Related
I’ve been trying to access this particular REST service from a PHP page I’ve created on our server. I narrowed the problem down to these two lines. So my PHP page looks like this:
<?php
$response = file_get_contents("https://maps.co.weber.ut.us/arcgis/rest/services/SDE_composite_locator/GeocodeServer/findAddressCandidates?Street=&SingleLine=3042+N+1050+W&outFields=*&outSR=102100&searchExtent=&f=json");
echo $response; ?>
The page dies on line 2 with the following errors:
Warning: file_get_contents(): SSL operation failed with code 1.
OpenSSL Error messages: error:14090086:SSL
routines:SSL3_GET_SERVER_CERTIFICATE:certificate verify failed in
...php on line 2
Warning: file_get_contents(): Failed to enable crypto in ...php on
line 2
Warning:
file_get_contents(https://maps.co.weber.ut.us/arcgis/rest/services/SDE_composite_locator/GeocodeServer/findAddressCandidates?Street=&SingleLine=3042+N+1050+W&outFields=*&outSR=102100&searchExtent=&f=json):
failed to open stream: operation failed in ...php on line 2
We’re using a Gentoo server. We recently upgraded to PHP version 5.6. It was after the upgrade when this problem appeared.
I found when I replace the REST service with an address like https://www.google.com; my page works just fine.
In an earlier attempt I set “verify_peer”=>false, and passed that in as an argument to file_get_contents, as described here: file_get_contents ignoring verify_peer=>false? But like the writer noted; it made no difference.
I’ve asked one of our server administrators if these lines in our php.ini file exist:
extension=php_openssl.dll
allow_url_fopen = On
He told me that since we’re on Gentoo, openssl is compiled when we build; and it’s not set in the php.ini file.
I also confirmed that allow_url_fopen is working. Due to the specialized nature of this problem; I’m not finding a lot of information for help. Have any of you come across something like this? Thanks.
This was an enormously helpful link to find:
http://php.net/manual/en/migration56.openssl.php
An official document describing the changes made to open ssl in PHP 5.6
From here I learned of one more parameter I should have set to false: "verify_peer_name"=>false
Note: This has very significant security implications. Disabling verification potentially permits a MITM attacker to use an invalid certificate to eavesdrop on the requests. While it may be useful to do this in local development, other approaches should be used in production.
So my working code looks like this:
<?php
$arrContextOptions=array(
"ssl"=>array(
"verify_peer"=>false,
"verify_peer_name"=>false,
),
);
$response = file_get_contents("https://maps.co.weber.ut.us/arcgis/rest/services/SDE_composite_locator/GeocodeServer/findAddressCandidates?Street=&SingleLine=3042+N+1050+W&outFields=*&outSR=102100&searchExtent=&f=json", false, stream_context_create($arrContextOptions));
echo $response; ?>
You shouldn't just turn off verification. Rather you should download a certificate bundle, perhaps the curl bundle will do?
Then you just need to put it on your web server, giving the user that runs php permission to read the file. Then this code should work for you:
$arrContextOptions= [
'ssl' => [
'cafile' => '/path/to/bundle/cacert.pem',
'verify_peer'=> true,
'verify_peer_name'=> true,
],
];
$response = file_get_contents(
'https://maps.co.weber.ut.us/arcgis/rest/services/SDE_composite_locator/GeocodeServer/findAddressCandidates?Street=&SingleLine=3042+N+1050+W&outFields=*&outSR=102100&searchExtent=&f=json',
false,
stream_context_create($arrContextOptions)
);
Hopefully, the root certificate of the site you are trying to access is in the curl bundle. If it isn't, this still won't work until you get the root certificate of the site and put it into your certificate file.
I fixed this by making sure that that OpenSSL was installed on my machine and then adding this to my php.ini:
openssl.cafile=/usr/local/etc/openssl/cert.pem
You can get around this problem by writing a custom function that uses curl, as in:
function file_get_contents_curl( $url ) {
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_AUTOREFERER, TRUE );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0 );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1 );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, TRUE );
$data = curl_exec( $ch );
curl_close( $ch );
return $data;
}
Then just use file_get_contents_curl instead of file_get_contents whenever you're calling a url that begins with https.
Working for me, I am using PHP 5.6. openssl extension should be enabled and while calling google map api verify_peer make false
Below code is working for me.
