MySQL Two Queries Producing One Value - php

Question

I need to make a query that selects from two different tables. Basically, I only want to select the rows from the dates table that have no pending orders in the orders table.
For example, the dates table has the values of July 1, July 2 and July 3. July 2 has orders with the status = PEN in the orders table so the table will only show July 1 and July 3.
Query 1 for dates:
$sql = "SELECT * FROM dates WHERE DATEDIFF(CURDATE(), date) >= 30 AND `30day`='No'";
I have yet to build a query for the orders table as I am sure this needs to be integrated into one query together, and I am not sure what to do.
I know you can do two SELECT queries in one, and I am aware of how to do this, but I am unsure of how to cause the second SELECT query to be affected by the first SELECT query.
dates database has columns id date closed 30day 60day
orders database has columns id date order status
I need this query to flag any orders with the statuses PEN BO FBO.
Thank you in advance!
Sample Data:
dates table:
Date - 30-day Value
July 1 - No
July 2 - No
July 3 - No
orders table:
Date - Orders - Status
July 1 - 7123456 - PEN
July 1 - 7123457 - SHI
July 1 - 7123487 - SHI
July 2 - 7256789 - SHI
July 2 - 7256790 - SHI
July 2 - 7256791 - SHI
July 3 - 7215368 - SHI
July 3 - 7125369 - SHI
July 3 - 7659876 - BO
July 4 - 7569235 - FBO
July 4 - 7986585 - FBO
Expected Result:
Date
July 2
July 3
Omitted Dates:
Date - Reason
July 1 - because there is an open order
July 4 - because there is an open order
I don't want an omitted table - just wanted to show what wouldn't show up.

Answer 1

could be this what you are looking for (i don't know your schema so for the join i have used a column named key
$sql = "SELECT *
FROM dates
LEFT JOIN orders on (dates.date = orders.date and orders.status not in ('PEN','BO', 'FBO'))
WHERE DATEDIFF(CURDATE(), dates.date) >= 30
AND `30day`='No'";
otherwise if you need that status is not PEN, BO and FBO then you can
..
$sql = "SELECT *
FROM dates
LEFT JOIN orders ON dates.date = orders.date
WHERE DATEDIFF(CURDATE(), dates.date) >= 30
AND `30day`='No'
AND orders.status NOT IN ('PEN','BO', 'FBO' ) ";
..
$sql = "SELECT *
FROM dates
INNER JOIN orders ON dates.date = orders.date
WHERE DATEDIFF(CURDATE(), dates.date) >= 30
AND `30day`='No'
AND orders.status IN ('PEN','BO', 'FBO' ) ";
based on the sample provided this should return the rows you need
$sql = " SELECT *
FROM dates
WHERE DATEDIFF(CURDATE(), date) >= 30
AND `30day`='No'
AND date not in (
select date
from orders
where order.status IN ('PEN','BO', 'FBO' )
) ";