Laravel - Has many of self through - php

I have two models, User and Appointment. Users can have clients which are also users. These clients are referenced in appointments under client_id:
The appointment table looks like this:
Appointment
id|user_id|client_id
I'd like to pull all clients per user (uniques) but having difficulty crafting the relationship (hasManyThrough – User has many Users (clients) through Appointments).
Based on my understanding of the Laravel docs, the following should work:
User.php
public function clients()
{
return $this->hasManyThrough('App\User', 'App\Appointment', 'client_id', 'user_id', 'id');
}
-
Appointment.php
public function user()
{
return $this->belongsTo('App\User');
}
public function client()
{
return $this->belongsTo('App\User', 'client_id');
}
Alas it does not get me what I'm looking for. Should I craft my own query?

That's a little tricky. The documentation Has Many Through example is cascade like structure, which tells me that this type of relationship is not applicable to your case (but there are many undocumented things, so it could also be possible).
I propose the following relationships if you don't want to deal with undocumented cases:
User.php
public function appointmentsInWhichIsProvider()
{
return $this->hasMany('App\Appointment');
}
public function appointmentsInWhichIsClient()
{
return $this->hasMany('App\Appointment', 'client_id');
}
Appointment.php
public function user()
{
return $this->belongsTo('App\User');
}
public function client()
{
return $this->belongsTo('App\User', 'client_id');
}
If you want to get all the clients of an user, you can do something like this (not pretty at all, but should do the trick):
$user = User::find(1);
$userClients = [];
foreach ($user->appointmentsInWhichIsProvider as $appointment) {
array_push($userClients, $appointment->client);
}
var_dump($userClients) // Collection containing all the user clients.

Related

Loading values from many-to-many realtionship plus values from auto-generated table in Laravel

I am working on some kind of ambulance app and I need help on how to load relationship.
So, I have table appointment_statuses (and it is populated over the seeder because I need only 3 states - Done, In Progress, Not Performed), I have also the many-to-many relationship between the User model and Appointment model (appointment_user table which holds only IDs of both models) and now I am working on EMR system which means I can check all appointments that patient had in history.
Here is the image of the issue
So under "Status" I want to load name of that ID from appointment_statuses table instead to have only ID.
These tables have this structure:
Appointments
Status
These tables have these values:
Appointments table
Appointment statuses table
These are relations:
User:
public function role()
{
return $this->belongsTo(Role::class);
}
public function patient()
{
return $this->hasOne(Patient::class);
}
public function appointments()
{
return $this->belongsToMany(Appointment::class);
}
Appointment:
public function users()
{
return $this->belongsToMany(User::class);
}
public function user()
{
return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
}
public function appointmentStatus()
{
return $this->belongsTo(AppointmentStatus::class);
}
Appointment_Statuses:
public function patient()
{
return $this->belongsTo(Patient::class);
}
public function appointment()
{
return $this->belongsTo(Appointment::class);
}
Here is a controller which is responsible for emr:
After I have added to controller this:
$user = User::with(['appointments', 'appointments.appointmentStatus'])->where('id', $id)->firstOrFail();
I get this in frontend:
{{ dd($user->toArray()) }}
SOLUTION TO THIS ISSUE
For anyone in future who gets this kind of issue just check the convention about the naming of the foreign keys. In my example, it was the issue, and if you are not sure that your foreign key name is correct then just in the model provide more information like this:
public function appointmentStatus()
{
return $this->belongsTo(AppointmentStatus::class,'appointment_statuses_id','id');
}
You can use nested relationship
$user=User::with(['appointments','appointments.appointmentStatus'])
->where('id',$id)
->first();
Also you have to modify relationship
public function appointmentStatus()
{
return $this->belongsTo(AppointmentStatus::class,'appointment_statuses_id','id');
}
For anyone in future who gets this kind of issue just check the convention about the naming of the foreign keys. In my example, it was the issue, and if you are not sure that your foreign key name is correct then just in the model provide more information like this:
public function appointmentStatus()
{
return $this->belongsTo(AppointmentStatus::class,'appointment_statuses_id','id');
}