<?php
$arrContextOptions=array(
"ssl"=>array(
"verify_peer"=>false,
"verify_peer_name"=>false,
),
);
$url = "https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?latlng="
. $latitude
. ","
. $longitude
. "&sensor=false&key="
. Yii::$app->params['GOOGLE_API_KEY'];
$data = file_get_contents($url, false, stream_context_create($arrContextOptions));
echo $data;
?>
At first you need to have enabled curl extension in PHP. Then you can use this function:
function file_get_contents_ssl($url) {
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, false);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, true);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_REFERER, $url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, TRUE);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT, 3000); // 3 sec.
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 10000); // 10 sec.
$result = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
return $result;
}
It works similar to function file_get_contents(..).
Example:
echo file_get_contents_ssl("https://www.example.com/");
Output:
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Example Domain</title>
...
After falling victim to this problem on centOS after updating php to php5.6 I found a solution that worked for me.
Get the correct directory for your certs to be placed by default with this
php -r "print_r(openssl_get_cert_locations()['default_cert_file']);"
Then use this to get the cert and put it in the default location found from the code above
wget http://curl.haxx.se/ca/cacert.pem -O <default location>
You basically have to set the environment variable SSL_CERT_FILE to the path of the PEM file of the ssl-certificate downloaded from the following link : http://curl.haxx.se/ca/cacert.pem.
It took me a lot of time to figure this out.
If your PHP version is 5, try installing cURL by typing the following command in the terminal:
sudo apt-get install php5-curl
following below steps will fix this issue,
Download the CA Certificate from this link: https://curl.haxx.se/ca/cacert.pem
Find and open php.ini
Look for curl.cainfo and paste the absolute path where you have download the Certificate. curl.cainfo ="C:\wamp\htdocs\cert\cacert.pem"
Restart WAMP/XAMPP (apache server).
It works!
hope that helps !!
Just wanted to add to this since I ran into the same problem and nothing I could find anywhere would work (e.g downloading the cacert.pem file, setting cafile in php.ini etc.)
If you are using NGINX and your SSL certificate comes with an "intermediate certificate", you need to combine the intermediate cert file with your main "mydomain.com.crt" file and it should work. Apache has a setting specific for intermediate certs, but NGINX does not so it must be within same file as your regular cert.
Reason for this error is that PHP does not have a list of trusted certificate authorities.
PHP 5.6 and later try to load the CAs trusted by the system automatically. Issues with that can be fixed. See http://php.net/manual/en/migration56.openssl.php for more information.
PHP 5.5 and earlier are really hard to setup correctly since you manually have to specify the CA bundle in each request context, a thing you do not want to sprinkle around your code.
So I decided for my code that for PHP versions < 5.6, SSL verification simply gets disabled:
$req = new HTTP_Request2($url);
if (version_compare(PHP_VERSION, '5.6.0', '<')) {
//correct ssl validation on php 5.5 is a pain, so disable
$req->setConfig('ssl_verify_host', false);
$req->setConfig('ssl_verify_peer', false);
}
Had the same error with PHP 7 on XAMPP and OSX.
The above mentioned answer in https://stackoverflow.com/ is good, but it did not completely solve the problem for me. I had to provide the complete certificate chain to make file_get_contents() work again. That's how I did it:
Get root / intermediate certificate
First of all I had to figure out what's the root and the intermediate certificate.
The most convenient way is maybe an online cert-tool like the ssl-shopper
There I found three certificates, one server-certificate and two chain-certificates (one is the root, the other one apparantly the intermediate).
All I need to do is just search the internet for both of them. In my case, this is the root:
thawte DV SSL SHA256 CA
And it leads to his url thawte.com. So I just put this cert into a textfile and did the same for the intermediate. Done.
Get the host certificate
Next thing I had to to is to download my server cert. On Linux or OS X it can be done with openssl:
openssl s_client -showcerts -connect whatsyoururl.de:443 </dev/null 2>/dev/null|openssl x509 -outform PEM > /tmp/whatsyoururl.de.cert
Now bring them all together
Now just merge all of them into one file. (Maybe it's good to just put them into one folder, I just merged them into one file). You can do it like this:
cat /tmp/thawteRoot.crt > /tmp/chain.crt
cat /tmp/thawteIntermediate.crt >> /tmp/chain.crt
cat /tmp/tmp/whatsyoururl.de.cert >> /tmp/chain.crt
tell PHP where to find the chain
There is this handy function openssl_get_cert_locations() that'll tell you, where PHP is looking for cert files. And there is this parameter, that will tell file_get_contents() where to look for cert files. Maybe both ways will work. I preferred the parameter way. (Compared to the solution mentioned above).
