action="#">
<input type="hidden" id="MyBaseUri" value="http://superuser.com"/>
</form>
Add <base href="http://www.domain.com/"> to your <head> tag. This will make all relative links start from the directory given as href. Then use relative links like support/index.php not beginning with/ (i.e. not /support/index.php)
Note: Make the <base> tag the first tag in your <head> section, as all links after that will be interpreted from that base dir. (e.g. <link href="relative/path"> will already use the base dir if it is defined above.
Advantage: you can move your whole page to a subdirectory like http://www.domain.com/page and only have to change the <base> tag. If you use links like /support/index.php they will always start from the root directory (i.e. http://www.domain.com/)
Dynamic base dir for url rewrites:
<?php
if (preg_match("/https/i",$_SERVER["SERVER_PROTOCOL"]))
$protocol = "https";
else
$protocol = "http";
echo '<base href="'.$protocol.'://'.$_SERVER["HTTP_HOST"].dirname($_SERVER["SCRIPT_NAME"]).'/">';
?>