Laravel Eloquent elation for pivot table

I'm currently working on a laravel project, but I'm kind of stuck finding the right eloquent relations.
My tables and the connections (should) look like this:
Project Relations
My model relations look like this:
User
public function team()
{
return $this->hasMany(Team::class, 'user_id');
}
public function evaluation()
{
return $this->hasMany(Evaluation::class, 'user_id');
}
Team
public function user()
{
return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
}
public function survey()
{
return $this->hasMany(Survey::class, 'team_id');
}
Evaluation
public function user()
{
return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
}
public function survey()
{
return $this->hasMany(Survey::class, 'evaluation_id');
}
Survey
public function team()
{
return $this->belongsTo(Team::class);
}
public function evaluation()
{
return $this->belongsTo(Evaluation::class);
}
public function surveyresponse()
{
return $this->hasMany(SurveyResponse::class, 'survey_id');
}
SurveyResponse
public function survey()
{
return $this->belongsTo(Survey::class);
}
public function testquestion()
{
return $this->belongsTo('App\TestQuestion');
}
Is this the way to go? Do I need a "Has Many Through" relation here? Or a "Polymorphic Relationship"?
Seems correct to me, i just didnt see the TesteQuestion model (your last relation).
Answering your question:
The HasManyThrough relation is just a shortcut for accessing distant relations via an intermediate relation, in your case: Users has many evaluations that has many surveys. With this relationship you could get all surveys from a user.
Your relation would look like this:
/**
* Get all of the surveys for the user.
*/
public function surveys()
{
return $this->hasManyThrough('App\Survey', 'App\Evaluation');
}
You can access this relation like this:
$user->surveys();
But you can achieve the same (without using the HasManyThrough) by doing:
$user->evaluations()->surveys();
Beware that this will return the evaluations too, not just the surveys and it requires more processing.
So i recommend you doing the HasManyThrough relationship if you pretend to access the surveys a lot.

Laravel defining relationship

Am still new to laravel
I have the following tables
user
id
first_name
last_name
educations
id,
user_id //references user id
type
Now in my user model i would like to get a specific users educations which can be many
so a user can have many educations but each education belongs to a single user.
So in my user model i have
public function education()
{
return $this->hasMany('App\ApplicantEducation','id','user_id');
}
In my Education model i have
public function user()
{
return $this->belongsTo('App\User','user_id','id');
}
But the above fails, I cannot retrieve user specific educations
Where am i going wrong?
try this:
in User Model:
public function educations()
{
return $this->hasMany('App\ApplicantEducation', 'user_id');
}
in Education Model:
public function user()
{
return $this->belongsTo('App\User', 'user_id');
}
Change return $this->hasMany('App\ApplicantEducation','id','user_id');
to return $this->hasMany('App\ApplicantEducation','user_id', 'id'); you also ommit the id and user_id.
As your foreign_key is well formed, you can also rwite this simple code,
class User{
public function education()
{
return $this->hasMany('App\ApplicantEducation');
}
}
Class Educations{
public function user()
{
return $this->belongsTo('App\User');
}
}
Here,
$this->hasMany('App\ApplicantEducation','id','user_id');
In above statement first argument should be Model second should be foreign key and the third one is any other key from Education model.
Here, second and third arguments are not mandatory.
In User Model
class User...{
public function education()
{
return $this->hasMany('App\ApplicantEducation');
}
In Education Model
public function user()
{
return $this->belongsTo('App\User');
}
Here, additional parameters are not mandatory might be your addition parameters creates issue,
and now you can retrieve your user with Education by
$user = User::with('education')->get();
This can retrieve all the users with their education.
I hope it helps,Thank you, Happy coding.
You should try this:
Education Model
public function user()
{
return $this->belongsTo('App\User','user_id);
}
User Model
public function education()
{
return $this->hasMany('App\ApplicantEducation');
}

Custom Laravel Relations?