So this is now my PHP-Code
$arrContextOptions=array(
"ssl"=>array(
"cafile" => "/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/share/openssl/certs/chain.pem",
"verify_peer"=> true,
"verify_peer_name"=> true,
),
);
$response = file_get_contents($myHttpsURL, 0, stream_context_create($arrContextOptions));
That's all. file_get_contents() is working again. Without CURL and hopefully without security flaws.
<?php
$stream_context = stream_context_create([
"ssl" => [
"verify_peer" => false,
"verify_peer_name" => false
]
]);
$response = file_get_contents("https://maps.co.weber.ut.us/arcgis/rest/services/SDE_composite_locator/GeocodeServer/findAddressCandidates?Street=&SingleLine=3042+N+1050+W&outFields=*&outSR=102100&searchExtent=&f=json", false, $stream_context);
echo $response;
?>
Just tested of PHP 7.2, it's working well.
EDIT: Also tested and working on PHP 7.1
Had the same ssl-problem on my developer machine (php 7, xampp on windows) with a self signed certificate trying to fopen a "https://localhost/..."-file. Obviously the root-certificate-assembly (cacert.pem) didn't work.
I just copied manually the code from the apache server.crt-File in the downloaded cacert.pem and did the openssl.cafile=path/to/cacert.pem entry in php.ini
Another thing to try is to re-install ca-certificates as detailed here.
# yum reinstall ca-certificates
...
# update-ca-trust force-enable
# update-ca-trust extract
And another thing to try is to explicitly allow the one site's certificate in question as described here (especially if the one site is your own server and you already have the .pem in reach).
# cp /your/site.pem /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/
# update-ca-trust extract
I was running into this exact SO error after upgrading to PHP 5.6 on CentOS 6 trying to access the server itself which has a cheapsslsecurity certificate which maybe it needed to be updated, but instead I installed a letsencrypt certificate and with these two steps above it did the trick. I don't know why the second step was necessary.
Useful Commands
View openssl version:
# openssl version
OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013
View PHP cli ssl current settings:
# php -i | grep ssl
openssl
Openssl default config => /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
openssl.cafile => no value => no value
openssl.capath => no value => no value
Regarding errors similar to
[11-May-2017 19:19:13 America/Chicago] PHP Warning: file_get_contents(): SSL operation failed with code 1. OpenSSL Error messages:
error:14090086:SSL routines:ssl3_get_server_certificate:certificate verify failed
Have you checked the permissions of the cert and directories referenced by openssl?
You can do this
var_dump(openssl_get_cert_locations());
To get something similar to this
array(8) {
["default_cert_file"]=>
string(21) "/usr/lib/ssl/cert.pem"
["default_cert_file_env"]=>
string(13) "SSL_CERT_FILE"
["default_cert_dir"]=>
string(18) "/usr/lib/ssl/certs"
["default_cert_dir_env"]=>
string(12) "SSL_CERT_DIR"
["default_private_dir"]=>
string(20) "/usr/lib/ssl/private"
["default_default_cert_area"]=>
string(12) "/usr/lib/ssl"
["ini_cafile"]=>
string(0) ""
["ini_capath"]=>
string(0) ""
}
This issue frustrated me for a while, until I realized that my "certs" folder had 700 permissions, when it should have had 755 permissions. Remember, this is not the folder for keys but certificates. I recommend reading this this link on ssl permissions.
Once I did
chmod 755 certs
The problem was fixed, at least for me anyway.
Fix for macos 12.4 / Mamp 6.6 / Homebrew 3.5.2 / Openssl#3
Terminal
Check version
openssl version -a
Mine was pointing to:
...
OPENSSLDIR: "/opt/homebrew/etc/openssl#3"
...
So I looked through homebrew's dir /opt/homebrew/etc/openssl#3 and found the cert.pem and made sure my Mamp's current version of php's php.ini file was pointing to homebrew's correct openssl version's cert.pem
add to php.ini
openssl.cafile=/opt/homebrew/etc/openssl#3/cert.pem
I had the same issue for another secure page when using wget or file_get_contents. A lot of research (including some of the responses on this question) resulted in a simple solution - installing Curl and PHP-Curl - If I've understood correctly, Curl has the Root CA for Comodo which resolved the issue
Install Curl and PHP-Curl addon, then restart Apache
sudo apt-get install curl
sudo apt-get install php-curl
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 reload
All now working.
For me, I was running XAMPP on a Windows 10 machine (localhost) and recently upgraded to PHP 8. I was trying to open a localhost HTTPS link via file_get_contents().
In my php.ini file, there was a line that read:
openssl.cafile="C:\Users\[USER]\xampp\apache\bin\curl-ca-bundle.crt"
This was the certificate bundle being used to validate "outside" URLs, and was a package from Mozilla as some people have discussed. I don't know if XAMPP came that way or if I set it up in the past.
At some point I had set up HTTPS on my localhost, resulting in another certificate bundle. This bundle needed to be used to validate "localhost" URLs. To remind myself where that bundle was, I opened httpd-ssl.conf and found the line that read:
SSLCertificateFile "conf/ssl.crt/server.crt"
(The complete path was C:\Users[USER]\xampp\apache\conf\ssl.crt\server.crt)
To make both localhost and outside URLs work simultaneously, I copied the contents of my localhost "server.crt" file into Mozilla's bundle "curl-ca-bundle.crt".
.
.
.
m7I1HrrW9zzRHM76JTymGoEVW/MSD2zuZYrJh6j5B+BimoxcSg==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
Localhost--I manually added this
================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDGDCCAgCgAwIBAgIQIH+mTLNOSKlD8KMZwr5P3TANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADAU
...
At that point I could use file_get_contents() with both localhost URLs and outside URLs with no additional configuration.
file_get_contents("https://localhost/...");
file_get_contents("https://google.com");
$csm = stream_context_create(['ssl' => ['capture_session_meta' => TRUE]]);
$sourceCountry = file_get_contents("https://api.wipmania.com/{$ip}?website.com", FALSE, $csm);
echo $sourceCountry;
I’ve been trying to access this particular REST service from a PHP page I’ve created on our server. I narrowed the problem down to these two lines. So my PHP page looks like this:
<?php
$response = file_get_contents("https://maps.co.weber.ut.us/arcgis/rest/services/SDE_composite_locator/GeocodeServer/findAddressCandidates?Street=&SingleLine=3042+N+1050+W&outFields=*&outSR=102100&searchExtent=&f=json");
echo $response; ?>
The page dies on line 2 with the following errors:
Warning: file_get_contents(): SSL operation failed with code 1.
OpenSSL Error messages: error:14090086:SSL
routines:SSL3_GET_SERVER_CERTIFICATE:certificate verify failed in
...php on line 2
Warning: file_get_contents(): Failed to enable crypto in ...php on
line 2
Warning:
file_get_contents(https://maps.co.weber.ut.us/arcgis/rest/services/SDE_composite_locator/GeocodeServer/findAddressCandidates?Street=&SingleLine=3042+N+1050+W&outFields=*&outSR=102100&searchExtent=&f=json):
failed to open stream: operation failed in ...php on line 2
We’re using a Gentoo server. We recently upgraded to PHP version 5.6. It was after the upgrade when this problem appeared.
I found when I replace the REST service with an address like https://www.google.com; my page works just fine.
In an earlier attempt I set “verify_peer”=>false, and passed that in as an argument to file_get_contents, as described here: file_get_contents ignoring verify_peer=>false? But like the writer noted; it made no difference.
I’ve asked one of our server administrators if these lines in our php.ini file exist:
extension=php_openssl.dll
allow_url_fopen = On
He told me that since we’re on Gentoo, openssl is compiled when we build; and it’s not set in the php.ini file.
I also confirmed that allow_url_fopen is working. Due to the specialized nature of this problem; I’m not finding a lot of information for help. Have any of you come across something like this? Thanks.
This was an enormously helpful link to find:
http://php.net/manual/en/migration56.openssl.php
An official document describing the changes made to open ssl in PHP 5.6
From here I learned of one more parameter I should have set to false: "verify_peer_name"=>false
Note: This has very significant security implications. Disabling verification potentially permits a MITM attacker to use an invalid certificate to eavesdrop on the requests. While it may be useful to do this in local development, other approaches should be used in production.