Hypothetical situation: Let's say we have 3 models:
User
Role
Permission
Let's also say User has a many-to-many relation with Role, and Role has a many-to-many relation with Permission.
So their models might look something like this. (I kept them brief on purpose.)
class User
{
public function roles() {
return $this->belongsToMany(Role::class);
}
}
class Role
{
public function users() {
return $this->belongsToMany(User::class);
}
public function permissions() {
return $this->belongsToMany(Permission::class);
}
}
class Permission
{
public function roles() {
return $this->belongsToMany(Role::class);
}
}
What if you wanted to get all the Permissions for a User? There isn't a BelongsToManyThrough.
It seems as though you are sort of stuck doing something that doesn't feel quite right and doesn't work with things like User::with('permissions') or User::has('permissions').
class User
{
public function permissions() {
$permissions = [];
foreach ($this->roles as $role) {
foreach ($role->permissions as $permission) {
$permissions = array_merge($permissions, $permission);
}
}
return $permissions;
}
}
This example is, just one example, don't read too much into it. The point is, how can you define a custom relationship? Another example could be the relationship between a facebook comment and the author's mother. Weird, I know, but hopefully you get the idea. Custom Relationships. How?
In my mind, a good solution would be for that relationship to be described in a similar way to how describe any other relationship in Laravel. Something that returns an Eloquent Relation.
class User
{
public function permissions() {
return $this->customRelation(Permission::class, ...);
}
}
Does something like this already exist?
The closest thing to a solution was what #biship posted in the comments. Where you would manually modify the properties of an existing Relation. This might work well in some scenarios. Really, it may be the right solution in some cases. However, I found I was having to strip down all of the constraints added by the Relation and manually add any new constraints I needed.
My thinking is this... If you're going to be stripping down the constraints each time so that the Relation is just "bare". Why not make a custom Relation that doesn't add any constraints itself and takes a Closure to help facilitate adding constraints?
Solution
Something like this seems to be working well for me. At least, this is the basic concept:
class Custom extends Relation
{
protected $baseConstraints;
public function __construct(Builder $query, Model $parent, Closure $baseConstraints)
{
$this->baseConstraints = $baseConstraints;
parent::__construct($query, $parent);
}
public function addConstraints()
{
call_user_func($this->baseConstraints, $this);
}
public function addEagerConstraints(array $models)
{
// not implemented yet
}
public function initRelation(array $models, $relation)
{
// not implemented yet
}
public function match(array $models, Collection $results, $relation)
{
// not implemented yet
}
public function getResults()
{
return $this->get();
}
}
The methods not implemented yet are used for eager loading and must be declared as they are abstract. I haven't that far yet. :)
And a trait to make this new Custom Relation easier to use.
trait HasCustomRelations
{
public function custom($related, Closure $baseConstraints)
{
$instance = new $related;
$query = $instance->newQuery();
return new Custom($query, $this, $baseConstraints);
}
}
Usage
// app/User.php
class User
{
use HasCustomRelations;
public function permissions()
{
return $this->custom(Permission::class, function ($relation) {
$relation->getQuery()
// join the pivot table for permission and roles
->join('permission_role', 'permission_role.permission_id', '=', 'permissions.id')
// join the pivot table for users and roles
->join('role_user', 'role_user.role_id', '=', 'permission_role.role_id')
// for this user
->where('role_user.user_id', $this->id);
});
}
}
// app/Permission.php
class Permission
{
use HasCustomRelations;
public function users()
{
return $this->custom(User::class, function ($relation) {
$relation->getQuery()
// join the pivot table for users and roles
->join('role_user', 'role_user.user_id', '=', 'users.id')
// join the pivot table for permission and roles
->join('permission_role', 'permission_role.role_id', '=', 'role_user.role_id')
// for this permission
->where('permission_role.permission_id', $this->id);
});
}
}
You could now do all the normal stuff for relations without having to query in-between relations first.
Github
I went a ahead and put all this on Github just in case there are more people who are interested in something like this. This is still sort of a science experiment in my opinion. But, hey, we can figure this out together. :)
Have you looked into the hasManyThrough relationship that Laravel offers?
Laravel HasManyThrough
It should help you retrieve all the permissions for a user.
I believe this concept already exists. You may choose on using Laravel ACL Roles and Permissions or Gate, or a package known as Entrust by zizaco.
Zizaco - Entrust
Laracast - watch video 13 and 14
Good luck!

Eloquent many-to-many-to-many - how to load distant relation easily

I have 3 tables; users, groups and permissions
In models I have the relationships set as belongsToMany
in user model:
public function groups() {
return $this->belongsToMany('Group');
}
in group model:
public function users() {
return $this->belongsToMany('User');
}
public function permissions() {
return $this->belongsToMany('Permission');
}
in permissions model:
public function groups() {
return $this->belongsToMany('Group', 'id');
}
many users - to - many groups
many groups - to - many permissions
I'm trying to get all the permissions a user has, and have no clue what the code for it should look like. Can anyone help?
This is how you can do it:
User::where('id', $id)->with(['groups.permissions' => function ($q) use (&$permissions) {
$permissions = $q->get()->unique();
}])->first();
// then
$permissions; // collection of unique permissions of the user with id = $id
It should look something like this if you are eager loading...
$user = User::where('id', $id)->with(['groups.permissions'])->first();

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