So my working code looks like this:
<?php
$arrContextOptions=array(
"ssl"=>array(
"verify_peer"=>false,
"verify_peer_name"=>false,
),
);
$response = file_get_contents("https://maps.co.weber.ut.us/arcgis/rest/services/SDE_composite_locator/GeocodeServer/findAddressCandidates?Street=&SingleLine=3042+N+1050+W&outFields=*&outSR=102100&searchExtent=&f=json", false, stream_context_create($arrContextOptions));
echo $response; ?>
You shouldn't just turn off verification. Rather you should download a certificate bundle, perhaps the curl bundle will do?
Then you just need to put it on your web server, giving the user that runs php permission to read the file. Then this code should work for you:
$arrContextOptions= [
'ssl' => [
'cafile' => '/path/to/bundle/cacert.pem',
'verify_peer'=> true,
'verify_peer_name'=> true,
],
];
$response = file_get_contents(
'https://maps.co.weber.ut.us/arcgis/rest/services/SDE_composite_locator/GeocodeServer/findAddressCandidates?Street=&SingleLine=3042+N+1050+W&outFields=*&outSR=102100&searchExtent=&f=json',
false,
stream_context_create($arrContextOptions)
);
Hopefully, the root certificate of the site you are trying to access is in the curl bundle. If it isn't, this still won't work until you get the root certificate of the site and put it into your certificate file.
I fixed this by making sure that that OpenSSL was installed on my machine and then adding this to my php.ini:
openssl.cafile=/usr/local/etc/openssl/cert.pem
You can get around this problem by writing a custom function that uses curl, as in:
function file_get_contents_curl( $url ) {
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_AUTOREFERER, TRUE );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0 );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1 );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, TRUE );
$data = curl_exec( $ch );
curl_close( $ch );
return $data;
}
Then just use file_get_contents_curl instead of file_get_contents whenever you're calling a url that begins with https.
Working for me, I am using PHP 5.6. openssl extension should be enabled and while calling google map api verify_peer make false
Below code is working for me.
<?php
$arrContextOptions=array(
"ssl"=>array(
"verify_peer"=>false,
"verify_peer_name"=>false,
),
);
$url = "https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?latlng="
. $latitude
. ","
. $longitude
. "&sensor=false&key="
. Yii::$app->params['GOOGLE_API_KEY'];
$data = file_get_contents($url, false, stream_context_create($arrContextOptions));
echo $data;
?>
After falling victim to this problem on centOS after updating php to php5.6 I found a solution that worked for me.
Get the correct directory for your certs to be placed by default with this
php -r "print_r(openssl_get_cert_locations()['default_cert_file']);"
Then use this to get the cert and put it in the default location found from the code above
wget http://curl.haxx.se/ca/cacert.pem -O <default location>
At first you need to have enabled curl extension in PHP. Then you can use this function:
function file_get_contents_ssl($url) {
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, false);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, true);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_REFERER, $url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, TRUE);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT, 3000); // 3 sec.
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 10000); // 10 sec.
$result = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
return $result;
}
It works similar to function file_get_contents(..).
Example:
echo file_get_contents_ssl("https://www.example.com/");
Output:
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Example Domain</title>
...
You basically have to set the environment variable SSL_CERT_FILE to the path of the PEM file of the ssl-certificate downloaded from the following link : http://curl.haxx.se/ca/cacert.pem.
It took me a lot of time to figure this out.
If your PHP version is 5, try installing cURL by typing the following command in the terminal:
sudo apt-get install php5-curl
following below steps will fix this issue,
Download the CA Certificate from this link: https://curl.haxx.se/ca/cacert.pem
Find and open php.ini
Look for curl.cainfo and paste the absolute path where you have download the Certificate. curl.cainfo ="C:\wamp\htdocs\cert\cacert.pem"
Restart WAMP/XAMPP (apache server).
It works!
hope that helps !!
Just wanted to add to this since I ran into the same problem and nothing I could find anywhere would work (e.g downloading the cacert.pem file, setting cafile in php.ini etc.)
If you are using NGINX and your SSL certificate comes with an "intermediate certificate", you need to combine the intermediate cert file with your main "mydomain.com.crt" file and it should work. Apache has a setting specific for intermediate certs, but NGINX does not so it must be within same file as your regular cert.
Reason for this error is that PHP does not have a list of trusted certificate authorities.
PHP 5.6 and later try to load the CAs trusted by the system automatically. Issues with that can be fixed. See http://php.net/manual/en/migration56.openssl.php for more information.
PHP 5.5 and earlier are really hard to setup correctly since you manually have to specify the CA bundle in each request context, a thing you do not want to sprinkle around your code.
So I decided for my code that for PHP versions < 5.6, SSL verification simply gets disabled:
$req = new HTTP_Request2($url);
if (version_compare(PHP_VERSION, '5.6.0', '<')) {
//correct ssl validation on php 5.5 is a pain, so disable
$req->setConfig('ssl_verify_host', false);
$req->setConfig('ssl_verify_peer', false);
}
Had the same error with PHP 7 on XAMPP and OSX.
The above mentioned answer in https://stackoverflow.com/ is good, but it did not completely solve the problem for me. I had to provide the complete certificate chain to make file_get_contents() work again. That's how I did it:
Get root / intermediate certificate
First of all I had to figure out what's the root and the intermediate certificate.
The most convenient way is maybe an online cert-tool like the ssl-shopper
There I found three certificates, one server-certificate and two chain-certificates (one is the root, the other one apparantly the intermediate).
All I need to do is just search the internet for both of them. In my case, this is the root:
thawte DV SSL SHA256 CA
And it leads to his url thawte.com. So I just put this cert into a textfile and did the same for the intermediate. Done.
Get the host certificate
Next thing I had to to is to download my server cert. On Linux or OS X it can be done with openssl:
openssl s_client -showcerts -connect whatsyoururl.de:443 </dev/null 2>/dev/null|openssl x509 -outform PEM > /tmp/whatsyoururl.de.cert
Now bring them all together
Now just merge all of them into one file. (Maybe it's good to just put them into one folder, I just merged them into one file). You can do it like this:
cat /tmp/thawteRoot.crt > /tmp/chain.crt
cat /tmp/thawteIntermediate.crt >> /tmp/chain.crt
cat /tmp/tmp/whatsyoururl.de.cert >> /tmp/chain.crt
tell PHP where to find the chain
There is this handy function openssl_get_cert_locations() that'll tell you, where PHP is looking for cert files. And there is this parameter, that will tell file_get_contents() where to look for cert files. Maybe both ways will work. I preferred the parameter way. (Compared to the solution mentioned above).
So this is now my PHP-Code
$arrContextOptions=array(
"ssl"=>array(
"cafile" => "/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/share/openssl/certs/chain.pem",
"verify_peer"=> true,
"verify_peer_name"=> true,
),
);
$response = file_get_contents($myHttpsURL, 0, stream_context_create($arrContextOptions));
That's all. file_get_contents() is working again. Without CURL and hopefully without security flaws.
<?php
$stream_context = stream_context_create([
"ssl" => [
"verify_peer" => false,
"verify_peer_name" => false
]
]);
$response = file_get_contents("https://maps.co.weber.ut.us/arcgis/rest/services/SDE_composite_locator/GeocodeServer/findAddressCandidates?Street=&SingleLine=3042+N+1050+W&outFields=*&outSR=102100&searchExtent=&f=json", false, $stream_context);
echo $response;
?>
Just tested of PHP 7.2, it's working well.
EDIT: Also tested and working on PHP 7.1
Had the same ssl-problem on my developer machine (php 7, xampp on windows) with a self signed certificate trying to fopen a "https://localhost/..."-file. Obviously the root-certificate-assembly (cacert.pem) didn't work.
I just copied manually the code from the apache server.crt-File in the downloaded cacert.pem and did the openssl.cafile=path/to/cacert.pem entry in php.ini
Another thing to try is to re-install ca-certificates as detailed here.
# yum reinstall ca-certificates
...
# update-ca-trust force-enable
# update-ca-trust extract
And another thing to try is to explicitly allow the one site's certificate in question as described here (especially if the one site is your own server and you already have the .pem in reach).
# cp /your/site.pem /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/
# update-ca-trust extract
I was running into this exact SO error after upgrading to PHP 5.6 on CentOS 6 trying to access the server itself which has a cheapsslsecurity certificate which maybe it needed to be updated, but instead I installed a letsencrypt certificate and with these two steps above it did the trick. I don't know why the second step was necessary.
Useful Commands
View openssl version:
# openssl version
OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013
View PHP cli ssl current settings:
# php -i | grep ssl
openssl
Openssl default config => /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
openssl.cafile => no value => no value
openssl.capath => no value => no value
Regarding errors similar to
[11-May-2017 19:19:13 America/Chicago] PHP Warning: file_get_contents(): SSL operation failed with code 1. OpenSSL Error messages:
error:14090086:SSL routines:ssl3_get_server_certificate:certificate verify failed
Have you checked the permissions of the cert and directories referenced by openssl?
You can do this
var_dump(openssl_get_cert_locations());
To get something similar to this
array(8) {
["default_cert_file"]=>
string(21) "/usr/lib/ssl/cert.pem"
["default_cert_file_env"]=>
string(13) "SSL_CERT_FILE"
["default_cert_dir"]=>
string(18) "/usr/lib/ssl/certs"
["default_cert_dir_env"]=>
string(12) "SSL_CERT_DIR"
["default_private_dir"]=>
string(20) "/usr/lib/ssl/private"
["default_default_cert_area"]=>
string(12) "/usr/lib/ssl"
["ini_cafile"]=>
string(0) ""
["ini_capath"]=>
string(0) ""
}
This issue frustrated me for a while, until I realized that my "certs" folder had 700 permissions, when it should have had 755 permissions. Remember, this is not the folder for keys but certificates. I recommend reading this this link on ssl permissions.
Once I did
chmod 755 certs
The problem was fixed, at least for me anyway.
Fix for macos 12.4 / Mamp 6.6 / Homebrew 3.5.2 / Openssl#3
Terminal
Check version
openssl version -a
Mine was pointing to:
...
OPENSSLDIR: "/opt/homebrew/etc/openssl#3"
...
So I looked through homebrew's dir /opt/homebrew/etc/openssl#3 and found the cert.pem and made sure my Mamp's current version of php's php.ini file was pointing to homebrew's correct openssl version's cert.pem
add to php.ini
openssl.cafile=/opt/homebrew/etc/openssl#3/cert.pem
I had the same issue for another secure page when using wget or file_get_contents. A lot of research (including some of the responses on this question) resulted in a simple solution - installing Curl and PHP-Curl - If I've understood correctly, Curl has the Root CA for Comodo which resolved the issue
Install Curl and PHP-Curl addon, then restart Apache
sudo apt-get install curl
sudo apt-get install php-curl
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 reload
All now working.
For me, I was running XAMPP on a Windows 10 machine (localhost) and recently upgraded to PHP 8. I was trying to open a localhost HTTPS link via file_get_contents().
In my php.ini file, there was a line that read:
openssl.cafile="C:\Users\[USER]\xampp\apache\bin\curl-ca-bundle.crt"
This was the certificate bundle being used to validate "outside" URLs, and was a package from Mozilla as some people have discussed. I don't know if XAMPP came that way or if I set it up in the past.
At some point I had set up HTTPS on my localhost, resulting in another certificate bundle. This bundle needed to be used to validate "localhost" URLs. To remind myself where that bundle was, I opened httpd-ssl.conf and found the line that read:
SSLCertificateFile "conf/ssl.crt/server.crt"
(The complete path was C:\Users[USER]\xampp\apache\conf\ssl.crt\server.crt)
To make both localhost and outside URLs work simultaneously, I copied the contents of my localhost "server.crt" file into Mozilla's bundle "curl-ca-bundle.crt".
.
.
.
m7I1HrrW9zzRHM76JTymGoEVW/MSD2zuZYrJh6j5B+BimoxcSg==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
Localhost--I manually added this
================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDGDCCAgCgAwIBAgIQIH+mTLNOSKlD8KMZwr5P3TANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADAU
...
At that point I could use file_get_contents() with both localhost URLs and outside URLs with no additional configuration.
file_get_contents("https://localhost/...");
file_get_contents("https://google.com");
$csm = stream_context_create(['ssl' => ['capture_session_meta' => TRUE]]);
$sourceCountry = file_get_contents("https://api.wipmania.com/{$ip}?website.com", FALSE, $csm);
echo $sourceCountry;
What can I do if I turn on the access but still get php errors?
Warning: file_get_contents() [function.file-get-contents]: http:// wrapper is disabled in the server configuration by allow_url_fopen=0 in ------------- on line 40
Warning: file_get_contents(http://finance.google.co.uk/finance/info?client=ig&q=NASDAQ:MSFT) [function.file-get-contents]: failed to open stream: no suitable wrapper could be found in --------------- on line 40
try
ini_set("allow_url_fopen", 1);
if (ini_get("allow_url_fopen") == 1) {
echo "allow_url_fopen is ON";
} else {
echo "allow_url_fopen is OFF";
}
print ini_get("allow_url_fopen");
or you can try a different method
function curl($url){
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL,$url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER,1);
$return = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close ($ch);
return $return;
}
$string = curl('http://www.example.org/myfile.php');
Try to add this code to your .htaccess file:
php_value allow_url_fopen On
if using wamp php.ini are two folders C:\wamp\bin\apache\apacheVersion\bin and C:\wamp\bin\php\phpVersion so make setting allow_url_fopen=on in both files
it took me 3 days to figure it out.
Decided to post this in case you have a similar situation like me.
In my case, I am using a shared hosting setup and I was trying to install composer and then slim framework.
From CPanel I had Php 7.2 selected and phar and json enabled.
But from SSH shell when I would run composer commands it would say phar and json extensions are not installed. Moreover the php version was 5.6.
php --ini
or
php -v
then I checked all aliases on SSH to see which PHP was binded
alias
So I learnt that SSH shell PHP version has nothing to do with front-end cpanel php.
bothe are completely separate setups.
now to update my php version for shell I aliased php to php72 folder via shell command.
Then the problem was how to enable phar and json libraries. So I passed them in my command to use those libraries when executing my composer.phar scripts.
$ php -d extension=phar.so -d extension=json.so composer.phar require slim/slim:4.0.0
You can also change the default PHP for your SSH by updating the .bash_profile and define the alias in their for php as;
alias php='your php folder path'
the .bash_profile file will be in the root directory of your user folder if you FTP it. CPanel file explorer doesn't show hidden or other types of files. It only shows certain extension files.
And it finally worked and installed my slim framework.
I hope this helps those who are struggling.
Peace!
Proud Pakistani
I recently moved a cURL script from one server (Ubuntu) to another (Mac OS X). The script worked when run from the Ubuntu server but it doesn't work on the OS X server. I get error 35 and this:
error:14077417:SSL routines:SSL23_GET_SERVER_HELLO:sslv3 alert illegal parameter
Any ideas?
Edit: Here's what's probably a really good clue. This doesn't work:
curl -v https://foo.com/OA_HTML/RF.jsp?function_id=123
But this does:
curl -v -sslv3 https://foo.com/OA_HTML/RF.jsp?function_id=123
Now I just need to know how to do the equivalent of the second command from within PHP.
Could be some php.ini setting or apache follow or openbasedir setting !
I know I'm late but the equivalent of
curl -v -sslv3 https://foo.com/OA_HTML/RF.jsp?function_id=123
is
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSLVERSION, 3); //set to force SSL3
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "https://foo.com/OA_HTML/RF.jsp?function_id=123");
$result = curl_exec ($ch); //execute the request
Most of the time CURL over SSL uses OpenSSL, more than likely either CURL or OpenSSL is not installed or enabled on the new server. Save a file on the server with:
<?php phpinfo(); ?>
and check if these are enabled
ADD
Either that or your SSL Certificates where not created on the machine you are trying to use them on. Each SSL certificate has specific information about each machine (if received from an online vendor)
I'm completely newbie in PHP.
I have tried example code from this site. but it gives following error:
Fatal error: Call to undefined function curl_init() in C:\xampp\htdocs\g\test1.php on line 3
Am I missing something? It says undefined function curl_init() so where should I define it?
Code:-
<?php
// create a new cURL resource
$ch = curl_init();
// set URL and other appropriate options
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "http://www.example.com/");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);
// grab URL and pass it to the browser
curl_exec($ch);
// close cURL resource, and free up system resources
curl_close($ch);
?>
I assume you're using xampp as for your error shows it, locate php.ini in xampp directory probably located in C:\Program Files\xampp\php\php.ini and search for ;extension=php_curl.dll remove the ; to uncomment it. Restart xampp.
What is your Xampp version?
If your version is >= 1.7.1 then follow the following instruction:-
Open ..\xampp\php\php.ini
Uncomment the following line on your php.ini file by removing the semicolon.
;extension=php_curl.dll
Restart your apache server
Otherwise, follow following instruction:-
Open the following files-
..\xampp\apache\bin\php.ini
..\xampp\php\php.ini
..\xampp\php\php4\php.ini
2) Uncomment the following line on your php.ini file by removing the semicolon.
;extension=php_curl.dll
3) Restart your apache server.
check if curl is enable or not
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);
$data = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
Looks like you're on Windows and don't have the curl extension enabled. Please read: http://php.net/manual/en/install.windows.extensions.php. You need to find php_curl.dll, put it in your extension directory and load it from your php.ini